1

Experiment No.
Vinegar Analysis

NAME: Cecil Lloyd Villas Cansino CM011 A11

P/ Yr: GSE – 1 DOP:
Group No. 1 DOS:

Prof. Elizabeth Espiritu Grade:

Professor Cover: /10
Objective: /10
Report Form: /20
Conclusion: /10
PDS.: /50
/100
 Experiment No. 1
Vinegar Analysis

Objectives:
1. To determine the percent by mass of acetic acid in vinegar
Report Form: Vinegar Analysis
 Vinegar D

5.0 g 5.0 g

0 ml 0 ml
22.1 ml 21.4 ml
22.1 ml 21.4 ml
0.1002 mol/L

2.21x10-3 2.14x10-3

2.21x10-3 2.14x10-3
0.133 g 0.129 g
2.65 % 2.57 %

2.61 %
 Calculations
Analysis of Vinegar Sample

Solution:

1.) VNaOH = 22.1 mL – 0 mL = 22.1 mL

2.) NNaOH = (22.1 mL NaOH) x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.1002 mol/L) = 2.21x10-3 mol NaOH

3.) NCH3COOH = (2.21x10-3 mol NaOH) x (1 mol CH3COOH/1 mol NaOH

= 2.21x10-3 mol CH3COOH

4.) MCH3COOH = (2.21x10-3 mol CH3COOH) x (60.05 g.) = 0.133 g.

5.) % Mass of CH3COOH in Vinegar = (0.133 g./5.0 g.) x (100) = 2.65 %

6.) Ave % = (2.65 + 2.57)/2 = 2.61 %

Laboratory Questions
1. Part A.2. A 20-mL volume of previously boiled, deionized water is added to the
Erlenmeyer flask to prepare the sample for titration. Explain why this volume is not
critical to the analysis.
Answer.
The reaction in the titration is only between the acid and bases so the water won’t have
any effect on the reaction also the boiled deionized water have a pH value of 7 which is neutral.

2. Part A.2. Previously boiled, deionized water is unavailable. In a hurry to pursue the
analysis, deionized water (not boiled) is added. How does this attempt to expedite the
analysis effect the reported percent acetic acid in vinegar: too high, too low, or
unaffected? Explain.
Answer.
This attempt will make the reported percent acetic acid in vinegar too low because the
deionized water that is not boiled contains other ions and would add to the overall percentage.

3. Part A.2 and B.1. The 20 mL of water added to the Erlenmeyer flask is to be previously
boiled, deionized water. Since water does absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and since CO2
dissolved in water causes it to be slightly acidic, will the use of deionized water that has
not been previously boiled cause the mass of acetic acid in the vinegar to be calculated as
too high or too low? Explain.
Answer.
This attempt will make the mass of acetic acid in the vinegar higher than actual since the
presence of CO2 decreases the pH value of the solution which also causes it to be slightly acidic.

4. Part A.2
a. In determining the percent acetic acid in vinegar, the mass of each vinegar sample is
measured rather than the volume. Explain.
Answer.
The acetic acid is only 5% of the solution and it only allows us to calculate the mass in
grams, not in mL or L. That’s why the mass of each vinegar sample is the basis for measurement
rather than the volume.

b. If the vinegar were measured volumetrically (e.g., a pipet), what additional piece of
data would be needed to complete the calculations for the experiment?
Answer.
If the vinegar were measured volumetrically using a pipet, the additional piece of data
needed to complete the calculations is the density.

5. Part A.3. The buret is filled with the NaOH titrant and the initial volume reading is
immediately recorded without waiting the recommended 10-15 seconds. However in Part
B.1, the 10-15 second time lapse does occur before the reading is made. Does this
technique error result in an increase, a decrease or have no effect on the reported percent
acetic acid in the vinegar? Explain.
Answer.
This technique error will increase the reported acetic acid in the vinegar because the
technique will allow the titrant to be drained completely for a more accurate analysis.

6. Part B.1. The endpoint of the titration is overshot! Does this technique error result in an
increase, a decrease, or have no effect on the reported percent acetic acid in the vinegar?
Explain.
Answer.
The reported percent acetic acid in the vinegar will be higher than the actual because if
there is more base then there will be more acid needed to neutralize it.
 7. Part B.1. The wall of the flask is periodically rinsed with the previously boiled, deionized
water from the wash bottle. Does this titrimetric technique result in an increase, a
decrease, or have no effect on the reported percent acetic acid in the vinegar? Explain.
Answer.
This titrimetric technique has no effect on the reported percent acetic acid in the vinegar
because the deionized water doesn’t have any effect on the number balance between the
hydronium ions or hydroxide ions.
8. Part B.1. A drop of NaOH titrant, dispensed from the buret, adheres to the wall of the
Erlenmeyer flask but is not washed into the vinegar with the wash bottle. Does this error
in technique result in the reported percent of acetic acid being too high, too low, or
unaffected? Explain.
Answer.
The reported percent of the acetic acid will be higher than the actual because of this
technique error. If the drop of the base which is supposed to drop from the buret adheres to the
wall of the flask then the NaOH dropped from the buret is higher than the actual required for the
titration.
 Conclusion & Recommendations

The objective of this experiment, which is vinegar analysis, is to know the percent by
mass of acetic acid in vinegar using methods like titration and stoichiometry. We learned about
titration and how it was supposed to be used. Titration is used to determine the concentration of
an unknown solution by using the solution of a known concentration. The titrant which is the
known solution is added from the buret with a specific amount to the unknown solution until the
reaction takes place. The recorded volume of the titrant will be used in determining the
concentration of the unknown solution. We have also learned about the different techniques or
errors in titration. The collected data from the experiment will be analyzed and decoded by using
stoichiometry. The stoichiometry in the experiment follows the format; 1.) The volume of NaOH
is converted into liters and will be multiplied with the molarity to find the number of moles of
NaOH, 2.) Using the number of moles of NaOH with an equal number balance with CH3COOH
makes the number of moles of CH3COOH equal to the former, 3.) The number of moles of
CH3COOH is then multiplied to its molar mass to find its mass and then will be divided by the
mass of the solution multiplied to a hundred to find the percent by mass of CH3COOH in the
vinegar.