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How Chemistry Contributes To The Understanding of Household and Personal Care Products

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Eunice Acuna
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3K views28 pages

How Chemistry Contributes To The Understanding of Household and Personal Care Products

Uploaded by

Eunice Acuna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOW CHEMISTRY CONTRIBUTES TO

THE UNDERSTANDING OF
HOUSEHOLD AND PERSONAL CARE
PRODUCTS
a. Biodegradable

✘ capable of being decayed by the


action of living organisms. The number
of years depends on many factors
such as the kind of waste,
environmental temperature and type of
microorganism.

2
b. Non-biodegradable

✘ incapable of being decayed by the


action of living organisms

3
C. Surfactants

✘ a surface active agent, capable of


reducing the surface tension of liquids.
For example, in washing oil off plates,
surfactants help the oil and water
come together by weakening the
surface tension of oil.

4
d. Emulsifier

✘ encourages the suspension of one


liquid in another (e.g. margarine is a
mixture of oil and water). It is also
called a stabilizer. It extends storage
life and prevents separation of
ingredients.

5
e. Emollient -

✘ any substance that softens the skin by


slowing the evaporation of water.

6
COMMON ACTIVE
INGREDIENTS
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Amino Acids
✘ UV radiation incites oxidative stress, which
damages proteins responsible for skin’s tone
and texture. A supply of amino acids at the site
(i.e. topically applied amino acids) can facilitate
quicker skin repair for more noticeable results—
improved elasticity and firmness, diminished
fine lines and wrinkles.
✘ However, there are hundreds of amino acids.
The two most effective for skin care are proline
9 and glycine.
Cetyl or Stearyl Alcohol
✘ This ingredient is a fatty alcohol that has
hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties. These
properties make it an ideal emulsifier—an
agent that keeps ingredients that normally do
not “play well” with each other—like oil and
water—from separating. It’s water-attracting
and repelling properties can also help to draw
moisture to the skin (hydration) as well as
provide a barrier against it.
10
Glycerin
✘ Glycerin is a common (and inexpensive)
“humectants”—an ingredient that pulls
moisture from the atmosphere. Glycerin is
often used in moisturizers and other products
designed to aid moisture retention.

11
Salicylic Acid
✘ This ingredient is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA)
with anti-inflammatory properties. As a BHA, it
is lipophilic—it can dissolve in oil, allowing it to
penetrate deeper into pores and remove
excess oil. It also stimulates skin cell turnover
and reduces irritation an redness. As a result,
salicylic acid is a common treatment for acne.

12
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
✘ SLS is a detergent (cleaner) and lathering
agent. It is often added to shampoos and
cleansers to generate foamy bubbles. SLS is
not biodegradable, and there is some
speculation about its carcinogenic potential.
As a result, sulfate-free cleansers are
becoming more popular.

13
THREE CATEGORIES
OF HAZARDOUS
INGREDIENTS
CARCINOGENS
✘ Carcinogens cause cancer and/or
promote cancer’s growth.

15
Endocrine Disruptors
✘ Endocrine Disruptors mimic human hormones,
confusing the body with false signals.
✘ Exposure to endocrine disruptors can lead to
numerous health concerns including
reproductive, developmental, growth, and
behavior problems.
✘ Reduced fertility, miscarriage, menstrual
problems, challenged immune system, and
certain cancers.
16
Neurotoxins
✘ Neurotoxins alter neurons, affecting brain
activity, causing a range of problems from
headaches to loss of intellect.

17
CHEMICALS TO AVOID
PESTICIDES
✘ Pesticides are fat-soluble, making
them difficult to eliminate from the
body once ingested.
✘ Pesticides, including disinfectants,
may also include alkylphenol
ethoxylates (APEs)
✘ Often include carcinogens and
endocrine disruptors.
19
APEs (Alkylphenol ethoxylates)
✘ APEs acts as surfactants.
✘ APEs are found in detergents,
disinfectants, all-purpose cleaners and
laundry cleansers.
✘ APEs are endocrine disruptors.

20
Formaldehyde
✘ Formaldehyde is commonly known as
preservative. Many people do not
know that it is also a germicides,
bactericide, and fungicide.
✘ Can be found in household cleaners
and disinfectant.
✘ Formaldehyde is a carcinogens.

21
Styrene
✘ Styrene is a naturally occurring
substance derived from the styrax tree.
✘ Styrene can be found in floor waxes
and polishes, and metal cleaners.
✘ Styrene is a known carcinogen as well
as an endocrine disruptor.

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Phthalates
✘ Phthalates are most commonly used in
the manufacture of plastics.
✘ Can be found in household cleaners
and detergents. They are also used as
carriers for perfumes and air
fresheners.
✘ They are endocrine disruptors and
suspected carcinogens.
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The safest course of action a consumer can take is to
inform him or himself. Here are some suggestions:

✘ Read product labels. Don’t use


products with a signal word stronger
than “Caution”.
✘ Research the chemicals listed on the
product labels through the Household
Products Database, the Cosmetics
Database, Toxnet and Scorecard.

24
The safest course of action a consumer can take is to
inform him or himself. Here are some suggestions:

✘ Avoid products with fragrances. A


clean home should smell like nothing
at all.
✘ Use homemade cleaning solutions
made from good, old-fashioned
common ingredients such as vinegar,
baking soda, and borax

28

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