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LET REVIEWER FOR ENGLISH MAJOR 5. Which theory on language teaching has given birth
1. Which hypothesis of Krashen’s Monitor Model to the methods that are learner-centered, allowing
proposes that when learners are exposed to learners to work in pairs or groups in information
grammatical features a little beyond their current gap tasks and problem-solving activities where such
(i.e., I + 1), those features are “acquired”. Acquisition communication strategies as information sharing,
results from comprehensible input, which is made negotiation of meaning, and interaction are used.
understandable with the help provided by the A. Structuralism
context. B. Behaviorism
A. acquisition/learning hypothesis C. Cognitivism
B. natural order hypothesis D. Functionalism
C. input hypothesis
D. affective filter hypothesis RATIO
The functional view of language has resulted in
RATIO: communication-based methods such as
Input hypothesis proposes that when Communicative Language Teaching/Communicative
learners are exposed to grammatical features a little Approach, Notional/Functional Approach,
beyond their current (i.e., I + 1), those features are Task-Based Language Teaching.
“acquired”.
6. It is a branch of linguistics that deals with how
2. All of the following are implications of Krashen’s words combine to form phrases, phrases combine to
Monitor Model EXCEPT _____. form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
A. Teachers should correct errors during the time A. morphology
they are committed as error correction is valuable. B. syntax
B. Teachers should not insist on learners conversing C. semantics
before they feel comfortable in doing so. D. pragmatics
C. Teachers should not expect learners to learn “late
structures” such as third person singular early. RATIO
D. Teachers consider grammatical teaching is of Syntax is a branch of linguistics that deals with how
limited value. words combine to form phrases, phrases combine to
form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
RATIO:
On the spot error-correction may have negative 7. What is shown in the systematic variation of /t/
effects in terms of anxiety and inhibitions. such as /t/ in ​t​op is aspirated, /t/ is s​t​op is released,
and /t/ in po​t​ is unreleased?
3. They view the language as a system of related A. phoneme
elements or “building blocks” for the encoding of B. consonant
meaning, the elements being phonemes (sounds), C. variation
morphemes (words), tagmemes D. allophone
(phrases/sentences/clauses).
A. structuralists RATIO
B. transformationalists Allophones are variants or other ways of producing a
C. functionalists phoneme.
D. interactionalists
8. Which of the following sounds are produced by
RATIO bringing the articulators near each other such that
Structuralists believe that language is primarily the flow of air is impeded but not completely blocked.
vocal; language is system of systems, and language is The air flow through the narrow opening creates
arbitrary. friction.
A. p,b,t,d,k,g
4. Which of the following is a view of a B. f,v,Ɵ,ð,s,z,š,ẑ,h
interactionalist? C. m,n,ŋ
A. Language is primarily vocal. D. l,r
B. Language is creative.
C. Language emphasizes the meaning and RATIO
functions rather than the structures These sounds are called fricatives which are
D. Language is a vehicle for establishing produced by bringing the articulators near each other
interpersonal relationship. such that the flow of air is impeded but not
completely blocked.
RATIO
Interactionalists​ believe that language is a vehicle for 9. What is illustrated in following example? In
establishing interpersonal relations. English, the statement “Marian is a linguist” ends
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with a fall in pitch, while as a question, “Marian is a 14. What is made use in this example ​“I told Paul to
linguist?” the pitch goes up. close the door and he did so”?
A. stress A. homonymy
B. juncture B. anaphora
C. intonation C. deixis
D. suprasegmentals D. hyponymy

RATIO RATIO:
Intonation is the rise and fall of pitch which may ​Anaphora​ is a linguistic expression that refers to
contrast meanings of sentences another linguistic expression (point backwards). The
pronoun refers back to its antecedent.
10. Which of the following is an example derivational
morpheme? 15. What category of illocutionary act is
A. help​ful demonstrated in the following example? ​Recession
B. stay​s will worsen in Europe in
C. eat​en the next five years.
D. long​est A. representative
B. commissive
RATIO C. directive
Ful in helpful is a ​derivational morpheme​ which D. expressive
usually changes the form class of the words to which
they are attached. RATIO:
A ​representative​ is an utterance used to describe
11. The words “gym, mike, and TV” are formed some state of affairs: acts of stating, asserting,
through _____. denying, confessing, admitting, notifying, concluding,
A. clipping predicting, and so on.
B. back formation
C. root creation 16. What conversation maxim seems to have been
D. compounding violated in the following example?
A: How was the LET?
RATIO B: Well, the proctor is my former college
Clipping or clipped form is a shortened form of a professor.
pre-existing forms ) e.g. gym < gymnasium; mike < A. maxim of quantity
microphone, TV < television. B. maxim of quality
C. maxim of relation
12. What morphophonemic process is involved in D. maxim of manner
which units that occur in some contexts are “lost” in
others such as “l i b a r y” instead of “l i b r a r y”? RATIO:
A. assimilation Maxim of relation​ – a participant’s contribution
B. dissimilation should be related to the subject of the conversation –
C. epenthesis “Be relevant.”
D. metathesis
17. This view emphasizes that native language
RATIO comprises habits that a second language learner must
Dissimilation is a process that results in two sounds overcome. This is accomplished by forging new
becoming less alike in articulatory or acoustic terms; habits through repetition of pattern drills with
a process in which units which occur in some accompanying positive reinforcement.
contexts are “lost” in others; e.g. “l i b a r y” instead of A. Behaviorist learning theory
“l i b r a r y” B. Cognitive learning theory
C. Functional learning theory
13. Which syntactic structure is shown in the D. Holistic learning theory
following examples? ​responsible officers, trusted
friend RATIO:
A. predication Behaviorism is a systematic approach to the
B. complementation understanding of human and animal behavior. It
C. modification assumes that the behavior of a human or animal is a
D. coordination consequence of that individual's history, including
especially reinforcement and punishment, and the
RATIO individual's current motivational state and
Structure of modification​ has two components; a controlling stimuli.
head word and a modifier.
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18. Overgeneralization errors such as “goed” and trade. This scenario most accurately describes which
“keeped” are common in children’s speech. Such of the following types of language?
errors suggest that children _____. A. a dialect
A. are repeating what was said to them, and should B. a creole
take note of them C. a pidgin
B. do not know the past tense forms of those verbs, D. a regionalism
and experience difficulty
C. induce the rules for the past tense from the RATIO:
language to which they are exposed A pidgin is a simplified language that is
D. repeat the teacher’s mistakes, and those errors are developed as a means of communication between
very hard to undo two or more groups who do not have a language in
RATIO: common.
The term “​overgeneralization”​ is most often used in
connection with ​language acquisition​ by children. For 23. If the second language learner “assimilates”, then
example, a young child may say "foots" instead of he _____.
"feet," overgeneralizing the ​morphological​ rule for A. maintains its own life style and values and rejects
making ​plural nouns​. those of the target language group
B. adapts to the life style and values of the target
19. This type of language is used to describe the kind language group but maintains its own life style and
of language a learner uses at a given time, that is, his values for the intragroup use.
version of a given language, which deviates in certain C. gives up his own life style and values and adopts
ways from the language of a mature speaker. those of the target language group
A. dialect D. maximizes the use of his first language and the
B. native language target language
C. holophrastic speech
D. interlanguage RATIO:
When a language learner assimilates, he
RATIO: considers the target language as his own language.
Interlanguage is a type of ​language​ (or linguistic
system) used by ​second-​ and ​foreign-language 24. The following are the areas of knowledge and
learners who are in the process of learning a target skills of communicative competence EXCEPT _____
language. A. grammatical competence
B. sociolinguistic competence
20. According to cognitivists, errors in second C. discourse competence
language learning is considered _____. D. structural competence
A. basis for testing
B. part of learning process RATIO:
C. as proofs of unsystematic way of learning The following are the areas of communicative
D. not part of natural progression in acquisition of competence: grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse,
English and sociolinguistic.

