Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.

3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

Content :
___________________________________________________________

3.1 Simple Hydraulic Devices :

a. Working principles, construction and applications of Hydraulic jack, Hydraulic

Crane, Hydraulic lift, Hydraulic press.

3.2 Other Pumping Devices :

a. Construction and working of positive displacement pumps used in hydraulic

circuits : Gear type, Vane type, plunger types (Swash plate, bent axis, axial and
radial).Comparison of above pumps for various characteristics and their applications.

Unit Outcomes (UOs)

3a. Explain with sketch the working of the given hydraulic device.
3b. Explain with sketch the working of the given pump.
3c. Differentiate the given pumps on the basis of the given characteristics.
3d. Differentiate the given pumps on the basis of the given applications.

___________________________________________________________

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs)

CO 3 : Evaluate capacities of simple hydraulic and other pumping devices.

___________________________________________________________

3.1 Simple Hydraulic Devices :

They are devices in which power is transmitted with the help of fluid.

All these devices are works on the principle of fluid statics and fluid kinematics./
Pascal’s Law which states that, “ The intensity of pressure at any point in a fluid at
rest is same in all directions”. In other words when a certain pressure is applied at
any point in fluid at rest the pressure is equally transmitted in all directions and to
every other point in the fluid.

1.Hydraulic press.

2.Hydraulic jack

3.Hydraulic Crane

4.Hydraulic lift

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

OR

Working principle of hydraulic press :

Consider ram and plunger operating in two cylinders of different diameters

which are interconnected at the bottom through a chamber which is filled with
some liquid. Let, A be the area of Ram and, a be the area of plunger. If F is the
force applied to the plunger then corresponding pressure intensity developed is P
(F/a). But, according to Pascal’s law, the same pressure intensity will be
transmitted throughout the liquid, and therefore the Ram will also be subjected to
the same pressure intensity. Accordingly, If W is the total weight lifted by the Ram
then W = ( P X A) and hence

P = F/a = W/A
W = F X (A/ a)

It may be seen that, by applying a small force F on the plunger, a large force W may
be developed at the Ram. As such by suitable adjusting the area of the plunger and
the Ram even a small force may be multiplied many times.

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

Hydraulic Crane :

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur. 
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur. 

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  

Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

Applications of swash plate type pump :

1. Used to power the hydraulic systems of jet aircraft.

2.They are also used in some pressure washers.
3.Used as hydraulic motors.
4.Used as air conditioner compressor in vehicles.

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

Applications of Vane pump

1. Aviation Service - Fuel Transfer, Deicing.

2. Auto Industry - Fuels, Lubes, Refrigeration Coolants.
3. Bulk Transfer of LPG and NH3.
4. LPG Cylinder Filling.
5. Refrigeration - Freons, Ammonia.
6. Aqueous solutions.

Sr. Characteristic Vane pump Swash plate type pump

No
1 Pressure Limited pressure up to 275 High pressure capabilities up
bar. to 690 bar for certain
specialized units.
2 Input speed Moderate High
3 Power density Low High
4 Conversion Low High
efficiency
5 Inlet vacuum Vane type pumps can handle Swash plate type pumps can
inlet vacuum up to 152.4 handle inlet vacuum up to
mm-Hg 101.6 mm -Hg
6 Noise and vibration Low High
7 Fluid compatibility Low range of fluid Great range of fluid
compatibility. compatibility.
8 Repair ability Easy to repair Requires well equipped
maintenance shop to repair
and test pump.

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.   R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.  
Unit.3 Miscellaneous Fluid Machines / 08 Marks HPC/22650/AE6I

QUESTION BANK

1. Classify positive displacement pumps and explain any one of them in detail.

2 Explain the construction and working principle of hydraulic lift.

3. Explain with neat sketch working of hydraulic jack.

4.Draw a schematic diagram of hydraulic Jack and label the components.

5.Explain with neat sketch swash plate type of pump.

6. Draw a labeled diagram of swash plate pump.

7. Compare gear pump and vane pump on the basis of :

i) Construction ii) pressure iii) speed iv) applications

v) Discharge vi) Overall efficiency

8. Compare the characteristics of vane and swash plate type pump and give one
application for each pump.

09. Describe the working of hydraulic lift with neat sketch.

10.Describe the working principle of hydraulic Press.

11. Give classification of rotary pumps. Explain why only rotary pumps are preferred
for oil hydraulic systems.

12. With a neat sketch, explain the functioning of lobe pump. Give any four
advantages of gear pumps.

____________________________________________________________________

R.K.Yadav/Automobile Engg Dept/New Polytechnic Kolhapur.