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Homework Packet - Unit 3 PDF

This document contains a 30-question homework packet on topics relating to molecular geometry, Lewis structures, bonding theory and molecular polarity. The questions cover identifying molecular shapes and bond types, drawing Lewis structures including resonance forms, determining formal charges and hybridization states, and explaining trends in molecular structure and properties.

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Phoebe Lin
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
244 views

Homework Packet - Unit 3 PDF

This document contains a 30-question homework packet on topics relating to molecular geometry, Lewis structures, bonding theory and molecular polarity. The questions cover identifying molecular shapes and bond types, drawing Lewis structures including resonance forms, determining formal charges and hybridization states, and explaining trends in molecular structure and properties.

Uploaded by

Phoebe Lin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name __________________________________ Period _____

Homework Packet – Unit 3

1. Which series is ranked in order of 7. The molecular geometry of the PF3


increasing electronegativity? molecule is __________ and the molecule
(A) O, S, Se, Te is _________.
(B) Cl, S, P, Si (A) trigonal planar, nonpolar.
(C) In, Sn, N, O (B) trigonal pyramidal, polar.
(D) C, Si, P, Se (C) trigonal planar, polar.
(D) trigonal pyramidal, nonpolar
2. Which of the following has a zero dipole
moment? 8. The electron-domain geometry of which of
(A) NH3 the following molecules is tetrahedral?
(B) SO2 (A) all listed below
(C) NO2 (B) CBr4
(D) PF5 (C) PH3
(D) CCl2Br2
3. The Lewis dot structure of which of the
following molecules shows only one 9. In a molecule in which the central atom
unshared pair of valence electron? exhibits sp2 hybrid orbitals, the electron
(A) N2 pairs are directed toward the corners of
(B) NH3 (A) a tetrahedron
(C) CCl4 (B) a trigonal bipyramid
(D) H2O2 (C) a square
(D) a triangle
4. For resonance forms of a molecule or ion,
(A) the observed structure is an average of 10. Electrons in _____ bonds remain localized
the resonance forms. between two atoms. Electrons in _____
(B) the same atoms need not be bonded to bonds can become delocalized between
each other in all resonance forms. more than two atoms.
(C) one always corresponds to the (A) π, σ
observed structure. (B) σ, π
(D) there cannot be more than two (C) π, π
resonance structures for a given (D) σ, σ
species.
11. Which molecule contains 1 sigma and 2 pi
5. Which of the following molecules has the bonds?
largest bond-dissociation energy? (A) Li2
(A) Li2 (B) N2
(B) N2 (C) O2
(C) O2 (D) F2
(D) F2
12. Which of the following molecules has a
6. The Cl-Si-Cl bond angle in the SiCl2F2 bond order of 2?
molecule is approximately (A) B2
(A) 90° (B) N2
(B) 120° (C) O2
(C) 180° (D) F2
(D) 109.5°
13. Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules. Include resonance forms where appropriate.
a) CO2 b) N2O c) NO d) HCN

14. Draw the Lewis structures for SO2, SO3, and SO42–. Include resonance forms where appropriate.

15. Why are resonance forms necessary for representing certain molecular structures?

16. Draw Lewis structures for the following species.


a) N2H+ b) HN3 c) N2O4

17. Draw reasonable Lewis structures for the following. (none obey the octet rule)
a) NO2 b) BCl3 c) CO+

2
18. Draw the Lewis structures for each of the following molecules. Identify the one that has the shortest
oxygen-oxygen bond.
a) O3 b) O2 c) HO2– d) H2O2

19. Which diatomic molecule has the shortest bond length? Which one has the longest? Justify your
answers.

20. Draw Lewis dot structures for the following molecules. Use Lewis dot structures to identify shapes
of molecules. Based on molecular geometry, identify molecules as polar or nonpolar.
CO2 I3– H2O PF5

Lewis
Dot

Shape
Polar?

ICl3 CS2 SF4 AlF63–

Lewis
Dot

Shape
Polar?

ClF3 XeF4 SF6 CF4

Lewis
Dot

Shape
Polar?

3
21. Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules and indicate the molecular dipoles for each.
a) F2O b) SO2 c) NO2

d) NO2+ e) NO2– f) CS2

22. What are the approximate bond angles in each of the following? Justify your answers.
a) ONO in NO3– b) HPH in PH3 c) FSF in SF6

23. Identify the shapes for NH3 and AlI3. Explain why the molecules have different geometries.

24. a) Which geometries are possible for compounds whose central atoms are sp3 hybridized?
Draw examples for each configuration.

b) Which geometries are possible for compounds whose central atoms are sp2 hybridized?
Draw examples for each configuration.

c) Which geometries are possible for compounds whose central atoms are sp hybridized?
Draw examples for each configuration.

4
25. NF3 and PF5 are stable molecules but NF5 does not exist. Why?

26. Identify the molecular bonds (σ or π) involved in the C-N bonding in the following molecules:
a) H3C–C≡N b) H2C=CH–N=CH2

27. How many  and  bonds does carbon form when it undergoes:
a) sp hybridization b) sp2 hybridization c) sp3 hybridization

28. The molecule N2O is linear and polar.


a) Draw the Lewis structure for this molecule. Include all resonance forms.

b) Give the formal charge on each atom and the hybridization of the central atom.

c) What orbitals are involved in the bonding of the central atom to each of the other two?

5
29. Complete the following chart:
Molecule Shape Polar Approximate Formal charge
(Y/N) Bond angles on central atom
COCl2
CHCl3
HCN
SO42–

NH2OH

30. What is the shape for each of the following?


a) SO3 b) XeF2 c) IF5

d) SeF6 e) ICl4– f) I3–

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