RATIO: 25. Speaker A’s final remark functions as _____.

Error and error correction can be valuable when it Speaker A: That’s the telephone.
places the errors into the students’ focal awareness. Speaker B: I’m in the bath.
Speaker A: OK.
21. What aptly describes “universal grammar”? A. a request to answer the phone
A. language used for communication by people who B. an excuse for not complying
speak different first languages C. acceptance of an excuse
B. rules applicable to all human languages D. sarcasm
C. language with the same vocabulary, grammar, and
pronunciation 26. What is strategy is used by the second language
D. rules of grammar that distinguish one language learner in the following situation”
from the others “The student forgot the English term “train
station”. He used the phrase “the place for trains”
RATIO: instead.
The ​concept​ of universal grammar states that all A. inference
languages are built upon a common ​grammar​. B. paraphrase
C. generalization
22. At the border of two countries there is a port D. adaptation
where fishermen work. The fishermen do not speak
the same language, so they communicate using one RATIO:
that has been invented but only for the purpose of
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Paraphrasing is a restatement of a text or passage station. In their journey, Leon and Maria sang a song
giving the meaning in another form. “Sky Sown with Stars”. When they reached to their
home, Leon saw his mother and asked on where was
27. What is the message of the short story, “The his Father
Centipede” by Rony V. Diaz? Baldo went upstairs to go to his father’s room and
A. Childhood memories are treasures. told the story to their journey. And when Leon and
B. Teasing or Taunting should only be done by adults. Maria came into the father’s room, his father changed
C. Children should be responsible with what trick the topic to Labang.
they do with their siblings.
D. Childhood relationships between siblings were 29. What is the problem or conflict in the story “The
sometimes painful. Mats” by Francisco Arcellana?
A. Emilia’s indifference
SUMMARY: B. siblings’ rivalry
C. Mr. Angeles’ emotionality
When Eddie saw his sister beating his dog with a D. Hunger in the family
stick, he felt hate like a caged, angry beast in his
chest. He could not cry to his sister because she had a SUMMARY:
weak heart. He recalled the things his sister did to Mr. Angeles travelled to southern Philippines and
him. For Eddie, his sister, Delia was the meanest bought mats for his wife and children. Each mat had
creature he knew. He remembered when he was the corresponding name of all his living offspring,
furiously hit by his sister when she learned that the even those who already died. When he arrived home
leg of her doll was accidentally torn by him. from his trip, he presented the mats to his family. As
he unfolded one mat after another, he narrated the
Nothing Eddie did ever pleased her. Destroying emotions, longings and beautiful memories they had
willfully anything he liked had become a habit for her. had as a family. The sorrow heightened when the last
She even told Berto to kill his monkey because it two mats he opened were for his dead children which
snickered at her one morning, while she was made his wife reacted with grief, and told Mr.Angeles
brushing her teeth. that there was no need for him to open those mats for
Eddie did not tell anything when she told Father that the two were already dead.
she did not like Eddie's pigeon house because it stank
and he had to give away his pigeons and Berto had to At that point, Mr. Angeles cried with pain while
chop the house into kindling wood. He learned how telling his wife that his children must always be in
to hold himself because he knew they had to put up their memory no matter where they were.
with her whims to keep her calm and quiet. But when
she dumped his butterflies into a waste can and 30. What truth about life was presented in the story
burned them in the backyard, he realized that she “The Wedding Dance” by Amador Daguio?
was spiting him. A. Some men are not contented with one partner.
B. Women and men are born equal.
Eddie got a big centipede that Berto found C. Culture goes beyond love.
under the stack he chopped. He made sure that it was D. Love conquers all.
dead and placed it in a white cloth. He unwrapped
and threw it on the lap of his sister whom he hated so SUMMARY:
much. His sister collapsed. Her voice dragged off into "The Wedding Dance" by Amador Daguio, is a short
a painstaking moan.Eddie was engulfed by a sudden story about a husband and wife, Awiyao and Lumnay,
feeling of pity and guilt. He cried kneeling before her, who had been married for seven years. In spite of
telling her that the centipede was dead.. being in love with his wife, Awiyao felt the need to
marry again in order to have a son. At his second
28. What problem is pointed out by the author in the marriage celebration, Awiyao went to check on
story “How My Brother Brought Home a Wife” by Lumnay, knowing she was upset. Awiyao thought the
Manuel Arguilla? answer to Lumnay's sorrow would be to have her
A. How Filipinos live in the province join the other women during the wedding dance.
B. How Filipinos solve family problems Lumnay went out to join the wedding dance, but
C. How Filipinos are affected by new technology decided not to and left. She could not stand the idea
D. How Filipinos accept or treat a new family member of her husband marrying another woman because
she could not give him children.
SUMMARY:
Baldo waited Maria and Leon in a station so that he 31. The “Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez Benitez
would bring the two in their house. Maria met Baldo symbolizes ___________.
at the first time. Leon and Maria rode in the cart with A. the love of Esperanza for Alfredo
Baldo and Labang. B. the love of Alfredo for Julia
While they were in their journey, Leon asked Baldo C. the love of Julia for Alfredo
on who told him to meet Maria and Leon in the D. the love of Alfredo for Esperanza
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D. ghost
SUMMARY:
38. It is a generally accepted first principle of oral
interpretation that the reader must be true to
TO A LOST ONE (A) the performance space
Angela Manalang-Gloria (B) the author
(C) the method
I shall haunt you O my lost one, as the twilight (D) the audience
Haunts a re-entangled trail, (E) his or her training
And your dreams will linger strangely with the music
Of a phantom lover’s tale, RATIO:
You shall not forget, for I am past forgetting, The interpreter must care about the author’s material
I shall come to you again and must want to share it with others.
With the starlight and the scent of white champacas,
And the melody of rain. 39. Within the communication process, the area that
You shall not forget. Dust will peer into your causes the most breakdowns is _____.
Window, tragic-eyed and still, (A) interference
And unbidden, startle you into remembrance (B) feedback
With its hand upon the still. (C) the situation
(D) the channel
32. What is the poem “To a Lost One” about? (E) the message
A. An appeal to be remembered by a lover
B. A threat to a lover RATIO:
C. Beautiful memories of a dead person Only interference is a problem in and of itself.

