GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

M.E. Semester: 1
Mechanical (All Specialization)
Computational Methods for Mechanical Engineers
Subject Code: 3710812

Type of course: Core course

Prerequisite: Zeal to learn the subject

Rationale: The course intends to provide mathematical foundations to graduate students. The course
should enhance their ability to develop mathematical models and solve problems using analytical and
numerical methods.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total
L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks Marks
ESE(E) PA (M) PA (V) PA (I)
3 0 2 4 70 30 30 20 150

Sr. Topics Hrs. Weighta

No. ge
1 Differential Equations: 08 17%
Basic Concepts: Modelling, Differential Equations, Ordinary and Partial
differentiation, Order of the equation, Solution, Existence and Uniqueness of
Solution, Initial Value problem, Boundary Value Problem, Linear and Non-Linear
Equation.
1st Order ODE: Geometric Meaning of y'= ƒ(x, y), Direction Fields, Euler’s Method;
Separable ODEs; Exact ODEs (Integrating Factors Method, Existence and
Uniqueness of Solution); Linear ODEs(Homogeneous and Non-Homogeneous,
Reduction to Linear problems); Orthogonal Trajectories.
2nd Order ODE: Linear Dependence and Linear Independence; Homogeneous Linear
ODEs of Second Order (Principal of Superposition, Initial Value Problem, Boundary
Value Problem); Homogeneous Linear ODEs with Constant Coefficients (Euler's
formula and review of the circular and hyperbolic function, Exponential Solutions,
Repeated Roots and Stability); Differential Operator; Modelling of Free Oscillations
of Spring-Mass System; Homogeneous Linear ODEs with Non Constant Coefficient
(Cauchy-Euler Equation, Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions); Nonhomogeneous
ODE, Modelling of Forced Oscillations, Solution by Variation of Parameters.
2 Laplace Transforms: 05 11%
Laplace Transform, Linearity, First Shifting Theorem (s-Shifting); Transforms of
Derivatives and Integrals, ODE; Unit Step Function (Heaviside Function), Second
Shifting Theorem (t-Shifting); Short Impulses, Dirac’s Delta Function, Partial
Fractions; Convolution,
Integral Equations; Differentiation and Integration of Transforms, ODEs with
Variable Coefficients; Systems of ODEs.
3 Linear Algebra: 07 15%
Matrices and Vectors: Vectors in 2-Space and 3-Space; Addition and Scalar
Multiplication, Matrix Multiplication; Linear Systems of Equations and Gauss
 Elimination, Ill-Conditioning, Linear Independence, Rank of a Matrix, Solutions of
Linear Systems: Existence and Uniqueness; Determinants and Cramer’s Rule;
Inverse of a Matrix, Gauss–Jordan Elimination; Solution by Iteration.
Vector Spaces, Inner Product Spaces, Norms, Linear Transformations; Matrix
Eigenvalues, Determining Eigenvalues-Eigenvectors and their applications; Power
Method for Eigenvalues; Symmetric, Skew-Symmetric, and Orthogonal Matrices;
Eigenbases, DiagonalizationTridiagonalization and LU-Factorization, QR-
Factorization, , Quadratic Forms; Complex Matrices and Forms.
4 Vector Calculus: 05 11%
Vector Product; Vector and Scalar Functions and Their Fields, Vector Calculus:
Derivatives; Curves, Arc Length, Curvature, Torsion; Gradient of a Scalar Field,
Directional Derivative; Divergence of a Vector Field, Curl of a Vector Field. Line
Integrals, Path Independence of Line Integrals; Green’s Theorem in the Plane,
Surfaces for Surface Integrals, Surface Integrals; Triple Integrals, Divergence
Theorem of Gauss, Further Applications of the Divergence Theorem, Stokes’s
Theorem.
5 Fourier Analysis and PDE: 08 17%
Fourier Series; Arbitrary Period, Even and Odd Functions, Half-Range Expansions;
Forced Oscillations; Approximation by Trigonometric Polynomials; Sturm–Liouville
Problems, Orthogonal Functions; Orthogonal Series, Generalized Four ier Series;
Fourier Integral; Fourier Cosine and Sine Transforms; Fourier Transform, Discrete
and Fast Fourier Transforms.
Basic Concepts of PDEs; Modeling: Vibrating String, Wave Equation; Solution by
Separating Variables; Use of Fourier Series; D’Alembert’s Solution of the Wave
Equation, Characteristics; Modelling: Heat Flow from a Body in Space, Heat
Equation: Solution by Fourier Series. Steady Two-Dimensional Heat Problems,
Dirichlet Problem; Modelling Very Long Bars: Solution by Fourier Integrals and
Transforms, Modelling: Membrane, Two-Dimensional Wave Equation; Rectangular
Membrane, Double Fourier Series; Laplacian in Polar Coordinates, Circular
Membrane, Fourier–Bessel Series; Laplace’s Equation in Cylindrical and Spherical
Coordinates, Potential; Solution of PDEs by Laplace Transforms.
6* Numeric Analysis: - 10%
Introduction, Solution of Equations by Iteration, Interpolation, Newton’s Divided-
Difference Interpolating Polynomials, Lagrange Interpolating Polynomials,
Coefficients of an Interpolating Polynomial, Inverse Interpolation; Spline
Interpolation, Numeric Integration and Differentiation.
Numeric Methods for: First-Order ODEs, Multistep Methods, Systems and Higher
(upto second) Order ODEs, Elliptic PDEs, Neumann and Mixed Problems, Irregular
Boundary, Parabolic PDEs, Hyperbolic PDEs.
7 Probability: 03 6%
Data Representation, Average, Spread; Experiments, Outcomes, Events; Probability,
Permutations and Combinations; Random Variables. Probability Distributions; Mean
and Variance of a Distribution; Binomial, Poisson, and Hypergeometric
Distributions; Normal Distribution
8 Statistics: 06 13%
Introduction, Random Sampling; Point Estimation of Parameter, Confidence
Intervals; Testing Hypotheses, Decisions; Goodness of Fit, X2 - Test, Nonparametric
Tests, Regression, Linear Regression, Polynomial Regression, General Linear
Regression, Nonlinear Regression, Correlation
* Topic to be covered during lab sessions
References:
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9/e, By Erwin Kreyszig, JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2/e, By M D Greenberg, Pearson Education
3. Numerical Methods for Engineers, S C Chapra, and R C Canale, McGraw-Hill

Course Outcomes:
1. Students will be able to develop mathematical models of physical phenomena.
2. Students will be able to solve ordinary and partial differential equations analytically as well as
numerically.
3. Students will learn fundamentals and applications of algebra for engineering problems.
4. Students will learn fundamentals of statistics and probability.

List of Experiments:
Prepare computer program (using any computer software) for following topics:

1. Solution of first order differential equation using numerical techniques.

2. Solution of nonlinear equation using bisection method, False position and Newton Raphson method.
3. Interpolation by Lagrange, Newton’s divided-difference and spline method.
4. Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
5. Matrix operations and power method for Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
6. Finding DFT of one dimensional signal.
7. Solving linear systems of equation using elimination and iteration methods.
8. Solution of PDE by finite difference method.
9. Fitting a straight line and quadratic curve to the given data.
10. Finding mean and variance of binomial, Poison & hyper geometric distribution.