A PROJECT REPORT

ON
RECRUTMENT AND SELLECTION
 INTRODUCTION

The project report is all about recruitment and selection process that’s an important part

of any organization.

“There are great differences in development between countries which seem to

have roughly equal resources, so it is necessary to enquire into the difference

in human behaviors”

Human Resource is a basic need of any work to be done. According to ARTHUR

LEWIS:

Recruitment highlights each applicant’s skills, talents and experience. Their selection

involves developing a list of qualified candidates, defining a selection strategy,

identifying qualified candidates, thoroughly evaluating qualified candidates

and selecting the most qualified candidate.

It is said if right person is appointed at right place the half work has been done. In this

project I have tried to cover all the important point that should be kept in mind while

recruitment and selection process and have conducted a research study through a

questionnaire that I got it filled with all the sales managers of the WIPRO

and tried to find out which methods and various other information related to

recruitment and selection and tries to come to a conclusion at what time mostly the

manpower planning is don‟t , what the various method used for recruiting the

candidates and on what basis the selections is done

 OBJECTIVE

1. To study the recruitment and selection procedure followed in WIPRO

2: To study the various sources of recruitment followed in WIPRO.

3: To learn what is the process of recruitment and selection that should be followed.

4: To search or headhunt people whose skill fits into the company’s values.
 REASERCH METHODOLOGY

In everyday life human being has to face many problems viz. social, economical,

financial problems. These problems in life call for acceptable and effective solutions

and for this purpose, research is required and a methodology applied for the solutions can be found out.

Research was carried out at WIPRO. Ltd to find out the

“Recruitment and selection process”.

 DATA COLLECTION:

Primary Data:

Primary data was collected through survey method by distributing questionnaires to

Branch manager and other sales manager. The questionnaires were carefully designed

by Taking into account the parameters of my study.

Secondary Data:

Data was collected from books, magazines, web sites, going through the records of the

organization, etc. It is the data which has been collected by individual or someone else

for the purpose of other than those of our particular research study. Or in other words

we can say that secondary data is the data used previously for the analysis and the

results are undertaken for the next process.

 COMPANY PROFILE
HISTORY

Wipro started as a vegetable oil company in 1947 from an old mill founded by

Azim Premji's father. When his father died in 1966, Azim, graduate in Electrical

Engineering from Stanford University, took on the leadership of the company at

the age 21. He repositioned it and transformed Wipro (Western India Vegetable

Products Ltd) into a consumer goods company that produced hydrogenated

cooking oils/fat company, laundry soap, wax and tin containers and later set up

Wipro Fluid Power to manufacture hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders in 1975.

At that time, it was valued at $2 million.

In 1977, when IBM was asked to leave India, Wipro entered the information

technology sector. In 1979, Wipro began developing its own computers and in

1981, started selling the finished product. This was the first in a string of

products that would make Wipro one of India's first computer makers. The

company licensed technology from Sentinel Computers in the United States

and began building India's first mini-computers. Wipro hired managers who

were computer savvy, and strong on business experience.

In 1980 Wipro moved in software development and started developing

customized software packages for their hardware customers. This expanded

their IT business and subsequently invented the first Indian 8086 chip. Since

1992, Wipro began to grow its roots off shore in United States and by2000

Wipro Ltd ADRs were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

With over 25 years in the Information Technology business, Wipro

Technologies is the largest outsourced R & D Services provider and

 one of the pioneers in the remote delivery of IT services. Being a

global provider of consulting, IT Services, outsourced R&D,

infrastructure outsourcing and business process services, we deliver

technology-driven business solutions that meet the strategic objectives

of our Global 2000 customers. Wipro today employs 96,000 people

in over 50 countries. A career at Wipro means to learn and grow

continuously, opportunities to work on the latest technologies

alongside the finest minds in the industry, competitive salaries, stock

options and excellent benefits.