D. A ghost that haunts a fastidious lover 40. David is preparing a speech about why Hollywood
became the center of the motion picture industry and
33. What virtue of the writer is depicted in the poem? the impact that its development as the center had on
A. forgiving filmmaking. David’s speech should be organized
B. honest using which of the following methods?
C. romantic (A) Spatial
D. faithful (B) Chronological
(C) Cause-effect
34. What does this line “I shall come to you again (D) Problem-solution
with the starlight, and the scent of champacas’? (E) Topical
A. The speaker with champacas will visit his lover at
night. RATIO:
​B. The speaker wants his lover to keep and cherish The speech answering this question could
their memories in her heart. only use the cause-effect method of organization.
C. The speaker will rise from death to remind his
lover of their sweet moments. 41. All of the following are correct descriptions of
D. The speaker wants to give his lover fresh listening behavior EXCEPT:
champacas. (A) Careful listening can lead to anticipation of a
speaker’s actions.
35. This line “You shall not forget, for I am past (B) People who learn to listen selectively can shut out
forgetting” means __________. what is undesirable.
A. The speaker wants to be left unforgotten. (C) Listening comprises more than one-half of all
B. The speaker wants his lover to forget her past. communication.
C. The speaker wants his past not to be discussed. (D) The ability to be a good listener comes naturally,
D. The speaker wants his past not to be forgotten. and no training is necessary.
(E) Being an effective communicator means that one
36. The line “I shall haunt you” has a/an __________ must listen to oneself.
tone.
A. begging RATIO:
B. appealing Effective listening requires study and
C. romantic practice.
D. commanding
42. When a group is faced with a problem requiring
37. “Lost One” may be pertained to _________. immediate action, the most effective leadership style
A. lost feeling is _____.
B. past lover (A) authoritarian
C. abandoned person (B) democratic
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(C) laissez-faire RATIO:

(D) charismatic CBI is designed to provide second-language learners
(E) permissive instruction in content and language.

RATIO: 47. It is a vocabulary strategy which involves the

Authoritarian style is most often considered process of breaking up of a word into its meaningful
appropriate and is in fact frequently welcomed by components: the root words, affixes, and suffixes.
group members due to its ability to get work done A. contextual clues
more quickly. B. structural analysis
C. summarizing
43. Schema activation is important to make sense of D. groupings
new information in light of what students already
know, and to make the necessary connection RATIO:
between the two. The following are good activities for Structural analysis is the process of breaking up parts
schema activation EXCEPT _____. of a word into its meaningful components: the root
A. constructing graphic organizer words, affixes, and suffixes.
B. previewing a passage
C. brainstorming ideas 48. Which of the following questions is best for
D. evaluating or assessing ideas activating students’ prior knowledge to feel that they
somehow connected to the topic “snakes” being
RATIO: studied?
It is NOT a good activity for schema activation. A. What do you know about snakes? What snakes are
Evaluation and assessment of idea can come after common in your area?
schema activation. B. What according to the selection are the types of
snakes?
44. The following are concerns of teaching reading C. What did the writer suggest to the person who was
EXCEPT _____. bitten by snakes to do?
A. vocabulary development D. What is the importance of animals such as snakes
B. comprehension development in ecosystem?
C. output development
D. application RATIO:
Before discussing a text, discuss the topic that will be
RATIO: covered. Have the students share what they already
C is correct. It is not a concern of teaching reading. know about the topic.

45. The following are principles for designing 49. If the students think about the knowledge of their
effective and interesting reading lessons EXCEPT own thoughts and the factors that influence their
_____. thinking, they are engaged in the process of _____.
A. For reading lessons to be interesting and A. artistic thinking
motivating they must focus on simple themes. B. metacognition
B. Instructional activities have a teaching rather than C. higher-order thinking
a testing focus. D. critical thinking
C. Lessons should be divided into pre-reading, during
reading, and post-reading. RATIO:
D. The major activity of the reading lesson is students Metacognition is "thinking about one’s thinking."
reading texts.
50. Mrs. Torres wants to find out her students’
RATIO: schema about storm surge. On the board she writes
Effective reading lesson should require students to the words “storm surge” and encircles them. She,
do tasks that are complex. then, asks her students what they know about storm
surge, and helps them cluster the information. What
46. Content-Based Instruction (CBI) is based on the technique does Mrs. Torres use?
common underlying principle that successful A. demonstration
language learning occurs when students are B. vocabulary building
presented with target language material in a C. semantic mapping
meaningful, contextualized form, with the primary D. deductive reasoning
focus on _____.
A. understanding the lessons RATIO:
B. acquiring information and knowledge Semantic mapping provides a visual guide for
C. making connections between what they learn at students to clarify textual information.
school and what they learn outside the school
D. making meaning from what they learn
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51. The underlined verbs in the following sentences RATIO:

are classified as _____. Choice C does not use verbal (gerund,
The time ​is​ now. infinitive, participle).
The world ​became​ flesh.
We ​remain​ silent. 56. What type of mood is indicated in this sentence:
“How did you come to know about that tragic event?”
A. intransitive A. indicative
B. reflexive B. subjunctive
C. transitive C. imperative
D. ascriptive D. directive

RATIO RATIO
The verbs are called ascriptive verbs because they Indicative mood states the fact or supposition; asks a
are followed by a noun phrase, adjective phrase, or question.
adverb of place or time (which may be a
prepositional phrase). T 57. The sentence “The child cried when his toy car got
broken” follows ____ pattern.
52. Which of the following is the true description of A. N InV
an auxiliary verb? B. N LV Adj.
A. It is used to complete the verb phrase in certain C. N TrV N
constructions such as the emphatic, the​ n ​ egative, the D. N InV Adv.
passive, or the perfect and progressive aspects.
B. It occurs before the main verb, and denotes 58. “Mario, my older brother, ​fathers​ there good
modification of the basic meaning of the main verb. looking and smart children.” The underlined word
C. It belongs to several classifications of verbs. It may functions as _____.
take an impersonal ​it​ as a subject. A. a noun
D. It is followed by noun or noun phrase functioning B. a verb
as its direct object. C. an adjective
D. a possessive
RATIO:
Auxiliary (or Helping) verbs are used together with a 59. Which of the following adjective phrases is
main ​verb​ to show the verb’s tense or to form a syntactically correct?
negative or question. A. the most unique
B. nearly unique
53. What preferred tense is used for “stage directions C. the very much unique
and synopses? D. less unique
A. present
B. past RATIO:
C. future “Unique” is an example of an absolute adjective that
D. present perfect do not admit comparative degree.

