Brand Loyalty
Brand Loyalty
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Brand loyalty occur when a customer make the choice of purchasing one brand
from a set of alternative brands, consistently over a period of time in the traditional
sense. Brand loyalty always consideredto be related to repetitive purchase behavior
of some products. Usually rated as the most important indicator of brand equity,
the reasons for this is that loyalty develops post purchase and indicates a consistent
patronage of a customer over a long period of time, where as all other elements of
brand equity mayor may not transfer in its port folio that are aimed at the same
customer at less expenditure.
Brand loyalty play an important role in achieving the market share of a company. It
has been one of the biggest issues in the world of marketing over the last years.
Loyal brand users not only spread positive word of mouth about their preferred
brand as defending the brand in arguments and discussions, but also often talk
competitive brand down. This suggests that brand loyalty to one brand not only
influence the brand positively, but also possibly have negative effects on the
competitive brands. It is also an potential barrier to the entry of new companies.
Our study mainly depends upon four companies curry powder products brands
loyalty. The companies are Eastern, Nirapara, Malayil, Supernova. The Eastern
commands more than 70% of the market share in Kerala and can be found in
households all over India and aims many countries abroad. The Nirapara
introduced a wide range of food products in the market under the “NIRAPARA”
brand umbrella. The brand offers numerous produts other than rice from whole
spices to masala powders, vegetable to pickles which are nutritionally rich and full
of nature’s goodness. The Malayil group have been successfully catering their
clients with superior quality food products like rice’s, spices and different types of
pulses etc…They observe high guality standards during the manufacturing and
packing of products. Supernovais a highly diversified trading and manufacturing
group of spices and food products and have wide network of distributors, dealers
and bulk consumers all over and abroad.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Study on Brand Loyalty of curry powders and
factors consumer buying decision with special
reference to Angadippuram Area.
The study mainly related to find out the brand loyalty of curry powders the study
also include the customer satisfaction brand loyalty of curry powders the factors
customer buying decision and to analysis customer opinion about the quality, price
and taste of curry powder product angadippuram area.
OBJECTIVES
Brand loyalty simply means the favorable attitude of a customer’s towards a particular
brand. Brand loyalty plays an important role of an achieving the market share of a
company. Loyal customers are the asset of the company, Their opinions, response etc
increase the sales and there by increase the profit of the company.
POPULATION
The population for the present study consist of customers of different
Companies manufacturing condiments(Eastern, Nirapara, Supernova,Malayil)in
Angadippuram.
AREA OF STUDY
The area of the study in limited to Angadippuram area.
SAMPLE SIZE
The sample size for the present study is 50 customers of various companies
manufacturing product.
METHOD OF SAMPLING
Random sampling method is used for collecting the required data for analysis.
SOURCE OF DATA
Both are primary data and secondary data.
TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION
Primary data
Secondary data
Both primary and secondary data are used for this study. In this study primary
data were collected through questionnaire. Secondary data were collected
through websites and published source.
TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS
Simple statistical method
Average
TOOLS OF PRESENTATION
Tools used for presentation are tables, diagrams….etc.
LIMITATIONS
The above table and graph shows that 30% of the respondents are male. 70%
respondents are female.
Concentrated on a limited area only
Some of respondents were not ready to give answer for question
Constrains are a major limitation in the study
Lack of time
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Brand Loyalty
Brand loyalty is a very important component of brand value and it
significantly contributes to meaning of brand as a resource of the firm. There
are various approaches to the concept of brand loyalty and what makes that the
concept may have many different meanings. Sometimes the focus is on
emotional ties between the buyer and the brand. In another approach, the focus
is on the loyal behavior of the buyer of a branded product – buyer loyalty
repeats purchase of a brand and is resistant to competitive promotion
(Rudawska 2005). The most comprehensive approach presents brand loyalty as
“a deeply held commitment to re buy or repatronize a preferred product/service
consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand or same-brand-
set purchasing, despite situational influences and marketing efforts having the
potential to cause switching behavior” (Oliver 1999). This definition
simultaneously addresses behavioral and attitudinal elements of the buyer’s
reaction and brand loyalty emerges only in a situation when behavior is
supported by attitude. On this basis, Chaudhuri and Holbrook developed the
concept of purchase loyalty- understood as an interest in repeated purchase of a
given brand and attitudinal loyalty understood as a degree of buyer’s emotional
engagement in a brand (Chaudhuri, Holbrook 2001). Gounaris and
Stathakopoulos added social influences as another dimension to the concept of
brand loyalty and indicated four types of brand loyalty: premium loyalty, inertia
loyalty, covetous loyalty, and no loyalty (Gounaris,Stathakopoulos 2004).