Wipro IT Business, a division of Wipro Limited (NYSE:WIT), is amongst

the largest global IT services, BPO and Product Engineering companies.

In addition to the IT business, Wipro also has leadership position in niche

market segments of consumer products and lighting solutions. The

company has been listed since 1945 and started its technology business

in 1980. Today, Wipro generates USD 6 billion (India GAAP figure 2009-

10) of annual revenues. Its equity shares are listed in India on the Mumbai

Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange; as well as on the New

York Stock Exchange in the US.

Wipro makes an ideal partner for organizations looking at transformational

IT solutions because of its core capabilities, great human resources

commitment to quality and the global infrastructure to deliver a wide range

of technology and business consulting solutions and services, 24/7. Wipro

enables business results by being a ‘transformation catalyst’. It offers

integrated portfolio of services to its clients in the areas of Consulting,

System Integration and Outsourcing for key-industry verticals.

 Leadership at Wipro

With more than 100,000 associates from over 70 nationalities and 72 plus

global delivery centers in over 55 countries, Wipro’s services span financial

services, retail, transportation, manufacturing, healthcare services, energy and

utilities, technology, telecom and media.

Wipro’s unwavering focus has been on business transformation with matchless

innovation in service delivery and business models. More than 800 active

clients that include governments, educational institutes, utility services, and

over 150 Global Fortune 500 enterprises have benefited from this approach.

Wipro is at the forefront of technological and business co-innovation with 136

patents and invention disclosures. With enhanced business performance at the

core of its deliveries due to its strong R&D and Innovation focus, Wipro gets

an enviable 95 percent repeat business.

We make our clients business more efficient through a combination of process

transformation, outsourcing, consulting and technology products and services

. As the world’s first SEI CMM Level 5 Company, Wipro endeavors to deliver

reliability and effectiveness to its customers by maintaining high standards in

service offerings through robust internal processes and people management

systems
 Innovation at Wipro

One of the world’s largest third party R&D services provider, Wipro caters

to product engineering requirements in multiple domains. Most of the

technology that you come across in daily life - airplanes, automobile

navigation systems, cell phones, computing servers, drug delivery devices,

microwaves, printers, refrigerators, set top boxes, TVs - will find a Wipro

component in them. Our service portfolio includes product strategy and

architecture, application and embedded software, electronic and

mechanical hardware, system testing, compliance and certification and

product sustenance and support.

Wipro believes that certain core technologies have a significant impact on

business competitiveness going forward. Towards that direction, Wipro’s

Research and Development activity is currently focused on Cloud

Computing, Collaboration, Green Technologies, Mobility Applications,

Social Computing, Information Management and Security.

World over, businesses are transforming constantly, in order to get better

and better. Wipro provides the right insight, technology and support to help

businesses transform, making business functions simpler, faster and

better. In other words, Wipro transforms businesses that help transform

lives.
 LITRATURE SURVEY
Meaning of HUMAN RESORCE MANAGEMENT

Human Resource plays a crucial role in the development process of the modern

economics. ARTHUR LEWIS observed

“There are great differences in development between countries which seem to

have roughly equal resources, so it is necessary to enquire into the difference

in human behaviors”

Human resource management is the management of employees skill,

knowledge, ablities, talent, aptitude, creativity, ability etc. Different terms

are used for denoting Human Resource Management they are labour

management, labour administration labour management relationship,

employee – employer relationship, industrial relationship, human capital

management, human assent management etc. Though these terms can be

used differently widely, the basic nature of distinction lies in the scope or

coverage and evolutionary stage. In simple sence, human resource

management means employing people, developing their resources,

utilizing, maintaining and compensating their services in tune with the job and

organizational requirements.
Functions of HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Administration:

Strategic planning, organizational evaluation, County Board relations, policy

recommendations, supervision of department staff

Benefits:

Health insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, disability insurance, retirement

benefits, vacation, sick leave, paid holidays, section 125 plan, donor program,

educational incentive, uniform allowance, and others.