54. The word “just” in the sentence below indicates 60. Which of the following is a gradable adjective?
_____. A. absolute
“She has ​just​ eaten.” B. clear
A. an action that was true in the past and is still C. complete
relevant to the present D. impossible
B. a recently completed action
C. an action which was completed before another RATIO:
past action Gradable adjective is an adjective that can be
D. an action continuing at a given point in time compared.

RATIO: 61. Which sentence has ​ditransitive​ verb?

One of the ideas expressed in a present A. Those guys are highly intelligent group of
perfect tense verb is a recently completed action. engineers.
B. Those mean boys tried to throw a rock through our
55. All of the following contains verbal EXCEPT _____. windows.
A. Satisfied, the producer began paying the artists. C. Nobody will believe a ruffian like you.
B. Having recovered her voice, the soprano hit her D. My mother gave me this cardigan for Christmas.
top notes well.
C. Your mom arrived after you had gone. RATIO:
D. To see is to believe. A ditransitive verb requires both direct and an
indirect object.
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RATIO:
62. “When we arrived, they gave us badges.” Which of Rising Intonation /2, 3/ or ​↑
the following questions should be asked to find the An intonation pattern that begins at /2/, rises to /3/
direct object? at the primary sentence stress, and stays there to the
A. What did we do? end of the utterance is a rising intonation pattern.
B. When did we arrive?
C. What did they give us? 68. Which of the following sentences does NOT
D. Who gave us badges? observe correct subject-verb agreement?
A. The ​mayor​ as well as his brothers is going to
RATIO: prison.
Direct Object answers the ​question​ "What?" or B. Neither of the two traffic lights is working.
"Whom?" after an action verb. C. My assets were wiped out in the depression.
D.​ Neither the​ p
​ lates​ ​nor the serving​ b
​ owl​ ​go​ ​on that
63. All of the following contain operator verbs shelf.
EXCEPT ____.
A. My father approves your marriage proposal. RATIO:
B. Will your father approve my marriage proposal? The verb in an “​or, either/or,​ or ​neither/nor-​sentence”
C. My father won’t approve your marriage proposal. agrees with the noun or pronoun closest to it.
D. Your father will approve my marriage proposal,
won’t he? 69. The pronoun in this sentence is _____.
“When she arrived, Suad was surprised to find
RATIO: her apartment door open.
An operator verb has 3 main functions: A. cataphoric B. anaphoric C.
It precedes the negative; deitic D. coreferential
It is the verb of yes-no question.
It is also the verb of tag questions. RATIO:
A cataphoric reference unit refers to another unit
64. Each person’s vocabulary is a continuum. On the that is introduced later on in the text/speech.
one end of the continuum are words the person
knows very well and for which he has a full rich 70. The underlined word in this sentence functions as
understanding of their various meanings. On the ______.
other end of the continuum are _____. “We elected him ​chairman​.”
A. words he enjoys using regularly A. direct object B. indirect object C.
B. new words that he has learned both the spelling objective complement D. predicate nominative
and meaning for
C. words he doesn’t recognize RATIO:
D. words he can recognize and figure out the meaning An objective complement is a noun, adjective, or
of based on context pronoun used in the predicate as complement to a
verb and as qualifier of its direct object.
RATIO
Words at the opposite of the continuum are words a 71). Which of the following words is derived from a
person can understand with the help of context clues. French word?
A. Armadillo
65. Which of the following does NOT function as a B. Geography
pronoun? C. Poultry
A. I B. we C. you D. Laser
D. my
RATIO:
66. The President ​himself​ promised to stop the war. The word “poultry” is derived from the
The underlined word is ______ pronoun. French word “poulet”.
A. an interrogative B. an intensive C. a
reflexive D. a reciprocal 72. The style of writing employed in this passage can
be best described as _____.
RATIO: A. standard English
We use a reflexive pronoun when we want to refer C. jargon
back to the subject of the sentence or clause. B. formal English
D. dialect
67. The question “Is he coming?” has a _____
intonation. The stars were shining, and the leaves rustled
A. falling B. sustained C. in the woods ever so mournful; and I heard an owl,
rising D. melodic away off, who-whooing about somebody that was
dead, and a whippowill and a dog crying about
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somebody that was going to die; and the wind was B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
trying to whisper something to me, and I couldn’t C. War and Peace
make out what it was, and so it made the cold shivers D. Paradise Lost
run over me.​ -The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by
Mark Twain RATIO:
Milton’s Paradise Lost which was published
RATIO: in 1667 in Modern English. through elimination.
“The passage use words in a regional dialect
of English. 78. The line is an example of ____.
I. apostrophe
73. The author’s use of language in this passage helps II. personification
to demonstrate the speaker’s ____ III. hyperbole
A. lack of intelligence C. IV. metonymy
good-heartedness
B. lack of education II only
D. confusion I and II only
I, II, and IV only
RATIO: II and IV only
Huck is uneducated..
“They tell me you are wicked and I believe
74. The author uses imagery in this section to them, for I have seen your painted women
illustrate Huck’s _____. under the gas lamps luring the farm boys.
A. fear and loneliness ​Chicago by Carl Sandburg
B. awareness of his environment
C. loss of his father RATIO:
D. moral dilemma The “You” in this line is Chicago itself. This is
a form of apostrophe and personification.
RATIO:
The imagery in this selection helps to 79. This poem is most likely influenced by which of
illustrate Huck’s isolation and fear. the following?
A. Industrialization
75. When doing research on the life of an important B. Increased immigration
figure, you would probably give more credence to a C. Western expansion
biography than you would to an autobiography, due D. World War II patriotism
to memoirist’s _____.
A. verbosity Hog Butcher for the World
B. creativity Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,
C. subjectivity Player with Railroads and the Nation’s
D. experiences Freight Handler;
Stormy, husky, brawling,
The subjectivity of the author in writing his City of the Big Shoulders:
own life-story can be a problem. Chicago by Carl Sandburg

