The English-Dothraki Dictionary ( ver 3.

083)

Written by Lajaki (Richard Littauer)

www.dothraki.org

December 11th , 2013

This is the English to Dothraki Dictionary. Dothraki is the language for the Dothraki peop-
le, a nomadic war-mongering race that ride the aptly-named Dothraki Sea steppes in George
R.R. Martin’s series, A Song of Ice and Fire. It was created by David Peterson, of the Language
Creation Society, for the HBO adaptation of the series: all copyright belongs to HBO and the
LCS. This is a dictionary only of publicly made information, from posts on the LCS blog, the
original books, David Peterson’s blog and personal emails. Words which have been created by
David Peterson are listed as DP - words created from the original book are listed as M. For
more information, go to dothraki.org.
Bold indicates an English definition. Italics indicate the Dothraki translation. There are now
separate, numbered entries for each word that has different definitions for different parts of
speech (root words are generally excluded from this practice).
Plain text indicates grammatical categorization: parentheses indicate extra information.
The IPA indicates the correct pronunciation, and should now be fully up-to-date. Some transcrip-
tions may have allomorphs, as in [qoj] or [qh oj].
Transitivity for verbs is marked if known: vtr., for transitive verbs, and vin. for intransitive
verbs; words marked v. are either unattested or ambitransitive, or their transitivity is unable
to be deduced.
Noun animacy is marked na. for animate nouns, and ni. for inanimate nouns. Nouns
marked simply n. are at this time unattested for animacy. A capital letter following a noun
part of speech indicates whether a noun is ’type A’ or ’Type B’. Type B nouns generally take
an epenthetic /e/ when they are shortened to stems, type A do not. Note that the type A/B
apparently applies to verbs as well.
Since the lexical form of Dothraki nouns and verbs are inflected forms, you will not see
stems in this dictionary, except in a few rare cases. An attempt is being made to indicate the
stems now, and it is hoped that eventually, all words with a questionable stem form will show
the correct stem.
Stress markings have been removed, as the stress is fairly predictable, and will be more
completely addressed in a future version of this dictionary.
Numbers are also listed here where David Peterson specifically attested one-word terms
for them. There is also now a numbers section in the appendices.
The words herein should include all publicly known words. But if you find more words
elsewhere, spot any errors or inconsistencies, or have any comments, please let me know on
the forum. Thanks.
This dictionary is updated to match the Wiki edit of 11 December 2013, 08:03z.
TEST MODE: Changes were recently made to the underlying code that drives the dictio-
nary to remove a means of checking updates for accuracy, etc. offline. So, updates need to be
checked online. If you see the word ’test’ following the version number, that means that the

1
version is being actively updated, and is not considered ’released for general use’. Use test up-
dates at your own risk. In general, the dictionary is in test mode for only an hour or so, every
7-10 days. Come back in an hour or so, and the dictionary should be back in ’general release’
state.
NOTE ON ACCURACY: The English-Dothraki dictionary is generated automatically as
a by-product of generating the Dothraki-English dictionary. All efforts are made to ensure
the Dothraki-English dictionary is accurate and readable. This results in some entries in the
English-Dothraki dictionary not being as useful as they could be. This is an artifact of the auto-
generation process, and I cannot correct these discrepencies. Wherever I can, I try to edit things
so they will be proper in both dictionaries, but I am not always successful in doing this. If you
need to ensure something you see here is correct and authoritative, check either the Dothraki-
English dictionary, or the Dothraki vocabulary wiki. If you see something here that is woefully
wrong, please bring it to my attention on the dictionary thread of the Dothraki forums.
Many praises and thanks go to Lajaki and Ingsve, who originally compiled this, and Tuiq,
who originally put the coding online. Thanks also goes out to the folks at learnnavi.org, who
now host the backend server and database (as well as our website), that generates this dictio-
nary. Much of the maintenance of this dictionary is now being done by Hrakkar.

2
The Dictionary
A

about, concerning: [qesi] DP prep. to nom. qisi and so, and then, then, so, consequently:
>
(1) [madZin ] DP conj. majin
above, over: [oleT] DP prep. to gen. oleth and then, then, so, and so, consequently:
>
absent, missing: [som] DP adj. som (2) [madZin ] DP conj. majin
accurate sword strike, a quick, powerful: animal carcass: [d ozgix] DP ni. dozgikh
[hRakkaRix] DP ni. hrakkarikh animal, beast: [Rhoa] DP n. rhoa
across: [jomme] DP prep. to nom. yomme (1) animate noun: [vexix asavva] DP n. vekhikh as-
act, deed: [tix] DP ni. tikh avva
ankle, wrist: [hlofa] DP ni. hlofa
adult whose body was not burned, ghost:
announcement: [an n
ese] DP ni. annese
[ei
l ] DP na. lei (1)
another, other: [eSn a] DP adv. eshna
advice: [Zillie] DP ni. zhillie
anxious: [man imven] DP adj. manimven
after: [iRge] DP prep. to gen. irge (2) anxiousness: [aTman imvenar] DP ni. athma-
again, back: [save] DP adv. save nimvenar
alike, the same way: [akkate] DP adv. akkate any: [Zille] DP det. zhille
alive: [Tir] DP adj. thir any grass-like ground cover, a type of grass:
all, every: [ei] DP det. ei [hRann a] M ni. hranna
ally: [kemik] DP na. kemik any, some, few, a bit of: [oj l ] DP det. to gen.
>
almost, nearly: [tSir] DP v.aux. chir loy (2)
along, through: [vi] DP prep. to all. vi app, useful thing: [d avRax] DP ni. davrakh
already: [raj] DP adv. ray (1) apple: [qAzer] DP ni. qazer
also, as well, even, re-: [akka] DP adv. akka arm, hand: [qORa] DP na. qora
always: [ajjej] DP adv. ayyey armor : [Sor tawakof] DP na. shor tawakof (lit.
steel dress)
an extremely large number: [joRosor] DP num. >
army: [al dZasar] DP na. lajasar
yorosor
arrow: [oqAm
l ] DP n. loqam
An image or symbol depicted on a tattoo:
as well, also, even, re-: [akka] DP adv. akka
[iRix
l ] DP ni. lirikh
> as, like: [ven ] DP conj. ven
an instance of blocking, block: [dZazo] DP ni. ashamed: [n avviRzeTaj] DP adj. navvirzethay
jazo ashes: [ix] DP ni. ikh
an unnoticed and uncalled-for erection: asleep: [remek] DP adj. remek
[fitteja] DP ni. fitteya athlete, stud: [Rhaek] DP na. rhaek
ancestor: [kim] DP na. kim (1) authentic, metal, real, legitimate: [tawak] DP
ancestry: [kimisir] DP na. kimisir ni. tawak
>
and: [ma] DP conj. ma (1) autumn: [tsafka] DP ni. chafka

B
>
a bit of, some, few, any: [oj l ] DP det. to gen. bank (of a body of water): [edZax] DP ni. ejakh
loy (2) bark: [d
iSah] DP ni. dishah
baby, infant: [en ta] DP n. enta basket: [qEso] DP ni-A. qeso
back: [iRge] DP n. irge (1) bass fish: [ZaqE] DP n. zhaqe
>
back, again: [save] DP adv. save battle: [viladZeRo] DP ni. vilajero
>
bad, evil: [mel] DP adj. mel bean (general use): [tSal] DP ni. chal
>
ball: [fiRi] DP n. firi bean (when used as food): [tSalleja] DP ni.

3
 >
challeya block, an instance of blocking: [dZazo] DP ni.
bear: [hlizif] DP na. hlizif jazo
beard: [SiRan e] DP ni. shirane blood: [qOj] DP ni. qoy
beast: [iveZo] DP n. ivezho blood of my blood: [qOj qOji] DP phrase qoy
beast, animal: [Rhoa] DP n. rhoa qoyi
beat, rythmic noise: [oqO] DP ni. oqo blood sausage: [n in
TqOji] DP ni. ninthqoyi
beautiful : [ain
l ] DP adj. lain(used for inani- bloodrider: [d oTRaxqOji] DP ni. dothrakhqoyi
mate nouns) bloodriders, small group of protectors, gene-
beautiful : [Zean a] DP adj. zheana(for animate rals: [xasar] M na. khasar
nouns) blowhard, braggart: [esittesak] DP na. esittesak
>
because : [hadZin aan] DP conj. haji- blue: [Telis] DP adj. thelis
naan(followed by prefix me-) boar, pig, pork: [qefo] DP ni. qifo
because of, by, of: [ki] DP prep. to gen. ki (1) body: [xad o] DP na. khado
>
because of, on account of: [hadZi] DP prep. to bodyguard: [ko] M na. ko
abl. haji (1) bone: [toloro] M ni. tolorro
bee: [giz] DP n. giz book: [timvir] DP n. timvir
beef, cow: [d alfe] DP ni. dalfe boot: [tim] DP ni. tim
>
beet: [tSot] DP ni. chot born: [jol] DP adj. yol
> bow: [kohol] DP ni. kohol
beet paste: [tSotteja] DP ni. chotteya
beetle: [inte] DP ni. inte box, trunk, chest, cask: [xogaRi] DP ni. khogari
before, in front of: [hatif] DP prep. to gen. ha- boy : [raxi] DP n. rakhi(insult)
tif (2) boy, lamb: [rax] M n. rakh
beginner: [n avik] DP na. navik braggart, blowhard: [esittesak] DP na. esittesak
>
bell: [ajena] DP ni. ayena braidless: [dZahakmen ] DP adj. jahakmen
belly: [gan go] DP ni. gango brain (human): [joTn haRe] DP ni. yothnhare
belt: [imo] DP ni. imo breast: [od aja] DP n. odaya
big: [Zokwa] DP adj. zhokwa breed of horse with reddish or brown coat:
bird: [zir] DP n. zir [tehin
] DP n. tehin
bird call, tweet: [memziRi] DP ni. memziri breeze: [gillo] DP n. gillo
bird of prey, raptor: [ziRqOji] DP ni. zirqoyi bridge: [osoleT] DP ni. osoleth
birth: [aTjolar] DP ni. athyolar brittle: [iTkoil] DP adj. ithkoil
birthday: [aSSexqOji] DP ni. asshekhqoyi broken: [samva] DP adj. samva
bite: [osto] DP n. osto brother: [gaezo] DP n. gaezo
black: [kazga] DP adj. kazga brown skinned, brown: [n oZoven] DP adj. noz-
black stork, stork : [qAn a] DP n. qana(of any hoven
kind) brown, brown skinned: [n oZoven] DP adj. noz-
blade: [az] DP ni. az hoven
>
bladed writing: [iRisiRazo
l ] DP ni. lirisirazo bubble, swelling: [ritS] DP ni. rich
>
blanket: [dZan ha] DP n. janha bucket: [igge] DP n. igge
bleeding: [qeja] M adj. qiya bull: [noah] DP na. noah
blemish, nick, imperfection, flaw: [koge] DP but: [vosma] DP conj. vosma
ni. koge butterfly: [Zalia] DP ni. zhalia
blessing: [aZasavva] DP ni. azhasavva by, because of, of: [ki] DP prep. to gen. ki (1)

C
>
"company", trader’s guild: [dZeRakasar] DP na. [rai] DP intj. rai
jerakasar can : [az
l ] DP v.aux. laz (2)(assigns present ten-
a cheer, a yell of encouragement, ’hurrah’: se)

