Chittagong Independent University

Course Code:BDS-102, History of the Emergence of Bangladesh.

Name: Jaima jarnaz

ID:19302003

Major: CSE

Section: 05

Semester: Spring.

Answer to the Ques. No.-06

Six Point Program:
Six-point Program a sanction of requests articulated by the AWAMI LEAGUE group for
evacuating difference between the two wings of Pakistan and to stop the inward frontier rule of West
Pakistan in East Bengal.

The Six-point Program alongside a proposition of development for the acknowledgment of the
requests was put before the gathering of the working advisory group of Awami League on 21
February 1966, and the proposition was completed collectively. A booklet on the Six-point
Program with presentation from Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur Rahman and Tajuddin Ahmad was
distributed. Another booklet titled Amader Banchar Dabi: 6-dafa Karmasuchi (Our requests for
presence: 6-focuses Program) was distributed for the sake of Sheik Mujibur Rahman, and was
conveyed in the committee meeting of Awami League hung on 18 March 1966.

Six Points are:

1-The Constitution ought to accommodate a Federation of Pakistan in its actual sense on the Lahore
Resolution, and the parliamentary type of government with matchless quality of a Legislature legitimately
chose based on all inclusive grown-up establishment.
2-The central government should manage just two subjects: Defense and Foreign Affairs, and all other
residuary subjects will be vested in the uniting states.

3-Two independent, yet openly convertible monetary forms for two wings ought to be presented; or if this
isn't doable, there ought to be one money for the entire nation, however viable sacred arrangements ought
to be acquainted with prevent the trip of capital from East to West Pakistan. Moreover, a different
Banking Reserve ought to be set up, and separate financial and money related strategy be received for
East Pakistan.

4-The intensity of tax assessment and income assortment will be vested in the combining units and the
government community will have no such force on the issue. The alliance will be qualified for an offer in
the state duties to meet its uses.

5-The intensity of tax collection and income assortment will be vested in the combining units and the
government place will have no such force on the issue. The alliance will be qualified for an offer in the
state charges to meet its uses.

6-East Pakistan ought to have a different volunteer army or paramilitary power.

Nature:

 The Six-point demand was a remark document. It did not call upon the central government to do
more for East Pakistan, but asked the central government to let East Pakistan do more for itself.

 The first point called for the establishment of federation on the basis of the Lahore Resolution
and a parliamentary form of government with supremacy of Legislature.

 The second point demanded that the federal government deal with only two subjects- defense
and foreign affairs.

 The second point demanded that the federal government deal with only two subjects- defense
and foreign affairs.

 The second point demanded that the federal government deal with only two subjects- defense
and foreign affairs.

 The third point suggested that there be either two separate but freely convertible currencies for
two wings or one currency for the whole country but have to have constitutional provision for
stopping the flight of capital from East to West Pakistan.

 Point four denied the center the right of taxation, which was to be vested in the hands of
provincial government with the center receiving a fixed share.

 The fifth point made these recommendations for foreign trade: there shall be two separate
accounts for the foreign exchange earnings of the two wings; the earnings of east Pakistan shall
be under the control of East Pakistan government.

 And the six point demanded the setting up of a militia or paramilitary force for East Pakistan.
Impact:

The detainment of Sheik Mujibur Rahman and other top Awami Leaguers in 1966 couldn't reduce the
mass help for the six-point request, despite the fact that the force of the development could be smothered.
The arrangement of concealment of all types of political opportunities and contradicting voices had
wretchedly neglected to end the walk of the long haul impacts and future ramifications of the six-point
development. Truth be told, the numerous types of administrative suppression and the utilization of police
viciousness against the coordinators and members of the six-point development had spurred everybody of
the then East Pakistan to render their full help for the six-point equation.

The six-point development had additionally extensive consequences for the consequent political
advancements in the then Pakistan. As verified by Dr. M. Rashiduzzaman: "The whole weight of the
gathering (the Awami League) was tossed for the counter Ayub development, which spread all through
the nation in the early long periods of 1969, and almost certainly, the Awami League will play a
significantly progressively dynamic job later on.