76. Which type of logical fallacy is demonstrated by RATIO:

this argument? This poem is written during the early 1990s, a
It is essential that we reject the proposed time Chicago experienced increased industrialization.
changes to the company’s insurance plan. If we don’t
protest against these changes now, we’ll soon end up 80. The poetry of Walt Whitman is significant in the
with no health coverage at all. development of American literature primarily
A. slippery slope because he _____.
B. red herring A. used the epic form to tell distinctly American tales
C. strawman B. developed his own poetic form and style instead of
D. circular reasoning adhering to the traditional poetic forms
C. commemorated in verse the lives of public leaders
RATIO: like Abraham Lincoln.
The slippery slope argument involves D. was heavily influenced by Emerson’s call for a new
reasoning that because of an initial event, a second national poet.
event, more extreme event must inevitable follow.
RATIO:
77. Which of the following works of literature was Walt Whitman’s “Leaves of the Grass” departs
originally written in Modern English? from the metered, traditional poetic forms.
A. The Decameron
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81. The following words: edit from editor, and beg 86. Which sentence has error in punctuation?
from beggar are formed through _____. A. “You’re a great friend,” Jose said.
A. blending B. back formation B. Judith, my best friend went to a concert last Friday.
C. derivation D. clipping C. I have a lot of work to do; as such, I left for work a
few minutes early.
RATIO: D. According to the radio, surface streets were the
Back​-f​ ormation​ i​ s the process of forming a best alternative to the congested freeways.
new word (a neologism) by extracting actual or
supposed affixes from another word. RATIO:
An appositive phrase should be separated
(1) The themes of liberty and freedom are central to from the noun it renames and other words in the
much of American literature, particularly the sentence with a comma before and after it.
literature produced during the American
Renaissance. (2) As the issues of women’s rights and 87. Unprepared for such a strong rebuttal, _____.
abolition came to the forefront of the American A. the lawyer’s attempt at winning the case failed
consciousness, writers delved deep into an B. the lawyer’s attempt failed to win the case
exploration of the meaning of freedom for the ​C. the lawyer failed to win the case
country and for individuals. (3) Three such writers D. the lawyer failed in his attempt to win the case
from this time period who focus on issues of freedom
are Margaret Fuller, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and RATIO:
Harriet Jacobs. (4) Each of these writers develop an Both C and D use active voice, but it is only C
answer to the question posed by Stowe in Uncle that is not redundant.
Tom’s Cabin: “Liberty! – electric world! What is it?”
88. ______ on the MTRCB to take action.
82 . Which of the following sentences should be A. Whenever television is denounced by viewers for
revised in order to correct an error? its violence, they call
A. Sentence 1, to correct an error in comma use B. Whenever television is denounced for its violence,
B. Sentence 2, to correct an error in apostrophe use viewers call
C. Sentence 3, to correct an error in comma use C. Whenever viewers denounce television for its
D. Sentence 4, to correct an error in agreement violence, they call
D. Whenever a denunciation of television is voiced,
RATIO: they call
The subject “each” which is an indefinite
pronoun singular in meaning should take the singular RATIO:
verb “develops”. Only C uses active voice. Regular English
sentences mostly use active voice.
83. Which of the following English words is most
commonly pronounced with the vowel sound /ə/ 89. Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, has
(i.e., schwa)? been called a “tragedy of the common man” because
A. where B. who C. what it _____.
D. why A. depicts the fall from grace of an important person
B. fits Aristotle formal definition of tragedy
RATIO: C. gives an ordinary salesman’s life weight and
“What” has the schwa sound which is meaning
identified as central, neutral and relaxed. D. is written in a poetic and serious style

84. Why do most fathers prefer a son _____ a daughter RATIO:

for his first-born child? Miller’s play gave the importance to an
A. to B. than C. from ordinary salesman who was opposite to the character
D. over in a traditional play.

RATIO: 90. He holds the distinction of being the first Asian to

“Prefer to” means to like or want somebody receive the Nobel Prize for literature.
or something more than somebody or something A. Wole Soyinka
else. B. Yasunari Kawabata
C. Po Chu-I
85. I am going to sit and rest _______. D. Rabindranath Tagore
A. a little bit B. a while C. a
little more D. awhile RATIO:
Tagore won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1913.
RATIO:
Awhile (​written as one word​) is an adverb.
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91. Which outline correctly organizes and categorizes B. Elizabeth D. the

