FL UK E AN D P H I LI P S - T HE G LOBA L AL L IANC E I N TE ST & M EASUREME N T

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_ !haoyou_caflia,rry,_ __
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8060Alets you measure frequenciesto200
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FROM THE WORLDLEADER
IN DIGITAL MULTIMETERS.

8062A
$329' ;:::$3:::::
B9:' --,-_ _
.05%basicaccuracy .04%basicdeaccuracy
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cu"" rre::::.nt _
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dio ::.::;
de:..::
te;;;.:
sl _
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e Copyright 19B8JohnFiukeMfg.Co..Inc. All righlS reserved. AdNO.1181-F8060 FLUKE
CIRCLE 121 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 ecember 198911.1
1

BUILD ,.B18 CoMilUiEilEl,GESi

37 PROGRAMMABLE PHASOR PROPERTY GUARD RGB-to-IYTSC EDITOR'S
COIYVERTER WORK . ••
Keep burglars away with shock waves of sound. .....- _ _ ..
_~__ BENett l"

Robert lannini
42 VIDEO SCENE SWITCHER
Give your videos a professional look.
William Sheets and Rudolf F. Graf
45 MAKE YOUR OWN ETCHING TANK
Home-made etch gives professional results.
Tony Lewis

,.ECBNOLOOY 1989
PAGE 81

51 HOLIDAY GIFT GUIDE .-

ANNUAL INDEX

A sampling of electronics gifts for giving-or for receiving! E _ 1 a Volume 60

,,'"
CoM~U ;EitE1lGES; Volume 6
.:.:::=='=:'=::';;~~§'=.~-

COMPU,.EBS
81 RGB·TO·NTSC CONVERTER
Get high-quality computer video on your television!
Robin Bek

CIBCUI,.S .
55 CMOS PLL's
Practical applications for the versatile 4046B micro-power phase-
locked loop IC. The 1989 Annual Index
Ray Marston will appear in the
January 1990 Issue.
59 ALL ABOUT RELAYS
Put solid-state relays to work in your projects.
Harry L. Trietley
Advertising and Sales
Offices
104 Advertising Index
6 VIDEO NEWS 68 HARDWARE HACKER
8 Ask R-E
What's new in this fast- PC-board breakthrough.
changing field. Don Lancaster 105 Free Information Card
David Lachenbruch
77 DRAWING BOARD 14 Letters
22 EQUIPMENT REPORTS PC-board Photography
89 Market Center
Precision Motion Logic Robert Grossblatt
Analyzer and B + K-Precision 35 New Literature
81 EDITOR'S WORKBENCI-I
Model 1249 NTSC Generator.
Software reviews . 28 New Products
67 AUDIO UPDATE Jeff Holtzman
80 PC Service
The sound of CD: Part II.
Larry Klein 4 What's News
 ONTH i
Have you ever wished for a more
eff ect ive way to combat thieves? If
you worry about your car or your
Ilell r nillB
home being burglarized, you can turn
to e lect ro n ics for some peace of
mind.While most people are willing Hugo Gernsback (1884-1967) founder
to settle for a simple noise maker to M. Harvey Gernsback,
scare off a bu rglar, most burglars edi t or-i n-c h ief, emeritus

work qu ickly enough so that an alarm Larry Steckler, EHF. CET.

is not too much of a threat-but not editor-in-chief and publisher
our alarm. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
Our alarm generates painful and Brian C. Fenton, edi t o r
disorienting blasts of h i q h- Marc Spiwak, as sociate edi t o r

p itched-and even ultrasonic- Daniel Goodman, technica l editor

Teri Scaduto, assistant editor
sound tha t are sure to send most
JeRrey K. Holtzman
burl gars running. The frequency and co mputer editor
range of the so und are user-pro- Robert Grossblatt, circu its editor
grammable, and the entire circuit is Larry Klein, audio editor
easy to build. For more deta ils , turn David Lachenbruch
contributing editor
to page 37. Don Lancaster
contributing editor
Richard D . Fitch
contributing editor
Kathy Campbell, editorial assist ant

ART DEPARTMENT
THE JANUARY ISSUE Andre Duzant, art di rector
Injae Lee, ill usirator
GOES O N SALE Russell C. Truelson, illustrator

DECEM B ER 5. PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Ruby M. Yee, production director
Robert A. W. Lowndes,
BUILD R·E's ACOUSTICAL FIELD GENERATOR editorial production
Karen S. Tucker
Turn you r liv ing room into an expansive sound environment!
adverti si ng production
Marcella Amoroso
BUILD A PHONE·ACTIVATED A U D IO·M UT IN G CIRCUIT production assi stant
Nev er miss a phone call agai n- no matter how loud you play your stereo!
CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
Jacqueline P. Cheeseboro
BUILD A SIMPLE LOGIC ANALYZ ER circulation director
An easy 3-c hip ci rcuit will get you started! Wendy Alanko
ci rculati on analyst
Theresa Lombardo
A REVIEW OF THE BERLIN A UDIO FAIR circulation assi stant
A sne ak preview of w hat we can expect to see at the Consumer Michele Torrillo, reprint bookstore
Electro nics Sh ow. Typography by Mates Graphics
Cover photo by Diver sified Photo
tDMilUiEiliJ/GESi Services
Build th e Port -A- M ati c- a new tro ubleshooting tool lets you keep track of Radio -Electronics i s ind exed in
wh at ports yo ur computer accesses. Applied Science & Tech nology Index
and Readers Guide to Periodical Liter-
ature.
As a servic e to reader s. RADIO·E LECTRONICS publishe s available plans or information relating to newsworth y products.
techn iqu es and sci ent if ic and technolog ical developm ents . Becaus e of poss ible variances in the quality and condit ion of M ic rof ilm & M icrofich e editi ons are '
material s and workman ship use d by readers. RADIO-ELECTRON ICS di sclaims any respo nsibility for the safe and proper avai lab le. Contact c ir cul ation dep art-
functi oning of reader -built projects based upon or fro m plans or inform at ion published in th is magazine .
ment for det ail s.
Since some of the equipm ent and cir cuitry desc ribed in RADIO-ELECTRO NICS may relate to or be cove red by U.S. patents ,
RADIO-ELECTRONICS disclaims any liability for the infringement 01 such patents by the making, using, or selling of any such Adverti sing Sales ORices listed
equi pment or ci rcuitry, and sugges ts that anyone interest ed in suc h projects consu lt a patent attorney. on page 104.
(J)
o RADIO-ELECTRONICS, (ISSN 0033-7862) December 1989. Published monthly by Gemsback Publications, Inc., 500-B Bi-
Z County Boulevard, Farmingda le , NY 11735 Second-Cl ass Postage paid at Farmi ngdale, NY and addit ional maili ng off ices.
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e
oW Printed in U.S.A.
The

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...J POSTM ASTER: Please send address changes to RADIO-ELECTRONICS, Subscription Dept., Box 55115, Boulder. CO
W Audit
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(5 A stamped self-addressed envelope must acco mpany all submitt ed manuscripts and/o r artwork or photographs if th eir return is of Circulation
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2
 READY-TO-USE
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co
CD

CIRCLE 148 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 3

 WHAT'S NEWS patterns (speech temp lates) and
other perti ne nt in fo rmati on. Data
Magnetic resonance images is load ed in to t he card w hen it s
take place of X-rays ow ner "t ra ins" t he speaker-ver-
Rep orts on trials of a new experi - ifi cati on software to recog nize hi s
mental ap proach to imaging t hree- o r her voice before usi ng the card
dimen sion al areas of t he human fo r t he fi rst ti me.
body wi th out X-rays we re made by The system works with spec ial
Ge nera l Electri c scientists at th e voice-recog nit io n softwa re t hat
r e c ent Soc ie t y o f M a gn eti c co uld be built into eq uip me nt th at
Re son an c e i n M edi cin e (SM RM) it 's used in, incl udi ng te lep hones,
co nference in t he Neth erl and s. or bank term inals equ ipped wit h a
Th e new tec h ni que, known as micropho ne. The software cou ld
" p hase co nt rast magn eti c reso - also be sto re d i n a ce nt ralize d
nance ang iograp hy," pr odu ces im- co m p uter i n a remote locat io n
ages of fl owin g bl ood th at o ut line suc h as a tel eph on e co mpany cen-
th e ve i ns an d ar te ries throu gh tra l office.
w hich th e bl ood is flowing . The A speaker-ve rif icatio n syste m
faster th e bl o od f lows, th e bright - wo uld be exceptio nally easy to use
er the im age that appea rs o n th e since most co mmands are sim ply
M agn eti c Re son an ce (M R) scan - spo ke n . Co m ma nds range from
ner 's di spla y scree n . Because t he THIS VIEW SHOWING ALL THE MAJOR securi ng access to t he system to
im age changes du e to vo lume of blood vessels of the hand was made with- di alin g p r e-pr o gr amm ed te le -
out X-rays. It used a GE-developed tech-
bl o od f low, th e M R me t hod re- p ho ne num bers.
nique known as " phase contrast magnet-
qu ir es no in jecti on s of X-ray-ab- ic resonance angiography." The GE For examp le, O nce a smart card
so rbi ng f lui ds to highli ght th e ves- technique-totally noninvasive and is pro g ramm ed wit h its u ser 's
sels- ofte n an un comfortabl e pr o- painless-enables viewers to see flowing vo ice, a spea ke r-ver ificatio n tel e-
cess fo r th e patient. blood and thereby delineate the veins and ph on e call co uld pr oceed as fol-
arteries through which it is flowing. The
With the nonin vasive GEM R ap- faster the blood flows, the brighter it ap-
low s:
pro ach , it is po ssibl e to acq uire pears on the MR scanner's display. The user wo uld fi rst in sert t he
data representin g all points wit hin card into any speake r-verif icat io n
a three-d im en sio nal area-co m- capability. A pati ent w it h mult ipl e te rmi nal, w hic h wo uld extract t he
monly term ed volum e-the head, intercr anial ane urys ms was evalu- user 's nam e, speec h te m p lates,
neck, o r whatever. All b lood ves- ate d both w it h X-rays and M R. The an d any specia l co m ma nds and
sels w it hi n th at area can be seen res u lt i ng MR i mages c lear ly bi l l ing in f o rm at i on. W he n
fro m any o rie ntatio n, and t he vo l- showed t he ane u rysms t hat we re pr om pted , t he users wo uld speak
um e can the n be rot ated to give visib le o n t he X-ray screen and t he verificatio n p assw o rd. Th e
vi ew s f ro m f ro nt , back , to p, bot- also an ext ra o ne not discovered passwo rd wo uld be t ranslated into
tom , o r o bliq ue ang les. by X-rays . Th e a dditiona l di gital fo rm , and verified by t he
O ne of the paper s p resente d at ane urys m was fo u nd by rotating co mp ute r w hich wo uld compare
t he SM RM m e e t in g i n t he t he 3-D image to an orientation t he voice against t he pre -pro-
Neth e rl and s d ramatize d th e ad - t hat prov ided an unobstructed gra mmed speec h te mp lates.
vantage of MR angiog rap hy's 3-D view. O nce ve rifie d as t he p rop er
user, yo u wo uld be ab le to sim p ly
speak a co m man d to in it iate a se-
Smart ca rds will respond to Bellco re's recent ly patented ex- que nce of eve nts. For example,
owner's voice per i me nta l system behi nd t he the com mand "Ca ll Mom" co u ld
Based on t he p remi se t hat no " spe ake r-ve r i f icat i o n " co ncept instruct t he p ho ne to generate t he
(J) tw o vo ices are alike, Bellco re has cou ld p ro vid e i nc reased cred it - call, assum ing th e co mmand and
o
z
o
d evi sed a tech no logy for per son- card secur ity and expedi te ot her co rrespo nd ing te lep ho ne num ber
a: alize d " smart cards" th at work w it h t ransactions invo lv ing an access were stored in the smart card .
f-
o spoke n co m mands . The ow ne r card. Bellcore p lans to make the tech-
ill
..J wo uld "trai n" suc h a card-whic h Bel lcore's prototype speaker- no lo gy availab le for licensin g, and
ill
6 co nta i ns i nteg rate d ci rc uits and verificatio n system uses an inte - beli eves that it w ill be qui ckly de-
o software- to recogn ize o nly hi s o r grated circ uit ca rd to sto re d at a velo ped for many co nsume r and
«a: her voice . abo ut its owne r's un iqu e speec h co m merical uses. R-E
4
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 VIDEO
NEWS
• Widescreen TV. In a major move toward the also can enlarge to full -screen "lett er box" TV
implementation of high-definition TV, Thomson transmissions and recordings (wh ich normally
Consumer Electronics announced at the recent have black bands at the top and bottom of the
Berlin Audio-Video Fair that it would introduce screen to show all of the original movie's
TV sets with widescreen proportions next fall. dimensions ).
Thomson is Europ e's second largest Europe's D2-MAC transmissions, which started
manufacturer of TV sets ( aft er Philips). Its this year, are designed to be the forerunners of
brands include Thomson in France; Telefunken, the true HDTV They achieve improvement in the
Saba, and Normende in Germany; and Ferguson picture by transmitting brightness and color
in England. Thomson also sells RCA and GE TV signals separately. The goal of the combined
sets in the Un it ed States, bu t says that its European "Eureka" project is to start compatible
introduction of widescreen sets here will depend HD-MAC 1,250-line widescreen service in 1992. A
upon the American consumers' demand. preliminary version of HD-MAC was being
Widescreen TV's have an aspect ratio of 16:9, transmitted from satellite and distributed by
close to t h e proportions of Cinemascope movies, fiber optics and cable at the Berlin show for
as compared with 4:3 for standard TV sets. HDTV demonstration purposes.
broadcasting is expected to use widescreen
proportions, and the European satellite
broadcasts in the extended-definition D2-MAC • Audio-video CD's. Two interactive audio-
system are expected to include some widescreen video compact-disc formats are racing toward the
pictures as well as standard-aspect consumer market, both with products tentatively
transmissions. scheduled for 1990 or 1991. Compact Disc
Thomson's first widescreen sets will use a new Interactive ( CD-I) , championed by Philips, can
picture tube, now in pilot production, measuring squeeze a whole dictionary of audio and still- or
34 inches diagonally. In height, the 34- inch tube limited-action video on a 5-inch CD. Digital Video
is the equivalent of a standard 28-inch type. The Interactive ( D VI) , developed by GE and being
new set, which will sell for about $5 ,00·0, will be a readied for the market by Intel, claims up to 72
"multi-format multi-standard" model, which can minutes of full-motion digital video, in addition to
receive br oadcast s in all of the world's TV- audio, on the same size disc. Both companies are
transmission standards-those are PAL, SECAM, aiming for $1,000 players at nrst, coming down
andNTSC. rather quickly to somewhere round the $500
In addition, the set will be able to tune directly price level.
to D2-MAC satellite programs, dtsplaymg Manufacturers are still somewhat vague on
widescreen pictures when transmitted, or what kind of programming they think will
standard-dimension programs from any source. become popular, but Philips' subsidiary, American
When tuning regular, standard European Interactive Media, has released a list of CD-I
broadcasts, it will be capable of doubling the programs that are under development. Those
number of fields from 50 to 100, eliminating include ''A Visit to Sesame Street," "Children's
flicker. At the touch of the remote control, it can Bible Stories," "Ch ildren 's Musical Theater,"
~ enlarge a standard-aspect TV picture to display a "Clu e," "Gar dening," the "Grollier Encyclopedia,"
z "cinem a" version, filling the widescreen tube by "In t er a ctive Golf," "Kaleidoscope Music," "Oldies
ff cutting of a portion of the picture's top and Juke Box," "Rand-McNally Family Atlas," "Rocket
o bottom. Alternatively, it can show a standard 4 :3 Ranger," "Bargon Chess," "Sinatra, my Father,"
~ picture at the left of the wide screen, with three "Stamps," "Time-Life Photography," and
w
6 smaller pictures from other channels ( or a VCR) "Treasures of the Smithsonian." That list should
is vertically in the space to the right of the main give you some idea of what the new medium
ii picture ( "picture-outside-p icture"). The new set might be like. R-E
6
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CIRCLE 77 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 7

 WRITE TO :

ASK R-E
Radio-Electron ics
500-B Bi-Cou nt y Blvd .
Farmin gd ale, NY 11735

BROKEN rc PIN £ XTEI<NAL Moto-Too l or similar moto rized

I bought an 80287 Math P I;VS .rc ,BO J/ ,/ harid t o ol w it h a f ine, po in t ed ,
Coprocessor for my Pc/AT and ~-------... t g ri n d i ng wh e el , an d rem ov e
broke pin 1 flush with the DIP sur- <3 "" . . <, .INTEIi'JlAL ~~~ some of th e case, expos ing some
face while installing it, so there's -- __: . . ~ L£4LJ_:. / :. : _-- of t he intern al co nt inuat ion met-
nothing to connect to . I've written - -
- -
- ..... ;")
11
1-;'- -
II _-
ai, as in Fig. 1. It 's not aesthetic,
the manufacturer, but no answer. - - - - - :. 1 I I I 1 ,~- - - - - - but it wo rks.
I1I1 I1 1 1
Do you have any ideas?-J. Dun- - - _ 111 1
_ _ -:::;-1 I I I I
1111 _- - -
II I I 1 _
Althou gh yo u can wo rk eit her
bar, Camden, TN I I I II I
I II I I 1
I I II II
111 1 11
1
o n t he top o r botto m of th e DI P,
Th ere's always a way to fix any- t he to p p resen t s less r isk of
thi ng; let 's tal k abo ut rep airin g FIG. 1 damag ing ot her pin s. Keep the
IC legs in ge neral, and th en w e'll e ){I"O SEJ/ chip co ol with freeze sp ray o r a
S T UB
de al wi th yo u r 80287. So me .. r - - - - - - - - nap kin soaked in ice wate r. Re-
meth od s w ill make a manu fac- '-
..... ..--- I N TE RN AL-
member, grind ing also gene rate s
J
<,
t u re r c ringe, so me may m ake -...::, LEAPS heat. Limi t th e area yo u' re gri nd -
them cross th e st reet and w alk <, in g t o th e width of th e pin , abo ut
the ot he r w ay when th ey see
yo u, and ot he rs may ju st vo id
---- <,
<,
Y16-inch of met al, but don ' t bear
do wn . Wh at ever t he case mate-
yo u r warranty. Puttin g a crutc h ri al , grind a few seco nds, and
on an IC is so me th ing th at eve ry
hardware junki e does eventuall y.
The best w ay is to repl ace t he IC ; L---_+-
------- - _
- - - <--,
sto p t o b oth exami ne th e DI P
and co o l it off. How mu ch yo u'l l
have to d o dep end s o n t he case.
however, t ry ing to get a " reco m -
mended meth od " is li ke asking a FIG. 2
car co m pany how to rep air a gas AlIC
tank leak w it h bubbl e gum . repl ace it . Failing th at, th ere are NIt: z
On e of th e stap les of any elec- o n ly two in st an ces w he n yo u ,rIC
t ro nics ben ch sho u ld be a co llec- sho uld fix it :
A'/C
tio n of d ead l C's, since t he best • It 's th ree o ' clo ck in t he morn -
0/5
repl acem ent for o ne broken IC ing and yo u need it NOW!
leg is ano t he r. Break the leg off a • It 's expe nsive . O fJf
dead IC flush w it h t he bo dy of If t he re's a stub left , ju st tin it lJ/3 7
the DIP, and ti n the end t hat was and solde r th e new p in o n. Th is 0 /2 ..33
near t he DIP. You neith er need can be tri ck y, since t he new pin is ..32
nor wa nt mu ch so lde r beca use sma ll and w ill stick to the iron. 80287 ..3 /
t he m ore yo u have, th e m ore You' ll need a pair of tw eez ers
heat yo u' ll need to melt it , and and steady hand s. Don 't insist o n
heat is th e lC's d eadl y ene my. perfect alig nme nt w it h th e rest of
An y elec tro nics ben ch sho uld the p ins, ju st get it close eno ug h
have a co llectio n of d ead lC's, to fit in a socket. Alig n it after
since t he best rep laceme nt fo r solde ring, to m ini mize heat.
en o ne broke n IC p in is anot he r. If the stub is flus h w it h t he D IP,
o
Z Break off a d ead IC pin flush w it h first expose mo re metal ; t his can
oa: t he package, and tin t he pack age be d on e, bu t takes great care and
I-
oW end . Don 't use mu ch solder; t he ver y steady hand s. Lock t he IC
--l
W
more yo u have, t he more heat ligh tly an alligator clip fixt u re for
o yo u' ll need , w hich may da mage PC boa rd s. If you do n't have o ne ,
o
<l:
w hateve r IC yo u' re t rying to fix . use an all igator clip held in a vi se.
a: O bv io usly, t he best thi ng to do is Then, take a Drem el o r X-acto FIG. 3

8
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11
 Cerami c is more resistant than over he at it needle ssly. Even th e are garbled. I've tried using series
pla sti c, but th ey leave" no resi- slo wes t 80287 costs ove r $150. resistors to cut the level, but they
due ; pla stic grinds qui ckly, but Sin ce the only benefit is aesth et- don't. I know there's some way, but
m elts. O nce you 'v e got th e m etal ic, leave it alo ne . Besid es, asym- I'm out of ideas.-D. Conklin,
exp osed as in Fig. 2, tin it and metry is in vo gu e. Princeton, NJ.
so lde r to it. You haven 't sent in any spe cs
For t he 80287, w he n yo u break MIKE INPUT ATIENUATOR on the recorder, but most have
an IC pin , chec k wh eth er it 's I have a small cassette recorder si m i lar inputs. You 're having a
used. Tho se for the 80287 are in to listen to tapes at work. I spent problem , since a series resistor
Fig. 3, and you're lu cky becau se the extra money for record as well only cuts current. To match sig-
pin #1 is labell ed "N /C " (No as play, since I'd like to use iffor nalline level to input mike lev el,
Conn ection ), so repa irin g it is making the tapes I listen at work. cut the power of the input by
pointless, all th e more so sin ce The problem is, the machine only droppin g both voltage and cur-
you m ight very well dama ge o r has a mike input, and the copies rent. The mike input n eed s
about 200 IJ-V at -72 dB, whereas
standard outputs deliver about
300 mV, at a 10:1 mi smatch . The

;€/ __TO
/ 0 0 1< R Z M/I<£
/aa a: //I'?ur

FRoM L. I Ne.
O UTPUT
T O MIK E:.
INPuT

FIG. 4

problem is compounded if
you 've got low impedance 200-
ohm mike inputs, not high im-
pedance 50K inputs. Use one re-
sistor for the signal current, and
the other on the mike input volt-
age. You can use a transformer,
but an resistive attenuator pad is
easier. It does the same th ing and
mi ght even fit inside the record-
er.
Since I don't have the numbers
on your mike input, you 'll have
to experiment. I used those in
Fig. 4 to pad the mike input in my
recorder, an old Sony TC-55 with
low impedance mike input hav-
in g 200 IJ-V sensit ivity at -72dB .
If there 's enou gh room , use a
DPDT switch as in Fig. 4. With the
switch in the "Mike " po sition,
the input is in it's original con-
(j) dition . Wh en you put the sw itc h
a
Z to " Li ne," the sig n al is f i r st
oc: routed throu gh R1 and th en R2.
I- Mount the resi stors on the
aw
--l sw it ch t erminal s to save space
W
6 and keep th e signal path sho rt.
o
<{
Standard Y4- or Va-w att resi stors
c: are fine . R-E
12
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CIRCLE 155 ON FREE INFORMATION CAR D
 ';,'; \';;:'W ' IH;';;'Y'-
J S);,..;: \~J4'i'\'I>.!

