MariaDB Introduction

“ By 2022, more than 70% of new in-

house applications will be
developed on an ODBMS, and
50% of existing commercial
RDBMS instances will have been
converted or will be in process.

Gartner | State of the Open-Source DBMS Market, 2018

 The Soul of
Open Source
“ MariaDB was created to preserve
openness and community, so that we can
push ahead faster with the capabilities

”
for tomorrow’s applications.

Michael “Monty” Widenius

Founder & CTO of MariaDB
Original Author of MySQL

3
 MariaDB Server Contributors
OLIVIER Security Key
BERTRAND Management
Spiral Arms – Plugin
CONNECT
Storage Spider Sharding
InnoDB Compressed
Engine
Galera Storage Binlog Events
Persistent Auto-
Cluster Engine
Increment for InnoDB

Encryption Atomic
Writes MaxScale Temporal
BinLog Storage
Engine SQL Patches
PL/SQL Support
MyRocks
Storage Engine
 Travel Retail & Ecommerce

Financial Services Gvmt & Education

60 Million Users in
45 Countries Trust Critical
Business Data to MariaDB
Telecom Media & Social
Technology & Internet
Ubiquitous Open Source Database
Linux Distributions Cloud Services & Stacks
 MariaDB ‘Fastest Growing Database’

Ranking https://db-engines.com/en/ranking_definition MariaDB https://db-engines.com/en/ranking_trend/system/MariaDB

Relational Database Comparison
MySQL EnterpriseDB MariaDB Oracle

INTERSECT/EXCEPT No Yes Yes Yes

User-defined aggregate functions No Yes Yes Yes

Oracle compatibility: PL/SQL No Proprietary Yes Yes

Oracle compatibility: sequences No Proprietary Yes Yes

Temporal data and queries (AS OF) No No Yes Yes

Data obfuscation/masking No No Yes Yes

Instant ADD COLUMN No No Yes Yes

INVISIBLE columns No No Yes Yes

COMPRESSED columns No No Yes Yes

Multi-purpose storage Partial No Yes No

The Economics of Inevitable Change

$9,123,360 On premise…
● Oracle costs 80x more
● Organizations can save $9 million
3 Year
Total Cost of In the cloud…
Ownership
● On AWS, Oracle costs 145x more
● On Oracle Cloud, it costs 69x more
$108,000 TCO https://mariadb.com/files/content/Oracle_TCO_MariaDB_2018.pdf
 MariaDB Subscription

MARIADB TX
Enterprise-grade secure, highly
available and scalable relational
database with a modern,
extensible architecture

MARIADB MAXSCALE MARIADB AX

Next-generation database Columnar storage engine for
proxy that manages security, massively parallel distributed
MARIADB TX CLUSTER scalability and high query execution and data
availability in scale-out loading
Advanced clustering for High
deployments
Availability. Active multi-master
topology, true synchronous
replication
MariaDB X3 Platform – Transactional & Analytical
MariaDB Master Server with Single/Multiple Slaves

● Simple robust architecture

Application
● Slaves for both DR and Failover
MaxScale
● Slave convenient for backups
● Slaves can lag behind master
● Slaves can also cascade
● Extra redundancy so that slave can replace master and have a
remaining slave
● MaxScale provides Read Splitting or Load Balancing
● MaxScale can detect master issues and provide automated fail-
over from master to slave for HA maintaining transaction integrity.
MariaDB Cluster (Multi-Master Server)
● Provides synchronous replication
● Works with InnoDB only
● No slave lag Application
MaxScale
● Transactions are sent to one cluster node
○ Commits occur across all nodes at once via WSREP (write
set replication)
○ Certification and quorum
○ Transactions may be rolled back if contention occurs
● Best if nodes near one another, not on WAN
● Best with read heavy use cases, not those with lots of WSREP WSREP

contention
● An HA solution, not a write scaling solution
● MaxScale can detect state of Galera nodes and avoid Galera Cluster
those that are out of synch
● MaxScale can load balance between nodes
MariaDB MaxScale

Security Scalability High Availability Data Streaming

Secure database Manage your Ensure uptime Stream

firewall to scale-out with no single transactional data
prevent cyber infrastructure point of failure and to data lake for
attacks like SQL without minimize real-time
injection and changing downtime during analytics
DDos application code upgrade
Customer Use Cases
● Lowering Total Cost of Ownership and/or moving to a Subscription Model.
● Flexibility to run on Premise and/or on Cloud.
● Migrate from MySQL as Customers are uncertain of its future.
● Offload production database to reduce cost.
● Ability to very quickly build applications without licensing constraints.
● Flexibility to pre-package Application with Database.
● Providing Customers with micro-services that require fast delivery.
● MariaDB is able to address OLTP and OLAP workloads requirements.
DBS Bank's Journey to Open Source | M|17 & M|18
DBS is the largest bank in Singapore. Forbes noted
them as first in total assets of $322.8 billion in 2016 –
number one in Southeast Asia. Their proclaimed
ambition: to be the “world’s best digital bank,” as they
were recently dubbed by Euromoney.
So, three years ago, Tay’s team started with open
source, including MariaDB. They started with simple,
less crucial applications. But that changed:
“Eventually we saw that the MariaDB platform is
very very robust, with no failures, so we built.” Joan Tay presenting at MariaDB M|17 in New York City