information pertaining to the work of William author
Shakespeare?
RATIO:
A. I. Plays The clues “you were my father, my creator,” and
a. Tragedies “then cast me abroad an object for the scorn and
1. King Lear… horror of mankind” indicate that was the monster
b. Histories who was speaking.
1. Richard III…
c. Comedies 93. “A part of its orb was at length hid, and I waved
1. Twelfth Night… my brand; it sank, and with a loud scream I fired the
II. Poems straw, and heath, and bushes, which I had collected.”
-​from Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley
B. I. Plays Which of the following is a correct restatement of the
a. Tragedies above?
1. Hamlet… A. When my branding iron sank, I screamed and shot
b. Poems at the bushes.
1. My Mistress’ Eyes… B. When the moon set, I screamed and burned the
c. Comedies cottage.
1. All’s Well That Ends Well… C. When I could not find the orb, I screamed and
II. Histories kicked at the straw and the bushes.
D. I waited until the sun set, then I screamed and set
C. I. Plays fire to the forest.
a. Tragedies
1. Comedies RATIO:
b. Histories The orb described here is the moon.
1. Henry V…
c. Poems 94. A Marxist interpretation of “Waiting for Godot”
1. Not Marble Nor the Gilded Monuments… would probably focus on _____.
II. The Tempest A. the poverty and despair of its working-class
characters
D. I. Plays B. the use of archetypes in the portrayals of the
a. Tragedies characters
1. Hamlet… C. the power imbalances in the relationships of the
b. Histories characters
1. King Lear… D. the reliance of the two main characters on the
c. Comedies eventual arrival of a “savior”
1. Titus Adronicus…
II. Poems RATIO:
Marxist theory is that all relationships are
RATIO: power relationships, based on economic class
The two broadest categories, labelled I, II, standing.
should be plays and poems.
95. In paragraph below, the characters, Mandy Ringer
But how was I direct myself? I knew that I and Dr. Clevenger, are mentioned in order to
must travel in a southwesterly direction to reach my emphasize which point about “Sapphira and the Slave
destination, but the sun was only guide. I did not Girl”?
know the names of the towns that I was to pass A. A number of the characters in the novel are based
through, nor could I ask information from a single on people Cather knew in her childhood.
human being; but I did not despair. From you only B. The novel displays Cather’s mixed feelings about
could I hope for succor, although towards you I felt slavery.
no sentiment but that of hatred. Unfeeling, heartless C. Cather took four years to complete the novel
creator! You had endowed me with perceptions and because she carefully researched her characters.
passions and then cast me abroad an object for the D. One of Cather’s purposes in writing the novel was
scorn and horror of mankind. But on you only had I to paint a full portrait of life in rural Virginia in the
any claim for pity and redress, and from you I years
determined to seek that justice which I vainly before the Civil War.
attempted to gain from any other being that wore the E. The characters in the novel are portrayed in a
human form. ​-from Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley positive light since Cather was a great admirer of the
92. The narrator of this passage is _____. old South.
A. Victor C. the
monster
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The following passage analyzes one of Willa Cather’s The author mentions two characters who are
(1873-1947) novels. included mainly to help complete Cather’s portrait of
rural Virginia. D is a good match and is the correct
Sapphira and the Slave Girl was the last novel answer.
of Willa Cather’s illustrious literary career. Begun in
the late summer of 1937 and finally completed in 96. In context, “a bit of a romantic” suggests that
1941, it is often regarded by critics as one of her most Willa Cather ____.
personal works. Although the story takes place in A. condemned the evils of slavery
1856, well before her birth, she drew heavily on vivid B. favored the past over the present
childhood memories and tales handed down by older C. disliked writing about life in the 1030s
relatives to describe life in rural northern Virginia in D. denounced certain aspects of the 19​th​-century life
the middle of the 19​th​ century. She even went on an E. exaggerated the evils of earlier generations
extended journey to the area to give the story a
further ring of authenticity. RATIO:
The last paragraph refers to Cather as “a bit of
Of all Cather’s many novels, Sapphira and the a romantic” who cherished past creativity over the
Slave Girl is the one most concerned with providing present emptiness.
an overall picture of day-to-day life in a specific era. A
number of the novel’s characters, it would seem, are 97. The works of Charles Dickens, Harriet Beecher
included in the story only because they are Stowe, and Upton Sinclair _______.
representative of the types of people to be found in A. examined 19​th​-century cultural values
19​th​-century rural Virginia; indeed, a few of them play B. broke with the literary traditions of the past
no part whatsoever in the unfolding of the plot. For C. fought against the mistreatment of the working
instance, we are introduced to a poor white woman, class
Mandy Ringer, who is portrayed as intelligent and D. awakened readers to social wrongs
content, despite the fact that she has no formal
education and must toil constantly in the fields. And RATIO:
we meet Dr. Clevenger, a country doctor who, with D is the only choice general enough to apply to all
his patrician manners, evokes a strong image of the three authors.
pre-Civil War South.
98. The writing style used by Salman Rushdie and
The title, however, accurately suggests that Gabriel Garcia Marquez is most often referred to as
the novel is mainly about slavery. Cather’s attitude _______.
toward this institution may best be summed up as A. Stream of Consciousness
somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, she displays C. Social Realism
almost total indifference to the legal and political ​B. Magical Realism
aspects of slavery when she misidentifies certain D. Minimalism
crucial dates in its growth and development. Nor
does she ever really offer a direct condemnation, of RATIO:
slavery. Yet, on the other hand, the evil that was Marquez and Rushdie share a writing style which is
slavery gets through to us, albeit in typically subtle “Magical Realism
ways. Those characters, like Mrs. Blake, who oppose
the institution are portrayed in a sympathetic light. 99. At the border of two countries there is a port
Furthermore, the suffering of the slaves themselves where fishermen work. The fishermen do not speak
and the pretty, nasty, often cruel, behavior of the the same language, so they communicate using one
slaveowners are painted in stark terms. that has been invented by them for the purpose of
trade. This scenario above most accurately describes
Although Sapphira and the Slave Girl was which of the following types of language?
certainly not meant to be a political tract, the novel is A. dialect B. creole C.
sometimes considered to be a denunciation of bygone pidgin D. regionalism
days. Nothing could be further from the truth. In spite
of her willingness to acknowledge that particular RATIO:
aspects of the past were far from ideal, Willa Cather A pidgin is a simplified language that
was, if anything, a bit of a romantic. Especially in the develops as a means of communication between two
final years of her life, an increasing note of anger or more groups that do not have a language in
about the emptiness of the present crept into her common.
writings. Earlier generations, she concluded, had
been the real heroes, the real creators of all that was 100. He is known as the sky and thunder god in
good in America. ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods
and goddesses of Mt. Olympus
RATIO: A. Hephaestus B. Zeus C. Poseidon
D. Hades
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D. Psyche left the house without her husband