4
carrot: [feso] DP ni. feso comet: [SieRak qeja ] M n. shierak qiya
cart: [Rhaggat] M ni. rhaggat comfort, simplicity: [aTd isizar] DP ni. athdisi-
cask, box, trunk, chest: [xogaRi] DP ni. khogari zar
cat: [havzi] DP n. havzi command, word: [ase] DP ni. ase
>
category, class: [ven eser] DP na. veneser complex, thick: [n RodZ] DP adj. nroj
> >
category, part, piece: [sactSeja] DP ni. saccheya complex, to be thick: [n RodZat] DP vin. nrojat
caterpillar: [filki] DP ni. filki concerning, about: [qesi] DP prep. to nom. qisi
cavern: [veRakasar] DP na. verakasar (1)
certainly, surely: [sekoSSi] DP adv. sekosshi conjoined, married: [kem] DP adj. kem
certainty: [aTgoSar] DP ni. athgoshar consequently, and then, then, so, and so:
chair: [ador] DP ni. ador >
[madZin ] DP conj. majin
chatterbox, one who sounds like horse’s hoo- constructed language: [exmove l ] DP ni.
ves: [fRed Rik] DP na. fredrik lekhmove
> >
cheek (on the face): [d etS] DP ni. dech cooking pot: [dZolin o] DP ni. jolino
> >
cheese: [dZelli] DP ni. jelli corn: [dZoRok] DP ni/na. jorok
chest, box, trunk, cask: [xogaRi] DP ni. khogari corn bunting : [faqqe] DP na. faqqi(a bird)
chestnut horse: [n oZo] DP n. nozho corpse: [xad ox] DP ni. khadokh
> >
chicken: [dZiz] DP na. jiz correct : [aTdZilar] DP ni. athjilar(when used as
child: [jalli] DP na. yalli an exclamation, lit. rightness)
child in the womb), to carry (in a cart, sack,
could : [az
l ] DP v.aux. laz (1)(assigns past ten-
to contain: [oSat
l ] DP v. loshat
se)
chin: [vik] DP ni. vik
council: [doS] DP n. dosh
chop: [tavat] DP v. tavat
country, land: [RhaeS] M na. rhaesh
city: [vaes] M ni. vaes
cover: [qEmmo] DP na. qemmo
class, category: [ven eser] DP na. veneser
cow, beef: [d alfe] DP ni. dalfe
clearing in a forest: [d an a] DP ni. dana
clenched thing, fist: [himo] DP n. himo coward: [aResak] DP na. aresak
> coward: [filkak] DP na. filkak
climate: [tSafasar] DP na. chafasar
> cranberry: [asfaviRzeT] DP ni. asfavirzeth
closed, shut, sealed: [dZon ] DP adj. jon
clothes: [qEmmosor] DP na. qemmosor crazy, mad: [jofi] DP adj. yofi
clothes, word for one’s apparel: [xogar] DP ni. cream, a film on top of a soup: [flas] DP ni. flas
>
khogar cricket: [tSifji] DP na. chifti
>
cloud: [fas] DP n. fas cricket man : [tSiftik] DP na. chiftik(used as an
cold: [fiS] DP adj. fish insult)
collapse, defeat: [aTohhaRar] DP ni. athohharar crossing: [jom] DP ni. yom
collection: [jan qOx] DP ni. yanqokh crown: [fiRixn haRen ] DP ni. firikhnharen
color: [viSSiya] DP ni. vishiya curved sword: [aRax] M,DP ni. arakh

a defensive strike : [veRix] DP ni. verikh(with a DP ni. onqotha

sword) a distance of approximately one fourth mile:
a dessert made from thagwa and eaten with [iRvosa] DP ni. irvosa
dried fruit: [TagwaS] DP ni. thagwash dancing: [aTeZiRar] DP ni. athezhirar
a different thing: [esin
ax] DP ni. esinakh dancing: [eZiRaj] DP adj. ezhiray
a distance of about a half mile which can danger: [aTZowakar] DP ni. athzhowakar
>
be cantered in one: [tSetiRa] DP ni. chetira dangerous: [Zowak] DP adj. zhowak
leshitof dappled horse: [fan sa] DP n. fansa
a distance of approximately 1/8 mile: [on qOTa] dark (of color): [ao] DP adv. ao (2)

5
 > >
dark bay horse: [tSejao] DP na. cheyao discussion: [aTdZeRizar] DP ni athjerizar
> >
dark brown skinned: [tSejaoven ] DP adj. chey- discussion: [dZeriya] DP ni. jerriya
>
aoven disrespectful: [zitSome] DP adj. zichome
date : [kimix] DP ni. kimikh(fruit of a date distance traveled in one leshitof, mile:
palm) [kaRlina] DP ni. karlina
daughter: [ohaRa] DP ni. ohara do : [haS] DP conj. hash (2)(question word)
>
daughter of a khal, princess: [xalakki] DP na. dog: [dZan o] DP ni. jano
khalakki Dothraki : [lex d oTRaki] DP np. lekh dothra-
day: [aSSex] DP na. asshekh (3) ki(language)
dead: [dRiv] DP adj. driv Dothraki hair-braid, lion’s mane, hairstyle:
>
death: [aTd Rivar] DP ni. athdrivar [dZahak] DP na. jahak
deception, lie, trap: [qOsaRven ix] DP ni. qosar- down: [zohhe] DP adv. zohhe
venikh dragon: [ZavoRsa] DP ni. zhavorsa
deceptive: [qOsaRven ] DP adj. qosarven dragon : [ZavvoRsa] DP ni. zhavvorsa(alternate
deed, act: [tix] DP ni. tikh pronunciation of zhavorsa)
deep: [ao] DP adj. ao (1) dragon glass : [son d
Ra] DP ni-B. sond-
deep, depths: [aTaozar] DP ni. athaozar ra(obsidian)
deer : [qeaseh] DP na. qiaseh(archaic) dream: [aTThiRaRid o] DP ni. atthirarido
Default preposition for foreign words thet dress, garment worn primarily by women :
>
do not decline: [hadZi] DP prep. haji (2) [Sor] DP na. shor
defeat, collapse: [aTohhaRar] DP ni. athohharar dried fig: [kemis] DP n. kemis
>
deity, god: [voddZor] DP ni. vojjor dried plum: [filla] DP ni. filla
departure: [aTezar] DP ni. athezar dried salted meat: [Zifix] DP ni. zhifikh
depths, deep: [aTaozar] DP ni. athaozar dry: [aT] DP adj. ath
destination, goal: [ovveTix] DP ni. ovvethikh duck: [alegRa] DP ni. alegra
>
destiny: [fasqOji] DP ni. fasqoyi dull: [fletS] DP adj. flech
did you know?: [haS jer raj n esi] DP phrase dumb: [toki] DP adj. toki
>
hash yer ray nesi dun horse: [otSa] DP n. ocha
different: [esina] DP adj. esina during, while, when, until, then: [kaS] DP
dirt: [soRfo] DP ni. sorfo conj., adv. kash
dirty: [soRf] DP adj. sorf dust: [vod ] DP ni. vod
disappointed: [ost
l ] DP adj. lost duty: [aTTar] DP ni. atthar

eagle: [kolver] DP na. kolver form if modifying a noun.)

> >
ear: [tSaRe] DP ni. chare eighty: [tSoRi] DP num. chori
>
earth : [soRfosor] DP na. sorfosor(world) either, or: [tSe] DP det. che
earthquake: [vaS hRazefmen ] DP n. vash hrazef- elbow, knee: [vem] DP n. vem
men elders: [fozaki] DP na. fozaki
east: [tiTa] DP ni. titha eleven: [aTTi] DP num. atthi
>
eastern: [tiT] DP adj. tith emphatic negative, of course not: [vosettSi]
eating spree for a special taste: [an
l exi
l ] DP ni. DP adv. vosecchi
lanlekhi end, stop: [naxo] DP ni. nakho
egg: [gale] DP n. gale enemy : [d ozgo] DP ni, na. dozgo(used as na.
eight: [oRi] DP num. ori when referring to a specific enemy)
eight hundred: [oRiken ] DP num. oriken enemy horde, slang for one’s own khalasar:
eighteen: [oRitTi] DP num. oritthi [d
ozgosor] DP na. dozgosor
eighth : [oRik] DP na. orik(ordinal, use genitive enormous: [Zokakkwa] DP adj. zhokakkwa

6
enough: [exaan
l ] DP n. lekhaan executioner, someone responsible for some-
> >
environs, place: [gatSe] DP ni. gache one’s death: [dZaqqA] DP n. jaqqa
even, also, as well, re-: [akka] DP adv. akka exhausted: [haqEqqE] DP adj. haqeqqe
every, all: [ei] DP det. ei exit: [esemRasax] DP ni. esemrasakh
>
everyone: [ejak] DP pn. eyak extreme, limit, lay: [aTtSilar] DP ni. athchilar
evil, bad: [mel] DP adj. mel eye: [tih] DP na. tih
excellent , greatness: [aTveZven ar] DP ni. ath- eye healer: [koalaxtihan ] DP ni. koalakhtihan
vezhvenar(when used as an exclamation) eyelid: [qEmmotihan ] DP ni. qemmotihan

’foot’ , forearm: [qOraja] DP ni qor- filly, turnip: [vad o] DP ni. vado
raya(measure) finger: [tir] DP ni. tir
a feint or decoy strike : [gezRix] DP ni. fire: [voRsa] DP na. vorsa
gezrikh(with sword) firey, flashing: [ozziRven ] DP adj. ozzirven
a film on top of a soup, cream: [flas] DP ni. flas first: [ataki] DP adj. ataki
face: [hatif] DP n. hatif (1) first : [atak] DP na. atak(ordinal, use genitive
failure: [jeni] DP ni. yeni form if modifying a noun.)
fake, wooden: [id o] DP adj. ido first, firstly: [atte] DP adv. atte
>
family: [RhodZosor] DP na. rhojosor firstly, first: [atte] DP adv. atte
famous: [hakeso] DP adj. hakeso fish: [esSina] DP n. eshina
far: [heZah] DP adv. hezhah fist, clenched thing: [himo] DP n. himo
farther, further: [alle] DP adv. alle five: [mek] DP num. mek
fast: [d
ik] DP adj. dik five hundred: [mekken ] DP num. mekken
fat: [oiRo] DP adj. oiro fizzle out, to burn out: [Sin at] DP v. shinat
fat, wide: [ovah] DP adj. ovah flag: [xiRo] DP ni. khiro
fatality: [aTaddRivar] DP ni. athaddrivar flame: [voRsax] DP ni. vorsakh
father: [ave] DP na. ave flash, sparkle: [d ili] DP ni. dili
fear: [aTRoxar] DP ni. athrokhar flashing, firey: [ozziRven ] DP adj. ozzirven
feast day: [vittejqOji] DP ni. vitteyqoyi flaw, nick, blemish, imperfection: [koge] DP
feast, gathering with a feast: [vitteja] DP ni. ni. koge
vitteya flawless: [kogmen ] DP adj. kogmen
feather: [feld
ex] DP ni. feldekh flesh, skin of an animal: [xer] DP ni. kher
female dog: [nhomi] DP na. nhomi flower: [halah] DP na. halah
>
female goat: [dZin ] DP na. jin (2) fly: [afis] DP n. afis
female healer: [koalakeesi] DP na. koalakeesi foal: [nero] DP ni. nerro
female relative: [kRista] DP na. krista fog: [deveS] DP ni. devesh
fermented: [ohaZo] DP adj. ohazho follower, subject: [silak] DP na. silak
fermented mare’s milk: [amex l ohaZo] DP ni. food: [had aen ] DP ni. hadaen
lamekh ohazho fool: [tokik] DP na. tokik
few, some, any, a bit of: [oj l ] DP det. to gen. foot, leg: [Rhae] M n. rhae
loy (2) for: [ha] DP prep. to all. ha (2)
fifteen: [mekTi] DP num. mekthi forbidden: [izven ] DP adj. izven
fifth : [mekak] DP na. mekak(ordinal, use geni- ford (of a river), gem: [d an
] DP ni. dan
tive form if modifying a noun.) forearm, ’foot’ : [qOraja] DP ni qor-
>
fifty: [tSimek] DP num. chimek raya(measure)
fig : [Zorof] DP ni. zhorrof (fresh fruit of a fig forehead: [viS] DP n. vish
tree) foreigner: [ifak] DP na. ifak
>
fighter, warrior: [al dZak] DP na. lajak forest: [qEvir] DP n. qevir

7
 >
forty: [tSitor] DP num. chitor from before, from front of: [hatif] DP prep. to
four: [tor] DP num. tor abl. hatif (4)
four hundred: [toRken ] DP num. torken from behind: [iRge] DP prep. to abl. irge (4)
fourteen: [toRTi] DP num. torthi from front of, from before: [hatif] DP prep. to
fourth : [toRak] DP na. torak(ordinal, use geni- abl. hatif (4)
>
tive form if modifying a noun.) frozen: [dZeSo] DP adj. jesho
>
fox: [dZiT] DP na. jith fruit: [jot] DP ni. yot
free: [seRis] DP adj. seris frustration: [aTahhaqAr] DP ni. athahhaqar
>
freeze: [dZeSolat] DP v. jesholat fucker : [govak] DP na. govak(insult)
>
freezing: [dZeSoj] DP adj. jeshoy funeral pyre: [voRsqOji] DP ni. vorsqoyi
>
fresh: [tSoS] DP adj. chosh fur: [hem] DP ni. hem
friend, trustee: [okeo] DP na. okeo furry: [heme] DP adj. heme
frog: [jetto] DP ni. yetto further, farther: [alle] DP adv. alle
from: [ha] DP prep. to abl. ha (1) fury: [aTostar] DP ni. athostar

