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Packages: DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038

Packages allow related modules to be grouped together and organized hierarchically. A package is a directory containing an __init__.py file that identifies it as a package. Packages can contain subpackages and modules. The main advantages of packages are that they allow for resolving naming conflicts, uniquely identifying components, and improving application modularity.

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Rajendra Buchade
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170 views4 pages

Packages: DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038

Packages allow related modules to be grouped together and organized hierarchically. A package is a directory containing an __init__.py file that identifies it as a package. Packages can contain subpackages and modules. The main advantages of packages are that they allow for resolving naming conflicts, uniquely identifying components, and improving application modularity.

Uploaded by

Rajendra Buchade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Packages

It is an encapsulation mechanism to group related modules into a single unit.


package is nothing but folder or directory which represents collection of Python modules.

Any folder or directory contains __init__.py file,is considered as a Python package.This file
can be empty.

A package can contains sub packages also.

__init__.py

File 1

File 1 File 1
__init__.py __init__.py

x.py y.py m.py n.py

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nd
DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
1  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www.durgasoft.com
__init__.py

File 1

File 1 File 1

__init__.py __init__.py

Module 1 Module 1 Module 1 Module 1

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Loan

The main advantages of package statement are

1. We can resolve naming conflicts


2. We can identify our components uniquely
3. It improves modularity of the application

Eg 1:

D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-pack1
|-module1.py
|-__init__.py

__init__.py:

empty file

module1.py:
def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in pack1")

test.py (version-1):
import pack1.module1
pack1.module1.f1()

nd
DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
2  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www.durgasoft.com
test.py (version-2):

from pack1.module1 import f1


f1()

Eg 2:

D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-com
|-module1.py
|-__init__.py
|-durgasoft
|-module2.py
|-__init__.py

__init__.py:

empty file

module1.py:

def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in com")

module2.py:

def f2():
print("Hello this is from module2 present in com.durgasoft")

test.py:

1. from com.module1 import f1


2. from com.durgasoft.module2 import f2
3. f1()
4. f2()
5.
6. Output
7. D:\Python_classes>py test.py
8. Hello this is from module1 present in com
9. Hello this is from module2 present in com.durgasoft

Note: Summary diagram of library,packages,modules which contains functions,classes


and variables.

nd
DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
3  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www.durgasoft.com
Library

pack 1 pack 2 --------------- pack n

module 1 module 2 module n module 1 module 2 module n

function 1 function 2 function n variables classes

nd
DURGASOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
4  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www.durgasoft.com

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