Answer to the Ques. No. -08

 The war of independence is a glorious period in the history of our country. The war was fought against
the Pakistan army in 1971. Through this war Bangladesh independent country. It was also a war of
supreme sacrifice . About three million people died in this war. Most of them died in the genocide carried
out by the Pakistani army.

The national liberation war in Bangladesh can be divided into three phases:

 The first phase ran from March 25 to middle of May when Pakistani army occupied all the major
cities of East Pakistan.

 The Second phase between mid-May and September, when the status quo was maintained.

 And third phase was from October to Middle of December, when Dhaka and the whole of East
Pakistan was liberated.

First phase:
 In the Phase, Pakistani armed force started its crusade of homicide and persecution, the
Bengali response was one of prompt revolt.
  The evening of March 25, when the Pakistani armed force, with no notice, assaulted the
home office of East Pakistani Rifles and the police, Bengali individuals from EPR and
Police retaliated.

 On March 26, the freedom of Bangladesh was announced over Chittagong radio. The
following day a progressively formal presentation of freedom of Bangladesh was made
by a military official of the East Bengal Regiment.

 On April 10, a common government made out of Awami League was confirmed at
Mujibnagar.

 In the stage, there was not really any all around considered military technique. The war of
obstruction in the areas was unconstrained and included mass interest.

 The Pakistan armed force's procedure was to monitor its quality however much as could
reasonably be expected and gradually possess one city after another. The Pakistan had
immense prevalence in fire and air power.

 Specifically, by the center of May, the military had involved all the significant urban
communities of Bangladesh. Overwhelming capability was utilized which implied
gigantic non military personnel setbacks. There were murdering, plundering and
obliteration.

Second Phase:
 In the stage, two arrangements of pioneers developed. One had a place with government
in a state of banishment in Calcutta, the other to the Mukti Bahini.

 The previous was involved for the most part of AL pioneers and government authorities
and the last incorporated the individuals from Army, EPR, Police just as understudies
guerrilla pioneers.

 The method of guerrilla fighting was embraced and both short-and long haul military
procedures was worked out. The enrollment drive for the Mukti Bahini was strengthened.

 Military preparing camp were set up both in Bangladesh and in India and a program of
thorough preparing was founded.

 Outside exposure to assemble support for Bangladesh was attempted by the

administration – in a state of banishment and Radio free Bangladesh began standard
program to keep assurance high in the involved and freed zones.

 To counter the guerrilla movement of the freedom war, the system began its own
counterinsurgency programs. Harmony boards were framed in various urban
communities and regions.
Third Phase:
 In the stage, it was ventured up guerrilla action and resumption of regular war. From
October on, a portion of the urban guerrilla unit had finished their preparation and got
dynamic in the involved urban communities.

 Guerrilla activities in the country territories were likewise escalated. In reprisal, the
Pakistan armed force began its pursuit and annihilate activity.

 During October and early November, the freedom war seemed, by all accounts, to be
attempting to free a couple of fringe regions so as to introduce the legislature – in – oust
there.

 From a week ago of November, three-week war a joined power of the Indian armed force
and the Mukti Bahini freed the entire of Bangladesh.

 On December 15, the Pakistan armed force with 93000 fighters gave up in Dhaka.
Following nine months of bleeding struggle, Bangladesh as a state had at long last been
conceived.

Answer to the Ques. No. – 07

The General Election in 1970:

Boss Martial Law Administrator General Yahya Khan in the wake of turning into the President of
Pakistan in 1969 declared that very soon the free decisions will be held in Pakistan on grown-up
establishment to build up a fair government in the country.The arrangements sought after by the Yahya
system varied from those of Ayub Khan. Yahya, subsequently, received various appeasing strategies
explicitly intended to mollify the gatherings that led the mass development, 1968-69.

For that reason, a three part Election Commission was shaped under the chairmanship of Justice Abdus
Sattar as the Chief Election Commissioner.