Compensation:

Salary and benefit surveys, job evaluation, job descriptions evaluation, job

Descriptions

Employee relation:

 Disciplinary processes, incident investigations,

 complaint/grievance procedures, labor-management relations.

Employee services:

Enrollment in benefits, employee discounts for recreational spots, resolution of

enrollment or claim problems, employee newsletter. Educational assistance, employee

service awards
Fiscal:

Staffing budgets, departmental budget, accounts payable, insurance receivables,

insurance fund management, total package costing. Insurance receivables, insurance fund

management, total package costing.

Health and safety

Employee assistance, workers compensation claims, drug testing, safety compliance and

training.

Leaves of absence:

State and/or Federal Family and Medical Leave rights, County approved leaves of

absence, rights upon return to work, light duty assignments for temporary periods.

Payroll administration:

Computer-based or manual evaluation systems, supervisory training, compliance with

timeliness standards

Performance appraisal:

Employee files, litigation files, payroll records, safety records and other administrative

files

Record-keeping:

Job posting, advertising, testing administration, employment interviews, background

investigations, post-offer employment testing.

Recruitment:

Recruitment is defined as a process to discover the sources of manpower to meet the

requirement of the staffing schedule and to employ effective measures fir meet the

requirement of the staffing schedule and to employ to employ effective measures for

attracting the manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of an

effective workforce.

Selection:

After identifying the sources of human resources, searching for prospective employees

and stimulation helps too apply for jobs in an organization, the management has to

perform the function of selecting the right man at right job and at the right time.

Separations and terminations:

Rights upon termination of employment, severance benefits, unemployment

compensation, exit interviews.

Training and development:

County-wide needs assessment, development of supervisory and management skills,

employee training and workshops. Benefits orientation for new and transferring

employees, Supervisory newsletter.

Salary and benefits:

Salary/wage plans, employee benefits

 Importance of Human Resource Management

1: Attract highly qualified and competent people

2: Ensure that‟s the selected candidate stays longer with the company.

3: Make sue that there is match between cost and benefit.

4: Helps the organization to create more culturally diverse workforce

Whereas, the poor quality of selection means extra cost on training and supervision.

Furtherionmore , when recruitment fails to meet organizational needs for talent, a

typically response is to raise entry level pay scales . This can distort traditional wages and salary relationship in
organization, resulting in unavoidable consequences. Thus

the effectiveness of the recruitment process can play a major role in determining the

resources that must be expended on other HR activates and their ultimate success

.
Scope of HRM at organisational level
 Human resource development

This department looks after the needs and Requirement the present employees. This

Department includes number of function which are as

Follows:

1. Training and Development –it includes technical, soft skills and process related to

training

2. Process and policies –it contains all the rule and regulations that need to be

followed by the employees.

3: Appraisal and increment- it is in the formal feedback to the employees about their

performance and the conduct of work.

4: Induction-involves the information to the new employees about the company, job,

departments etc

5: Motivational activities and entertainment- involves motivating the employees to

improve their productivity.

6: Roles and responsibilities-that every individual employee needs to fulfil

7: Key Result Area (KRA) –it is the measurement quantifiable of output for the roles

of responsibilities.

8: Employee separation-includes resignation and dismissal.

9: Joining formalities- take place when a new employee joins the company.

10: Computerization

12: Helpdesk

13: Employee verification-take place at the time of joining of the new employee.

14: Surveys
15: Project trainees

16: Counselling and grievance handling-both are different as counselling is basically

helping out in personal problems whereas, grievances Handling involves the handling of complains that the employees
has towards the management.

All the above head are included in the human resource development and involves the

over all development of individual employees which in turn increases the over all profit of the company.
 RECRUITMENT

Recruitment is “hiring” of employees from outside. Recruitment has been regarded as the

most important function of the HR department , because unless the right type of people

are hired, even the best plans, organization chart and control system would not do much

good.

