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3890dthe Congress of Vienna

Representatives from European countries met in Vienna from 1814-1815 after the fall of Napoleon to prevent future political unrest and establish continental boundaries. Officials from Great Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria made most decisions at this conference known as the Congress of Vienna. Prince Klemens von Metternich, an Austrian diplomat, dominated the conference and greatly influenced European affairs for the next 30 years by restoring monarchs and stability after the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars.

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76 views5 pages

3890dthe Congress of Vienna

Representatives from European countries met in Vienna from 1814-1815 after the fall of Napoleon to prevent future political unrest and establish continental boundaries. Officials from Great Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria made most decisions at this conference known as the Congress of Vienna. Prince Klemens von Metternich, an Austrian diplomat, dominated the conference and greatly influenced European affairs for the next 30 years by restoring monarchs and stability after the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars.

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gita
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The Congress of Vienna

Global History and Geography II Name: ________________________


E. Napp Date: ________________________

After the fall of Napoleon, a group of aristocratic leaders from various European
countries met to discuss ways to prevent more political and social unrest as well as
to establish the future boundaries of the continent. Representatives from most
European countries and even France met to determine the future of the continent.
Officials from Great Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria (the Quadruple Alliance)
made most of the decisions at this conference known as the Congress of Vienna. The
meetings were held in Vienna between 1814 and 1815. Prince Klemens von
Metternich, a brilliant Austrian diplomat, dominated the conference. His ideas
greatly influenced European affairs for the next thirty years. Metternich helped
restore Europe’s monarchs after the turmoil of the French Revolution and the
Napoleonic Wars.

As Prince Metternich once said, “When France has a cold, all of Europe sneezes.”

Questions:
1. Why did representatives from many European countries meet in Vienna
between 1814 and 1815?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. Which nations made most decisions during the Congress of Vienna?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. Who dominated the Congress?
__________________________________________________________________
4. What changes did this individual bring to Europe?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. Explain the meaning of Metternich’s quote?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

A Balance of Power

Metternich wanted to establish a


balance of power among the
nations. He wanted to keep Europe
at peace. By preventing any one
nation from becoming militarily
stronger than its neighbors, Europe
would be kept at peace. The
general agreement among the
leading powers about the aims of
the Congress has been labeled the
Concert of Europe. Representatives
also wanted to prevent future
aggression on the part of France.
The Congress redrew the map of
Europe in an effort to prevent one
nation from dominating other
nations. The great powers
successfully restored a balance of
power. These decisions did reduce
Questions: conflict in Europe for a period of
time.
1. What is a “balance of power”?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. How does a “balance of power” create peace?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. What was the Concert of Europe?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. Why did representatives want to create this “balance of power”?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Did Europe benefit from Metternich’s idea of a “balance of power”?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Struggles between Absolute Rulers and Revolutionaries

 During the 1800s, struggles between absolute rulers and


revolutionaries took place throughout Europe

 Revolutionaries were influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment

 Revolutionaries were encouraged by the American and French


Revolutions

 Liberals supported efforts to make government more democratic

 Conservatives wanted to conserve an already existing way of life

 Radicals believed that democratic reforms were not enough

 Radicals wanted to bring about a more even distribution of wealth

 Radicals wanted to restrict or do away with private property

Questions:
1. Why did conflict exist between Absolute rulers and some members of their
societies in the 1800s?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. What events and ideas inspired individuals who wanted to change society?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. How did liberals differ from conservatives?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. How did liberals differ from radicals?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. Why were absolute rulers conservative?
__________________________________________________________________
Regents Multiple-Choice Questions:

 At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of


Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of
Napoleon by attempting to
(1) restore old regimes to power
(2) spread the idea of democracy
(3) encourage nationalist movements
(4) promote the European free-trade zone

 “Congress of Vienna Restores Monarchy to France”


“Czar Nicholas I Limits Freedom of the Russian Press”
“Reform Movements Crushed in Hungary, Italy, and the German States”

These headlines could be described as


1. reactions to the French Revolution
2. movements to unify all of western Europe
3. efforts to improve the conditions of factory workers
4. attempts to promote trade between European nations
 Which factors protected Russia from control by Napoleon’s army?
(1) religious and cultural similarities
(2) industrialization and modernization
(3) geographic size and location
(4) political and economic instability

 Before the French Revolution, the people of France were


divided into three estates based mainly on their
(1) education level (3) social class
(2) geographic region (4) religious beliefs

 What was a major cause of the French Revolution?


(1) inequalities in the tax structure
(2) economic success of mercantilism
(3) failure of the Congress of Vienna
(4) Continental System in Europe

 Who was the man whose ideas and aims dominated the Congress of Vienna
and after whom the age of reaction, from the fall of Napoleon to the
Revolutions of 1848, is named?

(1) Alexander I

(2) Castlereagh

(3) Hardenburg
(4) Metternich

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