The Election Campaign:

 During the political race, it became evident that the national gatherings had little grass-
roots support while parties with mass help would in general be local.
  In this manner, the Jama'at and the three groups of the Muslim League, the national
gatherings, had little help either in East or West Pakistan; and the Awami League and the
People's Party had mass help yet were basically provincial.

 During the political race, it became evident that the national gatherings had little grass-
roots support while parties with mass help would in general be territorial.

 Along these lines, the Jama'at and the three groups of the Muslim League, the national
gatherings, had little help either in East or West Pakistan; and the Awami League and the
People's Party had mass help however were mostly provincial.

 In West Pakistan, there were more hopefuls, and nobody party was in a directing position
like that of the Awami League. Normally, the Peoples' Party, a significant candidate
party, itself new and drove by young pioneer, pulled in these recently activated
gatherings.

 Its political race system was to mix all the antiregime powers and particularly to misuse
new social gathering, and the requests brought to the surface during the mass
development of 1968-69.

The Election Result :

The administration guaranteed a significant level of open investment and a voter turnout of
practically 63%. The all out number of enlisted voters in the nation was 56,941,500 of which 31,211,220
were from East Pakistan and 25,730,280 were from West Pakistan.

Party Votes % Seats

Awami League 12,937,162 39.2 160

Pakistan Peoples Party 6,148,923 18.6 81

Jamaat-e-Islami 1,989,461 6.0 4

Gathering Muslim League 1,965,689 6.0 7

Muslim League (Qayyum) 1,473,749 4.5 9

Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam 1,315,071 4.0 7

Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan 1,299,858 3.9 7

 Show Muslim League 1,102,815 3.3 2

National Awami Party (W) 801,355 2.4 6

Pakistan Democratic Party 737,958 2.2 1

Other parties 387,919 1.2 0

Independents 2,322,341 7.0 16

Total 33,004,065 100 300

 The political race result saw the Awami League and the People's Party clearing surveys in
East and West Pakistan individually.

 The Awami League won outright greater part in the National Assembly (160 seats out of
300 seats). It won an avalanche triumph in East Pakistan, accepting everything except
two of the 162 seats.

 The Pakistan People's gathering was the second biggest gathering in the National
Assembly with 81 seats. All the national gatherings fared gravely.

 The Qayyum Muslim League won 09 seats, the Council Muslim League 7, Jamiat-ul-
Ulema – Islam 7, the National Awami Party 6, Markazi Jamiat-Ul-Ulema-I-Islam 7,
Jama'at – I-Islami 4, the Pakistan Muslim League 2, PDP 1 and Independent 16 seats.

 The political decision result, along these lines, solidified the polarization among East and
West Pakistan. The Awami League, which won a national dominant part and a lion's
share of seats from East Pakistan, however didn't win any situate from West Pakistan.
The People's Party, which won most of seats from Punjab and Sind, yet didn't any situate
from East Pakistan and Baluchistan.

These are the campaign and results of the Genaral Election of 1970..
 Answer to the Ques. No. – 03
The major problems Pakistan was facing in the beginning of its
Independence:
Pakistan appeared on fourteenth august 1947. Not long after its establishment Pakistan confronted
number of issues. The vast majority of the issues of Pakistan were connected with Pakistan debate with
India, for example, the increase of the august states, waterway Water question, evacuees' issues and
dispersion of equipped and military resources. Contaminate a large portion of these issues were
intentionally made by India itself so Pakistan would not maintain its free status and before long
converged with India.

The problems are:

i. Choice of Capital and Establishment of Government;
ii. Unfair Boundary Distribution;
iii. Division of Military Assets;
iv. Division of Financial Assets;
v. Economic problems;
vi. Issus of National Language;
vii. Electricity problem;
viii. Kashmir dispute;
ix. Canal water dispute;
x. Constitutional problem;

Choice of Capital and Establishment of Government:

 The first problem that Pakistan had to face was to choose a capital to from a Government
and to establish a secretariat.
 Karachi was choosen as the Capital of Pakistan.

