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Laguna State Polytechnic University: Republic of The Philippines

This document is a report submitted by Roselonea Millera for the course ART APPRECIATION (GEC 106) at Laguna State Polytechnic University during the second semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The report discusses several principles of design that are fundamental to analyzing and discussing art, including harmony, unity, rhythm, variation, balance, emphasis, subordination, and the rule of thirds. These principles represent how artists use visual elements to create intent and determine whether a painting is successful.

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Jirah Lacbay
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53 views

Laguna State Polytechnic University: Republic of The Philippines

This document is a report submitted by Roselonea Millera for the course ART APPRECIATION (GEC 106) at Laguna State Polytechnic University during the second semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The report discusses several principles of design that are fundamental to analyzing and discussing art, including harmony, unity, rhythm, variation, balance, emphasis, subordination, and the rule of thirds. These principles represent how artists use visual elements to create intent and determine whether a painting is successful.

Uploaded by

Jirah Lacbay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University


Province of Laguna

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Second Semester, Academic Year 2018-2019

GEC 106 – ART APPRECIATION

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Submitted by:
MILLERA, ROSELONEA
CE – 1A

Submitted to:
MS. JOY APRIL O. JUAYONG

March 2019
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
- One of foundation of the language we use to talk about art
- It represents how the artist uses the elements of art to create an effect and to help
convey the artist’s intent. The use of this principles can help determine whether a
painting is successful and whether or not the painting is finished.
- A successful painting is unified, while also having some variety created by areas of
contrast and emphasis, is visually balanced and movers the viewer’s eye around the
composition.
- Pertains to human visual perception, events that can be visualize in the viewer’s mind
www.thoughtco.com/principles-of-art-and-design-2578740
Harmony – can be described as sameness, the belonging of one thing with another. The
repetition of design elements like color texture shape and form is one of the easiest ways to
achieve harmony to create a composition
Unity- is when the elements in a space combine to make a balanced harmonious complete
whole. The space eels right and everything works together. The results are a pleasing feeling
that everything is right with the space.
These two principles talk about space. They can provide calmness or at least play a role in
limiting chaos in the workplace, the comfort level of a room
www.hatchdesign.ca/principles-of-interior-design-part-3-unity-and-harmony/
Rhythm
1. Repetition
2. Alternation
3. Progression
a. Regular Rhythm – same things
b. Irregular rhythm – similar things
Variation – can add interest and break the monotony of simple repetitions. It is the quality of
having different forms or types. The differences give a design visual and conceptual interest:
notably use of contrast, emphasis, different size and color
Balance- is achieved by distributing the visual weight of objects within a space to achieve a
feeling of equilibrium. The size color texture shape of an element can change its visual
weight. Larger darker brighter highly textured complexly shaped objects typically feel
heavier and require balance through the placement of equally heavy items or multiple fewer
heavy items.
1. Symmetrical balance
- Is achieved when items are actually repeated or mirrored along a central axis. This
type of balance is frequently seen in nature, our own bodies included. It can portray a
feeling of stability, calmness, and dignity. However, can also be seen as static dull and
unimaginative. It can be achieved using pattern, arrangement of furniture, fixtures and
millwork and through the application of color.
a. Plane Symmetry – two mirrored halves can be referred as the right and the
left
b. Radial Symmetry – Distributed arrangement of items around a central
point either extending outward or inward
2. Asymmetrical balance
- Relates very strongly to the visual weight of objects. Rather than repeating the same
item within a space to achieve balance. In this case we are using different elements
with a similar perceived weight to achieve balance on the opposite axis.
Emphasis (focal point) – is where the focus is concentrated through design principles or
meaning. To do this, one develops points of interest to pull the viewer’s eye to important
parts of the work. It is to make one part of the artwork dominant and to stand out and makes
it have a special importance in an artwork.
1. Emphasis via placement
2. Emphasis via elements of design
https://johnchiappone.com/principles_of_art.html
Subordination
- Is defined as minimizing or toning down other compositional elements in order to
bring attention to the focal point
- Technique used by artists by introducing toned down compositional elements
- Are the areas that are less visually interesting (background)
a. Light on dark
b. Front vs back
c. Different contrasts
d. Vertical vs horizontal
http://www.sophia.org/tutorials/design-in-art-emphasis-variety-and-unity
https://www.quora.com/What-is-subordination-in-art
https://timelessarthistory.wordpress.com/category/elements-and-principles-of-
design/emphasis-subordination/
www.wetcanvas.com/forums/showthread.php?t=431784
The rule of thirds – is actually a guideline more than a rule. It is intended to help the artist
with the placement of the elements and focal point within the composition. But, if you want
your viewer to ignore the other parts of your painting, then go ahead break a rule and center
your subject. The rule of thirds involves mentally dividing up your image using 2 horizontal
lines and 2 vertical lines. You then position the important elements in your scene along those
lines, or at the points where they meet. A rule of thirds grid.

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