Recruitment is the discovering of potential applicant for actual or anticipated

organizational vacancies. Accordingly the purpose of recruitment is to locate sources of

manpower to meet the job requirements and job specification.

It is defined as „ a process to discover the sources of manpower to meet the requirements

of staffing schedule and to apply effective measures for attracting the manpower to

adequate number to facilitate effective selection of an effective workforce‟

Yoder points out that recruitment is a process to discover the sources of manpower to

meet the requirement of the staffing schedule and to employee effective measures to

attracting that manpower in adequate number to facilitate effective selection of an

effective workforce.

Edwin B Flippo defines recruitment as „the process of searching for prospective

employees and stimulating them to apply for the jobs in the organization.‟

“It is the process of finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. The

process begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their application are

submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new employees are selected.”
 Methods of Recruitment

Dunn and Stephens summaries the possible recruiting methods into three categories,

namely.

1: Direct method

2: Indirect method

3: Third party method

DIRECT METHOD

The direct method includes sending of the recruiters to different educational and

professional institutions, employees contact with public, and mannered exhibits. One of

the widely used methods is sending the recruiters to different colleges and technical

schools. This is mainly done with the cooperation of the placement office of the college.

Sometimes, firms directly solicit information form the concerned professors about

student with an outstanding records.

Other direct methods include sending recruiters to conventions and seminars, setting up

exhibits at fairs, and using mobile offices to go the desired centers.

INDIRECT METHOD

Indirect method involves mainly advertising in newspapers, on the radios, in trade and

professional journals, technical magazines and brochures.

Advertisements in newspapers and or trade journals and magazines are the most

frequently used methods. Senior post is largely filled with such methods. Advertising is a

very useful for recruiting blue color and hourly worker, as well as scientific, professional,
and technical employees.

Local newspaper can be good sources of blue collar workers, clerical employees, and

lower level administrative employees.

The main point is that the higher the position in the organization the more dispersed

advertisement is likely to be. The search for the top executive might include

advertisement in a national periodical, whereas the advertisement of the blue color jobs

usually confine to the daily newspaper.

According to the Advertisement tactic and strategy in personnel Recruitment, three

main points need to be borne in the mind before an advertisement in inserted.

First, to visualize the type of applicants one is trying to recruit.

Second, to write out a list of advantages the company offers, or why should the reader

join the company.Third, to decide where to run the advertisement , not only in which area, but also in which newspaper
having a local, state or a nation- wide circulation.

THRID PARTY

These include the use of commercial or private employment agencies, state agencies, and

placement offices of schools colleges and professional associations recruiting firms,

management consulting firms, indoctrination seminars for college professors, and friends

and relatives.

Private employment agencies are the most widely used sources. They charge a small fee

from the applicant. They specialize in specific occupation; general office help, salesmen,

technical workers, accountant, computer staff, engineers and executives.

State or public employment agencies are also known as the employment or labour

Exchanges are the main agencies for the public employment. Employers inform them of
their personnel requirement, while job seekers get information for them about the type of

job are referred by the employer.

Schools and colleges offer opportunities for recruiting their student. They operate

placement services where complete biodata and other particular of the student are

available.

Professional organization or recruiting firms maintain complete information records

about employed executive. These firms maintain complete information records about

employed executives. These firms are looked upon as the „head hunters‟, „raiders‟, and

„pirates‟ by organization which loose their personnel through their efforts.

Evaluation of the recruitment method

The following are the evaluation of the recruitment method

1: Number of initial enquires received which resulted in completed application forms

2: Number of candidates recruited.

3: Number of candidates retained in the organization after six months.

4: Number of candidates at various stages of the recruitment and selection process,

especially those short listed.

 Objective of recruitment

1: To attract with multi dimensional skills and experience that suite the present and future

organization strategies.

2: To induct outsider with new perspective to lead the company.

3: To infuse fresh blood at all levels of organization.

4: To develop an organizational culture that attracts competent people to the company.