RATIO: permission.
In Greek mythology, Zeus is the God of the sky, the
ruler of the Olympian gods, and spiritual father of PART of the STORY:
gods and mortals. The Roman equivalent is Jupiter. Psyche had not yet seen her destined husband, Cupid.
He came only in the hours of darkness and fled before
101. The Titanomachy was a ten-year series of battles the dawn of morning, but his accents were full of
fought in ​Thessaly​, also known as the War of the love, and inspired a like passion in her. She often
Titans, Battle of the Titans, Battle of the Gods, or just begged him to stay and let her behold him, but he
the Titan War. Zeus freed his brothers and sisters would not consent. Her sisters who also were curious
from their father, Cronus. This shows that the Greeks told her that her husband was a monster that was
value _____. why he would not allow reveal himself. So, one night
I. bravery when her husband had fallen into his first sleep, she
II. respect silently rose and uncovering her lamp beheld not a
III. persistence hideous monster, but the most beautiful and
IV. change charming of the gods, with his golden ringlets
wandering over his snowy neck and crimson cheek,
A. 1 and II only B. II and III only with two dewy wings on his shoulders, whiter than
C. 1 and IV only D. II and IV only snow, and with shining feathers like the tender
blossoms of spring.
RATIO:
Zeus rescued his brothers and sisters, and 105. Anthropomorphism is the attribution of a
then started a war against his father, and the Titans. human form, human characteristics, or human
Their winning was greatly attributed to Zeus. As a behaviour to nonhuman things, e.g. deities in
sign of respect for Zeus bravery he was considered as mythology and animals in children’s stories. What
the ruler of Mt. Olympus. trait is this?
A. ​Anthropomorphic B. Ethereal
102. In the ​Middle Ages​ and ​Renaissance​, it was C. God-like D. Anthropocentrism
commonly described as a symbol of purity and grace,
which could only be captured by a virgin. RATIO​:
A. Troll B. Dragon Anthropomorphism is the ​showing​ or ​treating​ of
C. Kappa D. Unicorns animals​, ​gods​, and ​objects​ as if they are ​human​ in
appearance​, ​character​, or ​behaviour​:
RATIO:
In the ​Middle Ages​ and ​Renaissance​, unicorn was 106. Philippine mythology and superstitions are very
commonly described as an extremely wild ​woodland diverse. It includes a collection of tales and
creature, a symbol of purity and grace, which could superstitions about magical creatures and entities
only be captured by a virgin. like _____
A. kapre, aswang, matruculan, duwende,
103. He was a fearless warrior & and king who one tiyanak, etc.
day saw the emptiness of his life and turned his back B. sirena, syokoy, dugong, etc.
on it, becoming a wanderer and ​sadhu.​ He refused to C. cherubs, Seraphims, Cherubims, thrones,
return to the world that is why he is often alluded to guardian angels, etc.
as having refused the responsibility. D. Malakas at Maganda, Maria Makiling, etc.
A. King Minos B. King Muchukunda
C. King Rama D. Jason RATIO:
To this day, Philippine ​myths​ still have an active role
RATIO: in the lives of rural Filipinos. The countless myths
Muchukunda (cited in Mahabarata & circulating throughout the Filipino countryside
Parunas) saw the emptiness of his life and turned his contain a large variety of mythical creatures.
back on it, becoming a wanderer and ​sadhu​. He
refused to return to the world. 107. In Greek mythology, she was the most beautiful
woman in the world. A daughter of the god Zeus*, she
104​. The story of Cupid and Psyche depicts undying is best known for the part she played in causing the
and devotion. What was Psyche’s mistake that Trojan War.​ S​ ome scholars suggest that she was also
according to Cupid was a betrayal? a very ancient goddess associated with trees and
A. Psyche got infatuated with Zues. birds.
B. Psyche believed her sisters persuasion that A. Penelope, queen of Ithaca
her lover was an ugly beast and would kill her. B. Persephone, queen of the underworld
C. Psyche disobeyed her husband when she C. Helen of Troy
enlightened his face in the middle of the night. D. Hera, queen of Olympus
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RATIO:
The mythological background of the Trojan war, RATIO:
Helen was the most beautiful mortal woman in the The .org extension means that the site may belong to
world. a nonprofit organization.