Likes
Satisfied
Habitual
Switchers
(Aaker, 1991) pointed out that brand loyalty is a variable having different
levels of strengths depending on a particular customer. Switchers are the
customers, who keep on changing brands due to low switching costs. Habitual
buyers are the people who have a habit to buy the same brand repeatedly, but do
not have an emotional attachment with the product. Satisfied customers are the
people who are loyal to a brand because it continuously satisfies their needs and
wants (Aaker, 1991). Likes have an emotional attachment with the product and
committed customers are at the top of the pyramid. These people share strong
commitment and trust with the brand and value this attachment.
According to Oliver (1999) there is a social connection between the customer
and brand .This social connection helps in development of the loyalty and
satisfaction of the customers towards the brand. Oliver (1999) carried out a
research indicating that satisfaction plays an important role in brand loyalty;
however other factors like quality, customer’s interest in the brand and social
connection between customers and brand also important factor for brand loyalty
development.
Brand Image
Lazarevic (2011) argued that one of the important steps to reach loyalty is
brand image. Based on branding theory, brand image must be congruent with
the customer’s image about themselves. Brand imagery deals with the extrinsic
of the product, including the way that brand attempts to meet customer’s
psychological or social needs. And brand image indicate that people think about
brand abstractly rather than what he brand actually does, therefore image refer
to intangible aspects of the brand(Keller, 2001).
According to Chen & Myagmarsuren (2011) brand image plays an important
role when customer measure products, and it drives customers to become loyal.
Moreover brand image influence the orientation and behavioral character of
customers towards brand, product and company.
Customer satisfaction
Brand satisfaction has a positive influence on brand loyalty (Youl&
Jhon,2010). A satisfied customer is likely to use same brand in future as well.
The satisfied customer is expected to continue purchasing same brand. Trust
and satisfaction are two factors that lead to positive purchase outcome. When
customers have been sure that the company or firm is honest and truthful, then
the customers trust the brand and form a positive buying retention towards the
brand. Moreover trust can lead to customer’s satisfaction and loyalty to the
brand (Anderson &Narus, 1990). When customers fell pleasure and satisfaction
after using a product, it leads to long-term relationship and repeated purchase.
Another factor that influences customer satisfaction and expectation is the
spreading of word of mouth. It means when customers are satisfied with a
brand, they would recommended it to their friends. The customer satisfaction
result improved customer loyalty towards the brand (Dick & Basu, 1994).
CHAPTER 3
DATA ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
Gender wise classification
Number of respondents
00
30%
70%
Male Female
Figure.3.1
Interpretation
The above figure 3.1 shows that 30% of this respondents are male. 70% respondents
are female.
Awareness of different condiments products
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Yes No
Series 1
Figure 3.2
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.2 shows that 100% of respondents are aware of different
brand of condiment products in the market.
Reasons for selecting brand
Taste 15 30%
Price 6 12%
Quality 25 50%
Variety of products 4 8%
Total 50 100%
Table No .3.3
50
40
30
20
10
0
Taste Price Quality Variety of products
Series 1
Figure No .3.3
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.3 show under 50 respondents 50% of respondents are
selecting their brand on the basis of quality. 30% respondents are selecting their brand
on the basis of taste of the brand and 8% are variety of product.
Medium of awareness of the products
Figure3.4
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.4 show under 50 respondents 40% of respondents medium of
awareness of condiments products is through television, 30% are friends & relatives,
and 0% are radio.