5: To search or headhunt people whose skill fit the company‟s values.

6: To seek out non-conventional development grounds of talent

7: To devise methodology for assessing psychological traits.

8: To search for talent globally not just with in the company.

9: To design entry pay that competes on quality but not on quantum.

10: To anticipate and find people for position that doesn‟t exists yet.
 Factors affecting Recruitment

There are two types of factors that affect the Recruitment of candidates for the company.

1: Internal factors: These includes

 Company‟s pay package

 Quality of work life
 Organizational culture
 Company’s size
 Company’s product
 Growth rate of the company
 Role of trade unions
 Cost of recruitment

2: External factors: These include

 Supply and demand factors

 Employment rate
 Labour market condition
 Political, legal and government factors
 Information system
Factors to be undertaken while formulating recruitment policies
The following factors should be undertaken while formulating the policies -
 Government polices
 Recruitment sources
 Recruitment needs
 Recruitment cost
 Organizational and personal policies

Theories Regarding Recruitment

Recruitment is two way street: it takes a recruiter has a choice whom to recruit, same
way the prospective employee also has taken the decision whether or not to apply for
the given job vacancy. The individual take the decision usually on three different basic:

1: The objective factors

2: The critical contact
3: The subjective factor
The objectives theory views that the process of organizational choice as being one of
weighing and evaluating set of measurable characteristic of employment offers, such
pay, benefits , location, opportunity for advancement, the nature of job to performed,
and education opportunities.

Whereas, the critical contact theory suggests that the typical candidates is unable to
make a meaningful differentiation of organization’s offers in terms of objective or
subjective factors, because of his limited or very short contact with the organization.
Choice can be made only when applicant can readily perceive the factors such as the
behaviour of the recruiters, the nature of the physical facilities, and such as the
efficiency in processing paper work association with the application.

On the other hand, the subjective theory emphasizes the congruence. Here the choices
are made on highly personal and emotional basis.
 Recruitment Process

The actual steps involved in recruitment follow a well defined path:

Application shortlist : In this step, we shortlist the resume received from various sources
based on the suitability for the requirement.

Preliminary Assessment : The short listed candidates go through a preliminary round of

interviews. This interview lays more emphasis on functional competencies. To have more
data on the functional skills, the candidates may be given a business case for analysis and
presentation (This is done for certain positions only).

Final interview : Here the candidates who successfully clear the first round of interview
go through another round of interview with one or more of the functional heads.

Medical Evaluation: Candidates who are selected by Colgate are asked to undergo a
medical test.
 Evaluation of recruitment process

The following are the evaluation of the recruitment process:

1: Return rate of application sent out.

2: Number of suitable candidates for selection.
3: Retention and performance of the candidate selection.
4: Cost of recruitment
5: Time lapsed data.
6: Comments on image projected.
 PHILSOPHIES OF RECRUITEMT

Basically there are two Philosophies of recruitment. These are as follows:

1: REALISTIC JOB PREVIEWS (RJP)

Realistic Job Previews provides complete job related information to the applicants so that
they can make the right decision before taking up the jobs. It includes positive and the
negative aspects of the job.

2: JOB COMPATIBILITY QUESTIONNAIRE: (JCQ)

Job compatibility Questionnaire was developed to determine whether an applicant‟s
preference for the work match the characteristic of the job. The JCQ is designed to collect
information on all aspects of the job which have a bearing in on employee performance
.absenteeism, turnover and job satisfaction. The underlying assumption of JCQ is that,
greater the compatibility between an applicant‟s preference for the job and characteristic
of the job as perceived by the job seeker, the greater the probability of employee
effectiveness and longer the tenure.
 SELECTION
Selection is a negative process and involves the elimination of candidates who do not
have the required skills and qualification for the job proposed. Also it is a process of
differentiating between applicants in order to identify and hire those with grater
likelihood of success in job.

