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Overview 2

The Bhagavad Gita is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata and is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and Arjuna. It consists of 700 verses divided into 18 chapters. Each chapter is called a yoga and covers different paths or types of yoga for attaining spiritual enlightenment and union with the divine, such as karma yoga through selfless action, bhakti yoga through devotion, and jnana yoga through knowledge and intellect. The Gita provides guidance to Arjuna on dharma and his duties as a warrior when faced with fighting against his family in a battle.

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231 views

Overview 2

The Bhagavad Gita is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata and is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and Arjuna. It consists of 700 verses divided into 18 chapters. Each chapter is called a yoga and covers different paths or types of yoga for attaining spiritual enlightenment and union with the divine, such as karma yoga through selfless action, bhakti yoga through devotion, and jnana yoga through knowledge and intellect. The Gita provides guidance to Arjuna on dharma and his duties as a warrior when faced with fighting against his family in a battle.

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rerere
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PART-II

UNIT-I
EMERGENCE OF
PSYCHOLOGY:
THE BHAGAVAD
GITA
The Bhagavad Gita- Overview

The Bhagavad Gita (भगवदद्गीतत)

The Song of God referred to as the Gita, is a scripture that is part of the
Hindu epic Mahabharata.

Religion Santana Dharma


Author Vyasa
Language Sanskrit
Verses 700

 The Bhagavad-Gita is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and


Arjuna, narrated in the Bhishmaparva of the Mahabharata
epic.
 The text of Bhagavad-Gita consists of 700 slokas.
 In the Bhagavad-Gita totally there are 700 verses, where 574
verses were spoken by Krishna as a counsellor, 85 verses by
Arjuna as a client, 1 verse by Dritarashtra and 40 verses by
Sanjaya. Hence we can say that Bhagavad-Gita is a directive
counseling where Krishna showers Arjuna with psycho
education as well as transpersonal aspects.

 The correct date of the Bhagavad-Gita is almost unknown


and is very controversial. The Hindus generally believe that it
was written several hundred years before the birth of Christ.
 Most scholars believe the Bhagavad-Gita was added to the
Mahabharata around 450 BCE, approximately 500 years
after the original epic was written around 1000 BCE
(Upadhyaya, 1998).

Arjuna sees two alternatives one is to kill his opponents among


whom there are his beloved grand father Bhisma, most revered
leader Drona and other Kith and Kins. By killing them he can
conquer the Kingdom and enjoy worldy pleasures. But killing
the elders and one's own beloved teachers for the temporary
gains of the physical enjoyment is a sin.
The second thing is the withdrawal from the battle
because by killing the most dear ones, he is not going to get
happiness. It may also result in the slaughter of a large number
of men.
This problem is solved on a scientific basis at the
guidance of the teacher namely Lord Krisna.

CHAPTERS:

 The Bhagavad-Gita consists of 18 chapters. Each chapter is


called yoga. All the eighteen chapters in the Gita are
described or designated each as a type of Yoga.

 The function of 'Yoga' is to train the body and mind, to


avoid weakness, depression, distress and dejection one to
engage in effective action or Karma.

 The goal of all 'Yoga' is the attainment of consciousness of unity through


realization of one's own identity. The false ego must be purified and
spiritualized by yoga.

 Yoga is the science of the individual consciousness-attaining


communion with the Ultimate Consciousness.

The first six chapters have been classified as the Karma Yoga
section as they mainly deal with the science of the individual
consciousness-attaining communion with the Ultimate
Consciousness through actions.
These chapters are:
 Chapter 1 Arjuna vishᾱda yoga;
 Chapter 2 Sᾱnkhya yoga;
 Chapter 3 Karma yoga;
 Chapter 4 Jñana Yoga;
 Chapter 5 KarmaVᾱiragya Yoga (also known as Karma
Sanyᾱsa Yoga); and
 Chapter 6 Abhyᾱsa Yoga (Ᾱtmasamyama Yoga).

The middle six chapters have been designated as the Bhakti


Yoga section as they principally pertain to the path of devotion.

These chapters are:


 Chapter 7 ParamahamsaVijnana Yoga;
 Chapter 8 Aksara-Parabrahman Yoga;
 Chapter 9 Raja-Vidya-Guhya Yoga;
 Chapter 10 Vibhuti-Vistara-Yoga;
 Chapter 11 Visvarupa-Darsana Yoga; and
 Chapter 12 Bhakti Yoga

The final six chapters are regarded as the JñanaYoga


 they are primarily concerned with the science of the
individual consciousness attaining communion with the
Ultimate Consciousness through the intellect.

These chapters are:


 Chapter 13 Ksetra-KsetrajnaVibhaga Yoga;
 Chapter 14 Gunatraya-Vibhaga Yoga;
 Chapter 15 Purusottama Yoga;
 Chapter 16 Daivasura-Sampad-Vibhaga Yoga;
 Chapter 17 Sraddhatraya-Vibhaga Yoga;
 Chapter 18 Moksa-Upadesa Yoga

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