LETTERS
!J !"1TY~P;'Y ,!;t r
; '7:; '7 $ ~J

LETTER.S
.eea/o - €L ECTtflONlcS
500 -8 81-COiJNTr -,OUL£VARD
FAtflMINGDALE, NY 117:JS

SPECTRUM MONITOR Seve ra l p erform an ce asp ect s t hatturns o n a tape record er w he n

CORRECTIONS w ere uncl ear : Ma ximum frequ en- a te lepho ne hand set is take n off -
Th ere are a few co rrect io ns and cy resolu ti on isabo ut 5 kH z. Rotat- hoo k. Th e br idge rectifi er, w hich
clarificatio ns to "B uild th is Spec - in g th e ce nter tune c lockw ise mak es t he device pol ari t y-ind e-
--t r u m-M o n i to r,'-w h ichCl p p ea re d -i n-- (e W )- i nGea s-e-s-t h-e-c e-nTeTf re---~ p~ e=
n a e n t , sno ulCl De ' rotatea''-gO- -
t he Septe mbe r and Octobe r 1989 qu en cy, and vice -ve rsa. The sweep deg rees wit h respect to th e rest of
issu e s of Radio-Electroni cs. Th e co ntro ls hori z on t al sca le; f u l ly t he circ uit. In ot he r wo rds, the in-
t u ne r is a Ze n i t h p art No. CW, it's abo ut 10 MHz/di v, if the pu t s and o ut p uts of t he b ridge
175-02292A. You can b uy it from ce nte r fr equ en cy isn 't near t he sho uld be transposed-Edito r
PTS Co rp., 5233 S. Hwy 37, Blo om- tun er ext remes. Rot atin g it co un -
ing to n, IN 47401 , (800) 333-7871. ter clock wi se (CCW) expands the ONE READER'S OPINION
Cost fro m PTS is $33.45 in clu d in g scale to abo ut 5 M Hz/d iv at m id- I would like to respond to yo u r
shi pp ing and handl in g. range, b ut it's not calib rate d. Set- recent req uest (Radio-Elect ronics,
In t he tu ner d iagram (Fig . 2 in ti ng the sweep fully CCW excee ds Jul y 1989) fo r read er's votes o n the
th e Septem be r issue), some of the t he moni to r's capab ility.-Edito r " PC Service" sect io n, and to vo ice
nom en cla ture is n ot co ns ista nt my o pi nio n on HOTY.
wi th th e schemat ic: PL5 is in cor- ASK RE AGAIN First, I vot e to go back to pu ttin g
rectl y label ed as PL1 , PL6 as PL2, There is a mistak e in "Ask RE," art wo rk fo r t he PC b o ard s o n
C41 as C1, and L3 as L1. In Fig. 4, t he Radio-Ele ctronics, Octobe r, 1989. pages with nothin g p rinte d on the
unl abel ed electro lyt ic ben eath R20 In t he " I Need Val ues" lett er, a ot he r side . Th e way t hat it is pr e-
is C35. sche matic was give n fo r a device sente d now is wo rt hless in most
cases. I wo u ld also like to com -
men t abo ut yo u r artwo rk for large
(usual ly di gital ) PC board s. Be-
cause th ey are so co m p lex and
must be redu ced to fit t he page,
t hey are usually unusabl e because
tracks ru n toget her. As an alte r-
nati ve, perh aps yo u co uld make
f ull-size, clea n artwo rk availab le to -
reade rs by mail , at a small cost .
Now... HOTV. I t h in k th e wh ol e
idea of HOTV is a valiant effo rt fo r a
n e edl ess ca use. I f e qu i p me nt
costs as much as is p red icted, I
certa inly wil l not b uy any. W hy do
MI STAKEN IDENTITY yo u need mo re reso lution on te le-
visio n, anyway-fo r sports nu t s to
In t he Aug ust 1989 " New Pro d- I e n d Trini t r on se ts; t he ir S RS see th e lin es o n t he fo otba ll f ield
uc t's" co l u m n, w e f e atur ed a . spea ke r systems do not in co rp o- clea rer? I see no need to up set the
o tel evi sio n and a speake r system
(f)
rate SRS tec hno logy. The SRS-03K w ho le ind ustry for t he re lat ive ly
Z fro m So ny and m i st ak enl y de- speake r system , shown here and few w ho w ill go to big-screen TV
oa: scribed bot h as i ncor po rat i ng in the original "New Prod ucts" col- (that, admitted ly, req uires better
f-
o Sony's Sou nd Retre iva l System
LU
u mn , costs $299.95; t he co rrect resol ut io n). It seems t hat t he re is
..J (SRS) tec hno logy. Act ually, SRS is p rice fo r t he SRS-77G syste m is always a desi re for co mpa nies to
LU
o used o nly in th e Sony XBR lin e of $199.95 . O u r apo log ies for t he make more mon ey, hidden be hi nd
o tel evi sion sets and in several hi gh - co nf usio n .-Edito r so-calle d bette r p ro d ucts fo r t he
-c
a:L- --.J
average cons ume r, and it w inds up
14
 ltadlG Ihaek Etart I Etlaee S M _. . . . . . . . .

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Electronics Books Instrument Cases - parts-pourri e Chime and Buzzer

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15
CIRCLE 78 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 makin g all pr odu ct s cost mor e. Lines," June 12; " Rada r," June 19; (April 1989). The N ew Yorker series
I love Radio-Electron ics! Keep up and " Video Disp lays," June 26). As di scu ssed research in w hich cats
t he good work. an art ist w ho works w it h elec- were expose d to 147-MHz rad io
NORMAN STOBERT t ron ics , a rep ai r technic ia n, a waves . They fo und that unrnod u-
Berri en Springs, M O teac her, and a hobbyist , I fo u nd lated radio waves of 1 mW/sq . cm .
th e series to be extre mely sober- d idn't cause any p rob le ms, b ut
WORKING LIKE NEW in g. I think the materi al is a " m ust w he n t hey w ere m odul at e d at
Thank s so mu ch fo r t he art icles, read" for all of us invo lved in elec- b rai n-w ave f re q ue nc ies, sig n ifi-
"New Radio s, New Pro bl em s, New t ron ic s-as we l l as t hose w ho cant electrical d ist urba nces in the
Solu t ion s," by Gary McClellan (Ra- aren't. cats' b rai ns we re obse rved . The ex-
dio-Electronics, Jul y and A ug ust Th o se art ic les caref u l ly do cu - perim en t was rep eated o n chicks
1989). By usin g some of th e sugges - me nt research showing at least a and was defin itely shown to cause
ti on s i n th o se articl es, I w as abl e to do ub ling of the in cid en ce of leu- serio us calc iu m- io n and imm u ne-
fi x a Delc o radi o th at I co u ld n't kem ia in peopl e livin g two hou ses syste m pro b le ms in t hei r b rai n
find parts fo r and a San sui car ste r- or less fro m utili ty-p ol e-moun ted tissue .
eo t hat had been " b utc he red " by stepdown tr ansform ers. The d an- I kn ow th at th e k nee-je rk re-
som e oth er techni cian. You saved ge rs see m t o be cause d by th e spo nse to th at so rt of stu ff is to
my neck! Let 's have mor e articl es magn et ic fi eld s and I want ver y ignore it-after all , it is very har-
li ke t hose. much to build some so rt of devi ce row ing news. But itwo uld be sad if
JIM PRIOR th at can accur ately measur e t hose th at happ en ed.
St. Pau l, MN fie lds . The impor tant freque ncies FRED WO LFLINK
are 60 Hz , 120 Hz, and 15.7 kH z. I Brookli ne , M A 02146
RADIATION RISKS wo uld like th e meter to read di-
Like Roy Norman, wh ose letter rect ly in Milli-Guass units. THE GREAT WIRE DEBATE
app eared in t he November issue . I t hin k t hat t his is also important Co nce rni ng t he "great w ir e de-
of Radio-Electronic s, I was im - in li ght of Radio-Electronics' recent bate," I co nd uc te d ex pe ri me nts
pressed wi t h t he series of art icles art icles o n br ain- wave expe rime n- sim ilar to th o se don e by M r. Kiley
cal le d th e "A n na ls of Radi ati on" tation both w ith co mp ute rs (Sep- (Radio-Elect ro nics, " Lette rs ." Au-
that ap pea red in three co nsecut ive te mbe r, O ctob er, and November gust 1989). In my case, I compared
issues of The N ew York er ("Powe r 1988) and w it h medi tation goggles t he performa nce of both 18-SEG

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CIRCLE 151 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 Put Professional Knowledge and a
twin cab le and that of standard 5-A and I think yo u r magazin e sho u ld
PVC lin e cord 20 feet in len gth. I
also co m pa re d perf o rm an ce be -
adapt itself to today's and to mor-
row's techn ol ogy and stop loo kin g
COLLEGE DEGREE
in your Technical Career through
tween w orkin g into an act ual co m- only at th e techn ol ogy of 5 o r 10
m er cial loud speaker and a purely years ago. Hobbyi st s used to be HOME ~ ~l
~lr:
resistiv e load , as we ll as makin g innovator s, in ventors of new elec-
direct measurem ents att he o ut p ut t ro n ic toys. M ost hobbyi sts have STUDY E?.l
of th e ampli fier. Extrapol atin g fo r o nly magazin es li ke yo u rs to in-
th e differen ce between Mr. Kiley's fo rm th em of new mi cro chip s, and
t ests and min e, I arrived at exact ly yo u don 't seem to do yo ur job very
th e same co ncl usio ns as Mr. Kiley we ll.
did . It seems to me, by yo ur arti cles
I did , however, find that th ere on mi crop ro cesso rs, t hat th e new s
was some co ntact resistance in t he takes a lon g t im e to reach yo ur
speake r connection s that far out- magazin e. Take th e 68705 for in-
wei gh ed th e resistance of t he wi re. st ance . I' ve u sed t hat c h i p f o r Add prestige and earning power to
Ch eckin g for th e cau se I found seven years, and f irst noti ced an your technical career by earn ing
that , althou gh th e exte rnal con- arti cle o n it in your magazin e thi s your Associ ate or Bachelor degree
nection s to th e spea ker used sta n- year. What abou t th e 8096, 8098, through dir ected home study.
dard bindin g po sts, th e COnnec - TM S3 70 , uPD 7 810, uPD 7810 ,
Grantham College of Engineering
tion s to the d riv er itself w ere mad e uPD7 811, HD 64180 , HD 64 71 80,
via inexp en sive slide-o n lu gs, and HD641 80S, V25, H8, HPC, 68701, awards accredited degree s in
that merely ji ggling them sli ghtl y 68H C11, 8051, 8751, and 8031, to electronics and computers.
resulted in variations in th e overall nam e a few?
resistance of th e set u p. That was in Th e mo st am us i ng article I'v e An important part of being pre-
line with my gen eral experien ce seen in years is th e o ne on PLC in pared to m ove up is holding the
that poor-quality conn ector s are th e Septe m be r issue. (" Prog ram- right college degree, and the abso-
far more often the cause of sig nal mable Ar chi t ectu res: Th e N ext lutel y necessary part is knowing
degeneration than wi re charac- Breakthrough ?") What are GAL's, your field. Grantham can help you
teri stic s per se. PEEL's, o r EPLD's, mi ght I ask? It
No " p rem ium-w i re pu sher " has so u nds like an articl e th at mu st
both ways- to learn more and to
ever pres ented any evid ence for hav e b een writt en in t he ear ly ea rn your degree in th e process.
hi s claim s, and to m y knowl ed ge, 1970's . I c an und er st and that Grantham offers two degree pro-
no blind group-li st enin g-test re- EPLD's are rath er n ew, bu t I'v e
used them for three years and
grams-one with major emphasis
sults have ever been publi sh ed
(ce rt ai n ly not by th e wire pu sh- th eir EEPROM co u nte r pa rts f o r in electronics, the other with major
er s!). Fortu nately, th ere are signs two years, and I' ve yet to see Ra- emphasis in computers. Associate
that professional audio eng ineers dio-Electronics write any t hi ng and bachelor degrees are awarded
are increasin gl y debunkin g th e abo ut th em. in each program , and both pro-
wir e manufactur ers ' absurd I was rathe r sur p rised to see that gram s are available completely
claim s. th e EPROM used mo st often in by correspondence.
I would like to exp ress my ap- yo u r article s app ear s to b e th e
preciati on for Larry Klein 's man y 271 6. Don 't yo u know that the 2716 No commuting to class. Study at
co nt rib ut io ns to co mm on sense in is an o bso lete part? The kin g in th e your own pace , while continuing
those matter s and for Radio-Elec- elect ro nic w orld nowadays is th e on your present job. Learn from
tronics' con sistent objectivity and 27C256. If I were to design any- easy-to-understand lesson s, with
indep end ent stance in all of th e thin g with a 2716 my boss w ould
help from your Gr antham instruc-
subjects it tackl es-whi ch is a trib- think t hat I was nuts.
ute to it s faithfuln ess to th e prin ci- MICHAEL CATUDAL
tors when you need it.
ple s of it s fo unde r, th e late Hu go Silver Creek, N Y Write for our free catalog (see address
Gernsback. In th ese days of bla - We try to keep our co ns truction
tant scams, it is o ne of th e few projects buildable. That ofte n pre- below), or ph on e us a t toll-free
publication s I kn ow th at I can al- cludes using the latest and great- 1-800-955-2527 (for catalog requests
way s tru st. es t parts in a proj ect. If a 2716V only) and ask for our " degree catalog."
JOH N COX (which cos ts about $4.00) will do
Vancouve r, B.C., Canada the job, w hy wo u ld yo u use a Accredited by
27C512 that costs three times as th e Accrediting Commission of the
National Home Study Council
much ? o
BEHIND THE TIMES? Your p oin t o n cove ring n e w
I'v e read Radio-Electronics for techn ology is well taken. We hop e GRANTHAM ~
more than 20 yea rs, an d yo u've that so me of the articles we have
had quite a few interesting articl es . plann ed for the co m ing year an- College of Engineering ~
in that t ime . swer at least a few o f yo ur co m - 10570 Humbolt Street co<0
Lately quali ty has go ne d own , plaints.-Editor R-E
Los Alamitos, CA 90720 <0
17
 Tek's new 50 MHz 2211 gives you more measurement power for the money than any
scope in its class. If you want the performance of an expensive digital scope, but not the cost, our new 2211 is
the perfect solution. It represents Tek know-how and quality at its affordable best.
It combines powerful 20 MS/s digital sampling with the familiar operation of an analog scope. In digital
storage mode you can capture and display single-shot events, see what happened before atrigger event, or compare
newly-acquired signals to astored waveform.
And ifyou need to analyze fast or complex signals in real time, simply switch
to analog mode with the push of abutton.
Productivity-enhancing features are in abundant supply. For instance, all mea-
surements and front-panel scale factors appear on the CRT Waveform cursors automati-
cally calculate time and voltage. A4K record length and X50 magnification give you excellent
timing resolution, plus analog-quality displays. And trigger levels can be read directly on the screen.
(J)
o
Z Copyright (I;) Tektronix.IrG. 1989 'Prices subjoct 10 change andvalidinU.S. only Educational discounts avai~ble on~uest.
o
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BOB-005

18
 •
There's even astandard hardcopy interface that lets you connect the 2211 to Epson printers or HPGL-
compatible plotters, such as the Tek HC100, for convenient automatic 4-color documentation.
Of course, the true indication of why the 2211 is "best for low-cost test" is price: it's only $2495. Asum
that includesTek's remarkable 3-year warranty on all parts and labor-even the CRT

----

-Three • Model Number__ •• ___ . 221L_____2201

Bandwidlh 50MHz 20MHz

2225
50MHz
2205
20 MHz

value-packed
•
Storage Bandwidth

Sample Rate
1 MHz

20MS/s/ch
1MHz

10MS/s/ch
N/A

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N/A

N/A

companions
Vert. Sensitivity 500 flV/div 5mV/div 500 flV/div 5 mV/div
Cursors/Readout Yes No No No
Hardcopy Interface Yes Option No No

starting at Record Length

Vertical Resolution
4KJch

8 bit
2KJch
8 bit
N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A

$695. Price " $2495 $1495 $1095 $695

For low-cost testing.from 20 to 50 MHz, Tek has the best line-up in the business.
There's the 50 MHz 2225, which offers superb vertical sensitivity, delay, and horizontal magnification up
to X50 for only $1095. The 20 MHz, 10 MS/s 2201 is an economical introduction to digital storage at $1495. And
for reliable, ultra low-cost analog measurement, get the 20 MHz 2205 for an incredible $695.
It's easy to get the best. To order your low-cost Tek oscilloscope or get more information, contact
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21
 EOUIPMENT REPORTS
YO U CAN NOW A DD LO GI C ANALYZ ERS
to the li st of elect ro n ics test equip-
ment that has mad e the tran sition
fro m bein g esote ric and expe nsive
t o bein g rudim en t ary and rela -
ti v el y in exp en si ve. A s mi cro-
Precision Motion 20- pro cessor-ba sed eq ui p me nt be -
MHz Logic Analyzer came ub iqu itou s, havin g the
proper too ls to service th em be-
cam e esse nt ial t o t echni cians .
A 16-channel, 20-M Hz logic H elp in g to f i ll t hat ne ed wa s a
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logic analyzer from Preci sion Mo-
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Lui s Ob ispo , Ca 93401).
Prec i si on Moti on 's lo g ic ana-
lyzer is opt i mized for-but not
li mi t e d t o -d ebu g gi n g ROM -
based hexad ecim al co de . It fea-
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WITH CIE,
THE WORLD
OF ELECTRONICS
CAN BE YOUR
WORLD, TOO.

L ook at the world as it was 20

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CIE
Cleveland Institute of Electronics, Inc.
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MemberNHSC
graduates are employed in Ac credited Member National Home Study Council
electronics or a close ly relat ed
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C IE Cleveland Institute of Electronics, Inc.
1776 E ast 17th S t r e e t . C leve la nd, O h io 44114
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YEs... I want to learn from the specialists in electronics-ClEo
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CIRCLE 60 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

 afte r th e tri gg er , a Ce n tro n ics - 2758, 2716, 2732, 2764, 27128, and data me mo ry to a p rinte r is simp ly
co mpat ib le printer inte rface , and 27256 EPRO M 's. So me ea r l ier a matt er of sett ing the curso r to the
d ata-managem ent fun cti on s. EPRO M 's, spe c if ica lly t hose t hat mem o ry pos itio n w he re yo u want
The analyze r is hou sed in a gray use -5 and +12 vo lts, cannot be t he o utp ut to start, and th en issu-
pl asti c case th at measur es ro ug h ly hoo ked up directl y to th e analyze r. in g t he print co m mand . The next
7 x 4 x 1 in ch es. The fron t panel is O nce th e analyze r is co nnec te d 500 hexadecim al data word s wi ll
dominated by a 24-key membran e to th e circ uit und er test , and t he be o ut p ut to a Ce ntro n ics -co m -
keypad , a 2-li ne by 16-ch aract er pr op er ROM is selecte d and th e patibl e prin ter in a form at of 10
LCD readout, and 6 termin als for cl ock is p rop erl y selecte d, th en co lum ns of 50 wo rds each. A t im-
inputs and o ut p uts. A 0 6-25 paral- the analyze r is ready to do it s job in g-di agr am for mat can also be
lel printer port is provid ed at th e taki ng data. O nce starte d, t he ana- pri nted . If th at opt io n is chose n, a
side of th e analyze r, whil e the to p ly z er co nt i n uo us ly lo ad s h ex- 16-channe l graph ic diagram fo r101
edge of th e unit offe rs a test-cabl e adec i m al d at a wo r ds in t o it s clock peri od s wi ll be o utp ut. The
co n ne cto r and power-suppl y in- mem ory. Th e m em ory wi ll hold co ntents of channe ls 14 and 15 can
put. A 5-volt regulated w aIl-trans- th e 1023 mo st recent w ord s, writ- be o ut put separately. Turnin g t he
form er power sup ply is provid ed in g ove r any o ld data. On ce t he ana lyze r into a handh eld two -
with th e analyzer. selecte d trigger w ord is sto red, th e tr ace, two state sto rage sco pe,
Th e 28-pin IC test clip is well fo ll o w i n g 1023 data w ord s are O th er features of th e analyzer
suite d for co nnec t io n t o eit her 24- sto red. Th e to tal mem ory of the in clud e a hexad ecimal /d ecim al
or 28-pin EPROM's. Th e test cl ip analyze r is 2047 word s. calcul ato r/co nverte r, a pre-t rigger
can conn ect up t o 14 of t he O nce th e d ata wo rds are sto red, arm funct io n, and a sto pwatc h.
EPROM's add ress lines to t he ana- th ey data w ord s can be easily vi ew- We've o n ly scratc he d th e sur-
lyz er. Th e d at a o n t hose lin es ed. Th e analyzer d isplay w ill start face of t he capab ilit ies th at th e Pre-
(0- 13) form t he hexad ecim al data fro m the trigger po sition. Left and cisio n Mo tio n l o gi c an al yz er
words th at are show n on th e dis- righ t arrow keys can be used to de livers . We fo und t he feat ures,
pl ay. Two ad d it io nal input s are scro ll throu gh th e mem or y. Sho rt - the small package, and t he $1495
provid ed on t he front pan el for cuts are provid ed to move throu gh pri ce of the analyzer imp ressive,
lin es 14 and 15. Thos e data are dis- th e memory mor e qui ckly, and a and we' re alm o st look in g for ward
play ed separate ly, unl ess spec if i- searc h fun cti on is provid ed for t o havin g a mi croprocessor-b ased
cally app end ed to the data word. findin g a parti cular data word. syste m b reak down so we can pu t
Th e anal yz er dire ctl y su p p o rt s Outputtin g th e co nte nts of th e it back to w ork . R-E

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24
TElEV IS ION H A S COM E A LO N G WAY IN
a sho rt t im e. Somew he re in th e
past coupl e of years th e te levisio n B + K Precision Model
b usiness w as t ransf o rmed in to the
video ind ust ry. And w he re once
1249 NTSC Generator
screens wer e o n ly fill ed w it h im-
ages desi gn ed to ente rtain, tod ay's A relieble, easy-to-use
tub es d ispl ay eve ryt h i ng fr om
M artian invad ers at a qu arter a pop
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CIRCLE 41 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
to st oc k qu otes at co nsi de rab ly
hi gher pri ces.
The in creased sop hist icatio n of is really co nve nie nt if yo u' re usin g snoo p i ng aro u nd a s us pect
video moni tors has led to t he need an osci llosco pe beca use, for ex- mon itor and yo u can be fairly sure
fo r more sop histic ate d di agno stic amp le, yo u can t rigge r off H w hile of stab le t races.
t o ol s to m aintain th em. O nce
up on a tim e th e in strum ent s
needed to service televi sion s w ere
oft en big ger and more expe nsive
th an th e t elevisio ns th em selves.
BK Preci sion (6470 W. Cortland St.,
Chic ago , IL 60635) has always had a
OPTOELECTRONICS
lin e of vid eo test gear and anyo ne
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Their mod el 1249 is t he ir low -
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a wide vari ety of NTSC co mpat ib le
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in strum ent can ge nerate standard
NTSC col or bars, split image bar s,
stai rcase , and an asso rt me nt of
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450 MHz < 3 mv < 5 mv < 3 mv < 1 mv < 5 mv
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 Bes ides produ cin g NT SC sig- M o st of th e co mp ute r v ideo and set up p roce d u res. Severa l
nals, t he 1249 also generates a 30 bei ng ge ne rated to day is far fro m pages have bee n devoted to a hi s-
Hz TTL level sig nal, (useful fo r ser- bei ng NTSC co mpatib le. Hor izon - tory of NTSC video, an extremely
vici ng VC R's), and a 4.5 M Hz signal tal scan fre q ue nc ies vary all ove r detail ed analysis of t he signal it-
w hic h is exact ly w hat's need ed for the p lace and t he NTSC standa rd self, and a co mp lete glossary of
locati ng aud io iso lation p rob lems p rod uce d by t he 1249 is ju st too video te rms. The manual has clea r
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co nnecto r o n t he fro nt panel w it h anything ot he r th an a small hand- t urni ng t he un it o n to how to ad-
p in ou t s id en ti cal to IB M co lo r f u l of co m p uter m oni t or s. Eve n j ust t he o utp ut by twea k i ng t he
cards and, si nce th er e's a f ro nt so met h i ng as co m mon a s a PC tr im mer s inside t he case. You also
panel switc h to choose eit he r TTL mon ochrom e mon itor need s a sig- get an ove rsized sche matic of t he
level o r .8 vo lt signa ls, t he instru- nal w it h a hor izon tal scan fre que n- uni t - somethi ng most co mpanies
ment can be used to service some cy of about 18 kH z and th e new er d on 't p rovid e - and a co m p le te
co m p uter co lo r monitor s. hi gh resoluti on co lo r moni tor s are part s li st. Just abo ut the o nly co m-
Ther e are some com p ute rs that up beyond 35 kH z. pl ain t I have with t he pap erwork is
pr odu ce RGB vid eo that's reaso n- To be fair about it , t he 1249 was th at B + K doesn't pu t th e IC valu es
ab ly clo se to NTSC, so if yo u ser- design ed around th e NTSC stan- on th e sche matic, onl y th e part
vi ce a lot of these monitors, th e dard so it's hittin g below th e beltto designati on s (10, IC2, etc.). They
1249 ca n ma ke yo u r ben ch tim e crit icize it for doin g o n ly th e job it are, or co urse, in t he par t s li st bu t
mor e effi cie nt. Even thou gh t his was design ed to do . The RGB o ut- it 's alway s mor e co nv en ie nt t o
in strum ent is sold as an standa rd puts are a co nven ience t hat co me have th em right th ere o n t he sche-
NTSC ge ne rato r (pAL is a factory in hand y fo r occasio na l servic- matic.
opt io n), th e fact that someo ne at in g-and , I sup pose th at if th ey The bott om lin e is thatt he 1249 is
B + K decid ed to add a PC-com- save yo u t he hassle of havin g to a good value fo r it s $517 li st pri ce.
patibl e video o ut p ut means they m ak e a specia l ca b le, t hey' re The un it is easy to use, reliab le,
had an eye on th e f ield of co mp ut- wo rt h th e front panel space th ey gene rates rock steady sig nals, and
er monitors. That's co m me ndab le, occ u py. yo u don 't need a seco nd mortgage
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32
ran ge , " 8& K-PRECIS ION 's d e-sold er ed in an hour. eo Repair School, P.O. Box
m od el 1804 f eatures m ea- Th e IC Rem over is a set of 121 , Gle n, M S 38846.
sure me n t to 550 MHz, an 8- eig h t spec ial d e-sold erin g
di git LED displ ay, a low-pass to ol bits t hat screw o nto t he SW R/WATTM ETER. You can
f i lte r, 1- and 0 .1- se cond ti p of a Radio Shack o r m on ito r SWR, fo rwa rd , and
gates, and an ove rf low in- Unga r so lderi ng i ro n . Th e ref lected power at a single
di cator. It has a d irect range tips fit 8- to 40-p in lC's, and glance w it h t he MF]-8158
of 5 Hz to 100 MHz and a can be used to re move l C's ligh ted c ross -nee d le SW R/
CIRClE 15 ON FREE
prescal e range of 10 MHz to INFORMATIONCARD fro m d oubl e-sid ed and mul-
550 MH z . Usin g th e 1.0-sec- t il ay ered b o ar d s w i t ho u t
ond gate, it has resolution
of1 Hz in direct m ode and 10
mV rm s for 80- 100 MH z .
Prescale-range sensit ivity is
dam agin g th e bo ard . Be-
cause th e l C's are heated so
I "-._
__
- 1 .~
Hz in prescale m od e ; with
th e 0.1-second gate, direct
and prescale resolution s are
50-mV rm s for 10-550 MH z.
Th e in p ut f ilter is a sw itc h-
selectab le 100-kH z lo w-p ass
br i efl y, t hey a re n ot
da mage d eithe r, and ca n
th en be reu sed in ot he r ap- .
II
• 1m .
~-
:~ ~
....