G
>
game: [viladZeRoS] DP ni. vilajerosh goal, destination: [ovveTix] DP ni. ovvethikh
garlic: [mRed i] DP n. mredi goat: [d
oRvi] DP ni. dorvi
garment worn primarily by women , dress: >
god, deity: [voddZor] DP ni. vojjor
[Sor] DP na. shor golden: [hoSor] DP adj. hoshor
gate: [emRax] DP ni. emrakh good, kind: [eRin ] DP adj. erin
gathering with a feast, feast: [vitteja] DP ni. good, useful: [d avRa] DP adj. davra
vitteya
gossip. busybody: [Silak] DP na. shilak
gem, ford (of a river): [d an] DP ni. dan
grandfather: [simon of] DP na. simonof
general: [Zilli] DP adj. zhilli
grandmother: [kRistasof] DP ni. kristasof
generals, small group of protectors, bloodri-
ders: [xasar] M na. khasar grape: [sewaf] DP n. sewaf
ghost, adult whose body was not burned: gray: [SiqET] DP adj. shiqeth
[ei
l ] DP na. lei (1) great: [veZven] DP adj. vezhven
giddyup!: [hoS] DP intj. hosh greatness, excellent : [aTveZven ar] DP ni. ath-
gift: [aZo] DP ni. azho vezhvenar(when used as an exclamation)
girl: [n
ajat] DP ni. nayat green: [dahaan] DP adj. dahaan
> guard: [oSak
l
glancing blow , weak hit: [tSiftix] DP ni. chif- ] DP na. loshak
tikh(with sword) guard, watch: [vitihiRak] DP na. vitihirak
glove: [hlaka] DP ni. hlaka guest: [n
evak] DP na. nevak
Go!, Here!, Let’s go!: [gwe] DP intj. gwe gust of wind: [had or] DP n. hador

’hot’, really sexy: [mezahhe] DP adj. mezahhe halt : [soRohis] DP intj. sorohis(when referring
’hurrah’, a yell of encouragement, a cheer: to a horse)
[rai] DP intj. rai hand, arm: [qORa] DP na. qora
a horde loyal to a single khal: [xalasar] M na. handmaid: [xaleessija] DP ni. khaleessiya
>
khalasar harvest moon: [dZalan qOji] DP n. jalan qoyi
hair: [n
oReT] DP ni. noreth have to, must: [eT] DP v.aux. eth
hairstyle, Dothraki hair-braid, lion’s mane: he, she, it: [me] DP pn. me
>
[dZahak] DP na. jahak head (of a human): [n haRe] DP na. nhare
>
half: [satSi] DP ni. sachi head (of an animal): [oggo] DP na. oggo

8
 >
headache: [mhaRi] DP ni. mhari hi: [matS] DP intj. m’ach (a shortened version
healer : [koalak] DP na. koalak(chiefly a male of m’athchomaroon)
healer) hi : [maT] DP intj. m’ath
heap, pile: [san ] DP ni. san (1) high: [jaT] DP adj. yath
heart: [Zor] DP na. zhor (1) hill: [olta] DP ni. olta
heartbeat: [oqOoqO] DP ni. oqooqo him, her, it, his, her/hers, its : [mae] DP
heavy: [ohaZ] DP adj. ohazh pn. mae(both third person and possessive
heel of a boot: [vemiSix] DP ni. vemishikh forms)
heel of the hand or foot: [vemiS] DP ni. vemish his, him, her, it, her/hers, its : [mae] DP
help: [Rhellaja] DP ni. rhellaya pn. mae(both third person and possessive
help: [Rhiko] DP ni. rhiko forms)
hemp: [feri] DP ni. ferri hollow: [ren Ren
oh] DP adj. renrenoh
her, him, it, his, her/hers, its : [mae] DP honey: [gizix] DP ni. gizikh
>
pn. mae(both third person and possessive honor: [tSomox] DP ni. chomokh
forms) hope: [aTzalar] DP ni. athzalar
>
her/hers, him, her, it, his, its : [mae] DP horn: [tSiva] DP ni. chiva
pn. mae(both third person and possessive horse: [hRazef] DP ni. hrazef
forms) horse lord: [veZak] DP na. vezhak
herd: [dRogix] DP ni. drogikh hot: [afaZ] DP adj. afazh
herd of wild horses, ’traffic’: [hRazefeser] DP how: [kifin osi] DP adv. kifinosi
na. hrazefeser hundred: [ken ] DP num. ken
>
here: [dZinn e] DP adv. jinne hundredth: [ken ak] DP num. kenak
Here!, Let’s go!, Go!: [gwe] DP intj. gwe hunter: [fon ak] DP na. fonak
hereabouts, near: [qesi] DP adv. qisi (2) hunting party: [fon akasar] DP na. fonakasar
hey! : [hale] DP intj. hale(exclamation) husband: [mahRaZkem] DP ni. mahrazhkem

I: [anha] DP pn. anha inanimate noun: [vexix hRan n

a] DP n. vekhikh
ibex: [d oRvof] DP ni. dorvof hranna
>
> incorrect, wrong: [odZil] DP adj. ojil
ice: [dZeS] DP ni. jesh
> infant, baby: [en ta] DP n. enta
icon, idol: [dZoRo] DP ni. joro
> information: [n esix] DP ni. nesikh
icy: [dZeSven] DP adj. jeshven instructions, mesage: [assox] DP ni. assokh
idea, thought: [d iRge] DP ni. dirge intestines: [gaoli] DP n. gaoli
>
idol, icon: [dZoRo] DP ni. joro into: [mRa] DP prep. to all. mra (2)
if prolonged, to gallop fast enough to kill a introduction: [aSSie] DP n. asshie
horse: [kaRlin
qOji] DP ni. karlinqoyi iron: [SiqETi] DP ni. shiqethi
if...then, when...then: [haS] DP conj. hash (1) island: [qele] DP n. qile
it’s a trap!: [me oRzo] DP phrase me orzo!
imperfection, nick, blemish, flaw: [koge] DP
it, he, she: [me] DP pn. me
ni. koge
it, him, her, his, her/hers, its : [mae] DP
in front of, before: [hatif] DP prep. to gen. ha-
pn. mae(both third person and possessive
tif (2)
forms)
in spite of: [jomme] DP prep. to abl. yomme (2) its , him, her, it, his, her/hers: [mae] DP
>
in this way, thus: [kidZin osi] DP adv. kijinosi pn. mae(both third person and possessive
in, on, upon: [Se] DP prep. to nom. she (1) forms)

9
J
>
joke word for someones behind: [tSojo] DP juicy: [saToma] DP adj. sathoma
ni. choyo just a bit, slightly, not much: [zolle] DP adv.
jug: [heffof] DP ni. heffof zolle
juice: [Tom] DP ni. thom just, only: [d
isse] DP adv. disse

kid, young goat: [mafo] DP na. mafo kind, good: [eRin] DP adj. erin
killing spree: [an
l qOji] DP ni. lanqoyi king, Title used for the leader of a Dothraki
kilometer : [kaRlin
a valeRi] DP ni. karlina Vale- horde: [xal] M na. khal
ri(measure) kiss: [zoqwa] DP n. zoqwa
kind one, lady: [eRinak] DP na. erinak knee, elbow: [vem] DP n. vem

lack: [geRix] DP ni. gerikh light (of color): [d ei] DP adv. dei (2)
lady, kind one: [eRin ak] DP na. erinak light brown skinned: [qAhlan ven
] DP adj.
lake: [tozaRa] DP na. tozara qahlanven
>
lamb (female): [vafi] DP ni. vafi light skinned: [otSaven ] DP adj. ochaven
lamb girl: [vafik] DP na. vafik lightning: [sisi] DP na. sisi
lamb, boy: [rax] M n. rakh like, as: [ven] DP conj. ven
lame, limp: [d aRin
] DP adj. darin >
limit, lay, extreme: [aTtSilar] DP ni. athchilar
lameness: [aTd aRin
ar] DP ni. athdarinar limp, lame: [d aRin
] DP adj. darin
land, country: [RhaeS] M na. rhaesh limper : [mattek] DP na. mattek(insult)
language: [exl ] DP na. lekh (1) lion’s mane, Dothraki hair-braid, hairstyle:
>
lark: [kan e] DP na. kane [dZahak] DP na. jahak
>
lay, limit, extreme: [aTtSilar] DP ni. athchilar lips (of a person), rim: [heT] DP ni. heth
>
lazy: [havziven ] DP adj. havziven liver: [tSeno] DP ni. cheno
leader: [akkelen ak] DP na. akkelenak lizard: [Zav] DP n. zhav
>
leader of the hunt or host: [id Rik] DP na. idrik locust: [tSelsian] DP na. chelsian
leaf: [daeni] DP ni. daeni long: [neak] DP adj. neak
learner: [ezok] DP na. ezok look, vision: [aTtihar] DP ni. athtihar
leather: [xeRix] DP ni. kherikh loose, moveable, portable: [ovRaj] DP adj. ov-
left: [sin
daRine] DP adv. sindarine ray
left side: [sindaRin
ex] DP ni. sindarinekh lost: [ei
l ] DP adj. lei (2)
leg, foot: [Rhae] M n. rhae loud: [avax
l ] DP adj. lavakh
legitimate, metal, real, authentic: [tawak] DP louse: [glen] DP n. glen
ni. tawak love : [aTfiezar] DP ni. athfiezar(between sib-
>
lemon: [dZela] DP ni. jela lings or friends)
Let’s go!, Here!, Go!: [gwe] DP intj. gwe love : [aTZilar] DP ni. athzhilar(romantic or sex-
lie, trap, deception: [qOsaRven ix] DP ni. qosar- ual love; a private word)
venikh low: [zoh] DP adj. zoh
life: [aTTiRar] DP ni. atthirar lungs: [gad im] DP ni. gadim
>
light: [Sexix] DP ni. shekhikh lying, supine: [tSilaj] DP adj. chilay

10
M

’meter’ : [Rhaesof valiRi] DP ni. rhaesof Vali- metal, real, authentic, legitimate: [tawak] DP
ri(measure) ni. tawak
mad, crazy: [jofi] DP adj. yofi mettle, a person’s worth or ability, ’soul’: [oa-
magic: [aTmovezar] DP ni. athmovezar kah] DP ni. oakah
>
magician, warlock: [movek] DP na. movek midnight: [ad do addZalani] DP n. addo ajjalani
make a "U-turn", to suddenly turn comple- might: [iS] DP v.aux. ish
tely around (as if by surprise): [id iRolat] mile, distance traveled in one leshitof:
v. idirolat [kaRlin
a] DP ni. karlina
DP
million: [jor] DP num. yor
male relative: [simon ] DP na. simon
missing, absent: [som] DP adj. som (2)
man: [mahRaZ] DP na. mahrazh
mole: [geve] DP na. geve
many, much: [san ] DP det. to gen. san (2) >
moon: [dZalan ] DP na. jalan
mare: [ame
l ] DP n. lame
more: [alix] DP ni. alikh
mare’s milk : [amex
l ] DP ni. lamekh(plain or morning: [aen a] DP n. aena
fermented) mother: [mai] DP na. mai
marked, smudged: [Soven ] DP adj. shoven mother who is breastfeeding her child:
>
market: [dZeser] DP n. jeser [d
Ran e] DP na. drane
married, conjoined: [kem] DP adj. kem mother’s milk : [d Ranex] DP ni. dra-
marrige: [aTkemar] DP ni. athkemar nekh(human milk)
>
marsh: [xizRa] DP ni. khizra mountain: [kRazaadZ] DP ni. krazaaj
maybe: [iSiS] DP adv. ishish mouse: [gimi] DP n. gimi
me: [an
na] DP pn. anna mouth of a human: [gomma] DP n. gomma
mouth of an animal: [hoska] DP n. hoska
meat: [gavat] DP ni. gavat
moveable, loose, portable: [ovRaj] DP adj. ov-
meat of a nut, pit of a fruit: [Zor] DP n. zhor (2)
ray
medicine: [koala] DP ni-A. koala
> much, many: [san ] DP det. to gen. san (2)
mercenary, turncloak, traitor: [tSafak] DP na. mule: [enoSSo] DP ni. enossho
chafak muscle: [meso] DP n. meso
>
mercy men : [dZaqqA Rhan ] M n. jaqqa rhan(not must, have to: [eT] DP v.aux. eth
literal translation) mysterions, strange: [qEmmemmo] DP adj.
mesage, instructions: [assox] DP ni. assokh qemmemmo

nail: [tiRix] DP ni. tirikh nine: [qAzat] DP num. qazat

name: [hake] DP na. hake nine hundred: [qAzatken ] DP num. qazatken
narrow: [Tif] DP adj. thif nineteen: [qAzaTi] DP num. qazathi
near, hereabouts: [qesi] DP adv. qisi (2) >
ninety: [tSiqAzat] DP num. chiqazat
>
nearly, almost: [tSir] DP v.aux. chir ninth : [qAzatak] DP na. qazatak(ordinal, use
neck, stem: [enl ta] DP n. lenta genitive form if modifying a noun.)
nephew: [sieRa] DP na. siera nipple (on a teat): [Teja] DP n. theya
net: [kad e] DP ni. kade no , not: [vos] DP adv. vos(negator)
never: [avvos] DP adv. avvos no;, not: [vo] adv. vo a shortened variant of
nick, blemish, imperfection, flaw: [koge] DP vos, that may be used when the next word
ni. koge starts with a consonant.
>
niece: [dZan ise] DP na. janise nonsense: [aTastoxd eveSizar] DP ni. athas-
nightmare: [aTd RivaRido] DP ni. athdrivarido tokhdeveshizar