After six months, they had several apps running on MariaDB. At the end of 2016, they were closer to
twelve, still mostly “non-critical applications.” But this is about to change: in 2017, many “tier one” and
“tier two” mission critical applications are moving to MariaDB – including the big kahuna, Internet
banking. Tay and Sugumar are excited they’ve reached this point, but there are big go-live moments
ahead.
https://www.computerworlduk.com/cloud-computing/how-servicenow-deploys-mariadb-handle-25-billion-queries-per-hour-3672819/
ServiceNow deploys MariaDB to handle 25 Bil queries per hour
ServiceNow runs MariaDB at a pretty
unprecedented scale: nearly 85,000 databases
globally to be exact. That's 84,876 instances of
MariaDB, running 176,686,129 InnoDB tables and
processing those 25 billion queries per hour.
The IT service desk software-as-a-service (SaaS)
vendor is specifically running MariaDB TX, which
is the enterprise version of its open source
database, packaging up a range of tools and
services for managing, backing up and monitoring
core MariaDB technology, and is paid for on a
Tim Yim on stage at M18 in New York
subscription basis.
The key performance indicator for ServiceNow, like many technology companies, is availability. This is
one reason it runs so many instances across eight pairs of data centres globally, so that it can limit
failover to a single customer. Since moving to MariaDB the platform runs at 99.996 percent availability,
according to Yim's slides.

https://www.computerworlduk.com/cloud-computing/how-servicenow-deploys-mariadb-handle-25-billion-queries-per-hour-3672819/
MariaDB – Oracle
Comparison & Migration
Methodology
MariaDB Migrations Methodology
● Migration Courses
● YouTube MariaDB Channel

● Migration Training
● http://mariadbuniversity.learnu
pon.com

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOYJWFcer6s
Migration Assessment Tool
● SQL Lines Data Converter from http://www.sqlines.com/download
● Get them to download the latest Linux build and not Windows.
● Once downloaded and extracted, the command line goes this way:
shell> ./sqllines -s=oracle -t=mariadb_ora -a -in=oracle_schema_dump.sql
-s is the source database, i.e, Oracle
-t is the target database, in this case, it’s “mariadb_ora” to indicate we
want to assess based on oracle compatibility for MariaDB
-in is the input file to analyze
-a tells to generate an assessment report
● sqllines_report.html & sqlines_report_snippets.html
● sqllines_report.html contains the summary report while the sqllines_report_snippets.html
contain the lookup details of the actual code in use. While clicking on the links in the
sqllines_report.html, the snippet file will open up showing the actual code and the line
number from the source file.
Compatibility
MariaDB (modern) to Oracle (monolithic)
Oracle is can be seen as expensive and relatively rigid:
● High TCO, rigid license policies
● Even simple things (e.g. replication) can require complex licenses for special features

MariaDB is a modern solution:

● Lower TCO
● Cloud & Container deployments
● Free choice of data center topologies, increasing CPU / server count etc. - without costly
additional features
● State-of-the-art HA and distribution mechanisms
● Open Source, guaranteed by GPL and Foundation: OSS will predominate within 10-15 years
(Gartner)
● Integration of OLTP (TX) and OLAP/BI (AX)
MariaDB (lean) vs Oracle (heavy)
Lean vs. Heavy:
● MariaDB offers all core features of a relational DBMS
● In addition, we offer direct execution of PL/SQL code (SQL_MODE = ORACLE)
● MariaDB 10.3 makes it easy to migrate by taking over up to 80-90% of existing code
● The rest - if any - is subject to analysis and our best practices, incl. solutions / workarounds

Example migrations of features:

● Oracle RAC, shared-storage → MariaDB Galera Cluster
● Oracle Database Gateway for ODBC → CONNECT storage engine
● OC4J Load Balancing etc. → MariaDB MaxScale
● Oracle Database In-Memory → MEMORY Storage Engine
● Efficient subquery optimization → Optimized subqueries since 10.2
● Oracle OLAP → MariaDB AX, ColumnStore
(Third-Party) Tools Used
● Initial Data Migration:
○ SQLines Data
○ SymmetricDS
○ Cirro
○ Blitzz
● Ongoing Live Migration / Replication (for Failback):
○ SymmetricDS
○ Tungsten Replicator
Thank You.