The objective of selection decision is to choose the individual who can most successfully
perform the job from the pool of qualified candidates. It is the system of function and
devise adopted in a given company to ascertain whether the candidate‟s specifications are
matched with the job specifications and recruitment or not.

Selection process or activities typically follow a standard patter, beginning with an initial
screening interview and concluding with final employment decision. The traditional
selection process includes: preliminary screening interview, completion of application
form, employment test, comprehensive interview, background investigation, physical
examination and final employment decision to hire.

Organization for selection

Until recently the basic hiring process was performed in a rather unplanned manner in
many organizations. In some companies, each department screened and hired its own
employees. Many mangers insisted on screening their own employees as they thought no
one else could do that as efficiently as they themselves

But now selection is centralized and handled by the Human Resource Department. This
type of arrangement is also preferred due to some of these advantages:

• It is easier for the application because they can send their applications to a single
centralized department.
• It facilitates contact with applicants because issues pertaining to employment can be cleared through
one central location.
• It helps operating managers to concentrate on their operating responsibilities. This
is especially helpful during the chief hiring period.
• It can provide for better selection because hiring is done by specialist trained in staffing techniques.
• The applicant is better assured of consideration for a greater variety of jobs.
• Hiring cost is cut because duplication of efforts is reduced.
• With increased governmental regulation on selection process, it is important that
people who know about these rules handle a major part of the selection process.

Ideally, a selection process involves mutually decision making. The organization

decides whether or not to make a job offer and how attractive the job offer should be
 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE SELETION

The main objective of selection process is to hire people having competence and
commitment towards the given job profile. But due to some reason the main purpose of
effectively selecting candidates is defeated. These reasons are
1: Perception or the Halo effect: Many a times the interviewer selects a candidate
according to the perception he has or he made up while talking or looking at the
individual. This way he does not see through the caliber or the efficiency of the
individual and many times it leads to the selection of the wrong candidates.

2: Fairness: During the selection process the interviewer does not select the individual
on the basis of his knowledge and hence the right type of the candidates is not selected.

3: Pressure: The people from the HR department and also have a lot of pressure from
the top management and from other top class people for selecting the candidates they
want. This ways the purpose of effective selection process of effective selection process
is defeated as they have to select that individual whether or not he is capable of the job.
that is being offered.
FACTORS EFFECTING SELECTION DECISION

Includes:
- Profile matching
- Organization and social environment
- Multi correlations
- Successive hurdles
1. Personal Interview.

2.Telephonic Interview.

PERSONAL INTERVIEW
This is regarded to be the BEST FORM of interview. In such form of an interview the
candidate personally appears in front of the interviewer and gives his interview. This
is regarded to be the best form of interview as the interviewee has the best chances of
making his points clear in front of the interviewer.

TELEPHONIC INTERVIEW
Sometimes an interview is taken on the phone. A telephonic conversation is done
between the interviewer and the interviewee where the interviewer calls up the
candidate via phone and conducts the interview.
 DATA ANALYSIS

1:QUESTION: What are the sources for recruitment and selection?

about 75% of the manager say that they prefer both internal as well as
external

source for recruitment and selection where as only 9% go for internal source
and 18%

go for external sources.

2: Question: Which method do you mostly prefer for recruitment and selection

preferred way of recruitment?

About 65% of the mangers go for direct recruitment and selection and 32% go
for

indirect and only 3 % go for third party recruitment way.

3: Question: When do you prefer to go for manpower planning?

Around 50% of the managers go for Quarterly

manpower planning and 20 % do not
follow any pattern they don‟t have any fixed time where as 20% go for yearly.
4: Question: What are the sources for external recruitment are
preferred?

Around 34% of manager go for campus interviews, 33% go for data bank, 25% from

the casual application that are received and only 8% go for any placement agencies
5: Question: What form of interview did you prefer?

 Most of the manager Prefer Personal interviews, 30%

prefer to take telephonic

 interviews where as only 20% go for video conferencing

and rest 10% adopt some
other means of interview.