Unfair Boundary Distribution:

 A Boundary Commission was set up under a British Chairman.He misused his power and
handed over muslim majority areas like Firozpur,Junagadh to India hence providing them
a gateway to Kashmir.
Division Military Assets:
 Pakistan received was nothing but scrap and out of order machines, unserviceable
artillery and aircraft.There are 16 ordanace factories and all were located in
India.Pakistan was given 60 millions ruppes towards its share in the ordanace factory.
Financial assets:
 so as to humiliate Pakistan monetarily, India held against its guarantee and as opposed to
furnishing Pakistan with Rs.750 million, in a slippery demonstration once more, just gave
Rs.200 million. Likewise, the division of military resources was out of line and Pakistan
needed to accept circumstances for what they are as opposed to taking up arms from the
weapons that were definitely to be Pakistan's.

Electricity problem:
 With the division of Punjab in a constant way, the Muslim dominant part zones tumbled
to India – and the power of West Punjab was disturbed in light of the fact that all the
force stations were at Mundi (an Indian territory) – alongside that, before the Indus Water
Basin Treaty, Pakistan was purchasing water from India due to the manner in which the
limits were appointed. India exploited and needed to toss Pakistan into a monetary
emergency as the vast majority of our economy were through farming.

Political Riots and National Riots:

 With the Bengalis raging the State still their primary issue being the lingual inclination of
Pakistan, East Pakistan was ablaze more often than not. Alongside this, the Shia-Sunni
partisan savagery was on the high, and NWFP was stewing for an adjustment in service.
The Anti-Ahmedi riots lead Lahore into Pakistan's first Martial Law.

Those are the problems Pakistan was facing in the beginning of its independence…

Answer to the Ques. No. -05

The Provincial Election in 1954:

In March 1954, an appointment of the last Pakistan Provincial Assembly was held. This political
decision is usually known as the United Front political decision.

The restriction ideological groups, under the initiative of the standard party, Awami League shaped the
United Front to take on the discretionary conflict against the decision Muslim League. The Front was
officially propelled in December 1953 with Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Sher-e-Bangla AK Fazlul
Huq, Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and Sheik Mujibur Rahman as the central defenders. With
'vessel' as the political decision image, the United Front accomplished an avalanche triumph winning 300
seats out of 309. The decision Muslim League got just 9 seats. This constituent win by United Front
denoted a watershed in the governmental issues of East Pakistan. The decision Muslim endured a
devastating destruction, however it was basically cleared out as a political power from East Bengal too.
For the Bangalees, it was an upset through voting form. Be that as it may, the United Front Government
drove by Fazlul Huq was brief. The focal Government of Pakistan disintegrated it on the 56th day of its
supposition of intensity. The Bangalis were offended and incensed by this accursed follow up on the piece
of the Pakistani decision club.

Reasons of Victory of the United Front:

Arrangement of United Front
Joined Front incorporates adjusted and law based, Leftist and Islamic gatherings. It contacted all part of
belief systems which have a place with Bangladesh.

Question of Language
The exertion of government in making Urdu as a state Language and Killing of understudies on 21
February 1952 drove the individuals of East Pakistan crazy that thinks about the political decision.

Administration
Three significant Leaders drove the United Front yet in Muslim alliance, there was not such well known
and adequate pioneer.

The Election Program

The 21-point projects of the front incorporates the requests of the individuals everything being equal.
Then again, Muslim League didn't have any program which contained the interest of the individuals.

Interior Conflict in the Muslim League

Interior Conflict among pioneers of the Muslim League won in the Muslim League during the decisions
that made the gathering frail. Gatherings and sub-bunches were risen in the gathering.

Separating the Dream of Bengali People

The individuals of East Bengal trusted that by making Pakistan, they would have the option to build up
their financial condition. In any case, after autonomy of Pakistan, their fantasy was separated. The
Bengali individuals was confronting dissimilarity in the entirety of circles.