Satisfied the particular brand
25%
20%
16%
15%
10%
10%
6%
5%
0%
highly satisfied satisfied no opinion dissatisfied highly dissatisfied
Series 1
Figure 3.5
Interpretation
The above figure 3.5 show 36% respondents are satisfied with the particular brand 32
% respondents are no opinion with the particular brand and 6% are highly dissatisfied.
Type of outlets
type of outlets
70%
60%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
20%
12%
10% 6%
2%
0%
company store local shops sales persens online others
Series 1
Figure No.3.6
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.6 shows that under 50 respondents of 60% respondents are
buying products in local shop. 20% are buying company stores and 2% are online.
Brand loyalty
90%
80%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
20%
10%
0%
Yes No
Series 1
Figure No.3.7
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.7 show that of 80% of respondents have regular customers of
particular brand and 20% of respondents are not regular customers.
Regular customer of brand
30%
24%
25%
20%
20%
16%
15%
10%
4%
5%
0%
Eastern Nirapara Malayil Supernova Other products
Series 1
Figure.3.8
Interpretation
From the above 3.8 shows that 36% respondents are regular customers of eastern, 20
% are nirapara and 16 % are supernova.
Opinion about the brand choice
Series 1
Figure 3.9
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.9 show that out of 50 respondents 40% of respondent’s have
good opinion about the brand choice. 32% are respondent’s very good and 16% are
average.
Opinion about the quality
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Very good Good No opinion Average Bad
Series 1
Figure No.3.10
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.10 shows that out of 50respondents 20% respondents have
very good opinion about quality of brand, 64% of the respondents are good opinion
about the quality and 4% are bad opinio0n about the quality of brand.
Opinion about price
Series 1
Figure No.3.11
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.11 shows that out of 50 respondents 40% respondents are no
opinion about the price of product. 36% of respondents are average opinion about the
price of products and 8% are very high
Opinion about packaging & labeling
4% 16% 20%
60%
Figure No.3.12
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.12 shows that out of 50 respondents 60% are respondent’s
good opinion about the packing and labeling. 20% of respondents are excellent
opinion about the packing & labeling and 16% are average.
Quantity of condiment product use in a month
100g 12 24%
250g 25 50%
500g 8 16%
1kg 3 6%
Above 1kg 2 4%
Total 50 100%
Table No.3.13
40%
30% 24%
20% 16%
10% 6% 4%
0%
100g 250g 500g 1kg Above 1kg
Series 1
Figure 3 .13
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.13 shows that under 50 respondents 50% respondents are
250g quantity of condiment product use in a month. 16% respondents are 500g
quantity of product use in a month and 4% are above 1kg.
Identify brand image
24%
76%
Yes No
Figure No.3.14
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.14 shows that under 50 respondents76% respondents are
identify brand image of condiment products. 24% is can’t identify brand image of
condiments products.
Brand awareness of using products
80%
70%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Yes No
Figure No.3.15
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.15 show that under 50 respondents 70% respondents is brand
aware of condiment product. 30% is no aware of condiment product.
Feed back to the company
30%
70%
Yes No
Figure No.3.16
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.16 show that under 50 respondents 70% say the company is
does not collect feedback. 30% respondents is giving feedback.
Any problem of products
18% 6%
76%
Figure No.3.17
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.17 show that under 50 respondents 76% respondents is no
problem of product. Only 6% respondents have the problem with product.
Knowledge about the company
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
20%
10%
0
0%
Yes No
Figure No.3.18
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.18 show that under 50 respondents 80% respondents are well
known about the company and 20% of respondents are not known the company.
Whether The Company registered
100%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
0%
Yes No
Figure No.3.19
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.19 show that under 50 respondents 100% respondents are
saying and confirming the company is registered.
Usage of products of same company
60
50
40
30
30
20
10
0
Yes No
Figure No.3.20
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.20 show that under 50 respondents 70% respondents are
using the same company other products. 30% respondents are not using for other
products.
Opinion about company offers
Figure No.3.21
Interpretation
From the above figure 3.20 show that under 50 respondents 90% respondents are
saying company offers are occasionally and 10 % are never.