£.
10 and 100 Hz , resp ectivel y. filter. pli cati on s.
Acc u racy with th e 1.0-sec- Th e m od el 1804 fr equ en cy Th e I C Rem o ver set o f
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CIRClE 17 ON FREE
cu racy ± 1 coun t; with th e pri ce of $295.00.-B&K-PRE- (so l de r i ng ir on n ot in-
INFORMATION CARD
0.1-second gat e accuracy is C1SION , M axt e c Int erna- clud ed) cos ts $89.95.- Vid-
± tim e base acc u racy ± 2 ti on al C o r po ra t io n , 647 0 w attm et er, w h ic h p ro vid es
co unts . W est Co rt land Ave n ue , Chi- b oth peak - and av e rage -
Th e co u nter's i n p u t im- cago , IL 60635. re adin g f u nc t io ns . Th ere
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less th an 40 pF. For the pre- Rem o ver f ro m Video Rep air and refl ected po w er (2000
scale ran ge, imped an ce is Sch o ol, you can qui ckl y sal- w att s fo rwa rd/500 watts re-
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ni c ati on s appli c ation s. from su r p l us PC board s. w ard /50 wa tts re fl ect ed ).
Sinew ave sens it iv ity for th e With a littl e practi ce , a 40- The M F]-8158 shows SW R
direct ran ge is 30-m V rm s pin IC and be de -so lde red fro m 1:1 to 8 :1, and cove rs
for 5 H z-30 MH z ; 50-mV in as littl e as 8 seconds, and CIRClE 16 ON FREE 1.8 to 30 M Hz w it h 10% ac-
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CIRCLE 136ON FREE INFORMATION CARD ~
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33
 covered by MFj 's f ull on e- sizes for easy access an d Th ere are four different sets
y ear " N o Matt er What " use , and lock s th em in t o avail abl e, each offe ring vari-
gu arantee. pl ace f or qui ck and easy ous bit co mb inati o ns. Each
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Enterprises, lnc., P.O . Box (It em No. 10938) has a sug- w ith ju st two sta n dard Y4
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EastBroadway, P.O . Box 660, b its and soc ket s snap-lo ck
HEX KEY SET. Bondhu s' Monti cello, MN 55362. into pla ce in a co m pact bu t
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ten " Balld rive r" he x-key L- PROTOTYPING WORKSTA-
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3fs-inch sizes . Th e pat ented Spe cial ti es' PB-204 Proto- as 2414-pin D IP's.
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The PB-204 offers a highly H av e n , CT 065 12; CIRCLE 20 ON FREE
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tripl e-voltage power supp ly 1-800-445-6250).
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safely hand le op-amp, mi - SOCKET BIT SETS . To elim i- Th e SOCKET SAVER sets
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CMOS design applicatio ns . costs of individ ual sockets, of $37.00 each .-Bondhus
The large breadboa rd ing Bondh us has introduced Corporation , 1400 East
CIRCLE 18 ON FREE ar ea has 2250 tie points, SOCKET SAVER i n t e r - Broadway, P.O. Box 660,
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34
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puter co ntrol of these music systems . contains vita l inform ation. VIDEO
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NY 11762-0240.
CIRCLE 141 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE 140 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

co n ta i ns 14 pages of n ew Group, 17301 Rid geland Ave- avail ab le at no charge to

pr odu ct s . Th e Jen s en nu e , Tinl e y Park , Il quali f ied service estab lis h-
1989-90 M aste r Cata log i s 60477-0981; 1-800-777-3300. ments, lab s, eng inee rs, and
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RF POWER MEASUREMENT.
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M easuremen t is a 60-page,
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I/O CONNECTOR CATA - CATALOG OF CATALOGS .
lOG. The 12-p age bull etin Eaton Co rporatio n 's Liter-
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O utp ut D ata Co m m un ica - pr odu ct catalogs and bro-
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35
 • DC to 40MHz • DC to 100MHz
• Dual Channel • Dual Channel
• CRT Readout • Delayed Sweep
• Cursor Meas • CRT Readout

.=,.~~ List $595

• DC Offset • Sweep Time
• Alt Magnifier • Autoranging
• Compact Size • Trigger Lock
• 2mV Sensitivity
Save $170 ~;;';"";;'''';'':'';''-------....I.,,;;;;;';;';''';;''';'';''~------'­

I
P~d~E IS~~E
LIST
Y·223 20M Hz D.T.• 1mY sens , Delayed Sweep, DC Offset. Vert Mode Trigger $825
20MHz Dual Trace Oscilloscope Y·422 40MHz
Y·423 40MHz
D.T.• 1mY
D.T.• 1mY
sens,
sens,
DC Offset Vert Mode Trigger. All Mag
Delayed Sweep, DC Offset. Alt Mag
$940 740 200
All Hitachi scopes include probes, schematics $1.025 825 200
V·660 60MHz D.T.• 2mY sens, Delayed Sweep , CRT Readout $1.295 1.145 150
and Hitachi's 3 year guaranty on parts and Y·l065 100M Hz D.T.• 2mY sens, Delayed Sweep . CRT Readout. Cursor Meas $1.895 1.670 225
labor. Many accessories available for all Y·llooAlooMHz a.T.• 1rnv sens , Delayed Sweep, CRT Readout . DYM, Counter $2,450 2,095 55
scopes. Y·1150 150MHz a .T.• 1mY sens, Delayed Sweep , Cursor Meas . DYM, Counter $3,100 2.565 535

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20MHz Dual Trace Oscilloscope 35MHz Dual Trace Oscilloscope
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PRICE BREAKTHRU TrueRM54'h Multlmeter with Digital Capacitance Meter Digital LCR Meter
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SL·30 ---- .'--" ~ 9430
$29.95 _ _ •• 1.100 pins $15
.3 1/2LCD Display $99 . - .- 9434 ST·265
.27 Functions - 2.170 pins $25
• Auto IManual Ranges
Digital display
Temp range: \1....- _ ••_ . 9 , $35 $25
• Audible Continuhy M·3500 M·4500 300F-900F .;i. . 24•63
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Variable RF output 19610 Resistor 810x
Convenient one hand operation with batteries Provides sine,lri,squ wave 47 ohm to 1M & 100K pot
5G·95oo with Digital Display Measures DCY. ACV, Ohms and case from 1Hzto 1MHz 19620 Capacitor 810x
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Digital Triple Power Supply XP-765 Quad Power Supply Xp·580 10Mhz XT 100% IBM® Compatible
$249 $59.95 MODEL PC-1000
Q·20V at 1A
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$595
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XP·660 with Analog Meters $175 XP·575 without meters $39.95
Four·Functlon Frequency Counters GF·8016 Function Generator 150W Power Supply
with Freq. Counter 5/10MHz Motherboard 256K RAM
(J) F·100 120MH 8 Expansion Slots Expandable to 640K
o $179
z
o . ... .- . .s;;aIll...Sine.
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360K Floppy Drive
Monochrome Monitor
Monographic Video Card
a: F-1000 1.2GH Square . Triangle .
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f-
oW Fre;;;nCy. Period , Tota lize. $259 Freq Counter .1 ·10MHz FREE spreadsheet and word processor
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36 CIRCLE 109 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 PROGRRMMRBLf
ROBERT IANNINI

LET'S FACE IT. MOST OF US HAVE BEEN THE

victim of some form of theft at one
time or another. The chances are that
either you personally, your house,
your car radio, or your whole car has
PHASOR
at one time been robbed . And, while a
car armed with an ordinary siren-type
alarm is better-protected than if it had
nothing at all, most people won't even
PROPERTY
look away from what they're doing
when they hear a car alarm go off.
And most thieves are not at all fright-
GUARD
ened by them either. More important,
a thief can be out of the car so fast that
by the time someone does something
about it, it's too late.
That's where the Phasor Property
Guard comes in. It's not just an alarm;
it emits sound that is actually painful
to listen to. It's sound output can be
adjusted from an inaudible yet painful
ultrasonic level, to an ordinary alarm-
type sound, to a level that's so loud
and irritating, that not -eve n the
world's best car thief could stand to
listen to it as he tries to steal your car
or car stereo. Be warned, though, that
continued exposure to the sound can
permanently damage your hearing.
Now you can protect your
Operation valuables by scaring criminals away with an
The Property Guard is intended as a
property- or home-protection device. unbearable ear-piercing sound.
It generates high-pressure ultrasonic
sound that is triggered when an un-
authorized intrusion is detected. The tunately being the more sensitive. Ex- tion that each transducer can produce
unit can be triggered by a trip wire or ternal adjustments allow the user to up to 118 dB at a distance of I meter.
closed system such as taped glass select clearly audible sounds that Sound-pressure levels are log-
windows and doors, where a break or serve as an alarm or the higher-fre- arithmic, so every time the distance
open triggers the unit. The unit also quency energy that produces the dis- from a transducer is doubled, the
contains a switch input that can be comfort and other effects . sound pressure is attenuated by factor
used with a pressure-sensitive switch Sound-pressure level is less than of -3 dB.
activated when someone enters a 130 dB, and will not produce penna-
room or building. A positive voltage nent damage if exposure is kept to a Circuitry
from equipment such as an IR intru- minimum. Therefore, prolonged ex- If you look at Fig. I, the detection
sion detector, motion detector, sound _posure is not encouraged. A rule of circuits monitor inputs 11, J2, and 13,
detector, etc., can also be used to trig- thumb is to keep exposure down to and, when they sense an intrusion,
ger the unit. less than I hour to any frequency less they energize control-relay RYI via
The sound produced by the unit can than 20 kHz at a sound pressure of 105 drive-transistor Q5. Note that the re-
cause certain adverse effects to the dB or over. lay controls power (Vcd to the driver
intruder. They may be paranoia, se- The system consists of a central stage shown enclosed in the dashed ~
vere headaches, disorientation, nau- control unit that can power up to 6 lines . Diodes D2-D6 guarantee full ~
sea, cranial pain, upset stomach, or remotely located transducers, which "off" and "on" functions of the cir- ~
just plain irritating discomfort. Most can be positioned to take advantage of cuit while D7 clips the voltage spike gJ
people are affected in one way or the potential entrance and intrusion produced when the coil of RYI is (0

other, with younger women unfor- areas. Be sure to take into considera- turned off. A set of relay contacts are ffi
37
 ~------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
DRIVER STAGE TP2
17.5V
' VALUE OF INDUCTANCE Cl0
: IN fLH REFERENCED FROM PINl 3.9fLF
I

:> - - Vcc
j1i
L2

,----_+---+-_ _+-_---, 03
8 4 2N3055 3
r-'-'--"-'-""

ICl IC2
555 555
R1 3
lK

Cl
.01 .-'IIY\r-.. + l 2V
R22
,~ 30n
I '=
- ----------------- ----------------- -------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~
C12 _
--I ~1 0fLS OUTPUT STAGE 10,000fLF -
..J:.. S4
~JLJ1 ~ TP3
l5V
R1B
lK R19 r- -- - ------i
4 I TPl
lBV

• I-
2V 5OfLS -.j
R15
lK
08
l5V
100 I
I
RYI
Vcc ~
7

I1vN\J\ ~
J3
Cll
100fLF
05
lN914 '=
J2

04 06
'=
l N914 lN914
R17 03
lK 02 lN914
Jl lN914 '= POWER SUPPLY
04
PN2222 '=

'= DETECTION STAGE TO EXTERNAL + l 2V FOR PORTABLE OPERATION

'=

FIG. 1-SCHEMATIC OF THE PHASOR PROPERTY GUARD. Detecti on circuits sense an

intru sion from J1, J2, or J3. tent by power-resistor R23 . Note the
wave shape shown is at a fixed fre-
used to "hold on" the circuit once by R12-a and RI 2-b . The square-wave quency of 20 kHz .
triggered. A pushbutton sw itch (S4) output signal is then fed into power Timer ICI is similarly connected as
allows resetti ng of th e circ ui t by amplifier Q3 via 01. The collector of an astable run ning multi vibra tor, and
gro unding th e positive " hold on" Q3 is DC biased by the choke-coil/ is used to prod uce the sweeping volt-
voltage at the diode junctions. transformer combi na tion, L l. Re- age necessary for mod ulating the fre-
As for the dr iver circuitry (inside sistor RI4 helps stabilize the stage. quency of IC2 . IC I is activated by S5
the dashed line s), a 555 timer (IC2) is The amp lified square waves are fed to (the switch-half of RlIS5), and the
con nected as an astab le free-running the transducer via resonating-coi l L2 sweep repetitio n rate is controlled by
multi vibrator whose frequency is ex- and DC-blocking-capacitor ClO. The R I (the pote ntiometer-half of RlIS5).
ternall y controlled by potentiometer resonating coil is selected to tune out Resistor R2 limits the range of the
R7 . Resistor R8 selects the range lim- the inheren t capac itance of the trans- repe tition time . Resistor R3 select s
it of R7, while R9 selects the duty ducer at the upper frequency limit- the duty cycle of the pulse while ca-
cycle or symmetry of the pulses. Ca- usually around 20 kHz. A sinuso idal pacitor C2 sets the sweep time range .
pacitor C6 , along with those resistors wave is generated tha t allows th e A slow sweep range is selecte d by SI
determines the frequency range of the transducers to operate at a hig he r con necting C3 to the circuit. The
device . A low-range switch (S2) de- peak power level than wo uld the ramp-voltage output of ICI at pins 2
creases the frequenc y by switching equivalent-voltage square wave be - and 6 is resistively coupled via R4 to
en C5 into the circuit. A test switch (S3) cause less power is goin g into the inverter tran sistor Q1. The output of
o
Z connects C7 acro ss C6 , thus dropping harmonics that would make up the QI is fed to pin 5 of IC2 and provides
o the frequency to approximatel y Vs, square wave. Resonant peaking of the the mod ulation voltage nece ssary to
ex:
I- producing a clearly audib le tone for generate the sweeping frequency ac-
oW voltage is also obtai ned . The trans-
--l verification and test purpo ses. ducers, unlike the ir electromagnetic tion required . Note that the signal is
W
The square-wave output of IC2 pin counterparts, have a tendency to draw easi ly disabled via S5 , which is a con -
o
o-c 3 is resistively co upled to Q2 through hi gh curre nt at high er freq ue ncies . venie nce whe n initially setti ng or
ex: RII. The coll ector of Q2 is DC biased That effect is compensated to an ex- checking the range of IC2, as it elimi-
38
nates the constant varying frequency. Vee
(FIG.3.UI
Power is supplied to the system by a
conventional step-dow n transformer
TI , bridge-recti fi er BRI and filter-ca-
pacitor C12. Power is controlle d by
S6, w hic h i s part of the frequency-
contro l potenti om eter R7 . A neon in-
di cator l amp (NEI) tells w hen the sys-
tem is energ ized (R24 i s a current-
limiter for NEI ). A remote-control op-
tion is avail able via pin s I and 2 of the
terminal strip; pins I and 2 must be
connec ted fo r normal opera ti on . A
three-w ire line cord is show n, but a
two- wire co r d wi ll su ffice as th e
power supply voltages are under 25
volt s.

Construction
The Property Guard co nsists of a
driver board that's assembled 0 11 a PC
board and a detect ion board that' s as-
semble d on a piece of perfboard.
Both are in stall ed inside a metal cab- R7 Rl
inet with vari ous controls and other FIG. 2-D RIVER-BOARD PARTS PLACEMENT. Most of the resistors are vertically
hardware mounted to it. A parts- mounted.
pl acem ent di agram for the dri ver
board is shown in Fig. 2. Most of the gested layout is shown in Figs. 3 and w ire in a solenoi dal format on a 2-
resisto rs are vert ically mounted. Al- 4; simply mount the components on inch lon g piece of 5fs-inch outside-
ways leave at least Y\6-inch l ead be- the perfb oard and hardwi re the j um- di ameter cardboard form. Wr ap the
tween the bod y of a component and pers as indicated by the dashed lines. coil with tape, or hold the turn s to-
the PC board. A ssembl e the resonator coil L 2 by gether with shellac, varn ish, etc . The
A s for the detection board, a sug- winding 40 turn s of no . 18 enameled ferrite core (FER I) included in the kit

PARTS LIST
All resistors are %-watt , 5%, un- C8, C11-100 IJ.F, 25 volts , elec- T01, 2, 3, 4-Piezo directional trans-
less otherwise indicated. trolytic ducers
R1-500 ,000 ohms, potentiometer/ C1Q-3.9 IJ.F, 350 volts, paper
switch (S5) C12-10,000 IJ.F, 16 volts, electrolytic Miscellaneous: line cord and re-
R2, R3, R4, R5-10,000 ohms (larger value acceptable) tainer bushing, wire nuts, metal
R6, R13 , R15, R16, R17, R18, R2Q- cabinet , perfboard (3 V2X 4 %
1000 ohms Semiconductors inches), dual T03 heat sink, T03
R7-500Q-10,000 ohms, potentiom- IC1 , IC2-555 timer IC mounting kit (see Fig . 5) , tape ,
eter/switch (S6) 01-IN4001 50-volt diode neon-lamp holder, small vinyl strap,
R8-1500 ohms 02 ,03,04,05, 06-IN914small sig- no. 24 hookup wire, no. 20 hookup
R9-3900 ohms nal diode wire, hardware, 4-lug screw termi-
R1Q-10 ohms, V2-watt 07-IN4007 15-volt diode nal strip, fuse holder, PC board, etc.
R11-470 ohms 08-15-volt Zener diode
R12-a and R12-b-220 ohms total (2 01-PN2907 PNP transistor Note: The following items are
11 O-ohm 3-watt resistors con- 02, 05-04005 NPN power tran- available from Information Un-
nected in series) sistor limited, PO Box 716, Amherst,
R14, R21-Q.33 ohms, 5 watts 03-2N3055 NPN power transistor, NH 03031: assembled and tested
R19-100 ohms T03 package driver board (Fig. 2), part no.
R22-30 ohms, 2 watts 0 4-PN2222 NPN transistor PPG3A (includes all switches
R23-15 ohms, 10 watts (see text) BR1-5-amp bridge rectifier and controls), $59.50; as-
R24-39 ,000 ohms Other components sembled and tested detection
Capacitors S1 , S2-switch OPOT switch board (Figs. 3 and 4), part no.
C1 , C4-Q.01 IJ.F, 25 volts, ceramic S3, S4-momentary pushbutton PPG3B, $39.50; L1 multitap
disc RY1-12-volt OPST relay transformer, $34.50; L2 reso-
C2-1 IJ.F, 25 volts, electrolytic L1-AF choke/transformer (see text) nator, $19.50; TD1-TD4 Piezo di-
o
C3, C9-10 IJ.F, 25 volts, electrolytic L2-resonator (see text) rectional transducers, $12.50ea. m
C5, C6-Q.01 IJ.F, polystyrene (use T1-12-volt, 2-amp transformer For overseas operation on 220 om
0.0068 IJ.F for higher frequency) F1-1-amp fuse volts, it is suggested that you ~
ID
C7-Q.047 IJ.F, 25 volts, ceramic disc J1-J3-RCA-type jack use transformer no. STDWTR, or rn
:0
(use lowervalue for higher frequen- NE1-neon lamp obtain any 220-to-110-volt, 50/60
cy) FER1-3 x V2 ferrite core ohm 50 VA unit. <D
ex>
<D

39
 components. It's a good idea to test-
position each component before drill-
ing or cutting . Note the mounting of
power res istors R l4 and R23; R l4
TOll
PINl must be sealed in RTV or elec trical
IFIG.6.Q) putty to prevent contac t of 115V cir-
FERl
cuits. Do not con nect the lead to Q3's
base at that point.
Asse mble Q3 with its mounting kit
as shown in Fig. 5 , and mount it on
the heatsink. Note that the body of Q3
must be insulated from the heat sink.
Ch eck it with a meter to prevent
TO Ll dama ge to the circuitry.
PIN13
IFIG.5.M)
Assembl e th e c ho ke -c o il/ tra ns -
former comb ination Ll by winding 15
turns of no . 18 wire between pin I and
VINYL 18 on the bobbin , 10 turns between 18
STRAP and 6 , and 5 turns between 6 and 13.
Wind all sections in same direction .
DOUBLE Those are taps for setting the output
SIDED
Vee
TAPE level desired . Assemble the fer rite
(FIG.2.UI
" E" cores with the brass " U" bolt to
secure it to the cab inet.
Since the choke is for feedin g DC
TO
TERMINAL current to Q3 and to maintain a block-
STRIP. ing effect to the AC signal, an air gap
H '--- -+-_CONTACT3 may be required if more than 4 tran s-
(FIG.5.H)
ducers are powered by the system: It
FIG. 3-A SUGGESTED LAYOUT for the detection board. Mount the components on is sugges ted that you wind 10 more
pertboard as shown. turns on the core and space the ferrite
" E" cores with a piece of scotch tape
placed one layer thick on each leg of
one of the " E" core pieces . Note that
TO RYl PIN4
(FIG.3)
the preassembl ed units do not use an
TO RYl air gap.
r------Q..---- PIN5
I IFIG.3)
Checkout
~-~ Ch eck your wiring for accuracy,
the quality of solder joints, short cir-

~~-,
cuits, pinched wir es , debris , etc .
Now place a jumper across contracts I
Q5
- I TO RYl
~PIN 6
and 2 of the terminal strip, and ground
13. Plug the unit into a 120-VAC out-
let and turn it on. Check TPI for 3-4

rn
IFIG.6.SI+-r----f--=:::£ -.J (FIG.31
08
-- - , volts higher than what's shown in Fig.

r- r_~~R20
1 (that's because there's no load on it
(FIG.6.T) L now). Also check for 15 volts at TP 3 .
~---- -' --- .. TO C12( - ) Rel ay RYI sho uld be deen er gized ,
TO and TP 2 should be at zero volts. Mo-
TERMINALSTRIP(FIG.5.1) mentaril y unground 13 and then rec-
CONTACT 1
onn ect it ; RYI s ho uld e nerg ize .
FIG. 4-DETAILED VIEW of the detection board. Hardwire the jumpers as indicated by the Measure 15 volts at TP 2. Push the
dashed lines. reset switch (S4) and make sure TP 2
drops to zero .
should be inserted inside the card- Asse mble and wire the cabinet as Momentarily ground 11 and aga in
(j)
Q board tube . Note that L2 is sec ured to shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Be careful to note RYI energizing. Measure 15
z the perfboard by a piece of foam tape allow sufficient clearance for the con- volts at TP 2; push S4 and make sure
o and a small nylon strap. Bring the TP2 drops to zero . Momentarily ap-
II: tacts of the termin al strip. Note that a
f-
o leads out from T2 as shown Fig . 3. hole about the 'size of a half-doll ar ply a 5-IO-volt level to 12 through a
ill
-.J
ill
Note the wirin g of relay RYI. Use must be made in the cabin et directl y lK resistor and repeat the previou s
o appropri ate pieces of vinyl-covered under Q3 for the w ir e s to pass step. That verifies the detection stage
o<t: no. 22 wire for leads from the relay to through . Use the drawing s as a refer- of the device .
II: the board . ence for the locati on of all holes and Energize the system by removing
40
 the gro und co nnec tio n to 13 . Turn S5
to " off," rotate R7 full y clockwise ,

0
~;Efl
BOARD
DETECTION
BOARD
open up S2 , co nnec t a scope to the
collec tor of Q2, and note the approx i-
I mate wave shape as show n; the volt-
I II
I I IFIG.4,1) age will be approx imately 15 volts

~ _~
p-p. Those settings sho uld be at the
N max imum fre que ncy obta ina ble , If
the frequency varies much from 20
kHz , it will be necessary to change
T1
the value of R8 or C6; a higher value
for lowering the frequ en cy and vice
versa.
L1
Rotate R7 fully co unter-clockwise
and note the freq uency droppin g from
20 kH z to 10 kHz. Close S2 and note
frequency range dropping from ap-
proximately 10 kH z to 5 kH z. Check
the action of test- switch S3 and make
sure that all freq uenc ies decrease by a
factor of 4 to 5.