11
north: [valSe] DP ni. valshe not, no;: [vo] adv. vo a shortened variant of
northeasterner: [valStiTak] DP na. valshtithak vos, that may be used when the next word
northern: [valS] DP adj. valsh starts with a consonant.
northerner: [valSek] DP na. valshek nothing: [vosi] DP ni. vosi
nose, tip: [riv] DP n. riv noun: [vexix] DP na. vekhikh (2)
>
not much, slightly, just a bit: [zolle] DP adv. now: [addZin ] DP adv. ajjin
zolle numerous: [samven ] DP adj. samven
not, no : [vos] DP adv. vos(negator) nut : [tif] DP n. tif (woody seed)

oath, vow: [asqOji] DP ni. asqoyi hraki)

obedient response, yes: [ai] M intj. ai one who sounds like horse’s hooves, chatter-
object, thing: [vexix] DP ni. vekhikh (1) box: [fRed
Rik] DP na. fredrik
occurrence: [melix] DP ni. melikh one, something: [ato] DP ni. ato
> onion: [glas] DP n. glas
of course not, emphatic negative: [vosettSi]
DP adv. vosecchi
only, just: [d
isse] DP adv. disse
of mine: [an n
i] DP pn. anni onto: [Se] DP prep. to all. she (3)
of poor quality, useless: [ed avRasa] DP adj. opal: [kendRa] DP ni. kendra
edavrasa opening, opportunity, vulnerability: [ovRax]
of, by, because of: [ki] DP prep. to gen. ki (1) DP ni. ovrakh
opportunity, opening, vulnerability: [ovRax]
off of: [Se] DP prep. to abl. she (2)
DP ni. ovrakh
old: [eRSe] DP adj. ershe >
or, either: [tSe] DP det. che
old: [foz] DP adj. foz
orange: [saTomax] DP ni. sathomakh
olive: [ewe] DP n. ewe
orderly, patterned: [kelen] DP adj. kelen
olive oil: [ewex] DP ni. ewekh
organ : [rea] DP na. rea(internal body part)
olive pit: [ewweja] DP ni. ewweya orgasm: [n iqexxeja] DP ni. niqikkheya
omen, sign: [assixqOji] DP ni. assikhqoyi original: [kim] DP adj. kim (2)
>
on account of, because of: [hadZi] DP prep. to other, another: [eSna] DP adv. eshna
abl. haji (1) out of: [mRa] DP prep. to abl. mra (3)
on, upon, in: [Se] DP prep. to nom. she (1) over, above: [oleT] DP prep. to gen. oleth
one: [at] DP num. at overview: [tihixziRi] DP ni. tihikhziri
>
one who is respectful : [tSomak] DP na. cho- owl: [id
iRo] DP na. idiro
mak(insulting when used for a fellow Dot- own: [Zore] DP adj. zhorre

a person’s worth or ability, mettle, ’soul’: [oa- pale skinned: [meSSihven ] DP adj. messhihven
kah] DP ni. oakah palimino horse: [qAhlan ] DP n. qahlan
>
a personal bodyguard: [xha] DP na. kha part, category, piece: [sactSeja] DP ni. saccheya
a public dressing down, shaming: [aRan e] DP passive particle: [nem] DP v.aux. nem
n. arrane path, road: [os] DP ni. os
pack, sack: [moska] DP n. moska patterned, orderly: [kelen] DP adj. kelen
pain: [aTniTar] DP ni. athnithar pear: [sovi] DP n. sovi
painful: [niT] DP adj. nith pear brandy: [sovix] DP ni. sovikh
painless: [niTmen] DP adj. nithmen pelt: [hemix] DP ni. hemikh
painlessness: [aTn iTmen ar] DP ni. athnithme- perlino horse: [meSSih] DP n. messhih
>
nar person: [vodZ] DP na. voj

12
pestle: [kafe] DP n. kafe portable, loose, moveable: [ovRaj] DP adj. ov-
>
piece, category, part: [sactSeja] DP ni. saccheya ray
pig, boar, pork: [qefo] DP ni. qifo portion of meat: [vinte] DP ni. vinte
>
pika: [tSoo] DP na. choo powerful, a quick, accurate sword strike:
pile, heap: [san] DP ni. san (1) [hRakkaRix] DP ni. hrakkarikh
pink: [Tejaven ] DP adj. theyaven prayer, saying: [asto] DP n. asto
pit of a fruit, meat of a nut: [Zor] DP n. zhor (2) >
> prepared food: [dZolinix] DP ni. jolinikh
place, environs: [gatSe] DP ni. gache prepared, tight; ready: [heTke] DP adj. hethke
plain(s): [ramasar] DP na. ramasar prepared, tight; ready: [heTkat] DP v. hethkat
plain, simple: [d is] DP adj. dis >
pride, prowess: [aTdZahakar] DP ni. athjahakar
plateau, summit, top: [rajan ] DP ni. rayan
prince, son of a khal: [xalakka] M na. khalakka
plum: [soqwi] DP ni. soqwi
plum tree: [soqwof] DP ni. soqwof princess, daughter of a khal: [xalakki] DP na.
point on a route, ’via point’: [eleisosax] DP ni. khalakki
eleisosakh prize, spoils: [qORasox] DP ni. qorasokh
poison: [iz] DP n. iz prophecy: [assixqOjisir] DP na. assikhqoyisir
>
poison water: [eveTiz] DP ni. evethiz prowess, pride: [aTdZahakar] DP ni. athjahakar
pomegranate: [d aki] DP ni. daki puddle: [oj
l ] DP ni. loy (1)
>
pony: [dZed d
a] DP ni. jedda pungent: [d ave] DP adj. dave (2)
pork, boar, pig: [qefo] DP ni. qifo purple: [reaven] DP adj. reaven

a quick, powerful, accurate sword strike: question: [qAf] DP ni. qaf

[hRakkaRix] DP ni. hrakkarikh quiet, soft: [haf] DP adj. haf
queen, wife of a khal: [xaleesi] M na. khaleesi

’roundabout’, round road: [osfir] DP ni. osfir relative conjunction; how: [kiRekosi] DP adv.
rabbit: [mawizzi] DP ni. mawizzi kirekosi
rain: [ejel] DP ni. eyel relative conjunction; why: [kiRexd iRgi] DP
raisin: [rigwa] DP n. rigwa adv. kirekhdirgi
ramp: [jaTox] DP ni. yathokh relative pronoun that introduces relative
raptor, bird of prey: [ziRqOji] DP ni. zirqoyi clause, when speaking of an animalte ob-
ject: [fin
] DP pn. fin (2)
rat: [eqse
l ] DP ni leqse
relative pronoun that introduces relative
raven: [nhizo] DP na. nhizo
clause, when speaking of an inanimate
re-, also, as well, even: [akka] DP adv. akka object: [fini] DP pn. fini (2)
real, metal, authentic, legitimate: [tawak] DP remaining: [zin aj] DP adj. zinay
ni. tawak
repetitive: [qOT] DP adj. qoth
really sexy, ’hot’: [mezahhe] DP adj. mezahhe required, requisite: [zigeRe] DP adj. zigere
really, very, so: [sekke] DP adv. sekke requisite, required: [zigeRe] DP adj. zigere
reason why: [velzeRix] DP ni. velzerikh >
respect to those that are respectful : [aTtSomar
red: [viRzeT] DP adj. virzeth >
tSomakea] DP phrase athchomar chomakea(A
red wine: [viRzeTa] DP ni. virzetha greeting said to a group)
reflexive particle: [n emo] DP v.aux. nemo >
respect, reverence: [aTtSomar] DP ni. athcho-
refuse, waste: [gRad dax] DP ni. graddakh (1) mar
> >
reins: [dZavRaT] DP n. javrath respectable, respectful: [vitSomer] DP adj.

13
 vichomer rigid: [n
iqE] DP adj. niqe
>
respectful one: [vitSomeRak] DP na. vichomerak rigidity: [aTniqAr] DP ni. athniqar
>
respectful, respectable: [vitSomer] DP adj. rim, lips (of a person): [heT] DP ni. heth
vichomer ring: [fiRe] DP ni. fire
response: [elzix] DP ni. elzikh ring: [fiRix] DP ni. firikh
rest: [aTmiTRar] DP ni. athmithrar rip: [gen
de] DP n. gende (1)
rest: [miTRi] DP n. mithri ripped: [gen de] DP adj. gende (2)
return: [aTessazar] DP ni. athessazar river: [aSefa] DP na. ashefa
> road, path: [os] DP ni. os
reverence, respect: [aTtSomar] DP ni. athcho-
mar roof, top part, top: [eSSeja] DP ni. essheya
rice: [gamiz] DP ni. gamiz root: [gaRfoT] DP n. garfoth
ride: [d
oTRax] DP ni. dothrakh rope: [fiez] DP n. fiez
rider: [d
oTRak] DP na. dothrak rose: [hanna] DP ni. hanna
> rosemary: [d avveja] DP ni. davveya
rider: [sadZak] DP na. sajak
> rosemary bush: [d ave] DP na. dave (1)
right : [hadZe] DP adj. haje(direction)
> rotten: [rix] DP adj. rikh
right side: [hadZex] DP ni. hajekh
> round: [fir] DP adj. fir
right, rightful: [dZil] DP adj. jil round road, ’roundabout’: [osfir] DP ni. osfir
>
right, rightfully: [kaTdZilaRi] DP adv. kathjilari ruby: [ozzir] DP n. ozzir
>
rightful, right: [dZil] DP adj. jil running: [aTlan ar] DP ni. athlanar
>
rightfully, right: [kaTdZilaRi] DP adv. kathjilari rythmic noise, beat: [oqO] DP ni. oqo

S
>
’shh’, sound used to calm a horse or child: [af- sealed, closed, shut: [dZon ] DP adj. jon
fa] DP intj. affa second: [akataki] adj. akataki
’soul’, a person’s worth or ability, mettle: [oa- second : [akatak] DP na. akatak(ordinal, use ge-
kah] DP ni. oakah nitive form if modifying a noun.)
a straight sword thrust: [kolveRix] DP ni. kolve- seed, sperm: [elain ] DP n. elain
rikh semblance: [ven ix] DP ni. venikh
sack, pack: [moska] DP n. moska setting sun: [Sex d Rivo] DP ni. shekh drivo
sack, satchel: [zan d
e] DP n. zande seven: [fex] DP num. fekh
sack, to carry (in a cart, child in the womb),
seven hundred: [fexken ] DP num. fekhken
to contain: [oSat
l ] DP v. loshat
seventeen: [fexTi] DP num. fekhthi
saddle: [d aRif] DP ni. darif
seventh : [fexak] DP na. fekhak(ordinal, use ge-
safe: [sandi] DP adj. sandi
> nitive form if modifying a noun.)
said at parting : [fon as tSek] DP phrase fonas >
seventy: [tSifex] DP num. chifekh
cheklit. hunt well
> sex: [aThilezar] DP ni. athhilezar
salmon: [dZoma] DP ni. joma
salt: [Zif] DP ni. zhif sexy: [mezahe] DP adj. mezahe
salty: [Zifven] DP adj. zhifven shackle: [efe] DP ni. efe
sand: [qESah] DP ni. qeshah shade: [zan iSSi] DP ni. zanisshi
satchel, sack: [zan d
e] DP n. zande shallow: [d ei] DP adj. dei (1)
sausage: [n in
di] DP ni. nindi shaming, a public dressing down: [aRan e] DP
saying, prayer: [asto] DP n. asto n. arrane
scorpion: [SiRo] DP na. shiro sharp: [has] DP adj. has
scratch: [zisoS] DP ni. zisosh she, he, it: [me] DP pn. me
screamer: [awazak] DP na. awazak sheep (singular): [oqEt] DP ni. oqet
sea: [havaZ] DP n. havazh ship: [Rhaggat eveT] DP n. rhaggat eveth