CHAPTER 4
FINDINGS, SUGGESETIONS
AND CONCLUSION
FINDINGS
70% of the respondents taken for study are female.
Majority of customers are aware of different brands of the product.
The reason of selecting brand is quality of product. Price is no matter.
Advertisement have an important role in making brand loyalty.
From the study majority of customers were satisfied on a particular brand.
The majority customers are purchasing curry powder from local shops.
The Majority customers are regular customers for the particular brand.
Majority of customers are regular customers of Eastern.
The customers are good opinion for brand choice.
From the study majority of customers prefer the condiment product depend on
quality.
From the study majority of customers responding price is reasonable.
Majority of customers responding packing and labeling of condiment products are
good.
The majority customers using curry powder in month 250 gram.
The customers are able to identify their condiment products according to brand
image.
The customers are good respondent the brand aware of curry powder products.
Some customers tried to give feed back to the companies.
Some customers have problem with particular brand.
80% of responding are well aware of the company.
The Eastern, Nirapara, Malayil and supernova companies are registered.
70% respondents are using same company’s other product.
The customers are did get any festival offers yet from the company.
SUGGESETIONS
This study on brand loyalty among customers of various curry powder manufacturing
companies with a specific reference to Malappuram District. Customer brand loyalty
came into enterpriser’s eyes for several years. It plays a more and more important role
in global marketing. In order to maximize profit, people try different strategies, among
which, loyalty is recognized by a large amount of businessmen. On the other hand,
some may assert that it is a challenge to achieve it. Most of all, by finding the
elements and effect of loyalty, businessmen may better understand the nature of
consumer faith. For this reason, they may overcome the trouble in building and
remaining customers reliability. In the final analysis, the technique will function
better, because more and more people will contribute themselves to study the good
method in the future.
The study revealed that majority of customers using Eastern company condiment
products. The customers prefer the product depend on quality of products. The
customers have brand awareness about their using condiment products. They are
satisfied by using products.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
WEBSITES
http://www.srcibd.com
http://wiki.answers.com
http://wiki.wikipedia.org
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE
Sir,
I am Habeeb Ahammed. student of 6th semester BBA Nasra arts and science
college Thirurkkad as a part of my course I am required to collect information for
conducting a project on the topic “a comparative study on customer satisfaction brand
loyality of curry powders with special reference to angadippuram area”. I request you
to provide required information collected through this questionnaire will be
confidential and will be used for academic purpose only.
Name :
Gender : male or female
Age :
Occupation:
1.Are you aware of different brands of curry powder available in the market?
Yes No
2.Have you ever heard any products given below ?
Eastern Nirapara Malayil supernova
3.do you have adequate knowledge about the company?
Yes No
4.whether the company is a registered one?
Yes No I don’t know
5.How do you know the curry powder products?
Friends& relatives Television Radio Newspaper
Other advertisement
6.From where do you prefer buying curry powder products ?
Company stores local shops sales person online other
7.Are you satisfied by using the particular brand ?
Highly satisfied satisfied No opinion dissatisfied
Highly dissatisfied
8.Are you a regular customer of particular brand products?
Yes No
9.If yes, which brand?
10. do you use any other products of the same company ?
Yes No
11.does the company give Any offer to you ?
Furtherly Occasionally Never
12.what is your opinion about the brand of your choice?
Very good good no opinion average bad
13.what are the reasons for selecting your favorite brand? Mark your order
preference?
Taste price quality variety of products others
14.what is your opinion about the quality of curry powders ?
Very good good No opinion average bad
15.what is your opinion about the price of the product?
Very high high no opinion average low
16.what is your opinion about the packaging and labeling of curry powdwer product?
Excellent good no opinion average bad
17. do you know about the brand awareness of your products?
Yes no
18. can you identify the brand image of the product used ?
Yes no
19.what is the quality of curry powder product you use in a month?
100g 250g 500g 1kg above 1 kg
20. do you give any feed back to the company ?
Yes No
21. do you feel any problem with your brand of curry powder?
Yes No sometimes