---, """~
"-
Preset all co nt ro ls for max imum
frequency, and turn on S5 to initi ate

, .,,- 4;/:;
~~---,
,

G-
swee ping actio n , Close S I and rotate
RI full y co unter-clockw ise. Note .the
freque ncy swee ping from 20 kHz to
approx imately 25 kH z . S weep ra te
MOUNTING
KIT -, 0-
,
G-~" ,", ~"
" t.(",~ ,
will increase by approx ima tely x 10
............ .......... (/J.~ whe n S I is ope n. A change will also
occ ur when vary ing RI . That checks
'~ the frequency and swee p ranges of the
FIG. S-CABINET WIRING. First make all of these connections, before continuing with device , Note that the frequency read-
Fig. 6. ings may vary, and can be com pen-
sated for, if necessary, by changing
circuit values.
Co nnec t the base of Q3 to the driv-
er board via jumper lead (N). Conn ect
up to 4 tran sdu cers in parallel to co n-

( --l
tacts 3 and 4 of the terminal strip.
DETECTIO N
BOARD Note that if only I or 2 transduc er s are
, DRIVER II
used, it will be necessary to change
I BOARD I I SEE FIG 'S 3 AND 4 R23 from 15 ohms to 40 ohms for
I

~ __J
outp ut comp ensation .
I,
Apply power and co nnect a sco pe
"\
across the tra ns duce r(s). Th e wave
sha pe should be close to a sine-wave .
T1
The wave shape deteriorates as the
frequency is lowered . Double check
TO R21/R22 the test points with the sys tem in full
(FIG.3,Q) operation, noting the values given in
L1
Fig. I.
Adjust the ferrite core inside L2 for
PIN1 maximum voltage at max imum fre-
quen cy and sec ure it in place . The
core may not be needed if four or
more transdu cers are used , as the in-
duction of the co il by itself is usually
suffic ient.
You will note that LI is shown with g
several tap co nnections intended to ~
prod uce more output. Tap 18 is the ~
fac to ry setti ng and is in tended for gj
FIG. 6-FINISH THE WIRING as show n here. Be careful to allow sufficient clearance for continuo us use ; the voltage across the CD

the contacts of the terminal strip. (Co ntinued on page 76) ~

41
 WE L EFT OFF LAST MONTH WITHO UT
finishing the discussion on the circuit-
ry operation. So let's finish describing
the circuitry, and then get to building
VIDEO
and aligning the unit. Before we be-
gin, though, please note that there are
a couple of corrections that you 'll
want to make to last month's article.
SCENE SWITCHER
FIrst. in Fig. 3, pin 13 of IC3 and its
WILLIAM SHEETS and RUDOLF F. GRAF
corresponding channel-2 component,
ICI6 , should be connected to + S
volts for proper operation . Second , Time to finish this project.
the correct value for R9 and R209
should be ISK . When we left off we
were explaining Fig . S, so would you
please refer back to that figure in last R1l2-R118 generate the required the PLL on the keyer board (lCS ) need
month 's issue. waveform. be only SO rnA , but it sho uld be well
Ramp-generator ICI2 is used to ICI8-c and IC20-c are configured filtered . A suitable power-supply is
generate a slowly varying DC voltage as a DPDT switch to switch between shown in Fig. 7 .
for slow fades , wipes, or key-ins . It is CHI and CH2 for direct fade s, wipes , The two PC boards can be con -
fed either positive or negative signals or key-ins (genlock sources are re- structed using the Parts-Placement di-
through R44 . The speed (rate) of the quired). Switched video from both agrams of Figs . 8 and 9. Foil patterns
ramp depends on the setting of the channels is fed to fader RI2S . The for the two PC boards are provid ed in
speed control R42. By varying R42, output of RI2S is taken to summing PC Service. Just be very careful when
either a slow or fast key transition can amplifier IC21 , together with sync soldering , so that you don 't create any
be obtained . R47 is used where man- from ICI7-b and ICI9-b (sync is se- problems for yourself when you go to
ual control of key transition is desir- lected for the channel in use). Fre- calibrate the unit. Check off each 'part
ed. Q3 and Q4 feed either + S or
- SV DC to R42 , depending on the
logic level at the junction of R37 and
R36 .
Figure 6 shows the video switching
circuits; IC17-IC20 are CMOS ana-
log SPDT switches. Each has three
sections that can be switched at over
I-MHz and can handle signals up to S
MHz with SO dB isolation . They are
controlled by a logic level at the input.
All switches are in •.up" positions
(N .C.) when logic level is zero, and
"down" (N .O.) when logic level is
high .
Channel-l video is input to pin IS
of ICI7 (IC I is fed from that point as
well), where it is split into video and
sync. ICI7 is dri ven QY IC2 in the quency-cornpensation
keying section. Sync and video are components RI19 and CI07 maintain as you install it,
available separately at 12 and 17. In correct burst pha se . The output of and inspect your work as you go along
FIg. 6 , an HEF" followed by a letter IC21 is a complete inverted video sig- to minimize headaches later on.
represents an emitter-follower circuit; nal. It 's fed to IC22 for re-inversion After you've assembled and check-
one is shown in detail inside dashed and then to J9 via termination-resistor ed out the two boards, you must wire
B lines in FIg. 6 . ICI8-a selects either R132 . them along with the switches, RCA
z input video or effects video (derived The unit requires ± S, and + 12- jacks , control potentiometers , and
a? externally from video I). ICI8 se lects volts DC. The ± S-volt supplies must power supply as shown in Fig . 10.
o either CHI or a DC level between be at lea st S.oO rnA . Two IC reg- There are a lot of connections to be
~ - O. S and + I.S volts from RllS used
UJ ulators, an LM780S lor + S and an made , so be patient , take your time ,
6 in a fadeout ; it is blanked during sync LM790S for - S, together with a 12- and do a careful job .
i5 interval s so as to not upset sync levels . volt AC tran sformer and bridge rec- Any suitable control-panel layout
~ Transistors QlOO-QI02 , DIOO, and tifier can be used . The + 12 volts for can be used . Just make sure that lead s
42
 - .- FROM ,---. + SV
Cl09 R143 Rl00 SS Rl44 FROM 59
.01 lOll 2.2K FROM 57( Rl21 R122
Ion
~:I- .... " M""'" + SV
-;::- Rl02 Cll0
lOOK lOOK
CHANN EL
SWITCHING

1s o l
":" CH I
tI~
SPLITTER IC17-a lOOK
R101
TO Cl o----r-~ o:CD=140~~--~.:;~~~~1 2.2K
12
11 7 ":"
2
10 9
Jl lsi.
l;
1
- I C113
v °~ 131 114 11 v
IV
lIS 31 ~ ~ 4
VI DEO 1 I I r T I
INPUT 10'16""" -lL '01 IN 16 IC18-a IC18-b IC18·c
FROM R136 II
EF-a
IS CD4053 v.. CD4053 IS CD40S3
IC2 lOOK Rl47
PIN 9 R133- lOll OUT
J2 8m - SV R148 C1l4 ~
SPLI T Ion .01 ~
VIDEO 1 "'= - SV R12S ____
OUT \9}--- - - -- - f --...J
FROM + SV FRO M S8 2K
J3 fADER R1 26
EFF 1 INlOT- - -- - -- - + - - - - ' S6
SPLIT 10K
VIDE O
R14S
SV Rl0S R120 -b R124
ONLY 10II lOOK - 2.2K J9
I -.............."Ir-- 2.2K VID EO
IC20·c
v.. CD4053 9 OUTPUT
R104
2.2K *0 14 ~~

IN + SV Cl04 R132
6811
·;G=-b 2- 18pF
~I'
OUT R1 27 Cl01 Ih...
lOll .01
Iq + SV R131
10K

Cl03 R129 R135

5pF 10K 100
... ::: Rl30
4.7K
6
IC22
lM318N
R1l2 + SV OUTPUT
2.2K AMP
Rl28
R114 1(10
2.2K
-w -w
r-----------------------------,
I E~ ~ff~
I
I _____- - - - - - + - - -- - + SV
I R139a·f
I 33011
I
R116 I . -......-----<J
~ OUT
10K I Ql04a·f

~
2 Q102 RIl8
0100
I
I
R138a·f
2.2K
2N3906
Rll7 2N3906 lN914B A I
2.2K I - SV
- NOT ON I
BOARD L--
22K ~
__._--_ - SV
~ L J

FIG. 6-THE VIDEO SWITCHING CIRCUITS. Each analog switch (a CD4053) has three
sections that can be switched at over a 1-MHz rate, controlled by a logic level at the input.
An "EF" followed by a letter represents an emitter follower circuit; one is shown in detail
inside the dashed lines.

are kept as short as possible and sepa- Checkout and alignment lowing checks, and we will go over
rated from eac h other to m inimize After the unit is all together, and the procedures for CHI only, but the
you've inspected the boards for sol- procedures are ident ical for CH I and o
crosstal k. The prototype that you see m
pictured in this article is mo unted in- dering defects, turn the unit on and CH2 . om
side a metal cabinet. Whil e a metal make sure that none of the IC's get Appl y a I-volt p-p negati ve-sync s:
OJ
cabinet is preferred for its shielding, NTSC video signal to 11, and verify m
hot. Then check all points for proper :D
any oth er kind will do, as long as voltages-+5, - 5 , and + 12 . You negative sync pulses at about 5-volts <0
CXl
everythin g fits inside. will need an osc illosc ope for the fol- p-p at ICI pin I. Adjust R6 so that IC2 <0

43
 Note: A kit cons isting of the two PC
~ + 12V boards, the pa rts that mount on
0301 C307 them, and the front- panel potentiom-

12:]11 T1
l N4007 10~F

- sv
eters is available from North Country
Radio, PO Box 53, Wykagyl Station,
New Rochelle, NY 10804, for $137.50.
The kit does not contain other parts
0302 C309
120V:24VCT lN4007 that mount off the board, such as the
lO~F
SOOmA
switches, RCA jacks , power supply
0303
lN4007 components, project case, etc. A set
- 5V
of two PC boards is available sepa-
C304 C311 rately for $27.50. Add $2.50 to either
2200~ F
+ + lO ~F order for postage and handling. New
2SV
York residents must include sales
'=" tax.
FIG. 7-THE SCENE SWITCHER REQUIRES ±5 AND + 12-VOLTS DC. The prototype's
power supply is shown here.

R48 R47 R46

IC4 PINS 9&10
WIPE (TO VIDEO SWITC HING BOARD ,
FADE PIN 15 OF IC17 AND IC19)
MANUAL
IC4 PIN 6 SlO
CONTROL 9-..
ITO VIDEO SWITCHING BOARD , 0 S~~~~T
S3 1'0 JUNCTIO N OF Rl09 AND R11 61 ,-------'- --o-.o-~
AUTO .
-'~--MANUAL'I~--j

Sl
HORI Z.
o PATTER N_ ..;....._ _.......:=~:;A--;,.-;.:l;'ll.

- 5V + 12V

FIG. 8-VIDEO-KEYING BOARD parts-placement diag ram . Solder the resistors and ca-
paci tors first, and t hen the IC's.

pin 6 (IC2-a) shows an 8-f.1s pulse and lC4 . Co nnect the sco pe to lC5 pin 13 the emitter of Q2 , and a 60-Hz ver-
adjust R8 so that pin 9 (IC2- b) shows and, using a non-m etallic tool , adjust tical sawtooth across C42 . Now check
a 53 us -pulse. Check for a 60-Hz C22 so tha t the pulses are sy n- the waveform at the wiper of R49 ; it
. m vertica l-sync pulse at le I pin 3 . Ad- chronized to the video signa l. Check should be a mixture of two of the four
o
z just RIOforO.5-0 .6-ms pulses at lC3-
oa: a pin 6, and adjust Rl 2 for a 16-m s
for 60-Hz pulses at lC5 pin 12. previou s waveforms, dep ending on
Connect the scope to lC8 pin 4 , and the settings of SI, S2, and R49.
I-
o pulse at lC3-b pin 9 . (Start out with
ill
adju st R35 for a 126-kHz sawtoot h Check for ± 2.5 volts at the wiper
-'
ill
R l2 at its minimu m-resis tance set- wave. Now connect the scope to lCll of R47 , and also for between + 4 and
o ting). Make sure that S10 (SYNC SE- pin 6, and adjust R57 for a 480-H z - 4 volts at lCI 2 pin 6. When you
o« LECTING) is in the CHI position, and sawtooth . Verify a 15.7-kHz horizon- activate S4 , the voltage should slowly
a: then check for sync pul ses at pin 6 of tal sawtoot h at the jun ction of R3 1and continued on page 54
44
 It's easy to build
a low-cost, professional-
type PC-board
etching system.
- - TONY-L:EWIS - - - - - - - - I

MAKING A PRINTED-CIRCUIT BOARD

by simply plunking the copper-
clad b oard into a bowl of
etchant is usually an irritat-
ing and time-consumi ng
project, even if you try to
speed things up by heat-
ing th e etchant in a
Pyrex bowl on the stove.
But build yourself a pro-
fessio na l-type etchi ng
system that has automat-
ic heater contro l and air-
burst agitation, and your
PC boards will be done
before you can figure out
how to drill or cut the
holes . Best of all, the
total cost will be about
half that of a comparably
equi p pe d comme rcia l
system.

System design
Etching a printed-cir-
cuit board is usually a
time-consuming task for
even the smallest of boards, because be removed frequently and turned typical board may take from 20 to 60
copper etchants require two things to over to monitor ·the etching process. minu tes, even if you con tinuously
work properl y: heat and agi tation. Also, the etch ant emits fumes when push the copper-clad board around the
Traditional methods of heating the so- heated; and although the fumes aren't bottom of the contai ner of ho t
lution include warmi ng its container dangero us, they really don't belong in etchant. Between the agitation and
on a hotplate or stovetop, immersion the kitchen . the heat, it's not a pleasa nt job.
in a hot-water bath, or even by placing Effective etching also requires agi-
the etchant in a microwave oven. Of tation , which is usually provided by Build a tank
course, due to the chemical action of constantly moving the container and To minimize the etching time,
the etching solution, only plastic or the board back and forth while they while also reducing your con - o
m
glass con tainer s are used-usually are being heated . Since the board is centration and effort, you should use o
m
large flat bowls with the copper board probably in the horizontal position , an etching system that incorporates its s::CD
dissolved copper is likely to pile up on own source of heat and agitation. Sys- m
immersed in the fluid. That is an ac- JJ
ceptable meth od for sing le -side d the board unless you are very enthusi - tems with heaters and air bubblers
boards, but double-sided boards must astic in your agitation. So etching a (for agitation) sell for about $60 and
45
 under $30, and you'll probably avoid
an oversized tank by designing the
system to fit your individual needs .
The major components of the PC-
board etching system are shown in
CARRIER Fig. 1. The individual bits and pieces
of plastic that are used to make the
tank are shown in Fig. 2. For best
control of the etchant's temperature,
the solution heater should have an ad-
justable thermostat. Although heaters
are available through mail -order
firms, they can also be purchased lo-
cally from stores that carry aquarium
supp lies . Whatever you use, make
certain that the heater has a device that
allows it to be clipped to the side of
the etchant tank.
Depending on the ini tial tem-
perature of the solution, a 100-watt
-- heater will raise the temperatureIOf'F -
in 30 to 45 minutes . If you purchase a
heater with a smaller capacity--one
with a lower wattage rating-the heat-
up time for the solution will be ex-
tended proportionally.
The air bubbler and its hose can
also be purchased either through the
mail or from local aquarium-supply
FIG. 1- THESE ARE THE MAIN COMPONENTS of our professional-type PC-board etc hing stores . The cost should be under $10.
system. The air bubbler, the hose, and the solution heater, are available at stores that sell The air bubbler should be sized for at
aquarium supplies.
least a I5-gallon aquarium: The larger
up. As an alternative, we'll show you uses Plexiglas to form both the etch- the flow capacity, the better the perfor-
how to design and build a profession- ing tank and the PC-board carrier. By mance. Make sure that you buy
al-type etching system , such as the constructing the entire system your- enough clear plastic air hose so that it
one shown in the photographs , that self, your total costs should come out will will fit inside the tank and also

ETCHING
TANK

111"

en
o
z
o
0::
bUJ 10.~
...J
UJ
a
is FIG. 2-THESE ARE THE INDIVIDUAL plastic components that are used to make the tank
<t:
0:: and the carrier.

46
FIG. 3-A SHEET OF PLEXIGLAS , a cutting tool, adhesive, and FIG. 4-DRAW YOUR TANK PIECES on a sheet of paper first.
some aquarium materials are all that's needed . Then transfer them to th e paper backing of the Plexig las.

FIG. 5-DON'T TRY TO CUT THE PLEXIGLAS with a saw. Instead, FIG. 6-POSITION THE SCORE LINE on the edge of a table, hold
use a straightedge to guide the scoring tool. the plastic firmly, and then snap the plastic in two.

allow the bubbler to be placed in a c1ude Plexiglas adhesive and a cutter. long metal straightedge , a carpenter's
convenient location . To build the tank you' ll also need a or Tee square to draw precise comers,
The Plexiglas used for the tank a table or a surface having a sharp
should be % r-5Ji6inch thick . Thinner edge, and possibl y some small C-
PC-BOARD MATERIALS
sheets tend to crack too easily, and clamp s . A variable-s peed drill , as-
thicker sheets are harder to work Active Electronics, PO Box 9100, sorted drill bits, and sandpaper or a
with. You'll need about three square Westboro, MA 01581 (800) file will also come in handy
feet of the Plexiglas, preferably in a 1 343-0874 Figure 3 shows the the tools and
X 3-foot sheet form. Always buy materials that you' ll need. The Plex-
more Plexiglas than required , to allow Datak Corporation, 3117 Paterson iglas is the " dark" sheet upon which
for practice and mistake s. Of course , Plank Rd., N. Bergen, NJ 07047 everything else is placed . It's dark be-
you'll want to use clear Plexiglas so (201) 863-7667. cause it's supplied with protective pa-
you'II get a good view of the PC board per stuck on both sides to make sure
Injectorall, 110 Keyland Court,
when it' s immersed in the etchant. If Bohemia, NY 11756(516) 563-3388 that the Pl ex igl a s doe sn 't get
you live in a metropolitan area, there's scratc hed during construction.
CJ
probably a local plastics dealer listed Kepro Circuit Systems, 630 Ax- m
in the phone book who can supply the The tank first o
minister Dr. , Fenton , MO m
Plexiglas . If not , mo st hardware 63026-2992 (800) 325-3878 The tank should be designed on s:
rn
stores carry Plexiglas--or can advise paper first, then cut and assemble the m
JJ
you where to get it. Radio Shack stores components from the Plexiglas sheet.
Other items that you ' ll need in- Don 't hesitate to stop and make a new
47
 part if you make an error while cutting cut the Plexiglas: a plastic knife get too much agitation in one section.
the components, because once Plex- (which is not made of plastic, but is
iglas is glued together it's glued for designed to cut plastic-available for Tank assembly
good. If you follow the procedures under $4), and a metal straight edge to Remove any ridges from the edges
outlined below, you should be able to guide the knife as it scores a groove. of the Plexiglas pieces before gluing
assemble a leak-tight working system Draw the knife along the line you them together. Although it is possible
in less than a weekend. marked on the paper in a smooth, to use epoxy or other adhesives to
If you use the Plexiglas component slow fashion, without pressing down hold the sections together, we recom-
sizes shown in Fig. 2, you'll end up too much. As a general rule, score the mend an adhesive that is specifically
with a 10 X 11 X 2-inch tank that sits Plexiglas a minimum of 36 times in intended for use on Plexiglas. The
on a 10 X 6-inch base, and a carrier one direction, then a minimum of 36 stuff is not really an adhesive as much
having an 8 X 2-inch base. The two times on the same line in the opposite as it is a solvent. Capillary action
small strips of Plexiglas on top of the direction. Before stopping, check the causes the adhesive to rapidly spread
carrier's base form a groove for the edges of the plastic on both ends; the between the two pieces of Plexiglas.
bottom of the PC board to rest in. groove should be about one-half the The adhesive slightly dissolves both
depth of the sheet of Plexiglas. pieces of Plexiglas, which then solid-
Working with Plexiglas Next, break the edge . As shown in ifies into a "weld." A small amount
Plexiglass isn't hard to work with Fig. 6, position the plastic with the of adhesive will go a long way, so
as long as you're aware of some of the scored line on the edge of a table. Use you'll need a convenient dispenser,
tricks of the trade . The first step, as one hand and a straightedge, or a sim- such as a syringe (hypodermic),
-s how n-i n-Fi g~4-;- is- Wcare ful l yme-a­ liar soliao15jecCfoholotfie plastic-\Vfiicnis availaolefrom orug stores for-
sure and mark your sheet of Plexiglas. down. Using your other hand, press about $1 each. The syringe allows
Since the Plexiglas comes with a peel- firmly down on the part to be broken precise dispensing of the amount and
off paper backing on both sides, sim- off. The Plexiglas will bend slightly, location of the adhesive. Once you
ply mark the cutting layout directly on then suddenly snap in two. Inspect the have the Plexiglas sections aligned,
the backing. Because you will be cut- edges. If they're not perfectly slowly inject the adhesive at the joint
ting out more than one section at a smooth, they can be sanded or filed without pushing the Plexiglas out of
time, a long straightedge, preferably down. Do not leave any ridges on the position. The adhesive will flow un-
metal, is necessary. Also, a car- edge, because they will cause prob- der the joint and begin to "melt" the
penter's square is invaluable for both lems when you're trying to seal the plastic slightly, which helps seal the
drawing the cutting lines and for mak- tank. two Plexiglas pieces together water-
ing perfectly square comers. Generally, sections longer than six tight-even if they have small imper-
Whenever possible, line up the sec- inches are hard to cut properly the first fections on the edges.
tions having common dimensions; for time when hand-holding the Plex- Note: Many states require a doc-
example, the left and right sides and iglas . Clamps and a straightedge, tor's prescription in order to pur-
the base should have a common rather than hand pressure, are better chase a syringe. If you live in one of
width. Don't forget to account for the forholding long pieces. those backward-thinking states,
thickness of the Plexiglas when deter- Drilling Plexiglas isn't difficult if purchase a syringe-type fine-oil dis-
mining the dimensions. Check and you use a variable-speed drill and a penser, which is really a syringe
double-check all the dimensions, and little patience. Mark the area where whose tip has been blunted . .
double-check the comers for squar- the hole is to be drilled, then drill a Figure 8 shows a square being
eness. Also check the precut edges pilot hole using a small-diameter bit. used to hold two sectioris of Plexiglas
and corners of the Plexiglas itself; Note that the faster you drill, the more perpendicular to each other while
don't assume that they're cut straight likely the Plexiglas will be to melt and being glued. Make sure that the two
and square at the factory. wrap itself around, and clog the drill sections are as square as possible, or
Before cutting the sheet of Plex- bit. After drilling the pilot hole, start you'll have trouble fitting the other
iglas, practice on an extra piece or two drilling slowly with a Y4-inch bit. sections later. After applying the ad-
just to get the hang of the special Don't press down too hard, or the hesive, press the two sections to-
cutting technique. Actually, the term plastic may crack. For best results, gether and hold them in position for a
"cutting" is a misnomer because you place the Plexiglas on a piece of soft minute or two. Then allow them to set
will score rather than cut the Plex- wood when drilling . up undisturbed for at least 15 minutes
iglas. If you try to cut the Plexiglas As shown in Fig. 7, straighten a or longer. When the adhesive dries
using a conventional saw you will length of the plastic air-bubbler hose completely, the joint will be as solid
quickly discover one of Plexiglas' an- and drill small-diameter (0.04- as the Plexiglas itself.
noying characteristics: it melts. If you 0 .06-inch) holes spaced about one Another reason to use Plexiglas ad-
try to cut or drill the plastic quickly it inch apart. Seal one end of the hose hesive is that it dries completely clear,
~ begins to melt locally in the area of with silicone or RTV sealant and al- which makes for a better appearance
z the blade or the drill bit, and will low it to dry overnight. To ensure that of the final product. Once you've ap-
~ quickly foul the saw or drill. By slow- the hose will bubble correctly, con- plied the adhesive to one side of the
o ly scoring the surface multiple times , nect it to the air bubbler and test the joint , go.back and apply it to the other
~ then breaking the Plexiglas on the hose underwater in a sink. Drill more side of the joint, and allow it to set up.
w
o score line, you can create a smooth holes if there are not enough bubbles, That will give the joint a better seal
Ci edge with very little effort. but keep the holes evenly spaced so and added strength.
-c
a: Figure 5 shows the tools needed to that the printed-circuit board will not Place one of the larger Plexiglas
~8
FIG. 7-STRAIGHTEN THE PLASTIC AIR HOSE and drill a series FIG. 8-SaUARE THE PLASTIC SECTIONS using a machinist's
of small hole s sp aced approximately one inch apart. square. Then , apply t he Plexiglas adh esive.