108. When ​Paris​ abducted Helen to ​Troy​, all the Greek 112. In preparation for a writing unit on short stories,
princes ​were​ bound by the oath to ​help​ Menelaus a teacher presents students with several examples of
recover Helen. Athena and Hera who were not chosen short stories and works with them to identify
by Paris sided with the Greeks who sent one defining characteristics of the genre. Which of the
thousand ships to ​Troy​ to. What does this indicate? following best describes this instructional strategy?
A. conferencing
A. Serious decisions have serious B. discipline-based inquiry
consequences. C. self-regulated strategy development
B. Paris was wrong in choosing Aphrodite as D. introduction-body-conclusion strategy
winner.
C. Hera and Athena harboured ill feelings. RATIO:
D. Zeus ordered the goddesses to take side in Discipline-based inquiry is the practice of learning
the war. about a writing form by dissecting it and
investigating its parts.
109​. He was the son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of
Artemis. He was the god of music, and he is often 113. In a holistic evaluation of student essays,
depicted playing a golden lyre. He was also known as evaluations are made on the basis of the _____
the Archer, far shooting with a silver bow; the god of A. overall quality of number and variety of errors
healing, giving the science of medicine to man; the made by each student
god of light; and the god of truth. B. overall quality of number of sentences, length and
A. Mars B. Neptune complexity demonstrated in each essay
C. Jupiter D. Apollo C. overall ability of each student to communicate in a
variety of discourse modes
RATIO: D. overall quality of each student’s essay in relation to
Apollo, in Greek and Roman mythology, is the god of the topic
prophecy, sunlight, music, and healing. He was the
son of Zeus and Leto, and Artemis was his twin sister. RATIO
Holistic evaluation is based on the integration of
110. Which of the following is the best description of different elements of writing.
traditional phonics instruction?
A. Students study lists of high-frequency words in 114. What literary theory or approach is shown in the
order to increase reading speed and comprehension. following passage?
B. Students are taught individual letter sounds and A. Feminist Criticism
the rules of combining the sounds together to make B. Psychoanalytic Theory
words C. Reader-Response Criticism
C. Students are immersed in written language, and is D. Romantic Theory
encourage to decode entire words using context
clues. The difficulties involved in the governess’s effort to
D. Students analyze patterns of organization and create a space for herself outside of patriarchal
syntax as a way of learning to recognize common boundaries are metaphorically represented in her
structures. struggle for the children. While she believes she is
engaged in a battle with the ghosts for the children’s
RATIO: souls, she is also, symbolically, involved in
B is a typical definition of traditional phonics overcoming patriarchal definitions of womanhood.
instruction. Rejecting the ineffectual role played by Mrs. Grose,
the respectable matron character, the governess
111. A student is conducting a research project and attempts to define herself against the sexualized
has learned of a website that may have useful whose figure, Miss Jessel, as she tries, to supplant the
information. The domain extension for the site is .org. male-authority figure, Peter Quint. Neitherof these
Which of the following assumptions about the roles can help her in her struggle for a subject
website is correct? position, however, as is made clear when the
A. All of the information on the site is current. governess cannot replace Miss Jessel for Flora, or
B. The site has been evaluated for bias and might Quint for Miles.
belong to a profit agency..
C. The site might belong to a nonprofit agency. RATIO:
D. The author of the site is well respected in his or
field.
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Feminist Literary Criticism as shown in the Most of basal readers are phonics-based.
paragraph focuses on the representation of women in
literature. 118. A parent walks into a classroom and sees the
children in groups, each gathered around a poster
115. What literary theory or approach is shown in the board. The children are writing ideas on the poster
following passage? board in what looks like graffiti (writing on walls) to
A. Marxist Literary theory the parent. When the parent asks the teacher what
B. Psychoanalytic Theory the children are doing, the teacher is likely to explain
C. Postmodern Literary Theory that ___.
D. Deconstruction A. this is playtime, and the children need playtime
because recess has been taken out of the program
Not only James’s governess fit the classic B. the children are involved in brainstorming, which
profile of the female sexual hysteric, she also is part of the prewriting stage of the writing process
experiences the “hysterical fit” observed by C. invented spelling and graffiti type expression is
turn-of-the-century clinicians. That her first important to the child’s development
hallucination precipitates a “nervous explosion” of D. the children are creating final versions of posters
some intensity is clear from her own account. Like to be displayed in the school fair.
that of the classic hysteric, her “mental activity...is
split up, and only a part of it is conscious.” Her initial RATIO:
fantasy of her handsome employer is conscious, but The scenario describes the prewriting activity of
his transformation into a figure embodying her fear brainstorming.
of sexuality is generated by deep-rooted unconscious
inhibitions. 119. Each of the following is an effective strategy for
a teacher who is facilitating a whole-class discussion
RATIO: EXCEPT _____.
Psychoanalytic Theory focuses more about A. having the students sit in a circle instead of
the author’s life than the reader’s life. traditional rows
B. breaking the class into smaller discussion groups
116. What literary theory or approach is shown in the before concluding the whole-class discussion
following passage? C. pausing and allowing silence to promote student
A. Deconstruction participation
B. Psychoanalytic Theory D. ensuring that all questions require
C. Reader-Response Criticism simple-sentence answers
D. Marxist Literary Theory
RATIO:
What is even more troublesome is D is the only option that does NOT help a
disagreement among critics about just what teacher facilitate a whole class discussion.
standards are to be applied. Two “straight” readers,
seeing the ghosts as real and the story as an attempt 120. Which of the following activities will best help a
to “turn the screws” of horror as thrillingly as teacher collect data that will inform instruction to
possible, might flatly disagree with each other about meet the individual needs of students?
whether the literary experience of thrilling horror is A. concentric circles
good or bad for “us,” or for a given immature reader, B. K-W-L chart
or for a former governess now incarcerated in a C. book pass
mental institution. D. reciprocal teaching
Because of all this variety, we have to ask our
questions as if we were dealing not with one ​The RATIO:
Turn of the Screw​ but many different ones. The K-W-L chart can be used to document
what students know, what they want to know, and
RATIO: what they learned.
In Reader-Response Criticism, literature has no
fixed-single meaning. 121. When doing a cloze (fill-in-the-blank) activity,
the teacher should _____.
117 (60 something). If a teacher uses only basal A. leave the first and the last sentence intact
readers for teachings her students to read, she is B. give students the freedom to make up the first and
most likely believes in _____. last sentences
Primarily a whole language approach C. spell words wrong to see if the students can catch
Primarily a phonics approach them
A mixture of a whole language and phonics D. always use the first paragraph of the book
Individualized reading instruction
RATIO:
RATIO:
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A is correct as it is the first rule of using an Is kingly: thousands at His bidding speed,
interactive cloze activity. And post o’er land and ocean without rest;
They also serve who only stand and wait.”
122. The main reason for doing a cloze
(fill-in-the-blank) activity with the children before A. Elizabethan
reading a book is for the purpose of providing a/an B. Petrarchan
_____. C. English
A. familiarity and identification of the characters in D. Spenserian
the book for comprehension
B. setting for the book to serve for the students to RATIO:
want to read the book Petrarchan sonnet is form of poetry that has an 8-line
C. anticipatory set that will make the children be stanza with the rhyme scheme abbaabba followed by
curious enough to want to read the book 6 lines with various rhyme schemes, usually cdcdcd
D. worksheet to grade that shows the students’ or cdede.
vocabulary development
125. He is the pioneer in serial literature which is a
RATIO: printed format by which a single larger work, often a
The purpose of a cloze-activity is to get the students work of narrative fiction is published in sequential
interested in the story and thus want to read. installments.
A. Ernest Hemingway
123. Which of the following best expresses the B. Arthur Miller
author’s attitude toward Lord Russell’s definition of a C. Charles Dickens
proverb? D. Rudyard Kipling
A. dismissive
B. sceptical RATIO:
C. exuberant Charles Dickens pioneered the serial publication.
D. favorable
E. Loyal 126. Using the Romantic Theory, the similitude and
dissimilitude in this poem is _____.
Proverbs are hard to define, but one could do worse A. beauty in isolation
than the pithy definition offered by an 18​th​-century B. humility in pride
British statesman, Lord John Russell. A proverb, C. abundance in poverty
Russell is said to have remarked at breakfast, is “one D. enjoyment in despair
man’s wit and all men’s wisdom.” Proverbs have been
identified in all the world’s spoken languages, and – She Dwelt Among The Untrodden Ways
unlike Lord Russell’s adage – they are almost always William Wordsworth
anonymous. Interestingly, similar sayings seem to
have developed independently in many parts of the She dwelt among the untrodden ways
world. For example, the English saying, “A bird in the Beside the springs of Dove,
hand is worth two in the bush,” has counterparts in A maid whom there were none to praise
Romania, Spain, and Iceland. And very few to love:

RATIO: A violet by a mossy stone

The author cites Russell’s definition because Half hidden from the eye!
he considers it a good one. Fair as a star, when only one
Is shining in the sky.
124. What type of sonnet is illustrated Milton’s poem
“When I Consider How My Light Is Spent? She lived unknown, and few could know
When Lucy ceased to be;
When I Consider How My Light Is Spent But she is in her grave, and oh,
The difference to me!
When I consider how my light is spent,
Ere half my days in this dark world and wide, RATIO:
And that one talent which is death to hide Lucy was not well-known, she had few friends, but
Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent she made a difference in the life of the speaker. The
To serve therewith my Maker, and present metaphor portrays Lucy’s beauty that only a few saw.
My true account, lest He returning chide;
“Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?” 127. The use of the imagination is evident in the
I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent poem through the employment simply of _____.
That murmur, soon replies, “God doth not need A. synecdoche and metonymy
Either man’s work or His own gifts. Who best B. personification and hyperbole
Bear His mild yoke, they serve Him best. His state C. allusion and litotes
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D. simile and metaphor

RATIO:
The second stanza uses simile and metaphor.

128. The romantic theorists will like the poem

because _____.
A. the subject matter is relatively simple,
straightforward language
B. it emphasizes the importance of nature as a whole
C. it illustrates the important lesson in life
D. the use of literary devices in the poem is very
interesting

RATIO:
For Romantic theorist, the subject matter and
the language of a poem should be simple.

129. Based from the poem, a reader can infer that

Romantic poets such Wordsworth sees
A. the city is more romantic than the country
B. the city is a place of vice and other worldly things
C. the country is a place of virtue
D. the country is the most ideal since it is near the
nature

RATIO:
The surroundings described in the poem are rural.

130. Which stanza implies that Lucy is an interesting

woman?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. None of the above

RATIO:
The word “springs” is associated with life and purity.