14
shit : [gRad dax] DP intj. graddakh (2)(generic smudged, marked: [Soven ] DP adj. shoven
undirected profanity) snake: [gezRi] DP na. gezri
shoe: [oRzi] DP ni. orzi sniff: [rivve] DP ni. rivve
short: [fitte] DP adj. fitte snow: [aheS] DP ni. ahesh
>
should: [dZif] DP v.aux. jif so, and then, then, and so, consequently:
>
shoulder: [elme] DP ni. elme [madZin ] DP conj. majin
shriveled: [rof] DP adj. rof so, very, really: [sekke] DP adv. sekke
> soft: [TaS] DP adj. thash
shut, closed, sealed: [dZon ] DP adj. jon
sickness: [aTZixar] DP ni. athzhikhar soft, quiet: [haf] DP adj. haf
sign, omen: [assixqOji] DP ni. assikhqoyi some: [ale] DP adj. ale
> some, few, any, a bit of: [oj l ] DP det. to gen.
silent: [tSak] DP adj. chak
silk: [tasox] DP ni. tasokh loy (2)
silkworm: [taso] DP n. taso someone responsible for someone’s death,
>
silver: [viZad i] DP ni. vizhadi executioner: [dZaqqA] DP n. jaqqa
simple, plain: [d is] DP adj. dis something, one: [ato] DP ni. ato
simplicity, comfort: [aTd isizar] DP ni. athdisi- son: [riZ] DP na. rizh
zar son of a khal, prince: [xalakka] M na. khalakka
sister: [inavva] DP n. inavva song: [hojali] DP ni. hoyali
sitting-spot: [n evax] DP ni. nevakh sorceress, wise, witch: [maegi] M ni. maegi
six: [Zind
a] DP num. zhinda sore: [mhar] M adj. mhar
six hundred: [Zin daken] DP num. zhindaken sore-foot: [Rhae mhar] M n. rhae mhar
sixteen: [Zin Ti] DP num. zhinthi sound: [mem] DP n. mem
sixth : [Zindak] DP na. zhindak(ordinal, use ge- sound of fire going out: [Sin ] DP n. shin
nitive form if modifying a noun.) sound of horse’s hooves on dirt: [fRed Ri] DP n.
> fredri
sixty: [tSiZinda] DP num. chizhinda
size: [aTZokwazar] DP ni. athzhokwazar sound used to calm a horse or child, ’shh’: [af-
skin: [ilek] DP n. ilek fa] DP intj. affa
skin of an animal, flesh: [xer] DP ni. kher soup: [mesin a] DP ni. mesina
>
skinny: [red d
i] DP adj. reddi sour: [dZelaven] DP adj. jelaven
skull: [d aif] DP ni. diaf south: [heske] DP ni. heske
sky: [asavva] DP na. asavva southern: [hesk] DP adj. hesk
slang for an annoying woman: [vikeesi] DP n. sparkle, flash: [d ili] DP ni. dili
vikeesi spawn: [haeS] M ni. haesh
slang for one’s own khalasar, enemy horde: spear: [Zani] DP ni. zhani
[d
ozgosor] DP na. dozgosor species of forest spider: [ifeqEvRon ] DP n.
slave: [zafRa] DP ni. zafra ifeqevron
slaver: [azzafRok] DP na. azzafrok speed: [aTd ikar] DP ni. athdikar
sleek, thin: [red d
a] DP adj. redda sperm, seed: [elain ] DP n. elain
slightly, not much, just a bit: [zolle] DP adv. spider: [qOsar] DP n. qosar
zolle spoils, prize: [qORasox] DP ni. qorasokh
slow: [vRoz] DP adj. vroz spotted : [ejeli] DP adj. eyeli(e.g. the status of
small: [n aqes] DP adj. naqis having spots)
small group of protectors, bloodriders, gene- spouse: [kemak] DP na. kemak
rals: [xasar] M na. khasar spring: [ejelke] DP ni. eyelke
>
smelly: [ atSRa] DP adj. achra stallion: [veZ] DP na. vezh
smile: [eme] DP ni. eme stampede: [vaS] DP n. vash
smiley: [emeS] DP ni. emesh stand up! : [akko] DP intj. akko!(short for akko-
smoke: [fih] DP ni. fih varas, for commanding animals)
smooth: [es] DP adj. es star: [SieRak] M na. shierak

15
stay! : [reRi] DP intj. reri!(short for vikoveras, qemmemmo
for commanding animals) stride, ’yard’ : [Rhaesof] DP ni. rhae-
>
steed: [sadZo] DP na. sajo sof (measure)
>
stem, neck: [en
l ta] DP n. lenta strong: [hadZ] M adj. haj
stick: [keRix] DP ni. kerikh stud, athlete: [Rhaek] DP na. rhaek
still: [zin
] DP v.aux. zin (particle for continua- subject, follower: [silak] DP na. silak
tion) subject, topic, theme: [aRan ix] DP ni. aranikh
>
stink: [atSRax] DP ni. achrakh suitably warm: [ita] DP adj. ita
stomach: [toRga] DP ni. torga (1) summer: [voRsaska] DP ni. vorsaska
stone: [n egwin] DP adj. negwin summit, top, plateau: [rajan ] DP ni. rayan
stone house: [okRen egwin] DP ni. okrenegwin sun: [Sex] DP ni. shekh
stop, end: [n axo] DP ni. nakho sunset: [aTHdRivar Sexi] DP ni. atthdrivar shekhi
stork , black stork: [qAn a] DP n. qana(of any sunset: [aTdRivaR Sexi] DP ni. athdrivar shekhi
>
kind) supine, lying: [tSilaj] DP adj. chilay
storm: [vaz] DP n. vaz surely, certainly: [sekoSSi] DP adv. sekosshi
stormborn: [vazjol] DP ni. vazyol sweet: [gizixven] DP adj. gizikhven
>
straight: [nRis] DP adj. nris swelling, bubble: [ritS] DP ni. rich
strange, mysterions: [qEmmemmo] DP adj. sword strike: [ild
o] DP ni. ildo

’traffic’, herd of wild horses: [hRazefeser] DP that : [haz] pn. haz (2)(when speaking of an
na. hrazefeser animate object present and directly indica-
a type of grass, any grass-like ground cover: ted)
[hRanna] M ni. hranna that : [rek] DP pn. rek (2)(when speaking of an
tail: [eve] DP n. eve animate object not present or indirectly in-
tame: [Sim] DP adj. shim dicated)
task: [Tix] DP ni-A thikh that , thus: [ki] DP prep. ki (2)(when precee-
taste: [exi
l ] DP ni. lekhi ding quoted speech)
tattoo: [ir
l ] DP ni. lir that place , there: [rekke] DP ni. rekke(acc.)
tattoo artist: [iRak
l ] DP na. lirak the instigator’s half of the act , verb: [tixxeja]
tattoos : [iRisir
l ] DP ni. lirisir(irregular plural) DP ni. tikkheya(Grammatical sense) cf. me-
tear, tears: [aqex
l ] DP n. laqikh likheya
tears, tear: [aqex
l ] DP n. laqikh the last : [naxok] DP adj. nakhok(functions like
ten: [Ti] DP num. thi an ordinal number)
tent: [okRe] DP n. okre the patient’s half of the act : [melixeja] DP
tenth : [Tik] DP na. thik(ordinal, use genitive ni. melikheya(grammatical, not medical me-
form if modifying a noun.) aning) cf. tikkheya
that: [rek] DP det. rek (1) (when speaking of an the same way, alike: [akkate] DP adv. akkate
object not present or indirectly indicated) theme, subject, topic: [aRan ix] DP ni. aranikh
that: [reki] DP pn. reki (when speaking of an then : [aRek] DP adv. arrek(not in the immedia-
inanimate object not present or indirectly te future) cf. ahhaz
indicated) then : [ahhaz] DP adv. ahhaz(in close or imme-
that : [haz] DP det. haz (1)(when speaking of diate future) cf. arrek
an object present and directly indicated) then, and then, so, and so, consequently:
>
that : [hazi] DP pn. hazi(when speaking of an [madZin ] DP conj. majin
inanimate object present and directly indi- then, while, when, until, during: [kaS] DP
cated) conj., adv. kash

16
there: [hazze] DP adv. hazze to be able to, to know how: [d evolat] DP vtr.
there, that place : [rekke] DP ni. rekke(acc.) devolat
they: [moRi] DP pn. mori to be beautiful: [ain
l at] DP vin. lainat (used for
> inanimate nouns)
thick, complex: [n RodZ] DP adj. nroj
thin, sleek: [red d
a] DP adj. redda to be beautiful : [Zean alat] vin. zheanalat(used
thing, object: [vexix] DP ni. vekhikh (1) for animate nouns)
third : [senak] DP na. senak(ordinal, use geniti- to be born: [jolat] DP vin. yolat
ve form if modifying a noun.) to be certain, to be sure: [goSat] DP v. goshat
>
thirteen: [sen Ti] DP num. senthi to be correct, to be right: [dZilat] DP v. jilat
> to be covered in blood: [saqOjalat] DP vin.
thirty: [tSisen] DP num. chisen
> saqoyalat
this: [dZin] DP det. jin (1)
> to be dead: [d Rivat] DP vin. drivat
this : [dZini] DP pn. jini(when speaking of an to be different: [esin alat] DP vin. esinalat
inanimate object) to be empty: [men at] DP vin. menat (1)
>
this : [dZin
] DP pn. jin (3)(when speaking of an to be empty (of something): [men at] DP vtr.
animate object) to abl. menat (2)
thorn: [mihe] DP ni-B. mihe to be evil: [melat] DP vin. melat
thought, idea: [d iRge] DP ni. dirge to be exceptionally small: [zolat] DP vin. zolat
thousand: [d alen
] DP num. dalen to be familiar with, to know (a person): [Silat]
three: [sen] DP num. sen DP v. shilat
three hundred: [sen ken] DP num. senken to be for, to be intended for: [movexxat] DP
throat: [foTa] DP ni. fotha vtr. movekkhat
through, along: [vi] DP prep. to all. vi to be full: [n
iRat] DP vin. nirat (1)
thunder: [temme] DP na. temme to be full of (something): [n iRat] DP vtr. to abl.
> nirat (2)
thus, in this way: [kidZin osi] DP adv. kijinosi
thus, that : [ki] DP prep. ki (2)(when precee- to be good, to be kind: [eRin at] DP v. erinat
ding quoted speech) to be happy: [ajafat
l ] DP vin. layafat
> >
tiger: [ratSel] DP na. rachel to be hard: [tSon gat] DP v. chongat
to be harmed: [zisat] DP v. zisat
tight; ready, prepared: [heTke] DP adj. hethke
to be healthy: [SaRat] DP vin. sharat
tight; ready, prepared: [heTkat] DP v. hethkat >
to be incorrect, to be wrong: [odZilat] DP v.
time period of approximately 2 minutes:
ojilat
[eSit
l of] DP ni. leshitof
to be intended for, to be for: [movexxat] DP
tip, nose: [riv] DP n. riv
vtr. movekkhat
tired: [haqE] DP adj. haqe
to be kind, to be good: [eRin at] DP v. erinat
Title used for the leader of a Dothraki horde,
to be large: [Zokwalat] DP vin. zhokwalat
king: [xal] M na. khal
to be like, to be similar to: [ven at] DP vtr. ve-
to ache: [ziRoqOselat] DP v. ziroqoselat
nat
to ally with someone : [kemisolat] DP vtr. ke- to be loud: [avaxat
l ] DP v. lavakhat
misolat(Use with the preposition ma.) to be loyal, to be repetitive: [qOTat] vin. qothat
to amuse: [emmat] DP vtr. emmat to be merciful: [Rhan at] DP v. rhanat
>
to approach, to come up to: [dZad ilat] DP vtr. to be neglected: [aRan n
at] DP v. arannat
jadilat to be of help: [koalat] DP vin. koalat
to approve of, to smile at: [emat] DP vtr. to all. to be poisonous, to be venomous: [izat] DP
emat (2) vin. izat
>
to arrive: [dZad olat] DP v. jadolat to be pregnant: [mesilat] DP vin. mesilat
to ask: [qAfat] DP vtr. qafat to be present, to exist : [vexat] DP vin. vek-
to attach: [fen at] DP vtr. fenat hat(assigns the subject to the genitive)
to bathe: [ommat
l ] DP v. lommat to be protected: [savid osalat] DP v. savidosalat

