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Lecture4 Wave Motion

The document discusses the velocity of waves along a string. It shows that the velocity (v) of a transverse wave on a string is equal to the square root of tension (T) divided by the linear mass density (μ). The velocity does not depend on the amplitude or wavelength of the wave, but only on T and μ. It also states that if the radius of a string is doubled, but it is made of the same material and under the same tension, the velocity of a wave on it will be halved.

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Subhash Sahu
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82 views

Lecture4 Wave Motion

The document discusses the velocity of waves along a string. It shows that the velocity (v) of a transverse wave on a string is equal to the square root of tension (T) divided by the linear mass density (μ). The velocity does not depend on the amplitude or wavelength of the wave, but only on T and μ. It also states that if the radius of a string is doubled, but it is made of the same material and under the same tension, the velocity of a wave on it will be halved.

Uploaded by

Subhash Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Velocity of wave along a string

Velocity of wave along a string


Take a small element Δl of the string in which a wave is moving with speed v.
Let this element forms an arc of radius R. v
v dL

T Ɵ Ɵ T
R R
Let us analyse the small element from
the frame of wave.
Let mass of dL element be dm.
Since dL length is very small, This small element is
therefore T can be approximately same. performing circular motion.
For small element, arc = radius × angle
dL = R( 2θ )
For small element,
centripetal force(FC ) = 2Tsinθ v 2μ = T
Q θ is very small T
∴ sinθ ≈ θ
v=
μ
FC = 2 Tθ
Wave speed on string.
2
v dm
= 2 Tθ μ= mass per unit length
R
v 2 μR( 2θ ) m
μ=
= 2 Tθ L
R
if A is area of cross section
and ρ is density.
μ= ρA
T
v=
ρA
Q. Two strings A and B, made of same material are stretched by same tension.
The radius of string A is double of the radius of B. A transverse wave travels
on A with speed vA and on B with speed vB . The ratio vA/vB is –
Q. Figure shows a string of linear mass density 1gm/cm on which a wave
pulse is travelling. Find the time taken by the pulse in travelling
through a distance of 50cm on the string. Take g = 10m/s2.
Q. The extension in a string obeying Hooke's law is x. The speed of transverse
waves in the stretched string is v. If the extension in the string is increased
to 1.5 x, the speed of transverse waves will be
a) 1.22 v
b) 0.61 v
c) 1.5 v
d) 0.75 v

IIT JEE 1996


Q. The diameter of an iron wire is 1.2mm. If the speed of transverse wave
in the wire be 50m/s then what is the tension in the wire. The density
of iron is 7.7 × 103 kg/m3.
Q. A string of mass M and length L is attached to the string as shown in
figure. At the bottom of the string a pulse is generated, find the time
taken by the pulse to travel from lower end to the upper end.
Q. A uniform string of length 20 m is suspended from a rigid support. A short
wave pulse is introduced at its lowest end. It starts moving up the string.
The time taken to reach the support is : (take g = 10 ms–2 )

JEE MAIN 2016

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