FIG. 9-THE HOLES DRILLED in the bottom of the carrier allow FIG. 1o-HANG THE HEATER f rom the side of the tan k, connect
the air bubbles to pass through to the printed-circuit board. the air bubbler, and check for an even bubble distribu tion.

sides on a flat surface . Using the pre- work. After drying, the interface each support for the air-bubbler tub-
vious procedures, position one of the should look clear, with a few minor ing . Temporarily set the supports in
sma ller sides so that it is perpen- bubbles. If a bubble appears to run the bottom of the tank (using tape to
dicular to the flat piece. Note and from one side to another, a second hold them in place) and position the
correct any ill-fitting edges, and also inject ion of adhesive may be neces- last side on top. Check to make sure
make certain that the two pieces are of sary. When you're satisfied with the that the last side will fit tightly with
the same height. When you are sure adhesive injectio n process on one side the base and the two smaller sides,
that the pieces have a good fit and are of the interface, repeat the process for and that the supports do not cause the
properly supported, slowly begin in- the other side. piece to bulge out. It's too late to
jecting the Plexiglas adhesive on the With one small side in place, repeat correct measuring errors after the sup-
inside interface of the two pieces. the proced ure for the other small side. ports are glued in place .
Note that the adhesive will probably Your tank should now have three When you're satisfied with the fit
move faster along the interface than sides, and be capab le of standing up- all around, glue the supports to the
you do. When all of the interface has right. Position the partially assembled base and to the side. (You will not be
been injected with adhesive , press tank over the center of the base sec- able to glue them to the last side that's
down lightly on the vertical piece for a tion. Once again, make sure there's a installed. )
o
minute or two while mainta ining its tight fit between the Plexiglas pieces Run the bubbler's hose through the m
o
perpendicular position . Release the before applying adhesive to both holes in the supports-try not to m
5:
pressure and recheck for proper posi- sides. Then install the two small sup- create kinks in the hose. Install the OJ
m
tion. The adhesive will set up in about ports in the bottom of the tank . But final side of the tank after the hose is :n
15 minutes, but allow at least 30 min- before installi ng the supports, dri ll properly installed and all the other ~

CD
OJ
utes before attempting any more two evenly spaced Y4-inch holes in joints are sea led from both sides. CD

49
 With the tank in a vertical position, Custom size the etching time with the bubbler off
first inject the adhesive to the inter- The main advantage to building was 16 minutes; 9 minutes with the
face at the base and press down lightly your own etching system is that you bubbler on. For ammonium persul-
while holding the sides together. can customize the tank to your needs; fate, the etching time was 19 minutes
Then, place the tank on its side and it should be customized for your an- with the bubbler off; 11 minutes with
apply adhesive to the two side inter- ticipated PC-board sizes . There is no the bubbler on. (Etching times will
faces. To ensure a good seal , place a need to oversize the tank because that vary, depending upon the board pat-
heavy object (abo tit five pounds) on wastes etchant and takes longer to tern, the number of times the etchant
top to apply even pressure. heat up. If your boards are usually was reused, etc.) Also, monitoring
wide and short, or you don't need a the etching process in the tank was
Checkout tall tank, it is possible to redesign the easier using the ammonium persulfate
The tank is no good if it can't hold tank so that the heater is inserted hori- solution, because it is clear.
the etching solution, so check"it out zontally near the bottom of the tank, Note that our test etching times are
thoroughly. After the tank has had a above the bubbler hose. An ordinary considerably faster than when agitat-
chance to set up overnight, place it in hole saw from the hardware store will ing a Pyrex dish over a heater or the
a sink and slowly fill it with hot water do the trick . In that case, one of the" stove. Often, the bubbler results in a
while watching for leaks. If leaks do supports will need a corresponding 40% reduction in etching time com -
occur, drain and dry the tank and reap- hole drilled to accommodate the heat- pared to simple hand agitation. Also,
ply Plexiglas adhesive in the areas of er. However, a horizontal heater as- keep in mind that the faster a board is
the leaks . If necessary, a small sembly is really not advised unless etched, the less likely the chance that
amount of adhesive can be poured absolutely required because the area the etchant will attack the sensitizer
along the inside corners to enhance around the heater/side joint might be and undercut edges of the traces, thus
sealing from the inside. If you dis- prone to leaks. ruining the board.
cover that you have a gap between two If you'd .like to use persulfate as an
Plexiglas pieces that the adhesive will Using the system etchant, it is available from Kepro Cir-
not seal, then epoxy or contact ce- Two types of etchants are available cuit Systems, and Active Electronics.
ment may have to be applied from the for hobbyist and technician use: ferric Other major mail-order firms such as
outside to stop the leak. Do not use chloride, and sodium or ammonium Datak, carry powdered ferric chloride
silicone or RTV sealer, because they persulfate . Ferric chloride is gener- and others carry ferric-chloride solu-
may weaken or leak after repeated ex- ally available and is economical to tions.
posure to the hot etchant. use. However, it should be used only Those of you who choose to work
Another possible way to solve the in a well-ventilated room, and it can with ferric chloride will want a way to
leaks that the less-than -perfect crafts- stain badly-which can be a problem get rid of the spent etching solution.
man is bound to get is to mix some if the etching tank is upset. The per- The best way is to mix it with a solu-
DATAKOAT liquid, or other 100% sulphates come in crystal form and tion of lye (sodium hydroxide). The
acrylic coating, with some solvent- have several advantages over ferric copper and iron will precipitate . The
type acrylic adhesive . The resulting chloride in that they will not attack remaining solution is salt water and
material should seal even relatively stainless steel, they are totally inef- excess lye. Pour the salt water down
large leaks. fective when cold, solutions are clear the drain. Let the copper and iron
The printed-circuit board carrier, when first used, and they give an in- hydroxide dry out, and then dispose
shown in Fig. 9, is easier and less dication of their copper absorption by of with your tin cans, etc.
critical to make than the tank. Cut the turning blue. Like ferric chloride, the Our etching system should give
base, the two top pieces, and the han- more the persiilfate solution is reused, years of trouble-free service, while
dle. To ensure that the carrier will the slower the etching process will saving you many hours of time spent
move in and out of the tank without become. in etching PC boards. If you want
hitting the walls, the width of the car- Another important advantage of additional information on making PC
rier's base is slightly less than the persulfates is that they are not as ag- boards, see the following articles that
width of the two small sides . As gressive as ferric chloride in the etch- have appeared in Radio-Electronics:
shown, glue the two top strips over the ing process, and will not undercut the "Making Your Own PC Boards"
center of the base so that they provide PC-board's traces. That is especially (Feb. 1988); "Designing Double-
"a groove to hold the bottom of the important if you work with printed - Sided PC Boards" (Sep.-Oct. 1985);
circuit board as it rests in the tank . circuit board patterns having line "Etch Your Own PC Boards" (Dec .
Carefully drill a series of evenly widths of 0.032-inch or smaller, such 1982, Feb . 1983). Also, Bob
spaced Y4-inch holes in the base as- as computer-memory boards. Grossblatt has been covering PC-
sembly. Then, glue the handle on top. (Nothing is quite as frustrating as hav- board design and production in his
Finally, as shown in Fig. 10, install ing the etchant disso lve some lines on " Drawing Board" column since Au-
~ the solution heater and bubbler to test one side of a board while you were gust of this year, and Don Lancaster's
z your system. The carrier should be examining the other side.) "Hardware Hacker " column in this
a? able to move in and out of the tank For comparison purposes, four 2 x issue looks at a novel approach to PC
o without hitting the air hose or the 4-inch single-sided boards having board design . Now you have no ex-
~ heater. With the carrier in place, and identical patterns were etched in heat- cuse for not putting the PC Service
ow the bubbler running , the bubbles ed ferric chloride and ammonium per- pages to work, or building that design
o should be evenly distributed along the sulfate, both with and without the you've been working on and meaning
~ base of the tank . bubbler running . For ferric chloride, to prototype! R-E

50
 ic IfOLIDAY
GIFT GUIDE
ELECTRON ICS HAS CERTAINLY CHANGED T HE WAY WE LIVE . IF
nothin g else, it has made the holiday shopping seaso n a
little easie r to deal with! The array of consumer products is
so great, that you are sure to find something for everyone.
We've compiled a subjective list of what we would buy
for our families---or ourselves- from the pleth ora of prod-
ucts available in the consumer-electronic s market. We
looked at video and audio product s, computer-related
products, and electronics for people who take their elec -
tronic s seriously. We didn't pick products for their price ,
nor did we pick them becau se they were the " best." We
picked the products because we felt they offered something
unique, something fun, or something innovative.
We don 't pretend that our list is comprehensive-we' re
sure that we've neglected to mention some of the produc ts
that deserve recognition . Despite that , we hop e that this
guide proves helpful by, at the very least, giving you some
new ideas.

Video products

• Integrated Video System

For those on an unlimited budge t, we' d like to sugges t
the Bang & Olufsen Video System 5000, an integrated
video system that is capable of multiroom operation. It can
be team ed with any Bang & Olu fsen audio sys tem to form
an interactive audio /video sys tem in anywhere from one to
sixteen rooms . The Video System 5000 integrates a 26-
inch TV monitor and a Super-VHS digital VCR with a
motori zed , remote-controlled stand and an audio/ video
remote control. As you might expect, the Video System
5000 doesn't come cheap . But if you 're contemplating
installin g a throu gh-the-house AN system , that probably
doesn 't matter much. The entire system, including the
motori zed sta nd retail s for $4290 .

• LCD projection TV
For those more concerned about picture size than high-
tech convenience, Sharp's LCD projection syste m is the
answer. It' s quite a cha nge from traditi onal projection sets.
First ofall, it's portable . The projector weig hs about 30
pound s, and projec ts a bright , clear picture on either a wall
or scree n. The unit's magn ification can be varied , produ c-
ing a picture from 25 to 100 inches (meas ured diagonally).
The key to the system's size and performance are three
small LCD panels inside the unit. The 3-inch twin TFT
(Thin F ilm Tansistor) panels form the red, green, and blue
components of the video picture. The projector does not
require any converge nce adj ustme nt, and it features two
video inputs and and Super-VHS com patibility. The price
for this first-of-its kind TV is $6500. o
m
(J
m
~
IJJ
m
::IJ
CD
co
CD

51
 • Self-Powered Subwoofer
Perhaps you already have a big-screen TV but you don't feel
that you're getting the big-screen feeling. Maybe you've even
tried surround sound and still don't feel that you've been
successful in creating the home theater experience . Don't give
up yet. Audiophiles and videophiles have created a demand for
accurate low-frequency sound reproduction. Pioneer Elec-
tronics has answered the demand with their S- WlOOO switcha-
ble, self-powered subwoofer and center-channel speaker
system. The S-WlOOO subwoofer system features a magnet-
ically shielded design and low-distortion 12-inch wooofer
powered by a built-in switchable power amplifier. An extra
amplifier is provided for center-channel Dolby Pro-Logic Sur-
round Sound applications . Switchable roll-off frequency .set-
tings of 50, 90, or 140 Hz are available. The subwoofer system
is available at a suggested retail price of $500.

• Talking Remote Control

While we hope that no one reading this magazine has trouble
programming his VCR, we're sure you've heard family mem-
bers muttering under their breath as they go through the some -
times frustrating procedure. Until now, you've probably never
heard your VCR talk back. But the Optonica Voice Coach
remote control from Sharp will vocally guide users through the
proper programming procedure. The Voice Coach comes
with the Super-VHS VC-G990U VCR. Full remote opera-
tion is featured, including remote eject. The VC-
G990U, with the Voice Coach, is available for
$999.95.

• Videotape Editor
As camcorder sales have skyrocketed over the
last couple of years, the need for an easy-to-use
editing system has become evident. DirectED
Plus, from Videonics, combines the functions of a
video editor, titler, special-effects generator, and video
librarian. DirectED works with just about any VCR that uses
an infrared remote control. Both a recording and a playback
VCR are required to assemble your finished video production.
DirectED Plus sells for $549.95. For professional video pro-
ducers, ProED, a computerized multifunction edit controller is
available for less than $1000.

• VCR Survival Kit

VCR maintenance is simple. Simply keep it clean. Unfor-
tunately, not many people follow even that simple advice . You
can help them along with the GE Survival Kit.
The kit includes a head cleaner, a dust cover, and a
GE T-120 video tape. While we generally don't
recommend head cleaners for VCR's, giving
someone this kit might do the favor of stressing
the importance of cleanliness for long VCR life.
The GE Survival Kit retails for $19.95.

Audio products

• 10th Anniversary Walkman

The last ten years have seen a lot of
changes in audio. Most people would
point to the CD player as the most impor-
tant development of the decade. But we
think that the Sony Walkman has done
more to bring an appreciation of good
52
 d aserGO, Inc

• Hi-Fi Phono Plugs

If you're looking for some "stock-
ing stuffers" for the audiophile in
seat, filters the sound , and converts it your family, you might consider Pro-
to electronic signals. The signals are Fi connectors from Neutrick. These
amplified by a stereo amplifier and connectors incorporate a special re- r;~~~
output to stereo headphones. When tracting ground shell . Thus, the
you can't find any of the airline's mu- ground makes contact first, and
sic that suits your tastes, you can al- breaks contact last, ensuring a noise-
ways plug Jetman's earphones into the free connection of equipment.
Walkman that you brought on board. Grounding noise is not only annoy-
Jetman sells for $34.95 ing, of course, but can also cause
speaker damage if the amplifier is op-
• Big Sound, Small Speakers erating while the connections are
The major change in home-stereo being made. The connectors range in
systems over the last decade is that price from $17.14 to $24.96, depend-
they've gotten smaller and less ing on finish .
obtrusive. That's to be expected with
I the electronics portion, but getting computer Products

J
big sound from small speakers always
proved to be a problem. The Bose • Palm-top Computer
Acoustimass 3, however, seems to It's finally happened: You can buy a
have solved the problem . Acous- PC-compatible computer that fits in
timass technology, developed by Dr. your shirt pocket. The Atari Portfolio,
Amar Bose, uses two moving air which the company calls a "palm-
masses (acoustic masses) rather than top" computer, weighs one pound
a moving driver cone to launch low- and is smaller than a VHS video cas-
frequency sound energy into the sette. The keyboard is too small to
room. The Acoustimass module can touch type on, but it's arranged in a
be hidden anywhere in a room, even standard QWERTY format for quick
under furniture. Two curved wedge- data entry. The Portfolio comes with
audio to the masses than anything shape enclosures , measuring 128K of RAM standard, and plug-in
else. In honor of the tenth anniversary 3Y2 X 4Y2 X 4Y2 inches, complete the solid-state RAM cards can add up to
of the introduction of the Walkman, loudspeaker system, which sells for 128K of memory. The screen is a 40-
Sony has introduced a special edition $599. line by 8-line liquid-crystal display. A
AM/FM stereo Cassette player, the wide variety of add-ons are expected
WM-F701C. It features digital syn- • Amplified AM/FM Antenna soon, including a parallel interface
thesized tuning , 14 station presets, re- When most people think of stereo that will allow for connection to full-
mote control, and auto reverse. It all components, antennas usually don 't sized PC's . A Lotus 1-2-3 work-alike
fits in a cassette case-sized package enter into things. That may change spreadsheet is built in, as are standard
and carries a price that only a Walk- with the Parsec ARC , or Amplified pocket-computer functions such as an
man fanatic could love: $379.95. Receiving Component. The ARC is address book, appointment calendar,
contains an amplified, directional editor, and more. This may be the first
• Airplane Headphone. AM antenna and omnidirectional FM pocket computer that really makes
The Walkman introduced a whole antenna . The amplifier uses sense. It sells for $399.95.
segment of society to good stereo GaAsFET circuitry for low-noise, hi-
sound. Of course, in doing so, it gain operation. The FM section pro- • Tower Computer Case
made people realize how bad some of vides a gain of better than 30 dB, AM While small computers make some
their audio sources were. Take air- better than 15 dB. Both AM and FM people happy, others are always look-
plane headphones as an example. sections are tunable for optimum per- ing for more room . For example,
They're uncomfortable to begin with , formance , and the gain is adjustable. we're always playing around with
and sound awful, too. Air travelers Since most receiver manufacturers some new card, and always running o
m
will be happy to discover Jetman, a pay little attention to the AM sections out of slots or drive bays. We think o
m
small audio amplifier with ear-bud of their receivers, an antenna that of- we've finally found a case for our s:
OJ
style mini stereo headphones. A small fers a way to improve AM reception is computer that will help: Jameco Elec- m
JJ
microphone module plugs into the a welcome sight . The suggested retail tronics' JE201O. It not only accepts all
headphone jack of a typical airline price of the ARC is $149.95. continued on page 78
53
 SCENE SWITCHER Using the switcher swaps CH I and CH2 , reversing the
continued from page 44 Sw itches S5-S9 determ ine exactly connec tions to each side of the fader
what signal is applied to eac h side of control. If the fader control is set at
the fader control. For example; sup- one extreme , and CH I is coming
change, and R42 should vary the rate pose a fade to black is desired. In that through, then moving S9 to the "re-
of change. Set R45 at the center of its case , FADE SELECT (S7) would be set so verse" positio n instantly routes CH2
range, and set S3 to man ual. that CHI video passes directl y to one into the output amplifier.
Place the scope at the collector of side of FADER CO NTROL (R I25) . S8 In the "keyed" positions, S5-S9
Q5; you shou ld see the keying wave- would be placed in the fixed position , apply a waveform to elec tro nically
form . The waveform will disappear if which applies a fixed DC level (set via switch the video for wipes, transi-
you rotate R49 to its extremes, and the FADE LEVEL CONTROL) to the op- tions, and fades. Sw itches SI and S2,
you will see either 0 or + 5 volts at posite side of the FADER CONTRO L. By in combination with R49 determ ine
either extreme . rotating the FADER CONTROL , a mix of the particul ar pattern . Switch S3 se-
Place S5-S9 in the "norm al" posi- CHI video and the DC fade level is lects the manual fade/key mode where
tion ; you should get video at 19 that sent to the output amplifier, and man- R47 manuall y controls the effect, or
,...---- - . -- - -.......- -- - -_ - -- - --QK EYING
S6 LINE
(FROM KEYING
BOARD , JUNCTI ON
OF 05 AND R54)

FADER
R1 25

~~l\~,,~IW:~~ FROM PIN 9. IC17 & ICI9

(TO KEYING BOARD,
IC4 PINS 10 & 11 1

J7
~--5_+--+--+-----_{()) SYNC1
OUT

::I:"~H-+-t--_.--=--_{()) CH2
INPUT
"''----;o-;- - +---:::c-=- --'

~\
I ~l~~~~~tt=t-----=---o IC16
TO
PIN9

CH2
CH2 J6 FROM
(6) JlO SPLIT
EFFECTS
~ SPARE
- 5V IC4 PIN6
VIDEO
IN (KEYING BOARDI
"=" OUT
FIG. 9---VIDEO-SWITCHING BOARD parts-placement diagram. Check your work as you
go along, to lessen the likelihood of any problems.
(J)
g
6 you can check with a mon itor. Adjust ual fading is performed . the auto-key mode where the ramp
a: ClO4 for optimum sharpness. Adjust If a fade from CH I to CH2 is desir- generator produces the effect; S4 ini-
f-
olJ.J ClO7 for correc t burst phase , as indi- ed, both CHI and CH2 fade selectors tiates the transition or effect , but has
u:J cated by proper flesh tones on a video must be placed in the norm al posi- no effect in the manual position of S3 .
6 image. Place S8 in the " fixed" posi-. tion . If a fade from CH 2 to CHI is Switches S5 and S6 select the effec ts
~ tion , and vary RI25 . You should be desired , S7 and S8 must be placed in channel or other video inputs that are
a: able to fade to a level set by RII5. the fixed and norm al position. S9 synchronized to CH I or CH2 . R-E

54
 An in-depth look at a particularly versatile CMOS IC, the
CMOS 4046 micropower CMOS phase-locked loop.

PLL'S 40468
1 PHASE PULSES Voo 16 Voo
R.M. MARSTON
I--
2 PC10UT
PCl
ZENER 15
~
T HE 4046[3 M IC RO-POWER PHA SE-LOCKED
L oop (PLL) is o ne of the most ver-
satile of all CMOS IC's . PLL's can be
used in freguency synthes is, track ing ,
multipli cation. and co he rent co m-
3 14
COMP IN
PC2 r- <h SIGNAL IN 14

mun ication sy ste ms . Altho ug h the

PLL concept ha s been aro und for PC2
4 VCO OUT OUT 13
so me ti me usin g d isc re te co mpo-
nents , the IC was needed to make the Voo
idea practical .
The 40468 also has a numb er of 5 INHIBIT SOURCE R2 12 R2
•1 I

FOLLOWER l-
useful, independently accessi ble e le-
ments, very similar to the layout of the
.... i I
vco t
555 IC t im e r. It s YC O (Vo l t- Vss
6 C1-A R1 11 R1
age -Co ntro lled Oscillator) is the most Vss
ver sat ile an d cost-effective ver sio n
ava ila b le, produ cin g a sym metr ic :::,C1
DEMOD
square wave with an upper frequency 7 C1-B OUT 10
limit over 1 MH z, and capable of
bein g sca nned over a 1,000 ,000:1 fre-
quency range . It ca n be gated on and
D1
5V I
"'' l
off via an INHIBIT termin al , and pro- Vss 8 Vss I VCO IN 9
du ces a biph ase output wh en used
with one of the two intern al Phase
Comparators (PC's). Several practical FIG. 1-INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM of the 4046B micro-power CMOS PLL.
appli cations will be covered later.
pin 9 , the cap acit or between pins
4046B basics and 7 (50 pF minimum), and RI and
Figure I shows the intern al block R2 . Also , R2 presets the minimum
diagram and pin out s of the 4046B, operating frequ en cy, and can be elim-
with two d ifferent PC's, a Ze ner di- inat ed in man y app licatio ns . T he
ode , and the YC O. PCI is a simp le sy m me tr ic sq ua re- wave veo OUT
XOR ga te with goo d noise reject ion , appears on pin 4 .
but needs square waves on pin s 3 and The veo IN , pin 9, has almos t infi-
14, and has only a nan-ow capture- nite input impedance , and is driven
freq ue ncy ra nge (spa n). PC2 is an from a high-imped ance source . The
edg e-triggered logic/bi stable memory so ur ce foll ower ca n be ex te rna lly
version with a tristate outp ut , can be mo nitored on pin 10 without loadin g OW.PASS
dr iven by gross ly asymme tric wave- that source . The INHIBIT term inal , pin FILTER
}
forms on pins 3 and 14, and has very 5, is norm all y tied to Y5 5' enab ling
wide span but somewhat poor no ise bot h the YCO and source follower ;
rejection . The reaso n is that an XOR both are di sabl ed w he n pin 5 is FIG. 2-BASIC PLL, WITH DIVIDE-BY·N
gro unded . The S-volt Ze ner provides
o
gate, bei ng level-triggered , must have COUNTER for frequency synthesis. For m
a lower frequency response than the supply regulation if needed . N = 1 no frequency multip lication occurs,
o
m
edge -trigge red/bistable versio n . and the action is just that of a PLL. :s:
IJl
m
TIle YCO is wide- range, with a PLL basics :IJ
maximum operatin g frequenc y over I Figure 2 shows the basic 4046B qu en cy multiplier/synthesi z er ca- (0
CD
MH z determined by the voltage on PLL co nfig uratio n , includin g fre - pability. Each PC has two input s, INl (0

55
 of a PLL alo ne . Th e output is directl y
+9V
prop ort ion al to the phase differen ce
bet ween INI and IN2, smoothed via the GATE
INPUT

3
Low- Pass F ilter (LPF), and fed to IN2.
If the YCO freq uenc y is less than
R3
100K
3
n-
, I

40468 4
that of IN I, th e PC output goes
positi ve , and the resulting filte red
FREQ
.hnnL
veo
vol tag e increase s the YCO frequency R1 OUT
until it track s INI in frequen cy and 100K
R1
10K ph ase . If the YCO frequency is great-
. ----Y\flr-.....-'
er than that of the extern al input, the .J:..
___--Y\flr-_---~
PC o u tp ut de cre ase s, caus ing the
FIG. 3-SIMPLE VARIABLE-FREQUENCY YCO output to ph ase-lock to IN!.
(200 Hz-2 kHz) square-wave generator. Th at m ay not seem immedi at el y
useful . However, the YCO ge nerates a FIG. 7-GATED WIDE-RANGE VCO, using
clean , sy mme tric output waveform, either S1 or an external inverter.
01 +9V R2 C1 even if the external input waveform is
1N4148 10MEG .01J.lF noisy and asymmetric . Also , bec ause qu ency can be synthe sized with equal
the LPF ha s a finite time constant , the preci sion using the appropriate N val-
YCO tracks the mean phase and fre- ue . Some pr acti cal versions will be
3
R3 veo qu en cy of a rapidly-varying external exa mined later.
100K 4 OUT input. A PLL can track and clean up
FREQ s low ly-vary ing ex te rnal inp uts, or veo circuits
track the ce nte r frequency of an FM Figure 3 shows the sim ples t way to
signal and provid e a demodulated sig- use th e 4046 B YCO . Th e vo ltage-
nal at the PC o utput. co ntro l input (pin 9) is tied perma-
The YCO frequency adjusts so that nen tly high and the circuit acts as a
FIG. 4-WIDE-RANGE VCO, fully variable the divider output frequency matches basi c sq u are -wave oscill at or, w it h
from 0 Hz-1 .4 kHz. that of the exte rn a l input, and the variable frequency over a 10:1 ran ge
YCO frequency equals N x fIN' If the via R2 . The YCO output (pin 4) is tied
external input comes from a preci sion to the PC input (pin 3); if pin 3 is
+9V C1 so ur ce (a crys ta l) , signa ls of any fre- allowe d to float , the PC 's reson ate at
.01J.lF

16
+ 'iN
VCO r- O=.;N::...o D-"S"-1_ _ -+--------~...--__(==::F__,
4 OUT
R1 (SHORTED FOR SLOW RISE
47K TIME AND CONVENTIONAL
11 SIREN.)
R1
100K , 01 9
~ 1~~14!1
I

R2~ R3 + C1
FIG. 5-RESTRICTED-RANGE VCO, varia- 47K ~ 10MEG 10j.lF
ble from 60 Hz-1.4 kHz via R2.
L-L -(OPENFORSi...
OW---<R.... ':"-
IS-ETI-'-E-.........
-M - - - -- - -+ - - -- - - '
AND CONVENTIONAL SIREN.)
+ 'iN FIG. 8-AN ELECTRONIC SIREN. For normal wailing tone, short D1and open R2. For fast
rise and slow fall in frequency, include D1 and R2.
OUT
16~..:..l..-'::..L......:...J'-,
r 2 2
R2 9 + 9V
100K 40468
FREQ
L S1 R6 SPKR
r"ARE 10MEG 80
R9
62n

en
Q FIG. 6-A BIPHASE WIDE-RANGE VCO.
z V1
o
a: V1
I-

~
oW being fed usin g an ex ternal input , and MSEC. R5 RS
--l IN2 by the YCO output throu gh the 1MEG 12K
W
di vide-by-N counter. Of co urse , if +
o -J 1--70 MSEC.
o-c N = I then no frequency multiplica-
a: tion occurs , and the act ion is just that FIG. 9-PHASOR-SOUND GENERATOR CIRCUIT.