17
 >
to be repetitive, to be loyal: [qOTat] vin. qothat to block: [dZazat] DP v. jazat
> >
to be respectful: [vitSomeRat] DP vin. vichome- to block (a strike): [dZezat] DP v. jezat
rat to blow: [holat] DP v. holat
>
to be respectul: [tSomat] DP v. chomat (1) to brag, to exaggerate: [esittesalat] DP v. esit-
>
to be right, to be correct: [dZilat] DP v. jilat tesalat
to be ripped, to be torn: [gen d
at] DP vin. gen- to break : [samvolat] DP vin. samvolat (when
dat something is breakable)
to be sad: [xeZat] DP v. khezhat to break (something): [assamvat] DP vtr. as-
to be sick: [Zixat] DP v. zhikhat samvat
>
to be silent: [tSakat] DP vin. chakat (2) to break a horse, to domesticate a beast of
to be similar to, to be like: [ven at] DP vtr. ve- burden, to get ones’ first kill with a new
nat weapon: [viSafeRat] DP vtr. vishaferat
to be small: [n aqesat] DP vin. naqisat to breathe: [eSit
l at] DP v. leshitat
> >
to be smelly, to give off a smell: [atSRalat] DP to bring, to take, to fetch: [fitSat] DP vtr. fichat
v. achralat to bug, to offend, to jostle: [ziRejeselat] DP vtr.
to be spotted : [ejelilat] DP vin. eyelilat(e.g. the zireyeselat
state or status of having spots) to burden: [zigan elat] DP v. ziganelat
to be still: [oholat] DP vin. oholat to burn: [viRsalat] DP vin. virsalat
to be sure, to be certain: [goSat] DP v. goshat to burn out, fizzle out: [Sin at] DP v. shinat
to be swollen: [mesat] DP vin. mesat to burn something: [avviRsalat] DP vtr. avvir-
>
to be thick, complex: [n RodZat] DP vin. nrojat salat
to be tired: [haqAt] DP v. haqat to camp, to rest: [vimiTReRat] DP v. vimithrerat
to be torn, to be ripped: [gen d
at] DP vin. gen- >
to canter: [tSetiRat] DP v. chetirat (1)
dat >
to canter beside: [tSetiRat] DP vtr. to gen. che-
to be tough: [n iZat] DP vin. nizhat
tirat (2)
to be useful: [d avRalat] DP vin. davralat (1)
to capture, to wrangle, to corral: [kad at] DP v.
to be useful to: [d avRalat] DP vtr. to all. davra-
kadat
lat (2)
to carry: [kesselat] DP v. kesselat
to be venomous, to be poisonous: [izat] DP
to carry (in a cart, sack, child in the womb),
vin. izat
> to contain: [oSat
l ] DP v. loshat
to be victorious: [n adZahat] DP vin. najahat
to be wet: [d iwelat] DP vin. diwelat to cause pain, to hurt: [an n
iTat] DP v. annithat
to be wise: [villat] DP vin. villat to cause to be merciful, to shame: [aRan at] DP
> vtr. arranat
to be wrong, to be incorrect: [odZilat] DP v.
ojilat to cause to spill, to spill: [ad dRekat] DP vtr.
to beat, to sound rythmically: [oqOlat] DP v. addrekat
oqolat to change: [esin asolat] DP vin. esinasolat
to become heavy: [ohaZat] DP vin. ohazhat to charge: [goRat] DP v. gorat
to become heavy, to ferment: [ohaZolat] DP v. to chew: [axxat
l ] DP v. lakkhat
ohazholat to choke: [aRaggat] DP v. arraggat
to become ripped, to rip: [gen dolat] DP vin. to choke (on something): [raggat] DP vin. rag-
gendolat gat
to before, to front of: [hatif] DP prep. to all. to choose: [okkat] DP vtr. okkat
hatif (3) to clean, to wash: [affisat] DP vtr. affisat
to beg, to plead: [viqAfeRat] DP v. viqaferat to clench: [himat] DP vin. himat
to behind: [iRge] DP prep. to all. irge (3) to clog: [vaesilat] DP v. vaesilat
to bite: [ostat] DP vtr. ostat to collect, to gather: [jan qOlat] DP vtr. yanqolat
to bleed: [qejalat] DP vin. qiyalat (1)
>
to blink: [orat
l ] DP v. lorrat to come: [dZad at] DP v. jadat

18
to come to spill, to tip over and spill: to dig, to have sex, to hit (score with someone
[d
Rekolat] DP vtr. drekolat sexually): [hilelat] DP vtr. hilelat
>
to come up to, to approach: [dZad ilat] DP vtr. to disappoint, to miss : [ost l at] DP v. lostat(fail
jadilat to see or recognize)
to command: [assolat] DP v. assolat to distract: [zimemelat] DP vtr. zimemelat
> >
to compete , to spar, to train, to play: [a l dZilat] to divide, to split: [satSat] DP v. sachat
DP v. lajilat(introduce the game to play with to do: [tat] DP vtr. tat
ki ) to domesticate a beast of burden, to break
to conjoin, to marry (someone to someone el- a horse, to get ones’ first kill with a new
se) : [kemat] DP vtr. kemat(the latter is pre- weapon: [viSafeRat] DP vtr. vishaferat
ceeded by the preposition ma) to dream : [TiRat aTTiRaRid e] DP v. thirat atthira-
to construct: [maRilat] DP v. marilat ride(lit. to live a wooden life)
to contain, to carry (in a cart, sack, child in to dress: [xogoRat] DP v. khogorat
the womb): [oSatl ] DP v. loshat to drink: [in d
elat] DP v. indelat
to continue: [vatteRat] DP v. vatterat to drive (animals): [d Rogat] DP vtr. drogat
to converse, to speak with: [vasteRat] DP vtr. to drop (something): [aRan at] DP vtr. aranat
vasterat to dry: [aTolat] DP v. atholat
to convey, to transport someone: [ad d oTRalat] to eat: [adaxat] DP v. adakhat
DP vtr. addothralat to empty something: [ammen at] DP vtr. am-
>
to cook: [dZolinat] DP v. jolinat menat
to corral, to capture, to wrangle: [kad at] DP v. to encourage, to invigorate, to entice:
kadat [an
niTilat] DP v. annithilat
to count: [san n
ejalat] DP v. sanneyalat to end: [naxolat] DP vin. nakholat
to cover: [qEmmolat] DP v. qemmolat to enslave: [azzafRolat] DP vtr. azzafrolat
to create, to make by hand: [movelat] DP v. to enter: [emRalat] DP v. emralat
movelat to entice, to encourage, to invigorate:
to cross: [jomat] DP vtr. yomat [an
niTilat] DP v. annithilat
to crush: [kaffat] DP v. kaffat to exaggerate, to brag: [esittesalat] DP v. esit-
to cry, to weep: [aqAt
l ] DP v. laqat tesalat
to cure, to heal: [kolat] DP v. kolat to examine, to look upon, to stare at, to pon-
to cut (slice): [rissat] DP vtr. rissat (1) der: [vitiheRat] DP v. vitiherat
to cut into: [rissat] DP vtr. to abl. rissat (2) to exist , to be present: [vexat] DP vin. vek-
to cut off, to remove: [ziRisselat] DP vtr. ziris- hat(assigns the subject to the genitive)
selat to exit, to leave: [esemRasalat] DP v. esemrasalat
to dance: [eZiRat] DP vin. ezhirat to fail someone: [zijen elat] DP v. ziyenelat
to decide, to judge: [akkelen at] DP v. akkelenat to fall: [aRTasat] DP v. arthasat
to decorate: [ammasat] DP v. ammasat to fall: [ohaRat] DP v. oharat
to defeat: [assilat] DP vtr. assilat (2) to fall: [aRTasolat] DP v. arthasolat
to defeat, to make someone/something to fear: [roxat] DP v. rokhat
fall, to destroy : [aTTasat] DP v. attha- to feed: [vad axeRat] DP v. vadakherat
sat(insulting) to feed: [ad daxat] DP vtr. addakhat
to defy, to oppose: [zigan esolat] DP vtr. zigane- to feed : [ad axilat] DP v. adakhilat(specifically,
solat to feed on or feast on)
to destroy , to make someone/something fall, to feel: [fRaxolat] DP vtr. frakholat
to defeat: [aTTasat] DP v. atthasat(insulting) to feel anxious/excited: [gan go awazat] DP v.
to die: [d
Rivolat] DP vin. drivolat (1) gango awazat
to die from: [d Rivolat] DP vtr. to abl. drivolat to feel encouraged, to feel invigorated:
(2) [n
iTilat] DP vin. nithilat

19
to feel invigorated, to feel encouraged: to grow hungry: [gaRvolat] DP vin. garvolat (1)
[n
iTilat] DP vin. nithilat to grow something: [avvitiSeRat] DP vtr. avvi-
to feel pain: [n iTat] DP vin. nithat (1) tisherat
>
to feel pain from a specific source: [n iTat] DP to grow strong: [hadZolat] DP v. hajolat
vtr. to abl. nithat (2) to grow tired: [haqOlat] DP v. haqolat
to ferment, to become heavy: [ohaZolat] DP v. to guide: [id Rilat] DP vtr. idrilat
ohazholat
> to harm someone: [azzisat] DP vtr. azzisat
to fetch, to take, to bring: [fitSat] DP vtr. fichat >
> to hate: [fedZat] DP v. fejat
to fight: [al dZat] DP v. lajat to have : [raj] DP v.aux. ray (2)(perfect tense
>
to figure out, to solve: [gatSat] DP v. gachat introduction)
to fill: [n
irat] DP vtr. nirrat to have an erection: [d oTRalat] DP v. dothralat
to find: [ezat] DP v. ezat (3)
to finish, to put an end to: [an naxolat] DP vtr. to have fur: [hemelat] DP v. hemelat
annakholat to have sex, to dig, to hit (score with someone
to fix: [aRissat] DP v. arrissat sexually): [hilelat] DP vtr. hilelat
to flash, to gleam: [silat] DP v. silat to heal, to cure: [kolat] DP v. kolat
to float: [qAjelat] DP v. qayelat >
to hear: [tSaRat] DP vtr. charat (1)
to flow: [viTalat] DP v. vithalat >
to hear about: [tSaRat] DP vtr. to gen. charat (3)
to fly: [oveTat] DP v. ovethat >
to hear some of: [tSaRat] DP vtr. to abl. charat
to frighten: [aroxat] DP vtr. arrokhat
(2)
to front of, to before: [hatif] DP prep. to all.
to help: [Rhelat] DP vtr. rhelat
hatif (3) >
to hit: [o
l dZat] DP vtr. lojat (1)
to frown: [n ivat] DP v. nivat
to hit (score with someone sexually), to dig,
to frustrate: [ahhaqAt] DP vtr. ahhaqat
to have sex: [hilelat] DP vtr. hilelat
to gallop: [kaRlin at] DP v. karlinat (1) >
to gallop beside: [kaRlin at] DP vtr. to gen. kar- to hit at: [o
l dZat] DP vtr. to all. lojat (2)
linat (2) to hobble a person: [ammattelat] DP v. ammat-
to gallop fast enough to kill a horse, if pro- telat
longed: [kaRlin qOji] DP ni. karlinqoyi to hold, to sieze: [qORalat] DP vtr. qoralat
to gather (some of something): [jan qOlat] DP to hope for, to want: [zalat] DP vtr. zalat
vtr. to abl. yanqolat (2) to hunger for: [gaRvolat] DP vtr. to abl. garvolat
to gather, to collect: [jan qOlat] DP vtr. yanqolat (2)
(1) to hunt: [fon at] DP v. fonat
to get ones’ first kill with a new weapon, to to hurt, to cause pain: [an niTat] DP v. annithat
>
break a horse, to domesticate a beast of to imprison: [dZeRvat] DP v. jervat
burden: [viSafeRat] DP vtr. vishaferat to insult: [fatilat] DP vtr. fatilat (1)
to get to know, to meet: [Silolat] DP vtr. shilolat to introduce, to present: [aSSilat] DP v. asshilat
to give (something to someone) : [aZat] DP to invigorate, to encourage, to entice:
vtr. azhatRecipient is in allative case [ann
iTilat] DP v. annithilat
> to jog: [an at] DP v. anat (1)
to give off a smell, to be smelly: [atSRalat] DP
v. achralat to jog beside: [an at] DP vtr. to gen. anat (2)
to give warmth to, to warm, to make hot: to joke: [astilat] DP v. astilat (1)
[affaZat] DP vtr. affazhat to joke about: [astilat] DP vtr. to gen. astilat (2)
to glance at, to look at: [tihilat] DP v. tihilat to jostle, to offend, to bug: [ziRejeselat] DP vtr.
to gleam, to flash: [silat] DP v. silat zireyeselat
to go: [elat] DP v. elat (1) to judge, to decide: [akkelen at] DP v. akkelenat
to go along with: [elat] DP vtr. to gen. elat (2) to jump over: [Sokat] DP v. shokat
to grow: [vitiSeRat] DP vin. vitisherat to keep near: [aqqesat] DP vtr. aqqisat
to grow fierce: [iveZolat] DP vin. ivezholat to kick: [fakat] DP vtr. fakat (1)

