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Activity 2 2 3a Turbine Engine Design

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92 views4 pages

Activity 2 2 3a Turbine Engine Design

lol

Uploaded by

Chris Sabins
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Activity 2.2.

3a Turbine Engine Design


Introduction
Turbine engines provide a tremendous amount of thrust for an aircraft. Takeoff
requires the maximum thrust available to accelerate the aircraft from rest to takeoff
speed before the end the runway. During cruise the engines must overcome drag
throughout the flight. Engine designers must balance the thrust needs with fuel
economy. Inefficient engines mean that more fuel must be carried and more fuel is
used than needed. Both result in a cost increase for the airline operator or a military.

In this activity you will use the software simulator you learned in the last activity to
design a turbine engine to meet several design constraints.

Equipment
 Engineering notebook
 Pencil
 PC
 Internet access

Procedure
Using the information you gathered during the previous activity and what you have
learned about aerodynamics, propulsion, and propulsion systems, design an engine
that will be the most fuel-efficient engine in your class. Explore the available choices
for how the program works below the simulation parameters on the same webpage.
The simulation can work in two modes so be careful you are working in the correct
mode.

1. You can choose from four different types of engines:


a. A simple turbojet
b. A jet with afterburner
c. A turbofan engine or
d. A ramjet
Selections are made on the graphics window by clicking on the engine name. The
chosen engine is shown in yellow.

Project Lead The Way, Inc.


Copyright 2011
AE – Lesson 2.2 – Project 2.2.3 Turbine Engine Design – Page 1
Engine Design Challenge Specifications:
Max Wt = 500 lbs

Thrust Required = 3600 lbs

Cruise Speed = 400 mph at 75% power

Cruise Altitude = 36000 ft

Conventional components up to Nickel Alloy

Jet-A fuel

Temperature at 100% not to exceed 2500 degrees.

Maximize thrust to weight ratio and efficiency

2. Flight Conditions include the following in your engineering notebook:


a. Mach number,
b. Airspeed,
c. Altitude,
d. Pressure
e. Temperature and
f. Throttle and afterburner settings
There are several different combinations of these variables available for input using
the choice button on the input panel. The pressure and temperature are computed
as functions of the altitude by using a Standard Day atmospheric model.

3. Design variables for each engine component can also be varied. The
components and variables include
a. The Inlet (pressure recovery)
b. Fan (pressure ratio, efficiency, and bypass ratio)
c. Compressor (CPR, compressor efficiency)
d. Burner (fuel, maximum temperature, efficiency, pressure ratio)
e. Turbine (turbine efficiency) and
f. Nozzle (maximum temperature, efficiency, A8/A2)
As you choose a different component the part of the engine being affected is
highlighted in the graphic by changing from its default color to yellow. If you change
the Output Display to Pictures, you can view an actual photograph and description of
each engine part.

Project Lead The Way, Inc.


Copyright 2011
AE – Lesson 2.2 – Project 2.2.3 Turbine Engine Design – Page 2
4. Engine Size can be specified by either the frontal area or the diameter. As the
engine size changes, the grid background changes in proportion to the size. The
distance between any two-grid lines is 1 foot.
5. In your engineer’s notebook, be sure to record the following:
a. Weight of the engine that you design:
b. Thrust to weight ratio of the engine:
c. Temperature: periodically, record the temperature throughout the engine
design against the material limits. If you exceed a limit, a flashing warning
will occur in the schematic. Record any errors or changes you must make.

Project Lead The Way, Inc.


Copyright 2011
AE – Lesson 2.2 – Project 2.2.3 Turbine Engine Design – Page 3
Conclusion
1. Explain how the engine type impacts performance?

2. Identify and explain the factors you would consider while designing an aircraft to
fly efficiently at an altitude of 30,000 – 40,000 ft.

Project Lead The Way, Inc.


Copyright 2011
AE – Lesson 2.2 – Project 2.2.3 Turbine Engine Design – Page 4

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