56
abo ut 20 MHz and superimpose a sig-
nal on the top part of the YCO output R2
waveform . 47K
Figure 4 shows how to use the
C1 Rl 7
4046B YCO in wide -range mode . A~~IO .2211F 3
47K R4 FM
Here , RI-Cl determines the max -
~ 6
lMEG
9 40468 4 OUT
imum frequency obtained , and R2
contro ls the actual frequency via pin 8 11
9. The frequency falls to a few cycles C2 R3 R6
.2211F 47K
per minute with pin 9 grounded. The 12K
effective control range of pin 9 varies
from roughly I volt above ground to I
FIG. 1D-FM GENERATOR using a 40468 and a 3140 op-arnp, at 220 kHz.
volt below Y DD ' Also, R2 has a dead
range (hysteresis) of several hundred
mY at either end of its span, elimi- C2
R1 ~ Sl
SPIN .0111F
nated by 01 and 02 . The minimum 5.6K
02 0 R9 7
operating frequency is reduced to zero 1N4148 10MEG 3
by R2 on pin 12, in which case the 40468
4 OUT
YCO output randomly sett les in ei- 01
ther logic state. .. > 1N4148
R2 R5 11 5 8 R10
8200
Figure 5 shows a restricted-range 3.3K C1 47K
+
YCO; R2 going to ground determines lOIlF "SOUNO"OUTPUT
the minimum operating frequency. R4 R8 TO CRYSTAL
R6
1MEG 1MEG OR CERAMIC
Here, f M IN\ is determined by R2-Cl, 47K
TRANSDUCER
and f M A X i:l-y CI and RI-R2 in paral-
lel. By suitab le selectio n of RI and FIG. 11-RUN·DOWN CLOCK/SOUND GENERATOR, for use in dice or roulette games,
R2, the rest ricted-range YCO can where the output always settles in logic-O.
span any range from 1:1to near-infini-
ty. The YCO can generate 180 degree
out-of-phase square waves by con - st RANGES (NOMINAL)
necting the YCO output to the PCI 1=0.5Hz - 50Hz
input, taking the external input (pin 2=50Hz - 5kHz
14) hig h, and taki ng the ant i-phase 3=5kHz - 500kHz
output from pin 2, as in Fig. 6.
The 4046B YCO can be disabled +9V
by taking INHIBIT (pin 5) high . That
lets the YCO be gated on and off D1 OUT
7 2
externally. Figure 7 shows how the 1N4148
YCO can be either manually gated via 9
1..f1.JU"
1 ' 1 I "
1/ 4 40468 I I I I I I

pushbutton on pin 5, or by an external 40938 14 R2 .rtrirt,

inverter from a 40 IIB NAND gate. . 47K
5 OUT
1
GATE C1
Sirens and sound-effe ct s INPUT .111F
Figure 8 shows the 4046B YCO in
a siren circuit. For a conventional 02 R3
wailing tone , short 01 and leave out 1N4148 47K
R2 . When 51 is closed, C I charges
exponentially via RI, and the YCO FREE·RUN
'="
frequency rises from zero to a max- 0
S2
imum value . When 51 is opened , CI GATE
discharges via R2 and the operating
frequency decays to zero . The YCO FIG. 12-UNIVERSAL CLOCK/SQUARE-WAVE GENERATOR over 0.5 Hz-500 kHz.
output is AC-coupled to the speaker
via C4 and QI. For a " quick-start " producing a high tone that decays fair- YCO input on pin 9 of the 4046B is an
tone, leave 01 unshorted, and include ly slowly as C2 disc harges via R5; the amplified versio n ( x 20) of the audio
R2 . In that case, C I charges rapid ly to process repeated on the arrival of eac h input, that modulates the YCO fre-
Y2-YD D via RI-R2 and Dl when 51 pulse. quency.
closes , and discharges via R3 when Figure II shows a "run -down" o
51 is opened. Miscellaneous veo circuits clock generator used in dice and rou- ~
Figure 9 shows a "phasor" sound Figure 10 shows a 220-kHz FM lette games . When 5 1 is pressed, C I m
generator. The 40llB astable is gated generator. The internal Zener on pin charges via 0 2, while Q I is biased on ~
m
by 51 to produce 4-millisecond pulses 15 of the 4046B provides a stable sup - via 03-R5 and effectively connects JJ
at 70- mill iseco nd inte rvals . Each ply to the 3140 op-amp, biased at R7 between pin II and ground . The iO
pulse rapidly charges C2 via R3-02 , about 2 volts via R2-R3; the 2-volt YCO operates in the tens of kHz , ~
57
 C I slowly discharges via R4 , and the
YCO freque ncy slowly decays to zero
in abo ut 15 seconds .
Figure 12 shows a simple but very
useful 40468 YCO " universal"
clock or sq uare -wave generator, span -
ning 0.5 Hz-50 kHz in three switch-
se lected bands . A biphase output is
provided , along with either free-run-
ning or gated modes .
Figure 13 shows a PLL wide-range
sig nal tracker combined with a "lock
detector" in a precision narrow-band
tone switch. The signal tracker cap-
tures and tracks any input within the
approx ima te spa n 100 Hz- 100 kHz,
provided the input on pin 14 switc hes
full y bet ween logic- O and logic-I.
The circ uit uses PC2, and can lock to
any sig nal wit hin the YCO span due
to the wide range it provides .
FIG. 13-PRECISION NARROW-BAND TONE SWITCH (about 1.8-2.2 kHz) composed of a Filter R3-R 4-C2 is a sample-and -
4046B wide-range PLL signal tracker and lock detector us ing two 4001B NOR gates, hold that determin es signal capture,
showing waveforms obtained with the loop locked. settling, and tracking times . The max-
imum YCO freq uency is determined
+ 9V by RI X C I, th e min i m um by
Rl R2 + (R I + R2) x C I, and the pin-9 voltage
l MEG l OOK Cl for both . The YCO span, capture, and
2.2J.lF
9
tracking ranges go from the YCO fre-
13 ';:" 16
fIN 14 quency with pin 9 gro unded , to the
(1-1 50Hz) 4 maximu m value with pin 9 at Y DD' In
3 4046B
the lock detector, eac h PC output is a
11 6 8 series of pul ses with widths propor-
R3 tional to the phase differe nce betwee n
C2 the two PC inpu ts. The PCI output is
68K
.OlJ.lF
low and the PC2 ou tput is high , ex-
A ';:" '=' B
+ 9V(REG) cep t for those pul ses .
TOA TOB When the PLL is locked, the two
16 PC outputs are almost perfec t mirror
images , and the output of ICl-a re-
14 fOUT mains low, drivi ng the output ofICI-b
4518B
=f"jl<100 high and lighting LED I. If the loop
15 isn't locked , the output of ICl -a is a
series of posit ive-go ing pu lses th at
'='
TOA rapidly charge C I via D! -R6 , forcing
+ 9V TOB
the o utput of IC I-b low, keeping
16
LED! off.
14
fOUT Figure 14 shows a 40468 with ei-
15 8 1-9kHz
4017B ther a 45 188 dual synchronous upl
13 down co unter in a X 100 freq uency
2 4 6 9 11 prescaler, or a 40 178 decade counter
';:" as a X 1- X 9 freq uency multiplier, de-
pending on which counter IC is con -
ne ct e d betwee n A an d 8. The
x8
prescaler can upcon vert I- ISO Hz in
xl x9 to ISO Hz- IS kHz out; the 45188 con-
en tains a pair of decade counters confi g-
o
Z FIG. 14-A 4046B PLL USED WITH EITHER a 4518B dual synchronous up counter as a u r e d as a divide - by - l00 . T he
oa: x 100 low-frequency pre-scaler, or a 4017B dec ade counter as a simple x 1- x 9 frequency frequency multip lier ge nerates an out-
I- synthesizer p ut, th e freq ue ncy of w hich is
oW
-l X 1- X 9 that of the input. The 40178
W
6 generating clock pu lses until SI is re- wh ile C l rapidly discharges to Y2- is rep lacea ble by a string of program-
o leased . At that point, Ql turns off and Y D D via RI-R2 -R3- D!, making the mab le decade co unters to give a wider
<
a: the YCO timi ng is governed by R8, YCO operate at abou t 100 Hz. Next , 10 Hz- l MH z range . R-E

58
 ,.7;7-,

Understanding Relays, Part II: Solid-state versions

HARRY L. TRIETLEY

LAST MON TH , WE EXAMINED ELEC- transistor, Zener tran sient suppres - placed by a constant-current diode .
tromechanical relays in depth . This sion, and reverse-b iased inductive Then , AC input circuits rectify and
month , we'll examine solid-state ver- load diode for DC output. Figures l-b filter the contro l input before applying
sions, including how to build your and l-d use a zero voltage switch, an it to the LED . Typical ACiDC LED
own. Like the electromechanical vari- RC snubber filter, and a triac for AC curre nts are 5-20 rnA.
ety, so lid-state relays use low-level output.
signals to switch isolated loads. How- Virtually all solid-state relays are AC and DC outputs
ever, instead of mechanical contacts, Single-P ole Single- Throw, Normally The optoisol ator photo current is
solid-state models use transistors or Open (SPST-NO) devices, where the amplified and used to drive whatever
thyristors (SCR's or triacs) to switch a outputs turn on in response to a con- output device the relay is connected
load . trol voltage. The majority take operat- to, wheth er a transistor for DC out-
Control-to-load isol at ion is pro- ing power from the control I/O, puts, a thryistor for AC, or a power
vided either by optoisolators or trans- although some requi re separate DC MOSFET for either. The power for
formers. Solid- state relays are avail- logic power. The simplest DC input the drive circuitry is taken either from
able in AC and DC versions; Fig. I circuits use an LED optoisolator and the output load or is supplied sepa-
shows typical block diagrams. All ap- series current-limiting resistor. o
rately. In some MOSFET designs, the m
proaches shown use an optoisolator to The resistor is usually sized for a 5- photocurrent is sufficient to drive the o
rn
~
separate the control and drive seg- volt logic input , and results in a spec- output device . Tabl e I summarizes CD
ments . Figures l-c and l-d need a rec- ified "ON" range of 3-6 volts DC. typical specifications. rn
:D
tifier and filter for AC input. Figures For wider operating ranges (typically Norma lly, DC output devices like CD
CD
I-a and l-c use a drive circuit , an NPN 4-32 volts DC) , the resistor is re- those in Figs. I-a and l-b use an NPN CD

59
 age, and low "ON" -state resistance
02 and "OFF" -state leakage.
ADD DIODE FOR ,--+!- - --
INDUCTIVE LOADS I :
Due to near-zero gate current,
r-_-~f-------~ LOAD power MOSFET's can be driven di-
DC ZENER rectly from a series stack of pho-
CONTROL Q1 TRANSIENT todiode jun ctions, as in Fig. 2. The
INPUT SUPPRESSION
" photovoltaic-generator" stack from
01 International Rectifier shown in Fig. 3
is co nst ructed usin g IC fabrication
a techniques , and exposes a series of
photodiodes to LED illumination. No
operati ng power is required from the
load.
Most FET-output relays are housed
DC
CONTROL
in Du al -/nline P ackages (DIP 's) .
SNUBBER
INPUT Their main use is as a replacement for
reed relays, where low offset and low
leakage are import ant, and for control
of low-power ACIDC load s. High -
02 power AC loads are best controlled by
r- - +!- -"I thyristors, which are easily controlled
I
for zero-voltage tum -on; they also of-
fer inherent zero-current turnoff, and
AC RECTIFIER produce lower output-voltage drop at
CONTROL ANO
INPUT FILTER high currents .
However, FET des ig n invol ves
tradeoffs in voltage , current and resis-
c tance specs. In particular, high-volt-
ag e FET' s ha ve hi gher " ON "

OPTOCOUPLER
AC RECTIFIER ZERO
WITH PHOTODIOOE
CONTROL AND VOLTAGE
STACK
INPUT FILTER SWITCH

OPTOIS OLATOR CONTROL

d INPUT

FIG. 1-S0LlD-STATE RELAY INPUTS AND OUTPUTS may be designed for ACIDC. All
approaches shown use an optoisolator to separate the control and drive segments.
FIG. 2-DUE TO NEAR-ZEROgate current,
transistor, and may include a Zener inadvertently tum on the thyristor. power MOSFET's can be driven directly by
diode across the output for transient In some applications , having the a series stack of photodiode junctions.
suppression. The transistor will drop output tum on instantly is desirable .
some voltage in the " ON" state, and Relays referred to as "random turn-
the drive circuit will need some cur- on" are designed without zero-volt-
rent to operate. Typical output drop is age switching. Tum- off still occurs at
1- 2 volts at the full rated load current, zero current, due to the inherent latch-
while the " OFF" -state leakage may ing effect of thryistors. As with DC-
range from approximately 10 ILA-I output relays, the thyristor drops volt-
rnA. age while condu cting, while the drive
Most AC output devices inc lude circuitry requires power to operate. In
ze ro-voltage-s w itching c ircuitry. addition, the snubber passes AC leak-
Logic detects when the AC load volt- age in th e " O FF" state. Typi cal
age crosses zero (changes polarity) "ON" -state voltage is 1.6 volts, while
and delays the triac tum- on pulse until " OFF" -state leakage is 2- 10 rnA for
then. The triac turns on at the next 60-Hz power.
~ zero crossi ng after the input goes With recent advances in power
z high. Once triggered , it remains on MOSFET's, solid-sta te relays can be
a? until its current goes to zero. Zero- designed with lower " ON " -state volt- FIG. 3-A PHOTODIODE junction stack,
t5 voltage and zero -current sw itching age d rop s, a nd greatly re duce d known as a photovoltaic generator, from
~ minimi ze transients and ElectroMag- " OFF" -s ta te l e ak a g e. Th e s e International Recti fier. It's constructed
6 netic Interference (EM!). The RC MOSFET 's offer bidirectional current
using IC-fabrication techniques, and ex-
poses a series of photodiodes to LED il-
o snubber in Figs . I-b and I-d sup- flow, near-zero gate-drive current, no lumination. No operating power is
C2 presses rapid voltage changes that can inherent source-to-drain offset volt- required from the load.

60
 Transformer coupling allows faster include DC power supplies (not as
switching. The oscillator frequency is stand-alone devices). Figure 6 shows
typically 1-3 MHz , resulting in a buffered DC-output relay. The input
switching times as low as 1 u see. Op- circuitry and the LED are powered
toisolators exhibit slower response, from a separate logic supply, allow ing
with times for DC versions typically the logic input current to be typica lly
10-100 u see . They can be designed 25-250 !LA.
FIG. 4-1/0 ISOLATION may be provided for slightly higher temperatures ,
by th is transformer-coupled AC o utput being free of LED limitations. How- Package styles
oscillator relay. It's powered by a control ever, achieving breakdown voltages Solid-state relay s are generally
input which drives a thyristor th oug h a
above 1.5 kilovolts is easier using op- grouped into DIP' s, power relays, and
tr ansformer.
tical techniques. I/O module s. DIP relays are available
with transistor (DC) , thyristor (AC) ,
Hybrid relays or MOSFET (AC/DC ) outputs, and
Hybrid relay s marry reed relay s with optoisolator or transformer cou-
LINE with a solid-state power output. fig- pling . Most power relays are used to
r [
ure 5 shows a thyristor version; DC switch AC power, and use thyristor
VOLTAGE outputs are also offe red . The her- switching with optoiso lator coupling .
THYR ISTOR SUPPRESSION
NETWORK metically sealed reed contacts switch Tran sistor (DC) outputs and trans -
only low power, and last 10 million former coup ling are also available .
I a I LOAD operations or longer. The tum-on I/O modules are a lways op -
time is that of the reed relay, about I tocoupl ed , and don't offer MOSFET
-.... I
"'-F
msec. Other hybrid relays are the re- outputs; Fig. 7-a shows an IC DIP
o-------:FI> REED SWITCH verse , using a solid-state input ampli- version, Fig 7-b a power version, and
INP U T~ RYl fier driving a reed-relay output, the Fig . 7-c an I/O module . The DIP ver-
obv ious advantage being high input sions have transistor (DC) , thyri stor
FIG. 5-HYBRID RELAYS marry reed relay sensitivity. The term "hybrid" some- (AC), or MOSFET (AC/DC) outputs ,
i np ut w ith solid-state power output to and either optoisolator or transformer
c o ntro l a thyristor. The reed contacts
times describes construction tech -
swi tc h low power only, and turn-on t ime is nique, rather than method of coupling . Most power types use thy-
that of the reed relay; about 1 msec. operation. In some catalogs you'll ristor switching with optoisolator
find hybr id solid-state relays with no coupling for AC power; transistor out-
resistances , making them unsuitable mechanical components at all. puts and transformer coupling are
for switching high-current line-volt- available. I/O module s are always op-
age loads . Typical DIP relays have Self-powered and buffered relays tocoupled , and don't offer MOSFET
70-500-mA current ratings, "OFF"- So far, all the relays that have been outputs . Their characteristic s are
sta te leakage resistances of 100 discu ssed until now have been " self- summarized in Table I.
Megohms or more, and "ON" resis- powered," in that they take operating DIP relays look just like IC 's; most
tances from about one ohm for a power from the applied signal s. All often, 8- or 14-pin DIP's . Rated load
60-100-volt rating , to 25-50 ohms for models, whether optoisolated, trans- currents are a fraction of an ampere,
a 300 - 400-vo lt rating. Sw itching former coupled , or hybrid , require with voltage ratings from 60-300
times range from 10-100 usee. approximately 5-50 mA at their in- volts. Since many can fit on a PC
puts . Some, notably thyristor-output board , they're very handy for interfac-
I/O isolation relays with zero-voltage switching , ing logic signals to the outside world
The majority of solid-state relays also take operating power from output in digital control systems. MOSFET-
use optoisolators . All offer at least loads, although none require separate output relays also make excellent re-
1.5-kilovolt RMS I/O breakdown, and power connections. placements for reed relays in mea-
2 .5- or 4-kilovolt ratings are com- Buffered relays offer improved in- surement and dat a-acq uisition ap-
mon. Most of them have been rated, put sensitivity at the expense of need- plications. Edge-mounted SIP (sin-
listed , or approved by safety agencies ing separate DC power, and are gle -inline package) relays also are
like U L, CSA, and VDE. Trans- usually used in systems that already made . Military-grade relays are pack-
former coupling is also used to isolate
solid-state relays .
Figure 4 shows a transformer-cou- 'I- 5V 0-+-- - ..-- - - - ,
pled AC-output relay; DC and ACiDC +
FET relays are also available with
transformer coupling. The control in-
put powers an oscillator, the output of CONTROL DRIVE m DC
CONTROL
LOGIC CIRCUIT OUTPUT
which is coupled through a small INPUT 01
o
pulse transformer to trigger the output m
o
thyristor. Circuitry of the type shown OPTOISOLATOR
m
produces random tum-on operation; :s::
co
m
transfor mer-coupled relays generally FIG. 6-THE BUFFERED DC-OUTPUT RELAY ADDS externally-powered inpu t circuitry to :D
don't include zero-voltage switching redu ce control cu rrent req uirements. The in put ci rcuitry and the LED are powered from a
circuitry. separate log ic supply, lettin g t he lo gic in put current be 25-250 f.lA.

61
 TABLE l-S0LlD-STATE RELAY OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Drop Leakage

Package Max. Load Max. Load (on) at Current (off)
Output AC/DC Style Currents Voltages Rated Load At 25° C

Bipolar DC Dual 500 mA 60 VDC 1 to 1.5 V 20 JJ.A

Transistor Inline 50 mA 250 VDC
(DIP)
Input! 3.5 A 60VDC 1.2 to 1.75 V 10 JJ.A to l mA
Output 1A 200 VDC
Module
Power 2 to 20 A 50VDC 1.5 to 2V 5 to 15 mA
Power to 5 A 250 VDC 2V 10 f.l.A
(High
Voltage)
Thyristor AC Dual 0.3 to 1 ARMS 140 or 1.5 V max . 10 JJ.A to l mA
(Triac Inline (to 3 ARMS 280 V RMS
or SCR) (DIP) with heat sink)
Input! 3.5 ARMS 140 or 1.5 V max 2 to 5 mA
Output 280 V RMS
Module
Power 10 to"40 ARMS 140 to 1.5 V max 2to15 mA
480 V RMS
Power AC/DC Dual 100 to 500 mA 60 to Resistance Resistance
MOSFET Inline (Some to 1 A) 300 V 0.25 to typically
(DIP) 50 ohms 100 megohms

FIG. 7-THE THREE most common solid- state relay styles are the (a) IC DIP, (b) power, and (c) 1/0 module varieties.

power relays are also available, in-

cluding some PC board versio ns . I/O
+ modules are used primarily in micro-
processor-based data acquisition and
HI
5V CONTROL 390n control systems, although they can be
INPUT used in other applications where they
2
3
4N37 R2
OPTOCOUPLER 10K

en
o FIG. 8-THIS BASIC DC IN, DC OUT 1/0 RELAY switches up to 5 amps at 60 volts DC. It's
Z built around a Motorola 4N37 optoisolator, wh ich passes up to 30 mA output with a 10 mA
o LED current, while providing 1.5 kilovolts peak 1/0 isolation.
a: 12 VAC
.....
oW CONTROL 4N37
....J age d in he rmeti call y-sealed TO -5 about 2-3 inches on a side . Rated load INPUT OPTOCOUPLER
W
o transistor cans . curre nts are 10- 40 amp s , making FIG. 9-ADDING A DIODE BRIDGE and
is Power relays look very similar to them suitable for switching all but filter capacitor converts the control input
« the one in Fig. 7 , com mon sizes bein g heavy indu strial power loads. Sm aller
a: to AC.

62
Plug a Friend into Radio-Electronics
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In coming issues , Radio-Electronics will
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om
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m
s:
ID
m
:D

65
 plug into mating multi-channel lIO
boards; their normal size is about 1-2 R1 MOC3031 R2
inches on a side . 180n oPTO ISO LATD R 2m
"Output" modules convert logic
signals to ACiDC switched outputs, 5V CO NTRO L
INPUT
acting ju st like the relays examined 2
thus far. They plug into racks of 4, 8 or
16, and can be connected to a comput- 3
er or microprocessor to control power
devices drawing up to 3.5 amps , or to FIG. 1G-THE MOTOROLA MOC3031 OPTOISOLATOR WITH built-in zero-voltage switch-
drive power relays for heavier loads . ing simplifies design of this solid-state AC output relay. The MOC3031 is opt imized for use
"Input" modules do the reverse . with 120-volt AC, and provides up to 7.5 kilovolts peak 1/0 isolation. However, you'll need
to keep both input and output well separated.

