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Formation and Transformation

The document discusses theories of the self from philosophical, sociological, and anthropological perspectives. It summarizes Plato's view that the self is an immortal soul and Descartes' view that the self is defined by consciousness ("I think therefore I am"). From a sociological perspective, theorists like Mead, Cooley, and Baudrillard see the self as formed through social interactions and consumption of goods. Anthropologically, culture shapes our sense of self and social identities are constructed based on features we emphasize. The document also summarizes Honneth's theory of recognition, which argues we develop self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem through recognition in spheres of love, rights, and solidarity.

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Lovie Fuentes
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2K views

Formation and Transformation

The document discusses theories of the self from philosophical, sociological, and anthropological perspectives. It summarizes Plato's view that the self is an immortal soul and Descartes' view that the self is defined by consciousness ("I think therefore I am"). From a sociological perspective, theorists like Mead, Cooley, and Baudrillard see the self as formed through social interactions and consumption of goods. Anthropologically, culture shapes our sense of self and social identities are constructed based on features we emphasize. The document also summarizes Honneth's theory of recognition, which argues we develop self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem through recognition in spheres of love, rights, and solidarity.

Uploaded by

Lovie Fuentes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION Personal Naming, a universal practice with numerous

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF cross cultural variation, establishes a child’s birthright


Socrates : An unexamined Life is not Worth Living” and social identity.
 Socratic method a method of examining one’s •It is an important devise to individualize a person and
thoughts and emotions to gain self knowledge. legitimize him or her as a member of a family
 Plato: The self is an Immortal Soul •Personal naming in all societies are intimate markers
Three Part of the Self of a person which differentiates him or her cultural self
 Reason is the divine essence that enables us to think •It symbolically represent him or her cultural self
deeply, make wise choices, and achieve a true SELF AND PHILOSOPHCAL ETHICS
understanding Axel Honneth introduce the Theory of Recognition
 Physical Appetite includes our basic biological needs For Honneth, recognition is essential requirement of
as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire self-realization.
 Spirit or Passion includes basic emotions such as love, An individual can develop into the person he or she
anger, ambition, aggressiveness and empathy. wants to be only in an atmosphere that allows him or
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE her to experience self-confidence, self-respect and self-
Aristotle: The Soul is the Essence of the Self esteem.
Anything with life has a soul He introduce the three spheres in recognition.
Soul is the essence of all living things Sphere of Love-refer to an individual’s primary
Rene Descartes: I Think therefore I am relationships which includes family, friends, and
Father of the Modern Philosophy romantic connections.
Confident that no rational reason will doubt (Self confidence is developed within this sphere when
his or her existence as a conscious and thinking entity physical as well as emotional needs are met.)
John Locke: The Self is Consciousness Sphere of Rights –recognition can be achieved if
The human mind at birth is tabula rasa everyone who bears the same rights are perceived and
Experiences shape and mold the self treated as equal.
throughout a person’s life (Self-respect is cultivated when a person experiences
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE recognition within the sphere of rights.)
A particular viewof oneself is formed through Sphere of solidarity –recognition happens when the
interactions with other people, groups, or social skills and abilitiesof an individual are
institutions. acknowledge.Acknowledgement is essential for an
Mead and Cooley (the self does not depend on individual to become fully individuated in this sphere.
biological predisposition; rather, it is a product of social (Self-esteem developed when one recognized as a self
interaction) or as an individual capable of making difference.)
 Jean Baudrillard (site that in the postmodern society, He shows what formation and transformation of the
the self is found in the prestige symbols of goods self entail.
consumed by people) The formation is never a handiwork of only a single
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE person mech less by the same person.
Edward Taylor, culture is a complex whole which Without recognition, therefore, the self may simply
includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law customs, into a vacuum.
and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man What also comes to mind are those individuals who
as a member of the society cannot make their conditions prevent them from
It is how people make sense of their experiences and becoming who they wish to be.
behave according to socially shared ideas, values, and The main interest of Philosophy on the formation and
perceptions. transformation of self is essentially ethical.
People construct their social identities. The self as an individual is a responsible participant
Identity toolbox refers to the features of a person’s who can shape his or her world into a place conducive
identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in for life.
constructing a social self.
•Kinship, age and gender are almost universally used to
differentiate people
•Family membership could be the most significant
feature to determine a person’s social identity.

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