20
to kick at: [fakat] DP vtr. to all. fakat (2) to make something fall, to tear down:
to kill : [ad dRivat] DP vtr. addrivat(chiefly [ohhaRat] DP vtr. ohharat
when done intentionally by a person) to make something to kneel: [avvemolat] DP
to kill , to slay: [d RoZat] DP vtr. drozhat(done v. avvemolat
by inanimate object, animals, or unawares) to make something well-proven, to test in ac-
to kill brutally, to slaughter: [ogat] DP vtr. tion: [ittelat] DP vtr. ittelat
ogat to manage to: [vil] DP v.aux. vil
to kiss: [zoqwat] DP v. zoqwat to mark: [Solat] DP v. sholat
to know (a person), to be familiar with: [Silat] to marry (someone to someone else) , to con-
DP v. shilat join: [kemat] DP vtr. kemat(the latter is pre-
to know (information): [n esat] DP v. nesat ceeded by the preposition ma)
to know how, to be able to: [d evolat] DP vtr. to marry (someone) : [kemolat] DP v. kemo-
devolat latprecede that someone with the preposi-
to lack: [geRat] DP vtr. to abl. gerat tion ma
to last: [kaSat] DP v. kashat to mate with: [govat] DP vtr. govat (of animals)
> to meet, to get to know: [Silolat] DP vtr. shilolat
to laugh: [dZasat] DP v. jasat
to lean: [gan at] DP v. ganat to melt: [ivisat] DP vin. ivisat
to leap: [vRelat] DP v. vrelat to melt something: [ivvisat] DP v. ivvisat
to miss , to disappoint: [ost l at] DP v. lostat(fail
to learn: [n esolat] DP v. nesolat
to see or recognize)
to learn: [ezolat] DP v. ezolat
to miss someone: [vigeReRat] DP vtr. to abl. vi-
to leave something alone, to sit something:
gererat
[an
nevalat] DP vtr. annevalat >
to mount: [sadZat] DP vtr. sajat
to leave, to exit: [esemRasalat] DP v. esemrasalat
to move like a caterpillar: [filkat] DP vin. filkat
to let go of: [eqORasalat] DP vtr. eqorasalat
> to move something: [ejelat] DP vtr. eyelat
to lie down: [tSilat] DP v. chilat
to move weakly: [havolat] DP v. havolat
to limp: [mattelat] DP v. mattelat
to name something: [hakelat] DP v. hakelat
to limp: [vimatteRat] DP v. vimatterat
> to navigate: [heZahat] DP v. hezhahat
to listen: [tSaRolat] DP v. charolat to need, to require: [zigeRelat] DP vtr. to abl.
to live: [TiRat] DP v. thirat zigerelat
to load, to pack: [moskat] DP v. moskat to observe, to watch: [vitihiRat] DP v. vitihirat
to look at, to glance at: [tihilat] DP v. tihilat to offend, to bug, to jostle: [ziRejeselat] DP vtr.
to look upon, to stare at, to examine, to pon- zireyeselat
der: [vitiheRat] DP v. vitiherat to oppose, to defy: [zigan esolat] DP vtr. ziga-
to look, to see: [tihat] DP vtr. tihat nesolat
to love someone: [Zilat] DP vtr. zhilat to pack, to load: [moskat] DP v. moskat
to make by hand, to create: [movelat] DP v. to plant: [elain at] DP v. elainat
movelat to play a musical instrument: [ammemat] DP
to make hot, to warm, to give warmth to: v. ammemat
>
[affaZat] DP vtr. affazhat to play, to spar, to train, to compete : [a l dZilat]
to make someone drink, to welcome: DP v. lajilat(introduce the game to play with
[id
delat] DP vtr. iddelat ki )
to make someone itch: [affesat] DP vtr. affesat to plead, to beg: [viqAfeRat] DP v. viqaferat
to make someone walk: [iffat] DP vtr. iffat to please: [allajafat] DP vtr. allayafat
to make someone/something fall, to de- to pledge: [alloSat] DP vtr. alloshat
feat, to destroy : [aTTasat] DP v. attha- to point: [tiRat] DP v. tirat
sat(insulting) to poison: [izzat] DP vtr. izzat
to make something enter : [emmalat] DP vtr. to ponder, to look upon, to stare at, to exami-
emmalat(from emralat) ne: [vitiheRat] DP v. vitiherat

21
to practice woman-on-top sex, to swallow: to rip, to become ripped: [gen d
olat] DP vin.
>
[idZelat] DP v. ijelat gendolat
to present, to introduce: [aSSilat] DP v. asshilat to rise: [jaTolat] DP v. yatholat
to procrastinate, to stall: [velzeRat] DP v. velze- to roar: [zoRat] DP v. zorat
>
rat
> to roll: [tSoRkat] DP v. chorkat
to protect: [vidZazeRat] DP vtr. vijazerat to rot: [rixolat] DP vin. rikholat
to pry something off of something else: to rub: [old
at] DP v. oldat
[vefenaRat] DP v. vefenarat to run: [an
l at] DP v. lanat (1)
>
to pull: [dZesat] DP v. jesat to run : [fRedRilat] DP vin. fredrilat(with horses
to pull with both hands: [kaRtat] DP vtr. kartat as subject)
to pull with other means than with arms : to run beside: [an l at] DP v. to gen. lanat (2)
>
[kaRtolat] DP vtr. kartolat(can be used of in- to save, to rescue: [vidZazeRolat] DP vtr. vija-
animate subjects) zerolat
to push: [gid at] DP v. gidat to say: [astat] DP v. astat
to put an end to, to finish: [an n
axolat] DP vtr. to scratch, to uproot: [efesalat] DP vtr. efesalat
annakholat to scream: [awazat] DP v. awazat
to put something down: [azzohat] DP vtr. az- to see, to look: [tihat] DP vtr. tihat
zohat to seek, to track: [fon olat] DP vtr. fonolat
to rape, to take: [qORasolat] DP vtr. qorasolat to sew: [mad at] DP v. madat
to reach to touch: [fRaxat] DP vtr. to all. frakhat to shame, to cause to be merciful: [aRan at] DP
(2) vtr. arranat
>
to refuse to: [zaddZat] DP vtr. zajjat to sharpen: [ahhasat] DP vtr. ahhasat
>
to rein : [dZaRaTat] DP vtr. javrathat(broad to shed: [qOvvolat] DP v. qovvolat
>
usage) to shiver: [vitSiteRat] DP vin. vichiterat
to remember: [vin eseRat] DP vtr. vineserat to shoot (with bow), to throw: [ovveTat] DP
>
to remove: [edZeRvalat] DP v. ejervalat vtr. ovvethat
to remove, to cut off: [ziRisselat] DP vtr. ziris- to shout: [d on at] DP v. donat (1)
selat to shout about: [d on at] DP vtr. to gen. donat
to replace: [affazolat] DP vtr. affazolat (2)
to require, to need: [zigeRelat] DP vtr. to abl. to show: [attihat] DP vtr. attihat
zigerelat to sieze, to hold: [qORalat] DP vtr. qoralat
>
to rescue, to save: [vidZazeRolat] DP vtr. vija- to signal: [assilat] DP v. assilat (1)
zerolat to signal to: [assilat] DP vtr. to all. assilat (3)
> >
to respect: [tSomat] DP vtr. to all. chomat (2) to silence: [attSakat] DP vtr. acchakat
to respond: [elzat] DP v. elzat to sing: [hojalat] DP v. hoyalat
to rest: [ammiTRat] DP vtr. ammithrat to sit: [n
evalat] DP v. nevalat
to rest: [miTRat] DP v. mithrat to sit down: [n evasolat] DP v. nevasolat
to rest, to camp: [vimiTReRat] DP v. vimithrerat to sit something, to leave something alone:
to retch: [ziqwEhelat] DP v. ziqwehelat [annevalat] DP vtr. annevalat
to return: [essalat] DP vin. essalat to slap: [fatat] DP vtr. fatat (1)
to ride: [vid RogeRat] DP v. vidrogerat to slap at: [fatat] DP vtr. to all. fatat (2)
to ride: [heSahat] DP vin. heshahat to slaughter, to kill brutally: [ogat] DP vtr.
to ride : [doTRalat] DP v. dothralat (1)(With hor- ogat
se, steed, or my horse, my steed as the subject) to slay, to kill : [d RoZat] DP vtr. drozhat(done
to ride alongside: [d oTRalat] DP vtr. to gen. by inanimate object, animals, or unawares)
dothralat (2) to sleep: [remekat] DP v. remekat
to ring: [oxat] DP v. okhat to smash: [kafat] DP v. kafat
to rip something, to tear something: to smell, to sniff: [rivvat] DP vtr. rivvat
[aggen dat] DP vtr. aggendat to smile: [emat] DP vin. emat (1)

22
to smile at, to approve of: [emat] DP vtr. to all. to survive: [TiRolat] DP v. thirolat
emat (2) to swallow, to practice woman-on-top sex:
>
to sneeze: [xefat] DP v. khefat [idZelat] DP v. ijelat
to sniff, to smell: [rivvat] DP vtr. rivvat to swell: [mesolat] DP v. mesolat
>
to solidify: [tSon golat] DP v. chongolat to swim: [zeRqOlat] DP v. zerqolat
> to take a little pee: [n avilat] DP v. navilat
to solve, to figure out: [gatSat] DP v. gachat
to sound rythmically, to beat: [oqOlat] DP v. to take something back: [esaZalat] DP v. esaz-
oqolat halat
>
to sow: [velain eRat] DP v. velainerat to take, to bring, to fetch: [fitSat] DP vtr. fichat
> to take, to rape: [qORasolat] DP vtr. qorasolat
to spar, to train, to play, to compete : [a l dZilat]
DP v. lajilat(introduce the game to play with
to taste: [exil
l at] DP v. lekhilat
ki ) to tattoo: [iRat
l ] DP vtr. lirat
to speak: [astolat] DP v. astolat (1) to teach: [ezzolat] DP v. ezzolat
to speak of: [astolat] DP vtr. to gen. astolat (2) to tear down, to make something fall:
to speak with, to converse: [vasteRat] DP vtr. [ohhaRat] DP vtr. ohharat
vasterat to tear something, to rip something:
to spill : [d
Rekat] DP vin. drekat(non volitional [aggen dat] DP vtr. aggendat
e.g. the milk spilled) to test in action, to make something well-
to spill, to cause to spill: [ad dRekat] DP vtr. proven: [ittelat] DP vtr. ittelat
addrekat to think: [d iRgat] DP v. dirgat
to spit: [sixtelat] DP vtr. sikhtelat to thirst: [fevelat] DP vin. fevelat (1)
> to thirst for: [fevelat] DP vtr. to abl. fevelat (2)
to split, to divide: [satSat] DP v. sachat
to squeeze: [efat] DP v. efat to throw an insult at: [fatilat] DP vtr. to all.
to stab: [vindelat] DP vtr. vindelat (1) fatilat (2)
to stab at: [vin delat] DP vtr. to all. vindelat (2) to throw, to shoot (with bow): [ovveTat] DP
to stall, to procrastinate: [velzeRat] DP v. velze- vtr. ovvethat
rat to tie: [iwal
l at] DP v. liwalat
to stand: [kovaRat] DP v. kovarat to tip over and spill, to come to spill:
to stand (something) up: [akkovaRat] DP v. ak- [d
Rekolat] DP vtr. drekolat
kovarat to touch: [fRaxat] DP vtr. frakhat (1)
to stare at, to look upon, to examine, to pon- to track, to seek: [fon olat] DP vtr. fonolat
>
der: [vitiheRat] DP v. vitiherat to trade: [dZeRat] DP v. jerat
>
to start: [evolat] DP vin. evolat to train, to spar, to play, to compete : [a l dZilat]
to start doing something : [evat] DP vtr. DP v. lajilat(introduce the game to play with
evat(used with a verb) ki )
to start something: [evvat] DP vtr. evvat to trample: [nokittat] DP v. nokittat
to stay: [vikovaReRat] DP v. vikovarerat to transport someone, to convey: [ad doTRalat]
>
to steal: [zifitSelat] DP v. zifichelat DP vtr. addothralat
to stop: [naxat] DP v. nakhat to travel: [veRat] DP v. verat
to stop (someone or something): [an naxat] DP to tremble: [qOvat] DP vin. qovat
v. annakhat to trot: [iRvosat] DP v. irvosat
to strike: [ild
at] DP v. ildat to trust: [Sillat] DP v. shillat
to suck: [oSat] DP v. oshat to try to: [kis] DP v.aux. kis
to suddenly turn completely around (as if by to turn: [n otat] DP v. notat
surprise), make a "U-turn": [id iRolat] DP v. to understand: [tiholat] DP v. tiholat
idirolat to undress: [exogaRalat] DP v. ekhogaralat
to suffer: [dogat] DP vin. dogat (1) to uproot, to scratch: [efesalat] DP vtr. efesalat
to suffer from: [d ogat] DP vtr. to abl. dogat (2) to urinate: [n avat] DP v. navat
to surpass: [samven olat] DP vtr. samvenolat to vomit: [qwehat] DP v. qwehat

