BELIEF SYSTEMS

ISLAM 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

“submission or surrender”
The Shahadah- a statement of faith they recite
surrender to the will of Allah
at least one time in their lives

Beliefs/Practices The Salat or Salah- a daily ritual prayer of faith

done five times a day
-partially based on the Judeo-Christian religions
-monotheistic message(belief in one God aka Zakat- a tax paid to benefit the poor or those in
Allah) need
-also believe in Adam of the Bible’s Old
Testament, was the first prophet Sawm- fasting on the day of Ramadan
-other prophets include Abraham, Moses, Noah,
David, and Jesus Hajj- a pilgrimage every Muslim must do at least
-follows some same principles of Christianity & once in his/her life at the Holy City of
Judaism Mecca(now Saudi Arabia) the pilgrimage begins
-Muslims: followers of Islam on the 7th or 8th day of the last month of Islamic
lunar calendar, and ends on the 12th day of the
same month

Quran- holy book of Muslims 3 HOLY PLACES MUSLIMS VISIT DURING HAJJ
- they believe Angel Gabriel delivered the -Kaaba- a shrine located in Mecca, which is
ideas in the Quran to Muhammad visited during the pilgrimage(hajj)
- 114 chapters -Prophet Muhammad’s mosque IN THE CITY OF
Hadith- collection of the traditions and sayings of Medina in Saudi Arabia
Muhammad -Al-Aqsa, mosque in Jerusalem
- used to frame the Muslim way of life and
beliefs
Other Facts:
Jihad- the struggle exerted while God’s command
Acc. to a report by the Pew Research Center,
there are 1.8 billion Muslims worldwide.
BUDDHISM
is a philosophy of life expounded by Gautama Islam- second-largest religion in the world,
Buddha(Buddha means enlightened one) following Christianity

Indonesia- has the largest following of the

Buddha lived and taught in northern India in the
Islamic religion, 12.6%
6th century B.C.
-the Buddha was not a god and the philosophy of
Buddhism does not entail any theistic world view The Basic Teachings of Buddha which are a
believe in reincarnation(the concept that people core to Buddhism
are reborn after dying) -The three Universal Truths
-there are difference between rebirth and -The four Noble Truths
reincarnation -The Noble Eightfold Path
Reincarnation- individual may recur repeatedly
Rebirth- a person is similar to his old self but it is
not identical to his original self
The 3 Universal Truths The 3 trainings or practices
-nothing is lost in the universe 1.Silla- virtue, good conduct, morality. This is based on two
-everything changes fundamental principles:
-the law of cause and effect The principle of equality: all living entities are equal.
The principle of reprocity: “Golden Rule” in Christianity
In Buddhism, the law of karma
means the responsibility for 2. Samadhi- concentration, meditation, mental development.
unskillful actions is borne by the That mental development strengthens & controls our mind,
person who commits them this helps us maintain good conduct

Buddha teaches people to develop 3.Prajna- discernment, insight, wisdom, enlightenment. This is
their own virtue; You should do the real heart of Buddhism
your own work, for I can teach Wisdom will emerge if your mind is pure and calm.
only the way.
The 4 Noble Truths
If a person releases their -explore human suffering
attachment to desire and self, they
can attain Nirvana, a state which 1.Dukkha- Suffering exists: Life is suffering. Suffering is real
you free yourself from suffering. and almost universal.
Suffering are caused by: loss, sickness, pain failure and the
impermanence of pleasure
The Noble Eightfold Path
Panna: discernment, wisdom 2.Samudaya- There is a cause of suffering. Suffering is due to
1. Samma ditthi attachment. Is the desire to have and control things.
2. Samma sankappa
Silla: Virtue, Morality 3. Nirodha- There is an end to suffering. Attachment can be
3. Samma Vaca overcome. The mid experience complete freedom, liberation,
4. Sama kammata Right Conduct or an d non-attachment.
Right Action
5. Sama ajiva 4. Magga- in order to end suffering, you must follow the
Samadhi: Concentration, eightfold path.
meditation
6. Sama vayama
7. Samma sati CHRISTIANISM
8. Sama samadhi a religion founded on a message of good news rooted in the
significance of the life of Jesus Christ. In scripture, doctrine
3 major Christian Creeds refers to the entire body of essential theological truths that
-Apostles’ Creed define and describe message.
-Nicene Creed
-Athanasian Creed -God is true The Trinity
-God is the creator of -God is three in one or a
Major beliefs of Christianity everything that exists trinity: God the Father, Jesus
God the Father -God is infinite and eternal Christ the Son, and the Holy
-there is only one God -God is immutable or he Spirit
-God is omniscient or all knowing does not change Jesus Christ the Son
-God is omnipotent or all powerful -Jesus Christ is God
-God is omnipresent or present The Holy Spirit -Jesus was born of a virgin
everywhere -God is spirit -Jesus became a man
-God is sovereign -The Holy Spirit is God -Jesus is fully God
-God is holy -Jesus is perfect and sinless
-God is just or righteous -Jesus is the only way to
-God is love God the Father
The Bible: Word of God Hell is Real
-Bible is the inspire or God-breathed, word of -hell is a place of punishment
God -hell is eternal
-the Bible in its original manuscript is without
error End Times
-there will be a rapture of the church
God’s Plan of Salvation Jesus will return to the earth
-humans were created by God in the image of -Christians will be raised from the dead when
God’ Jesus returns
-all people have sinned -There will be a final judgement
-death came into the world -Satan will be thrown into the lake of fire
-sins separates us from God -God will create a new heaven and a new earth
Jesus died in the sins of each and every person
in the world
-Jesus’ death was a substitutionary sacrifice, FILIPINO VALUES AND BELIEFS
He died and paid the price for our sins so that Courtship- Filipinos do serenades or harana in
we might live forever with him front of the lady’s house to win her heart.
-Jesus resurrected from the dead in physical
form Religion- Going practically everyday to church or
-Salvation is a free gift of God some every Sunday to pray and pay respect to
-Believers are saved by grace God.
Those who reject Jesus will go to hell
-Those who accept Jesus will live for eternity Superstition- Filipinos believe that there is
with him after they die nothing to lose if they will comply with these
beliefs.
Eating with Hands(Kamayan)- kamayan gives
full taste to the food instead of using utensils Cuisine- Filipinos use spoons and forks when
eating and every province in the country has its
Balikbayan boxes- sent by overseas Filipino own specialty food that vary in tastes.
workers to their family in the Philippines, it
contains clothes, shoes, chocolate like the Death- a ceremonial mass is held at the end of
famous toblerone, perfumes, bags, watches 40-day period; the soul goes to heaven after
and many more. these 40 days.

Society- Our primary ancestors Malays who came

from the southeastern country(now Indonesia)
Filipinos are vey hospitable and giver appropriate
respect to everybody regardless of race, culture,
and belief.

Christmas in the Philippines- Christmas is not gift

giving but sharing this special holy day with
family.

Fiestas- Every town or City has a fiesta of its own.

Fiestas in the Philippines are held to celebrate a
patron saint.

Living with Parents- Adult children living with

their parents are another Filipino traditional that
makes us exceptional