When to use solid-state relays

The advantages of solid-state relays small models. Normally, 100-200 mainly on the output transistor; the
are fast switching and no mechanical volts/usee is adequate for most loads, type you use depends on whether you
contacts to wear, burn, pit , or cor- but inductive loads need special cau- want high power or minimum leakage
rode, hence clean switching with no tion. Since a thyristor turns off when current. With the 2N5337 shown, the
contact bounce, and immunity to its current reaches zero, and an induc- relay can switch up to 60 volts and 5
shock and vibration . Their life should tor's current lags its voltage , the sup- amps DC; OFF-state leakage is a few
be unlimited , barring electrical surge ply voltage won't be zero when the rnicroamps. The Zener protects against
or overload damage. Their low drive relay turns off. When the relay opens , voltage transients and inductive turn-
requirements often enable them to be the supply voltage will appear across off. The input resistor is suited to 10
driven directly from logic IC's . the thyristor, producing a very high mA at 5 volts; increase for higher in-
Some have features like noise sup- rate of change . puts . The LED drops 1.1 V, so:
pression or overload sensing . The lat- Purely inductive loads are a prob- R = (V IN -1.1 volts)/1O mA.
ter shuts the relay off until it's reset, lem for any relay or switch. For-
letting it act as a circuit breaker. Their tunately, most real loads such as The value isn't critical, although
I/O isolation equals that of mechan- motors are both inductive and re- operation at lower currents will re-
ical versions, and there are no induc- sistive. For highly inductive loads, duce available output current; the
tive coil surges. AC-output relays select a relay with a high rate-of- LED can handle up to 60 rnA continu-
with zero-voltage and zero-current change rating. Some AC power relays ously. Figure 9 shows modifications
switching minimize EM!. specify maximum motor horsepower for AC control. Building a zero-volt-
Their major disadvantage is that or a minimum load power factor. age-switching AC output relay is al-
their outputs are never completely Incandescent lamps have high ini- most as easy, as in Fig . 10. The
ON/OFF, as shown in Table I . If the .tial currents due to the cold filament Motorola MOC3031 optoisolator pro-
"ON" resistance or "OFF" leakage resistance. Most relays specify peak vides built-in zero-voltage switching
is of prime importance, use a me- as well as steady-state surge current. and triac driver Circuitry optimized
chanical device . Also, when switch- For lamps, a relay should be capable for 120 volts AC. It also provides up to
ing power, remember that the load is of handling five times the lamp cur- 7.5 kilovolts peak lIO isolation, but
never "OFF." The several-mA leak- rent for 1 sec . Transformers can also you'll need to keep both the input and
age current of AC power relays is a draw high initial currents, so you output well separated.
very real shock hazard. should allow for a one-half cycle sur- Figure 10 is from the Motorola spec
ge current equal to the line voltage sheet; Rl is selected for 20 mA at 5
Switching AC loads divided by the resistance of the trans- volts. Or, you can add a bridge and
AC loads can be switched using former primary (I = E/R). Finally, filtering for AC control; R2, R4 and
either thyristors or power most thyristor relays are designed for Cl provide "snubbing" of inductive
MOSFET's, the latter generally lim- use only at or near 60-Hz. loads. If the load is very inductive
ited to loads under 1 amp. A thyristor then increase R2 to 360 ohms . The
is a regenerative, positive-feedback Building your own breakdown voltage of CI must be
device which, upon triggering, con- Although solid-state models are higher than the peak line voltage.
ducts until the current through it goes readily available at moderate co st, Output voltage and current ca-
to zero . When a thyristor is in the you may want to design your own. pabilities depend on the triac used.
"OFF" state, the voltage across it That will not only afford greater pack- The circuit shown will switch 120
changes rapidly, capacitive coupling aging flexibility, but will let you tailor volts at 15 amps RMS, if the triac is
within can produce a sufficiently high lIO characteristics. Low-cost op - heat-sink mounted . Substitute op-
t5 pulse to cause conduction. The RC toisolator IC's make designing your toi solator MOC3041 and triac
z snubber in Figs. I-b and I-d reduces own easy. Figure 8 shows a basic DC MOC3040 for 240 volts RMS. OFF
a?I- the effect. lIO model built around a Motorola current through the snubber will be
o
UJ
AC relays specify a maximum rate 4N37 optoisolator, which passes up to 400 j.LA at 120 volts. If the OFF leak-
ill of change of typically 100-200 30-mA output with a lO-mA LED cur- age is important, and you 'll be
o volts/usee for power devices, and rent, while providing 1.5 kilovolts switching resistive loads like heaters
~ higher (500-1000 volts /u sec and peak lIO isolation. or incandescent lamps, then the snub-
CI: above) for DIP versions and other The output characteristics depend ber can be reduced or eliminated . R-E
66
AUDIO
UPDATE LARRY KLEIN ,
AUDIO EDITOR
Are t here sonic differences among CD players?
LAST M ONTH WE LO O KED ATTHE AUD IO the mor e techni cal crit ics claim ? st ructe d to tak e as mu ch tim e as he
co mm u n ity 's reacti on s, p ro and As yo u mi gh t suspect , dedi cated liked sw itc hi ng betw een A, B, and
co n, to t he in trodu cti on of t he d ig- audiop hi les claim th at each br and X. Hi s task was to decid e wh eth er
ital co mpact di sc. Ma ny d edi cated and mod el of pl ayer so und s dif- th e sound of pl ayer A o r B was
au diop h i les and LP co l lec to r s fe rent. Their view is not su rprising id enti cal to th at of t he machin e-
co mp la i ne d t ha t , co m pa red to si nce t hose o n t he o ute r audio se lecte d X. Th e A BX's mi cr o -
LP's, m an y-i f not m o st-CO 's f r i nges reg u la rly p e r c eiv e di f- processor kept track of it s rand om
sounded harsh , cons tricte d, and fe rences th at are not o nly imper- cho ice of X fo r subseq ue nt co m-
unmu sical. Because t he f irst tra n- cepti b le to ordi nary mor tal ears, pari son w ith t he listen ers' w ritte n
sistor am p l ifie rs p rodu ced t he b ut also u su all y defy m easure- cho ices . For each li stener, every
same so rt of co mp laints, I te nde d me nt. But give n t he rel ease of so pl ayer was com pared w it h eve ry
to dism iss t he c rit ics as sim p ly hav- many sonica lly flawed CD 's, is it ot he r pl ayer fo r a tota l of 50 tri als.
in g emot io nal o r fin ancial vested safe to say that th e marketpl ace The beauty of t he ABX syste m is
inter est s in LP t echn ol o gy. Ulti- hasn't been subjected to equally th at th e li sten er is not fo rced to
matel y, it t u rned out t hat many flawe d pl ayer s? m ak e va l ue jud gm ents, but i s
CD 's did sound bad-n ot because Aside fro m th e regul ar ann ual asked on ly to indicate wh ether he
the mu sic had been cho p ped into te sts run by Con sumer Reports hear s a d iffe rence between co m-
di git al bi ts as th e crit ics claim ed , th ere have been two fai rly rigorou s pon ents A , B, and ref er en ce X,
but sim p ly because many reco rd- co m par at ive -l ist en i ng t est s co n- wh en X can be eit he r A or B. If th e
ing an d record-ma sterin g eng i- du cted by Ste reo Review, a large li sten er can reliably identify A o r B
neers w ere unable to adapt to th e main stream hi -f i publi cation . The as so und ing different from (or th e
di ff eren t demand s of th e new me- first tests app eared in t he Janu ary same as) X, th en it can be said that
dium . Th e many exce lle nt-so u nd - 1986 issue and in volved a di spar ate th ere is an aud ib le difference be-
in g C D 's cu rre nt ly avai lab le are gro up of six pl ayers ran gin g i n tween t he two co mpo ne nts under
suff ic ie nt pr o of t hat th er e i s p rice f ro m an under-$200 Emerso n test. If the cho ices co me out no
noth in g inher ently wro ng wi th t he to a $1,300 Sony. The seco nd series better th an chance, it is evide nt
CD format. of co m parative- listening test s (i n t hat th e li sten er is not hearin g a
the Decem ber 1988 issue) was per- di ff eren ce, eve n th ou gh he mi gh t
Player problems forme d on six p ricey ($750-$2,500 ) beli eve he is.
O ne of t he cla ims made in favor " st at e-of -t h e-a rt" mach i n es. A ll
of the co mpact disc is t hat indi vid - te st s were ca ref u l ly co ntrol le d , Test results
ual pl ayer s that co nfo rm to t he CD usin g spec ially qu ali f ied li sten er s Since I wo uld rather not d rag the
standa rd wi ll al l so und essentially working wit h the sop hi sticate d reader t hro ug h a rath er dull d is-
alike w he n wo rk ing correctly. In ABX test device. cussion of th e d esign and stat is-
ot her wo rds, a given data stream tica l m ath em ati cs of t he A BX
o n a di sc wi ll p rodu ce fro m any Test techniques doubl e-blind test proc edu res, let
pl ayer a wi de-range aud io signal Tw o p layer s at a t ime we re co n- it suffice to say th at I have no co m-
wit h vani shingly low di st o rt io n , nected to the ABX te st unit's inp ut; p lai nt s w ith either t he test tec h-
no ise, and wow and f lutte r. it s o ut put was co nnected to a ve ry- ni qu es or t he stat ist ic al ana lys is
Leavin g asi de ack now led ged hi gh-qual it y refe rence aud io sys- used i n t he t wo ser ies of t est s. ~
di ff eren ces in th e players' abi lity to te m . Du ring each t rial in the series However, I do have a mild qu arrel ~
resist exte rna l shock and vibrat io n of li sten in g tests, a logi c circuit in w it h so me of th e arti cle 's co n- ~
and to ign or e varyin g degr ees of th e ABX co m parato r ra n do m ly c1u sion s. gJ
di sc f laws, d o all th e m achin es chose o ne of t he two CD pl ayer s to As with pr evi ou s tests, th e mo st <0
so und essent ially ali ke, as many of serve as X. Th e li st en er was i n- continue d on page 88 ~

67
 / '"

HARDWARE
Optical reprint sources
Hacker pc breakthough
Clock and doorbell chip
Faki ng doub le-sided boards
Print ed circui t resource list

HACKER
PC-board breakthrough DON LAN CASTER

- OUR -S'TUPEN i:56 u SLy'-MAJO R NEW ep'ox ies :"Wh ile"p ne no l i C is-t h'e - is m o st often Y16th'of'an-i n'ch-th ick,
b reakthro ug h fo r thi s mon th is a chea pest, it do es chip and shatter and has a single layer of coppe r fo il
bran d new way of doi ng hacker easily, and sho uld be h eat ed be - lam in at ed to one surface o nly. Two
printed- circu it b oard s that I'll call fo re pun chin g o r d ri l li ng. It i s po pul ar t hicknesses of copper are
t he direct tone r m ethod . Believe it often used for sing le-sided layouts used . O ne-ou nce copper is
o r not , all yo u need is an i ron and in toys, ap pliances, and any ot he r aro u nd 0.00135 in ches t hick; two -
yo ur favori te wo rd pr o cesso r. high- volu m e app licat io ns. For us o unce copper is double that, or
Th is new p ro cess is ridicul ou sly h ac k e r s , ph en ol i c is nea r ly aro un d 0.00270 inches th ick.
faster, sim p le r, and chea per t han usel ess. Th us, one-ounce copper is a tad
any of t he o ld ways . Since it 's so Glass epoxy is pretty near t he ove r one mil th ick, and two-ounce
new, we su re co uld use yo ur p er- same st uff t hat a fibe rg lass boat is copper is somewhat over two mi ls
so nal help in f urt he r test ing and mad e of. It has great electrical and t hick . Tw o -o u n ce copper is nor-
debu ggin g. m ech ani c al p r op er t i e s, a nd i s mall y reserved for higher-current
But fi rst , let 's revi ew so me of th e nearl y id eal for any do ub le-side d uses or w he re extreme reliabi lity is
o lder ways of makin g p rinted- ci r- and multil ayer boards . Hacker d is- need ed .
cuit boar ds. W e mi ght sta rt off by ad va ntages are that glass epoxy O n a tra d itio nal sing le-si de d cir-
go ing ove r some ... costs more and dull s d rill s at an cuit board, m o st of the co rnpo -
ama z i ng rat e . Ca rb i de d ri lls are nen t s get m o u nt ed o n t he bare
Circuit-board fundamentals ju st abou t m and atory fo r all but side of t he board, g iving us a
Printed circ uit board s first be- th e sho rtest of p rodu cti on run s. com po nent side and a foil side to
came popul ar in th e early 1950's Th e CEM-1 mat er ial has o nly a w ork wit h . That allows a d ip, a re-
because of t he ir overw he lmi ng ad- pai r o f f i b e rgl ass laye rs impreg- fl ow, or wave solderi ng of all t he
vantages ove r poi nt-to-po int w ir- nated in t o an epoxy bo dy. Because p art s at o nce . The co mpone nts
in g. Th e PC w i ri ng p att ern w as it 's chea pe r and easie r to drill t han t en d to p u ll the fo i l towa rd t he
always th e same, virt ually elim inat- glass epoxy, it 's a good choice fo r subst rate, rath e r tha n tryi ng to
ing wiring erro rs. Stray induct ance h ack er use . It also d r ill s and peel the foi l from the board .
and capac ita nce were mu ch low er pun ch es we ll. G lass-epoxy boards Sing le-sided boards lim it both
an d far m ore un if o r m. A nd t he are we ll suited fo r all b ut t he most your mi n im um size and how m uch
manu factu rin g co uld be totally au- precise and exacting need s. Th ey you ca n connect where , u n less
to mated. Produ ct ion t i mes be- eve n co me in a wide variety of col - yo u go to an unacceptable number
ca me mu ch sho rte r, and lab or o rs. of i nterconnecting jumpers . Be-
costs droppe d sharply. So did size Th e simp les t va r iation is a cause of that, most modern boards
an d we ig ht. single-side d board . Th e substrate are double-sided, and have fo il on
A p ri nted -circ uit board often bot h surfaces . While the most
w i l l co nsist of an ins u lating co m mon means of rou ti n g con-
substrate t hat h as o ne o r m ore NEED HEL P? nections between the two board
~ lay e r s of co nd ucting patterns sides is with plated-through holes,
z p lace d o n o r in it. Figu re 1 shows Phone or wr ite your Hardwa re
h ac k er alternat ives are eyelets,
Hacker questions directly to:
~ so me popu lar forms of pr in ted-cir- w ire tabs, the component leads by
o cuit boa rds.
Don Lancaster
Synergetics t hemselves, or indiv id ua l socket
i:J
I.JJ
You w i ll f i nd three m ain sub- Box 809 p ins. Mill-Max is a leading so urce
o st rate mate rials in use to day. They Thatcher, AZ 85552 of l o w - c o st socket p i ns, and
o<l: in clud e p he no l ic, FR-4 (o r G-10) (602) 428-4073 Stimpson is a good eye let source.
a: glass epoxy, and CEM -1 co m pos ite A d ou bl e- si d ed p late-t hro ug h
68
 ing and extre me com pone nt de n-
sit ies. M u lti -laye r PC boards as
SINGLE SIDED
d en se as 24 layer s have bee n b uilt.
Q uite ofte n, t he multi -l ayer PC
boa rd wi ll be th e most ex pe nsive
part of an electro nic syste m.
Flexibl e bo ard s are also becom-
in g popul ar. Th ey are ofte n th inner
and use a Kapton substrate. Uses
in clud e m oun t in g co n nectors,
DOUBLE SIDED , NO PLATE THRU and fo r hi ghl y d en se o r unu sual
packagin g. Rogers Corp is a lead-
in g so u rce of f lex ib le PC- bo ard
sup plies.

Creating a printed-circuit
There's a number of go od ways
to create a final printed- circui t
board. In genera l, t hose meth o ds
DOUBLE SIDED , PLATE THRU HOLES
th at pu t new co nducto rs o n an in -

~L-J[=*=
su lat i ng su bstrate are additi ve ;
t hose th at rem ove unw anted co n-
du ctors from unneeded areas are
subtractive. Very often, both ad-
d it ive and subtract ive tec h niq ues
w ill be used in co mbi nat io n.
Fou r of th e tradi ti onal b o ard-
MULTI-LAYER produ ct i on t echniqu es in clud e
direct, m e ch ani cal, silk screen,

--9~
and ph otographic.
In th e direct meth od , an etc h-
resi st an t pa tt ern is ap p l ie d by
hand to t he printed-c ircuit stock .
M o st any paint , lacqu er, in stan t
transfer, o r in k wi ll wo rk, as will
t he tape and dot s in tend ed for ini -
FLEXIBLE
tial layout w or k . So does a f i n -
ge r p r i n t or sp i l le d ro o t b eer.
Bishop Graphics is a leadin g sup-
pli er of PC tap e and dots , and
Oatak is on e so u rce for i nstant-
FIG. 1-SEVERAL POPULAR TYPES of printed-circuit boards. Note that a double-sided
t ransfe r produ ct s. There are also
plate-through board can be hacker-faked by using component leads , eyelets, wire tabs, or so me rubb er- st ampin g l ay out
low-cost individual pin sockets. aid es bein g offe red.
Actu all y, th e direct meth od is
set u p i s b e y ond wh at m o st per s, eyelets, o r individual socket more hassle t han it is w orth , and
hac kers w ould care to atte mpt. pin s are not reall y all th at bad an ends up ju st abou t tot all y useless.
The tanks and suc h alon e can set alte rnat ive fo r yo u r pro t ot yp e Some probl em s here are patt ern
yo u ba ck th e bett er p a r t of board s. a l ig n me n t , pr e v ent in g f i n -
$10,000.00. Nasty chemica ls are in- The next ste p beyond d oubl e- ge rp rints, tape li ft in g, a lack of uni-
volved that are hard to get in small l ay er bo ard s a re multi-layer form ity, and t oo man y defect s.
quantit ies. Wor se yet , it tak es a board s, wh er e ci rc uit ry is pla ced The mechani cal method s p hys-
lon g tim e and involve s seve ral inside t he substrate, as w ell as o n ica lly remove un w ant ed co p pe r,
dozen ste ps, all of whi ch have to both su rfaces . Typi call y, the re will usually by rou tin g, spec ial d rill s,
f u nctio n pe rfec t ly to eve r get any be fo u r layer s. You r hori zontal o r by milling. They're ano t he r co n-
p rodu ct o ut at th e far end. You run s w ill dom in ate o n th e t op su r- cept that lo oks mu ch better on pa-
co ul d farm O Ul a lot of prototyp e face, fo llowed by a low er power- pe r t han in the real wo rld. Several
board s at $30 to $60 before yo u sup ply pl ane, a ground plan e t hat spec iali zed systems are usabl e for 0
co uld ever ju sti f y t he in vestm ent. is low er still, and t he ve rtica l run s th e mechani cal PC layou t s. Invar- ~
Fortunat ely, t h e lat e st of th e t hat domin ate t he bottom su rface. iab ly, th ey are both laughin gly and ~
surface-mo un t techn ol o gy co m- As yo u mi ght guess, all fo u r- obsce ne ly overpriced. OJ
pon ents tend to great ly minimize layer board s are quite exp en sive Th e si l k-sc ree n PC meth od is ~
hoth the number of hol es and th e and are extrem ely hard to modify, quite simp le and is wid ely used ~
need for pl ate-throu gh . So jum- but t hey do offe r supe rio r shie ld - co m me rc ially, espe ci ally fo r sin- ~
69
 gle-sided board s of fa i r1y low toler-
an ces . The process is exactly the 1. Always do your layouts double sized (2X) on a blue gridded mylar sheet,
same as sil k scr ee n i ng a T-shirt o r a available from any drafting supply house. Always work on a light box. Use
g reet i n g card . Oversize artwork is only "real" printed circuit tape and dots. Bishop Graphics is one source.
creat ed , usually at a 2: 1 or so m e-
2. Watch which side you tape from. Pin one of an integrated circuit is at the
t im es a 4 :1 scale. A lit h o ne gative lower left when viewed from the top as shown in the data book. Pin one
get s shot from the art w o r k, which will be at the lower right when etched from the bottom board foil.
in turn creates a photo master for
th e s c r e e n. High-reso lution 3. Never cut your tape with an X-acto knife! Instead, lay the knife down flat
and pull the free end of the tape back against the blade. Always firmly
screen s are u sed, often in a 20XX
mash the tape in place after routing. A teaspoon is ideal for this.
density.
To print a board, etch-resistant 4. Never do your own photography! A litho negative costs only $3 at a jiffy
ink is placed on the screen, and a printer, ad agency, or lithographers. This is the only way to get the proper
precision and density.
squeegee is used to force the in k
through the open portions of th e 4. Never coat your own boards! Always use commercially precoated dry film
screen. The board is then etched boards, such as those from Kepro.
to remove all copper that is not 5. Always use dry film photoresist, rather than spray-on or liquid coated
covered by the inked image . KPR types. Otherwise, pinholes, dust, and uniformity will eat you "alive.
The advantages of the si lk -
6. If you must coat your own board, incredible cleanliness is essential.
screen meth od ar e that it is ch eap , Thoroughyly scour the board with ultra fine steel wool and a chlorine
fast, and relatively low tech. One activated (Comet) cleanser at least three times, spending not less than
disadvantage is that the $30 set u p two minutes per square inch of board. Dry promptly and avoid all finger
charge per screen gets out of hand prints. If possible, follow up with a chemical copper cleaner. Then etch for
when you w an t only a single pro- a few seconds, rinse four times, dry, and use immediately. .
totype board. A second is the in - 7. Note that properly cleaned copper will allow an unbroken film of water to
ability to do very fine li n es or pre- flow over it, and that it will not be copper colored at all. Instead, it will be
cisely align ed wo rk . a uniform hot pink.
Ulano is one major so u rc e of
8. Never print through the negative base! Always have the photo emulsion
silk-screen fi lms . The screens
in direct contact with the dry film photoresist.
themselves are available from such
9. Never use a ferric chloride etchant! Always use ammonium persulfate.
10. Always etch at an elevated temperature, around 120 degrees Farenheit.
A warming plate from a yard sale is ideal for this. Agitage the etchant with
a gentle sloshing or bubbles from an aquarium pump.
HANDS-ON BOOKS 11 . Never etch with your foil side up!. Support the board vertically, or else foil
Hardware Hacker Reprints II 24.50 side down at least 1/2 inch above the bottom of the etchant tray. A mirror
Ask The Guru Reprints I or II 24.50 under a glass etchant tray lets you view etching progress. Use only
CMOS Cookbook 18.50 plastic or glass in contact with your etchant.
TIL Cookbook 16.50
Active Filter Cookbook 15.50
FIG. 2-S0ME REALLY DUMB MISTAKES are often made by hackers who do their own
Micro Cookbook vol I or II 16.50
Enhancing your Apple I or II 17.50 printed-circuit boards the "old way." Here is how to avoid the worst of the pitfalls of the
AppleWriter Cookbook 19.50 trad itional methods. But this is all ancient history, because ...
App le Assembly Cookbook 21.50
Incredible Secret Money Machine 10.50
LaserWriter Reference (Apple) 19.50
PostScript Cookbook (Adobe) 16.50
PostScript Ref. Man. (Adobe) 22.50 PRINTED CIRCUIT RESOURCES
PostScript Prog. Design (Adobe) 22.50
Real World Postscript (Roth) 22.50
Advance Process Supply DuPont Riston
400 North Noble Street 3945 Freedom Circle F4
UNLOCKED SOFTWARE Chicago, IL 60622 Santa Clara, CA 95054
LaserWriter Corner (lie/Mac/PC) 29.50 (312) 829-1400 (408) 562-9300
PostScript Show & Tell 39.50 Bishop Graphics Electronic Manufacturing
Intro to PostScript VHS Video 39.50 5210 Lewis Road 17730 W Peterson Road
PostScript Perspective Draw 39.50
PostScript Beginner Stuff 39.50 Agoura Hills, CA 91376 Libertyville, IL 60048
PostScript Techn ical Illustrations 39.50 (818) 991-2600 (312) 362-871 1
PostScript Work in Progress 39.50 Black Lightning Electronic Packaging
PostScript BBS stuff 19.50
Abso lute Reset lie & lie 19.50
RR 1-87 Depot Road 1350 E Touhy Avenue
AppleWr iter /Laserwriter Utilities 49.50 Hartland, VT 05048 Des Plains, IL 60018
Enhance I or II Companion Disk 19.50 (802) 359-2790 (312) 635-8800
(j)
AppleW riter CB or Assy CB Disk 24.50 Circuits Manufacturing Kepro Circuit Systems
o
Z FREE VOICE HELPLINE VISA/MC 500 Howard Street 630 Axminister Drive
o San Francisco, CA 94105 Fenton, MO 63026
a:
~
oW (415) 397-1881 (314) 343-1630
....J Datak Kodak
W 3117 Paterson Plank Road 343 State Street
6 North Bergen, NJ 07047 Rochester, NY 14650
is
-c (201) 863-7667 (716) 724-4000
a: CIRCLE 83 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

70
sources as D ick Blick, South ern

n
Sign Supply, and Advance Screen .
Two trad e journal s that serve the
field are Screen Printing and
Signcraft magazines.
At one time , printed-circuit
boards were etched using a ferric A thermal transfer toner image
ch loride solution. Today, ferric is PostScript laser printed onto
ch loride is a very poor cho ice of a treated polyester sheet as a
etchant. A much better etchant 1:1 revers ed positive.
choice is ammonium persu lfate . It
is much cleaner, faster, and easier
to use. Being a light blue solution ,
ammonium persu lfate al so l et s
you view the board as it is being 0
,
etched. Etch ing best takes p lace at
an elevated temperature, typica lly
120 degrees Fahrenheit. You co u ld
easi ly h it that temperature with a
modified aquarium heater, a
warming plate from a yard sale , or •I
~
"",r;; I•
I~~~I
any of the st rip heaters found on Heat and pressure fuse the
the surp lus market. toner directly to a thoroughly
Everything that comes in contact cleaned printed circuit board .
with the etchant must be gla ss or
p lastic. PVC is often usable . Ide-
ally, your etchant shou ld be .
sprayed onto the vertica ll y held
boards . Other ways to keep the
etchant moving wou ld be a simp le
manual slo shing or injecting air
from an aquarium pump.
One really dumb mistake that
most hackers make w hen etching
the ir first PC boards is to place
their board face up in the etchant The pc board then gets etched
solution . A ll that does is redeposit in ammonium persulfate in the
sed iments and any crud removed usual manner.
from t he board back on it sel f, lead-
ing to all so rts of n asty problems.
I n st e ad , always suppo rt your FIG. 3-0UR BRA ND NEW DIRECT TONER TRANSFER meth od can dra mat ically simp lify
boards vertica lly in the etchant, or and speed up mak ing all of your hacker printed-circuits at a cost only of pennies per
board. Here are t he t hree key steps in th is breakt hrough process.
e lse use surface tension to f loat

Lazer Products (602) 961-1382 Libertyville, IL 60048

12741 E. Caley Ave. # 130 Screen Printing (31 2) 362-8711
Englewood, CO 80155 407 Gilbert Avenue Synergetics
(303) 792-5277 Cincinatti, OH 45202 Box 809
Meadowlake (513) 421-2050 Thatcher, AZ 85552
25 Blanchard Drive Sign Craft (602) 428-4073
Northport, NY 11768 1938 Hill Avenue Thiokol Dynachem
(516) 757-3385 Fort Myers, FL 33906 2631 Michelle Drive
Miller-Stephenson (813) 939-4644 Tustin, CA 92681
Box 950 Southern Sign Supply (714) 730-4200
Danbury, CT 06813 127 Roesler Road Thompson & Thompson
(203) 743-4447 Glen Burnie, MD 21061 23072 Lake Center # 100
Mill-Max (301) 768-8600 EI Toro, CA 92630
190 B Pine Hollow Road Stimpson (714) 855-3838
o
Oyster Bay, NY 11771 900 Sylvan Avenue Ulano Corp m
(516) 922-6000 Bayport, NY 11705 255 Butler Street o
m
Rogers Corp (516) 472-2000 Brooklyn, NY 11217 ~
[D
100 S. Roosevelt Avenue Surface Mount Technology (718) 622-5200 m
:D
Chandler, AZ 85226 17730 W. Peterson Road ......
(0
co
(0

71
 EXTRAORDINARY NAMES AND NUMBERS
Adobe PostScript JKL Components
PC ADD-ONS 1585 Charleston Road 13343 Paxton Street
VCR TAPE BACKUP SYSTEM $197 Mountain View, CA 94039 Pacoima, CA 91331
Store over 300Megabytes on a single
120min VHS tape using your own VCR! (415) 961-4400 (800) 421-7244
( About 80 cents/4Omegab)'tes !! ) All Electronics Robert A Main & Sons
PC-OSCILLOSCOPE SYSTEM $197 PO Box 567 555 Goffle Rd, Box 159
Useful BW=5MHz. 2 chaunals . Comes
with probes, soft., manual, and expansion Van Nuys, CA 91408 Wyckoff, NJ 07481
board . (Send $5.00 for demo package) (800) 826-5432 (201) 447-3700
EG&G Reticon Rohm Corporation
PC UPGRADES 345 Potrero Avenue 8 Whatney
Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Irvine. CA 92718
MOTHERBOARDS (408) 738-4266 (714) 855-0819
8MHz XT Motherboard OK/ram $85
10MHz XT Motherboard OK/ram $95 Freedom of the Press SPIE
12MHz AT Motherboard OK/ram $245 900 Tech Park Drive #8 PO Box 10
XT HARD DRIVE KITS Billerica, MA 01821 Bellingham, WA 98227
ST238R 30MB, RLL, controller & cables ••$259
ST250R 40MB, RLL. controller & cables ... 289 (800) 873-4367 (206) 676-3290
Go Script/LaserGo Synergetics
1/0 CARDS
Parallel Port Card for XTI AT $24 9235 Trade Place, Ste A Box 809
Serial Card for XTI AT $29 San Diego, CA 92126 Thatcher, AZ 85552
(619) 530·2400 (602) 428-4073
Kroy Kolor _ __ _ Winzeler Inc _
FOR FREE CATALOG
CALL 1-800-866-7899 14555 N. Hayden Road 7355 W. Wilson Avenue
( U.S.A . only)
Scottsdale, AZ 85260 Chicago. IL 60656
(800) 521-4997 (312) 867-7971
OR WRITE TO:
CHASE SClENTIF1C COMPANY
P.O . BOX 1895. APTOS. CA. 95001-1895
- PHONEORDERS C.O.D. ONLY
- 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE
1. Create a PostScript printed circuit artwork image on disk, using your
favorite word processor and the sample routines of figure five and six,
(IBM,XT,AT ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS OF
INTERN ATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES INC.)
the full code found in my PostScript Show and Tell, or some suitable third
CIRCLE 147 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD party printed circuit layout package.
2. Run a positive, reversed 1:1 proof on a PostScript speaking laser printer,
such as an Apple LaserWriter liNT. Many copy shops offer this service.
Low cost PostScript printers are available through Don Thompson.
Get A Complete Course In 3. Optional step: Take a polyester based, laser printable overhead
transparency material and lightly coat one side with Miller-Stephenson