23
to wait: [ajolat] DP vin. ayolat top, summit, plateau: [rajan ] DP ni. rayan
to walk: [ifat] DP vin. ifat (1) topic, subject, theme: [aRan ix] DP ni. aranikh
>
to walk: [on qOTat] DP v. onqothat total lunar eclipse: [dZalanqOji] DP ni. jalanqoyi
to walk beside: [ifat] DP vtr. to gen. ifat (2) total solar eclipse: [SexqOji] DP ni. shekhqoyi
to want, to hope for: [zalat] DP vtr. zalat >
trader’s guild, "company": [dZeRakasar] DP na.
to warm, to give warmth to, to make hot: jerakasar
[affaZat] DP vtr. affazhat >
traitor, mercenary, turncloak: [tSafak] DP na.
to wash, to clean: [affisat] DP vtr. affisat chafak
to watch, to observe: [vitihiRat] DP v. vitihirat trap: [oRzo] DP ni. orzo
to wear: [on delat] DP vtr. ondelat trap, lie, deception: [qOsaRven ix] DP ni. qosar-
to weave: [soqAt] DP v. soqat venikh
to weep, to cry: [aqAtl ] DP v. laqat traveler: [veRak] DP na. verak
to welcome, to make someone drink: tree: [feSiT] DP n. feshith
[id
delat] DP vtr. iddelat tree that can blossom: [halahi] DP ni. halahi
to wink: [oRat
l ] DP v. lorat trembling: [qOv] DP adj. qov
to wipe: [n ofilat] DP v. nofilat trout: [ira] DP n. irra
to wrangle, to capture, to corral: [kad at] DP v. trunk, box, chest, cask: [xogaRi] DP ni. khogari
kadat trustee, friend: [okeo] DP na. okeo
>
today: [aSSex] DP adv. asshekh (1) turncloak, mercenary, traitor: [tSafak] DP na.
today: [aSSex] DP ni. asshekh (2) chafak
together: [n ijanqOj] DP adv. niyanqoy turnip, filly: [vad
o] DP ni. vado
tomorrow: [silox] DP adv. silokh turtle: [ad
Ra] DP na. adra
tongue: [exl ] DP ni. lekh (2) tweet, bird call: [memziRi] DP ni. memziri
>
tonight: [addZalan ] DP adv. ajjalan twelve: [akatTi] DP num. akatthi
>
tool: [marija] DP ni-A. marriya twenty: [tSakat] DP num. chakat (1)
tooth: [voRto] DP ni. vorto two: [akat] DP num. akat
top part, roof, top: [eSSeja] DP ni. essheya two hundred: [akatken ] DP num. akatken
top, roof, top part: [eSSeja] DP ni. essheya type of grass: [dahan a] DP ni. dahana

under: [toRga] DP prep. to gen. torga (2) useful thing, app: [d

avRax] DP ni. davrakh
untamed captured animal: [k ad
ix] DP ni. ka- useful, good: [d
avRa] DP adj. davra
dikh usefullness : [aTd
avRazar] DP ni. athdavrazar
until, while, when, during, then: [kaS] DP (also means good or excellent when used
conj., adv. kash as an exclamation.)
update: [flasix] DP ni. flasikh useless, of poor quality: [edavRasa] DP adj.
upon, on, in: [Se] DP prep. to nom. she (1) edavrasa

V
>
’via point’, point on a route: [eleisosax] DP ni. vest: [seRdZa] DP ni. serja
>
eleisosakh victorious: [n adZah] DP adj. najah
valuable: [mas] DP n. mas victory: [iffi] DP n. iffi
>
verb, the instigator’s half of the act : [tixxeja] victory : [n
adZaheja] DP ni. najaheya(in battle)
DP ni. tikkheya(Grammatical sense) cf. me- view: [tihix] DP ni. tihikh
likheya violent: [veRven ] DP adj. verven
very simple: [d isisse] DP adj. disisse vision, look: [aTtihar] DP ni. athtihar
very, really, so: [sekke] DP adv. sekke vocative marker: [Zej] DP part. zhey

24
vow, oath: [asqOji] DP ni. asqoyi DP ni. ovrakh
>
vulnerability, opening, opportunity: [ovRax] vulture: [dZad
Ro] DP ni. jadro

a wild but powerful sword strike: [hlizifix] when...then, if...then: [haS] DP conj. hash (1)
DP ni. hlizifikh where: [fin n
e] DP pn. finne
wailing: [aTlaqAr] DP ni. athlaqar while, when, until, during, then: [kaS] DP
wailing: [qAmaj] DP adj. qamay conj., adv. kash
waist: [xaor] DP ni. khaor whip: [oRvik] DP n. orvik
waiting: [aThajozar] DP ni. athayozar white: [zasqA] DP adj. zasqa
wall: [gRef] DP n. gref white lion: [hRakkar] M na. hrakkar
>
war: [aTviladZeRar] DP ni. athvilajerar whore: [mezhah] DP n. mezhah
warlock, magician: [movek] DP na. movek why: [kifin d
iRgi] DP adv. kifindirgi
warm: [afaZi] DP adj. afazhi wide, fat: [ovah] DP adj. ovah
> >
l dZak] DP na. lajak
warrior, fighter: [a wife: [tSioRikem] DP ni. chiorikem
waste, refuse: [gRad d
ax] DP ni. graddakh (1) wife of a khal, queen: [xaleesi] M na. khaleesi
wasteland: [aTasar] DP na. athasar wild: [iveZ] DP adj. ivezh
watch! : [hiRi] DP intj. hiri!(short for vitihiras, >
wind: [tSaf] DP na. chaf
for commanding animals) wine: [sewafix] DP ni. sewafikh
watch, guard: [vitihiRak] DP na. vitihirak
wing: [feld e] DP n. felde
water: [eveT] DP ni. eveth >
winner: [n adZahak] DP na. najahak
we: [kiSa] DP pn. kisha
> winter: [aheSke] DP ni. aheshke
weak hit, glancing blow : [tSiftix] DP ni. chif-
wisdom : [aTvillar] DP ni. athvillar(gained
tikh(with sword)
from experience or learned)
weapon: [vov] DP na. vov
wise: [ville] DP adj. ville
weather: [gillosor] DP na. gillosor
wise, sorceress, witch: [maegi] M ni. maegi
weighted net: [kaTqOji] DP ni. kathqoyi
> witch, wise, sorceress: [maegi] M ni. maegi
well: [tSek] DP adv. chek
with: [ma] DP prep. to abl. ma (2)
well proven, well tested: [iste] DP adj. iste >
well tested, well proven: [iste] DP adj. iste with respect : [maTtSomaRoon] DP phrase
> m’athchomaroon(said in greeting)
west: [dZimma] DP ni. jimma
> within: [mRa] DP prep. to nom. mra (1)
western: [dZim] DP adj. jim
without: [oma] DP prep. to abl. oma
wet: [d
iwe] DP adj. diwe
wolf: [ver] DP n. ver
what : [fin i] DP pn. fini (1)(question word, >
woman: [tSioRi] DP na. chiori
when speaking of an inanimate object) >
what : [fin
] DP pn. fin (1)(question word, when woman-on-top sex: [aTidZezar] DP ni. athijezar
speaking of an animate object) wooden, fake: [id o] DP adj. ido
when: [affin ] DP adv. affin wool: [vafix] DP ni. vafikh
when speaking of an animalte object, relati- word for one’s apparel, clothes: [xogar] DP ni.
ve pronoun that introduces relative clau- khogar
se: [fin
] DP pn. fin (2) word, command: [ase] DP ni. ase
when speaking of an inanimate object, rela- world: [RhaeSeser] DP na. rhaesheser
tive pronoun that introduces relative clau- worm: [xewo] DP ni. khewo
se: [fin
i] DP pn. fini (2) wound: [ziso] DP ni. ziso
when, while, until, during, then: [kaS] DP wrist, ankle: [hlofa] DP ni. hlofa
>
conj., adv. kash wrong, incorrect: [odZil] DP adj. ojil

25
Y

’yard’ , stride: [Rhaesof] DP ni. rhae- yesterday: [oskix] DP adv. oskikh

sof (measure) yogurt: [Tagwa] DP ni. thagwa
a yell of encouragement, a cheer, ’hurrah’: you: [jeR] DP pn. yer
[rai] DP intj. rai you : [Safka] DP pn. shafka(respectful)
yak: [hammi] DP n. hammi you (plural), your (singular): [jeRi] DP pn. yeri
yam: [oeta] DP ni. oeta young: [imeS] DP adj. imesh
year: [fiResof] DP ni. firesof young goat, kid: [mafo] DP na. mafo
yellow: [veltor] DP adj. veltor young male horse: [man in
] DP n. manin
yes: [sek] DP intj. sek your (singular), you (plural): [jeRi] DP pn. yeri
yes, obedient response: [ai] M intj. ai youth: [jamoRi] DP na. yamori

zero: [som] DP num. som (1)

The Changelog
• 3.065 Added chir ’almost, nearly’, frakholat ’to feel’. Edited adakhilat, qazer.

• 3.066 Added lirak ’tattoo artist’, lirat ’to tattoo’, lirikh ’an image or symbol depicted on a
tattoo’, lirisir ’tattoos’, tif ’nut (woody seed), zhor (2) ’pit of a fruit, meat of a nut’. Edited
lir, zhor.

• 3.067 Added athostar, ’fury’, chosh ’fresh’. Edited shilat.

• 3.068 Added atholat ’to dry’, hethkat ’tight; ready, prepared’, hethke ’tight; ready, prepa-
red’, marriya ’tool’. Edited memziri. Added some details about type A and B words.

• 3.069 Added havziven ’lazy’, shokat ’to jump over’, thikh ’task’. Edited marriya

• 3.070 Added addrekat ’to cause to spill, to spill’, athdrivarido ’nightmare’, athdrivar she-
ki ’sunset’, atthirarido ’dream’, drekat ’to spill (non-volitional)’, drekolat ’to come to spill,
to tip over and spill’, hale ’hey!’, rhojosor ’family’ (this has been missing from the dictio-
nary for a very long time!), shekh drivo ’setting sun’. Edited ganat.

• 3.071 Added temme ’thunder’.

• 3.072 Added ithkoil ’brittle’, rivve ’sniff’, timvir ’book’.

• 3.073 Added arrokhat ’to frighten’, filla ’dried plum’, gerikh ’lack’, jadilat ’to approach,
to come up to’, kimisir ’ancestry’, melat ’to be evil’, shillat ’to trust’, soqwi ’plum’, soqwof
’plum tree’, vitisherat ’to grow’, zhille ’advice’. Edited yalli.

• 3.074 Added fredri ’sound of horse’s hooves on dirt’, fredrilat ’to run (with horses as
subject)’, fredrik ’chatterbox, one who sounds like horse’s hooves’.

• 3.080 Added some additional information about numbers, as well as a usage note on the
ordinal numbers. Added addakhat ’to feed’, athzhikhar ’sickness’, efe ’shackle’, ifeqev-
ron ’species of forest spider’, izven ’forbidden’, leqse ’rat’, mezhah ’whore’, qamay ’wailing’,
qovvolat ’to shed’, sisi ’lightning’. Edited ato.

26
• 3.081 Added chafasar ’climate’, chal ’bean (general use)’, challeya ’bean (when used as
food)’, gillo ’breeze’, gillosor ’weather’.

• 3.082 Added joro ’idol, icon’, lekh dothraki ’Dothraki (language’.

• 3.083 Added shirane ’beard’. Edited az.

27