CHAPTER II

Methodology

This study displays the methods used in this study. The researchers will also
explain the following processes: Research Design, Research Participants, Research
Instrument, Data Gathering Procedure and Data Analysis.

Research Design
This study will use the qualitative research design, wherein the researcher intend
to determine which is more effective style would improve both teacher and students
performance through their own preference in teaching, either the contemporary or
modern and basic ways of teaching. Another rationale why the researchers use the
qualitative research design to enable participant observations, in-depth interviews,
and focus groups methodologies which may be considered during the collection of the
data from the participants to gain a richly detailed understanding of a particular topic,
issue, or meaning based on first-hand experience.

The researcher will also use a descriptive phenomenological study to gather the
participant’s personal point of views regarding the learning system efficiency between
traditional and contemporary. Afterwards, the researchers will use the thematic
procedure to analyse the gathered data and c losely examines the data to identify common
themes – topics, ideas and answers that come up repeatedly.

Research Locale
This study will be conducted at Letran de Davao, Inc., located in Seminary Drive,
Tagum City, Davao del Norte.To classify which of the two lecturing method applied is
being practiced more, either Contemporary Education or Traditional and Basic
Education.
 LDDI was first introduced in the year 1965. Letran de Davao is formerly Saint
Mary's school for boys, early in 1956, Roman Catholic Bishop Joseph w. Regan,
proposed to the young Magugpo, the school for boys diocese intended for who aspiring
to enter the seminary. Mr & Mrs. Florencio Domingo and Dr. Nicolas Ostrea donated
some of their land for the school and seminary. In June 1974 the school applied permit
for a No. 114, S. 1975. A year later, it was granted a Government recognition No. 114,
S 1975, issued on the 17th of June 1976 by the department of education, culture.
Manila, Philippines. On June 16, 1987, the school officially name LETRAN DE DAVAO,
INC. Since 2001 – 2002 Fr. Fernando S. Fietta, CSCh managed the school and it was
supported by Italian benefactors to help young children to those who are in need of
education. In year 2019 Fr. Larry Jay P. Lantano, CSCh appointed as the new Director
Principal of Letran de Davao, Inc. Before, teachers in Letran de Davao are using
traditional teaching method in which the teachers are using the old instructing tools such
as visual aids,manila papers, and chalks. It was considered to be teacher-centered and
focuses mostly on the discussion of the teachers and how they train the learners.
However, as we reached the 21st Century, new and contemporary teaching techniques
were introduced. The modern teaching method is considered to be student-centered
and uses technological tools such as laptops, mobile phones, etc. Although there are
regulations in Letran de Davao that strictly prohibits the usage of gadgets in the school
campus, teachers cannot deny the benefit and assistance that these tools can give
especially to the learning of the students. As a result, measures where made and
enabled us to utilize the advantages we can get in using these gadgets. Both of these
methods are being practiced in this particular school that is why the researchers are
trying to identify which technique suits the environment of the school best.

Research Participants
The participants in our study will be the selected students and teachers in Letran
de Davao Incorporated. The researchers will choose 2 students for Elementary
Department and 4 students for the High School Department. Also, the researchers will
choose 2 teachers for the Elementary Department as well as another 2 teachers for the
High School Department. The total numbers of our research participants will be 10
participants taken from the 1,117 total numbers students and 46 teachers. The
Distribution of the participants is presented in the Table 2.1. In this study, the researcher
will use the purposive non-probability sampling to confirm our research participants. The
said participants must be capable of reading, writing, and active in listening to the
researcher’s open-ended questions.

Table 2.1 Distribution of Participants

Department Teacher/Grade Total Population Sample
Level Population
Elementary Teachers 13 2
Pre-school 72 1
Grade 1 – 6 216 1
High School Teachers 33 2
Grade 7 – 10 625 2
(including Senior
Grade 11 – 12 204 2
High School)
Total Teachers: 46 Teachers: 4
Students: 1,117 Students: 6
Total: 1,163 Total: 10

Research Instruments
In conducting the study, the researcher will use the in-depth interviews with guide
questions that will be responded by the participants. In-depth interview is a loosely
structured qualitative research technique that involves conducting intensive
individual interviews with a small number of participants to explore their perspectives on
a particular idea, program, or situation, allowing the freedom for both the interviewer
and the interviewee to explore additional points and change direction, if necessary. After
the interview, there will be focus group discussion between the researchers and the
participants.
 To guide the procedure of the interview, a semi-structured questionnaires which
provides open ended and close ended questions. Open questions that will be used in
questionnaires may produce unexpected results, which can make the research more
original and valuable. However, it is difficult to analyse the results of the findings when
the data is obtained through the questionnaire with open questions, the participants can
provide answers freely that can help the researchers actuate the goal of the study.

Data Collection
In collecting the data to our prior study, the researchers will first ask permission
to the school administrators in order to have validation to our data gathering
procedures. Prior to this, sending letters of verification to the Director/Principal,
Assistant Principals of Elementary including Junior High School and the Senior High
Focal Person in Letran de Davao will be the plan of the researchers in order to be given
tolerance in conducting the research in the school premises and collecting necessary
data for our research.

After being authorized by the administrators, the researchers will go to each

department and then choose the necessary participants such as students and the
teachers to participate to our interview. After choosing our associates, an in depth
interview will take place and ask them relevant questions that could help to our study.
Lastly the researchers will gather all the participants to join the Focus Group Discussion
and by that, we will be using audio or video recorder to record the discussion that has
taken place.

Data Analysis
The researchers will be initiating the Data Analysis through the usage of a type of
Statistical Analysis specifically referred as Inferential Analysis. It analyses the concrete
data through samples from the population. The researchers can start by conducting
questions for the individual interview of each sample respondent. Different assumptions
and conclusions can be made through different samples from the same population. With
the utilization of interviews on different samples, researchers will be able to identify and
analyze the firm data needed for the particular study. On the other hand, Prescriptive
Analysis can also be applied to this study for it combines all the insight from all previous
analysis to determine which action to take in a current problem or decision. The
researchers can study the history of the school and past studies concerning about the
major phase changes of the teaching methods in Letran. Interviewing teachers and
personnel from the sample population might assist us in gathering previous information.

LEARNING SYSTEM EFFICIENCY: CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION

AGAINST TRADITIONAL AND BASICS IN LETRAN DE DAVAO INC.

Members:

Jhannajh Cainitic

Mikke Glynn Cunado

Benie Arguelles

Chrel John Anino

Yuuki Oyamada

Jowee de Guzman
 Submitted to: Mr. Kobe Patungan

Practical Research 1 Subject Teacher