ELECTRONIC type MS-136 heated mold release agent. Mark the coated side.
4. PostScript laser print a 1:1 positive reversed (black = foil; right = left) onto
ENGINEERING the coated side of the polyester sheet, using a special thermal transfer
(f-shlrt) toner from Black Lightning, Don Thompson, or Lazer Products.
Other graphic toners might also work; try them and see.
8 volumes, over 2000 pages,
including all necessary math and 6. Sharpen and smooth the leading edge of an oversize piece of 1116th inch
physics. 29 examinations to help printed circuit material with a file and steel wool, so that it can be sent
you gauge your personal pro- through a fake Kroy Kolar machine without hurting the rollers. Use a 3/8
gress. A truly great learning to 1/2 inch leading slope.
experience. 7. Thoroughly clean this oversize printed circuit board, scouring it three
Prepare now to take advan- times with fine steel wool and Comet cleanser, followed by a chemical
tage of the growing demand for cleaner, followed by a brief etch. The board must be a uniform hot pink in
people able to work at the engin- color and must allow an unbroken stream of water to flow smoothly over
eering level. it. Be sure to avoid any and all fingerprints.
Ask for our brochure giving 8. Tape the leading edge of the polyester sheet toner side down to the
complete details of content. Use copper side of the printed circuit board, using a suitable high temperature
your free information card num- tape. Make sure the polyester sheet lies flat.
ber, or write us directly. $99.95,
Postage Included. Satisfaction 9. Run the board, image side up, through a preheated fake Kroy Kolar
guaranteed or money refunded. machine adjusted to a medium temperature. One source of these
machines is Lazer Products. See the November 88 Radio Electronics or
my hardware Hacker II reprints for details on building your own machine.
(J)
o 10. Optional step : Chill the board suddenly in a freezer before lifting the
z
o Banner polyester sheet. Allow to warm to room temperature, then bake for fifteen
t Technical seconds at 300 degrees F in a kitchen oven.
11. Etch in the usual manner in ammonium persulfate etchant.
~ Books, Inc.
o 1203 Grant Ave. FIG. 4-THE STEP-BY-STEP"BASELINE" process for the new toner transfer PC method.
~ Rockford. IL 61103 An ordinary iron can substituted for the Kroy Kolor machine, but the results may not be as
a:: good. Let us know your experiences here.
CIRCLE 67 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
72
 % Copyr ight c 1988 by Don Lancaster & Synergetics, Box 809, Thatcher AZ , 85552 .
% (602) 428-4073. All rights reserved. Personal , non-cornmerclal use permitted so long
% as this header rema ins both present and intact. Show & Tell disk costs $39 .50.
Iquadpixe l {transform 4 div round 4 mul itransform} def
Isetg rid {save I rubbersnap exc h def Isize exch def quadpixel exch quadp ixel exch trans late
size dup scale) def
Idrawlines {72 300 div Iw mul size div setlinewidth /hposs 0 def #hlines gs div 1 add cv i
{hposs 0 move to 0 #Vlines rlineto stroke I hposs hposs gs add det} repeat Iv poss 0 def
#vlines gs div 1 add cvi {O vposs moveto #hlines 0 rfineto stro ke Ivposs vposs gs add
def} repeat} def
Ishowgrid{gsave I#vfines exch def I#hfines exch def 106 45 {pop pop O} setscreen 0.9
setgray Igs 1 def I lw 1 def drawl ines grestore} def THE ONLY SOURCE
11 X {30 72 mul 300 div setgrid} def
Itrace20 {6 30 div setl inew idth) def Itrace50 {16 30 div setfinewidth} def Itrace 80 {24
YOU'LL EVER NEED!
30 div setlinewidth} def SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
lam {newpath moveto} del QUICK SHIPMENT
Itdraw {rlineto currentpo int stroke moveto} def RELIABILITY • LOW COST
lu {O exch tdraw} det Ir+ {dup tdraw} def FOR FREE CATALOG. CALL OR WRITE:
Ir {O tdraw} det tt- {dup neg tdraw } def
Id {O exch neg tdraw} def
/I {neg 0 tdraw} det
II- {neg dup tdraw} det
11+ {dup neg exch tdraw} det
JAN CRYSTALS
P.O. BOX 06017
_ M a!:K {!LSjlJg.@y} def IWh ite_~ .@}'}-"
d",
e.,f - _ FORT MYERS, FL 33906
Ixrpt{gsave aload pop Itrips exch def Idist exch def Irproc exch def trips { gsa ve rproc
1--....:..(~rr3)9-3-6.23-97~-
grestore dist 0 trans late} repeat grestore} def
Iyrpt{gsa ve aload pop I trips exch def Idist exch def Irproc exch def trips { gsave
rproc grestore 0 dlst translate } repeat grestore} def

II
•
Ihole {gsave 150 div Idia exch def newpath dia 2 div 0 360 arc whit e fill grestore} det
/icpadl v {save Ipsnap exch def trac e50 2 copy gsave exch 0.2 sub exch am 0.4 r gresto re
20 hole psnap restore} def I SINCE
1965
I
le dgeconu {gsave translate 0.4 0 moveto 0 -2 0.4 0 180 arcn 0 2 rfineto close path fill
grest ore} def TOLL-FREE: 1-800-JAN-XTAL
Ifeedpad {save Itpsnap exch def newpath 2 copy black 0.25 0 360 arc fill 18 hole cl ear (526-9825)
tpsnap restore } def
FAX ORDERS: 1·813·936·3750
Icircpad2 {save Ifpsnap exch def newpath 2 copy black 0.30 0 360 arc fill 22 hole clear
lps nap restore} def CIRCLE 104 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Idip8v{gsave trans late [{O 0 icpadl v} 1 4J yrpt [{3 0 icpadl v} 1 4] yrpt grestore} def
Idip16v{gsave translate HO 0 lcpadtv] 18] yrpt [{3 0 icpadlv} 18] yrptg restore} def
1 setlinejoin 1 setfinecap A NewAOR
FIG. 5-S0ME SAMPLE POSTSCRIPT PC-LAYOUTroutines that were excerpted from my
PostS cript Show & Tell disk . Just shove th is listi ng into your favorite word processor as a
prolog to your act ual layout.
, Scanner
100 Channels Low, Air,
the board upside down on the sur- allow an unbroken stream of water High, UHF & 800MHz
face of the etchant . Another ploy is to flow over it without any runn ing
to add nylon spacers to your PC or beading. Your key secret is that
board so the fo il faces down in a genuinely and totally clean cop-
your etc hing so lution . Or else per will not be copper-colored at
throw some ny lo n hex nuts in the all . Instead, it w ill be certainly a
etcha nt and sit the board upside uniform hot pink. Commercial
down on the nuts. Once agai n , copper cleaners, such as CU3 from
never etch a PC board face up! Kepro, are a great help, but are
A second stupid m istake that somewhat expensive. • Perfect for base or AR950
mobile. Includes AC Total Price , Freio ht Prep aid
lot s of hackers make is failing to The ultimate final cleanliness and DC power cords,
$299.00
(Express Shipping Op tiona l)

clean the boards properly. It is not step is to place the copper in am- mobile mount hardware
monium pe rsulfate and etch it for and 2 antennas.
possible to clean a circuit board at • Covers 27-54MHz,
ho m e w ithout spending at least ten to fifteen seconds or so . Then 108-174MHz, 406-512MHz
two minutes per square inch of thoroughly rinse three times and and 830-950MHz.
• 5 Scan Banks and 5 Search Banks
board. Begin by using Comet or air d ry immediately. If you get a • 25 Day Satisfaction Guarantee
another chlorine-activated un iform hot p ink result, then yo ur • No Frequencies Cut Out.
cleanser with a fine steel -wool pad copper is clean enough for imme- • Size : 3W'H x 5'!s'W x 7'1a''D . Wt.: 2 lb. 10 oz.
diate use.
o
or Scotchbrite pad . Rinse thor- m
oughly and wipe on an inner fresh The photographic methods get om
~
turn of a new roll of paper towels. rather complicated, but they can COMMU NICAT IONS OJ
be used for arb itrarily fine lines m
Repeat that at least three times , 10707 E. 106th St. Indpls., I N 46256

avoiding any and all f ingerprints. and for all of the precision you will
..-I Toll Free 800-445-7717 [a:sJ
::D

.. ;-3~Da~~g~~~t~[;::~ ~ CD
co
Note that fairly clean copper w ill ever need. In fact, the same tech- In Indiana 317-849-2570 Collect FAX (317)849-8794 CD

...- -152
CIRCLE -ON
-FREE
-- -- - -CARD
INFORMATION .... 73
 niqu es are used to man ufacture in-
tegrated cir cuits to a fraction of a
micron accu racy. Note that there
are 20 m icro ns in a mil.
Wi th t he ph o t o proces ses, a
li ght-sensiti ve etch resist is p laced
on the t horoughly cleaned boa rd.
The resist is fi rst co ntact-printed
from a ph otogr aph ic negat ive and
th en d eveloped . In t he mo st pop- % requi res printed circu it sampler code of figure five
ular n eg ati ve-a c tin g syste ms, 100 100 1X 11 11 showgrid trace20 10 2 am 1 10.75 1- 4.5 I 0.75 1+
those portion s of the resist th at re- 2 16 u 10 5 am 0.75 I 1.5 1- 1.25 10.5 1- 2 10.5 1+ 0.75 u 1.25 1+ 7 4 am
ceive li ght hard en and rem ain; 0.75 1 0.5 1- 0.75 15 5.5 am 1 1+ 1.5 u 5 4.5 am 2 1+ 2 u 2 6.5 am 1.5
tho se that did not will dissol ve o ut. u 73 am 0.5 1- 2.75 I 0.751+ 0.5 u 0.751+ 2 3.5 am 1 110 9 am 0.75 1+
Etchin g is done in th e usual man- 2.75 10.51- 2.75 d 1 16 6.5 am 2.15 d 0.351-1 .1512 1+ 1 156.5 am
ner. 1.5 u 7 2 dip16v 2 3.5 dip8v [{1 10 edgeconu} 1 5) xrpt 3 2 circpad2
Traditional ly, the sp ray-o n ph o- 3 1 circpad2 35.5 feedpad showpage quit
to resist was used, such as a KPR
FIG. 6-A TYPICAL PC-TEST LAYOUT. Note how simple and short the code is. Omit the
product from Kodak . These days, showgrid command to drop out the fine gray view ing grid. Be sure to preface this code
thou gh, it is far simp le r and far with the PostScript routines of Fig. 5.
better t o u se a dry- film ph o -
toresist, such as t he Riston mate- ultra-t hin pall adium p lati ng . El ec- Ver y sim p ly, co p i er or la ser-
rials by DuPont, or any of t he troless cop pe r is t he n built up on prin ter to ne r is o utstanding as an
Lamin ar AX p ro d ucts f ro m t he co nd uctive pall adium to a me- etc h resi st. Tw o d ecade s ago ,
Thiokol. Th o se dry films devel op d i u m thi ckn ess, fo ll owed by a Xerox even had a p rod uct th at di-
in tri sodium ph o sph at e, t he heavy co p pe r pl at in g up to the rectl y printed o n your coppe r PC
garage-floo r cleane r fo u nd at yo ur final wall thi ckn ess need ed. The boa rds f rom a 2 :1 artw o rk original.
local h ardwar e sto re . They are rest of the board is t he n p ro cessed A ways back , a new hacker produ ct
quite resistan t to pinh ol es, elimi- t hro ug h t he usual do ub le -sid ed know n as Meadowla k e did at -
nat e du st and dry in g prob le ms , ph oto graphi c ste ps . Key hacker te mpt an iron -o n to ne r syste m .
have highly visibl e images , and are p rinte d-ci rcuit mis takes are sum- Earl y ve rsio ns of the produ ct
alway s at the ri ght t hi ck ness. O nce mariz ed for yo u in Fig. 2. d idn ' t t u rn o ut reli abl e enough
sensit ized , th e b o ard s must be and lacked stabi lity.
kept dry, c o o l, an d in total Printed-circuit resources But th er e is a b rand new ty pe of
darkness. They also have a one- I've gathe red some of the maj or th ermal -transfer toner now car-
year shelf life. . PC-b oard resources into o u r first ried by severa l laser-p ri nter supp ly
The third most stup id mi stak e side bar, as we 've don e in previ ou s hou ses. Whil e t he to ner is intend-
that hack er s mak e is t ryi ng to use co lum ns fo r oth er to pic s. M ost of ed fo r makin g iron-on T-shirt im-
KPR instead of th e new and infi- the produ cts w e have menti oned ag es, it t ra ns fe rs to c o p pe r
nitely bette r dry film s. Mi st ak e ar e availabl e dire ctly t h ro ug h beautifully and sm udge-free, and
number four, of course, is t rying to those sou rces . is t h us a key secret to the direct-
coat th eir ow n bo ard s in stead of Th e b e st trade jo u r na l f or to ner proc ess. Th ree sources of a
usin g pre-co ated o nes. Excell ent pri nte d ci rcui t s is Circuits Man- t he rma l-t ransfer to ner are Black
dry-film pre- co at ed b o ar d s are u fac turin g. A f ew ot hers are Ligh tnin g , Laz er Produ cts, and
stocked by Kepro. Electronic Pack ag in g and Produc- D on Thompson. Black Lightning
Th e cost of th e dry-fil m resist by tio n, Surface Mount Techn ology, do es offer a f ree samp le. Co st of
itself is around a dolla r per square an d t hei r sister publ ic ati on , th e to ner ranges fro m $90 to $180
foot. Unfortun ately, a fancy lami- Electro nic Ma nufacturing . Be sure per cartrid ge, which translates to a
nator is need ed to bon d t he resist to let me know if t here are ot he r d im e per bo ard. Seve ral of t he
to th e board . I have a hu nch t hat a resources t hat yo u t hink sho uld be ot her new graphics to ne rs sho uld
Kroy Kol or machin e or o ne of it s added to th e li st. also wo rk we l l. Yo u r h elp i s
imitators can be su bstitute d here. need ed in pin n in g d own w h ich
The required te m perature is 234 The direct-ton er metho d ones are acceptable and w hich are
degrees Fah renh eit. Let me know There's a new process on t he not.
if you p ic k up any experie nce b lock for hacker p r inted -c i rc u its Figure 3 summa rizes t he key
alon g t hose lin es. w hic h is rid icu lously sim p le r, fast- toner-transfer ste ps; t hat is fo l-
(j)
o D ou bl e- si d ed p late -thro ugh er, and far cheaper than any of t he low ed by so me detailed instruc-
Z bo ard s often use a co mb inatio n of above. All yo u really nee d is a wo rd t io ns in Fig. 4.
o
0:
I-
processes. Typ icall y, yo u start with processo r and an ir on. Thi s new The best way I'v e fo und to create
oUJ a doubl e-sid ed boa rd . The ho les sche me is k nown as t he direct- ini t i al artwork i s b y u sin g a
--l
UJ are first drill ed , and t he n t hey are to ne r m eth od. And it is new and PostSc ript speaki ng laser p r int er
6 plated t h ro ug h by additive tech - undeveloped eno ug h so t hat yo u and my wo rd processor. In fact , I
o« niqu es. Th e hol es get che m ically mi ght pl ay a major rol e in makin g have a co mp lete package that does
0: activat ed, and th en seede d with an it wo rk and shap ing its f ut u re. ju st t hat for App le, Mac , and IBM
74
 lalli8- 0 0 f:\ ~(Q2
users. Note that the original image
must be a 1:1 reversed positive .
IlellraDil1l OlfDDITUDD~L0~
That means that left is where right
belongs and black is where you
want your foil to remain. Naturally,
since your image is disk-based, it
is easy to change, and super easy
to build up from a library of suit-
able Post-Script dictionary rou-
tines.
The image gets printed, again as
a 1:1 reversed positive, onto a
laser-printable Mylar or polyester
overhead projection sheet. Just SIMPLY SNAP THE WAT-50MINIATURE FM
TRANSMITTER on top of a 9v battery and CABLE TV CONVERTERS AND DE-
for luck, I'll previously apply a very SCRAMBLERS SB-3 $79.00 TRI-BI $95.00
hear every sound in an entire house up to 1
thin coating of MS-136 Heated mile away! Adjustable from 70-130 MHZ. Use MLD-$85.00 M35B $89.00 JRX-DIC $129.00
Mold Release Agent from Miller- with any FM radio. Complete kit $29.95 + Special combos available. We ship COD .
Stephenson. That mayor may not $1.50S+ H. Free shipping on 20rmore! COD Quantity discounts. Call for pricing on other
add $4. Call or send VISA, MC, MO. DECO products. Dealers wanted. FREE CATALOG.
help, but it sure seems like a good We stand behind our products where others
idea, at least for now. It also may INDUSTRIES, Box 607, Bedford Hills, NY
10507. (914) 232-3878 . fail. One year warranty. .ACE PRODUCTS,
be a good idea to anneal or remelt P.O. Box 582, Saco, ME 04072 (207)
the toner for a few seconds in an 967-0726.
oven, after the image is trans- CIRCLE 127 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE 75 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
ferred.
Too much reheating, of course,
would lower the resolution. Al-
though ten-mil lines on twenty-mil
centers should be possible, I'd
stick with double that as an initial #\oO' . , ~,,4

F;'::;~: '
lower limit. ~~:,;~
In theory, you could simply iron
the toner directly onto a pre-
viously super-cleaned PC board.
Instead , I modify the board by
gt~~f~~~"~w~~l~'
GET YOU'fj 'R'ECHARGE CATALOG
sharpening its leading edge, and FREE... EARN BIG $$ IN YOUR SPARE
TIME-All supplies and Do-It-Yourself kits
run it th rough one of the imitation with complete instructions available. Sup -
Kroy Kolor machines we looked at plies cost from $9.95 in qty and you can sell
in Radio-Electronics, November, recharged toner cartridges for $40.00 to
1988. By the way, an improved and $55.00 each. Printers include HP LaserJet
and Series II, Apple LaserWriter, QMS, etc.
economical do-it-you rself version
Canon PC-25 Copier also . CHENESKO
of that beast is in the works here at PRODUCTS, 62 N Coleman Rd., Cen-
Radio-Electronics. tereach, NY 11720, 516-736-7977,
The benefits of the new way are 800-221-3516, Fax: 516-732-4650
obvious. You go from artwork to CIRCLE 153 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
PC prototype amazingly fast. No
cameras, chemistry, screens, or
fancy equipment is needed. With-
CALL NOW
out any fuss or bother. Just print
and etch. And products such as
AND
GoScriptand Freedom of the Press RESERVE
even let you fake PostScript on a
dot-matrix printer, so " no printer"
YOUR SPACE
is no excuse.
The technique could also revo- • 6 x rate $940.00 per each insertion.
• Fast reader service cycle.
lutionize running hacker PC proj- • Short lead time for the placement of THE MODEL WTT-20 IS ONLY THE SIZE OF
ects. You show the PostScript code ads. A DIME, yet transmits both sides of a tele-
in the magazine and offer it down- • We typeset and layout the ad at no phone conversation to any FM radio with
loadable off your BBS. Now, every additional charge . crystal clarity. Telephone line powered - never
needs a battery! Up to Y4 mile range. Adjusta- o
hacker can end up with a precisely m
accurate original , rather than a Call 516-293-3000 to reserve space. Ask ble from 70-130 MHZ. Complete kit $29.95 o
m
th i rd-generation copy.
for Arline Fishman. Limited number of + $1.50 S + H. Free Shipping on 2 or more! s::
pages available. Mail materials to: COD add $4. Call or send VISA, MC, MO. OJ
m
Figure 5 shows some sample mini-ADS, RADIO-ELECTRONICS, 500- DECO INDUSTRIES, Box 607, Bedford JJ
PostScript code from my PC layout B Bi-County Blvd ., Farmingdale, NY Hills, NY 10507. (914) 232-3878. ~

co
stuff, while Fig. 6 shows a simple 11735. ce
co
CIRCLE 127 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
l - -- - -- - - - - -- - - - L . -- --.J 75
 actual layout that you can use to The EC&C Reticon fo lks have Ma in has a un ique catalog of
test out your own version of the three brand new data books out. Hooks, Points, and Teeth. A sharp
direct-toner board method. They are their Image Sensing Prod- outf it fer sure. Tellyawhat. Their
As I said before, this is a brand ucts, Solid State Cameras, and the catalog number twelve is so un-
new techn ique that needs some Ana log Signal Processing Inte- usual, that we'll make us a second
further exp-erimentation to per- grated Circuits. The latter covers contest out of it. Just come up with
fect. So , for ou r first contest this ana log delay lines, sw itched -ca- some off-the-wall use for any of
mo nth, just te ll me anyth ing you pac itor fi lters, and some very the hooks, po ints, or teeth shown .
find out on your own about mak- useful ap -notes . If you want to explore our new
in g a direct -toner PC board. The BU2911 is an interesting new direct-toner hacker PC process
There' ll be t he usual dozen or so melody c hip from Rohm . It pro- further, o r want to draw your own
In credible Secret Money Machine vides a pair of fo lk songs and six first -quality electronic schematic
books for best entries, along w ith differe nt chime and siren sound diagrams, isometric drawings, or
a n a l l-expense-pa id ( FO B effects. Uses? How about some architectural perspective sketches
Thatch e r, AZ) tinaja quest for t he clocks, doorbells, or alarms? Min i- (includi ng all lettering!) using
very best of a ll. Let 's hear from you ature fluorescent lamps from jKL nothing but your favorite word
o n thi s hot new to pic. are offe red in various colors at very processor, check into my
low p rice s ; they also carry EPROM PostScript Show and Tell, that has
New tech literature erasing la mps . scads of working code and de-
The hac ker bu y of t he month has Th e SPI E fo lks have g reat ta iled examp les in it. Available for
to be t he new $3.75 speech syn - bu nches of re p rin t s in vo lvi n g App le, Mac, or IBM, it does need a
t hes ize r ava ilable as stock number nearly everyt hing optica l, a nd PosrScript speaking laser printer
leA from A ll Electro nics. It even covering laser scann ing, CD ROM, (or a softwa re emulator).
inclu d e s a load-power se nsing de- holography, fiber optics, and I-R As always, this is your column
t e ct o r. There is one very tiny detection . Get thei r list numbe r 6. and you can get technical help and
gotcha, though- t he ma in t hing Turning to mechan ical st uff, free off -the-wal l networking per the
the sy nt hesizer has to say is "Your molded-gear samples are obtaina- Need Help? box. The best calling
ice cream is ready." Oh, we ll. b le from Winzeler. And Robert A. times are weekdays 8-5, MST. R-E

PROPERTY CUARD volves the control of animals or as an

continued from page 40 fREQUENCYRESPONSE intruder deterrent. It is always best to
consult with local municipal and state
Jo~
I NP ~T S 4 VO LT , IRMS)
transducer is approximately 40-volts MICRO PHONE D STANC laws before using this device to pro-
18 INCH ~
p-p. Tap 6 may be used for frequencies tect home or property.
below 20 kHz with "on" times no I -- Do not operate at continuous high
.~ r ---."
more than 20 minutes; voltage is ap-
proximately 50-volts p-p. Tap 13 is
intended for intermittent use where
1
II
I
I
V
\ output at frequencies below 20 kHz.
Daily sound pressure exposures in ex-
cess of one hour at 105dB may lead to
"on " times are less than 3 minutes
and the frequency well below 20 kHz.
Those times may be longer when op-
erating at lower frequencies. Never
+ l " , - - hearing impairment. When properly
used, this device provides a limited
liability deterrent. It should not cause
permanent damage or trauma .
allow the transducers to get exces-
sively warm . That completes the test-
ing and adjustment of the system.
1/ - There have been numerous requests
for information on the effect of these
devices on people . First of all, an ul-
500 1000 2000 5000 10000 20000 40000
fREOUENCYIHz)
trasonic device should not be used
Setup unnecessarily on humans, because of
The Phasor Property Guard is capa - FIG. 7-FREQUENCY RESPONSE of the
the possibility of acoustically sen -
piezoelectric transducers.
ble of operating in two modes. Mode sitive people being highly irritated.
I is at a frequency that is known to should be such that they direct their Remember that the Property Guard
produce paranoia, nausea, disorienta- energy to the points of intrusion or cannot stop a person with the same
tion, and many other physiological access . They can be all directed to any effect as a gun , club , or more con-
effects. Mode 2 allows using the sys- target area, or be individ ually placed ventional weapon . It will, however,
tem as an audible alarm to frighten off for multiple effect. produce an extremely uncomfortable,
intruders or warn the user of an intru- The transducers used in this system irritating , and sometimes painful
~ sion. Both modes may be used in are piezoelectric and are many times effect in most people . Although not
z comb ination, and are easily con- more efficient than the electromag- everyone will experience the effect
~ trolled by the user. Three separate netic-type speaker. Their frequency the same degree . Younger women are
t3 jacks provide inputs for a broken trip response is shown in Fig. 7. much more affected than older men,
~ wire or contact foil, a pressure or ac- due to being more acoustically sen-
ow tuating switch, and a posit ive voltage Ultrasonics sitive. The range depends on many
o pulse from other equipment. Ultrasonic is agray area in many variables, but is normally somewhere
«a: The position of the transducers respects when the application in- between 10 and 100 feet. R-E

76
DRAWING
BOARD
Developing and Etching a PC board.
THE MAIN I N G REDI EN T I N MAKI NG If you're wearing po lyester, the developer can run off . Even
good PC boards is consistency. consequences are too horrib le to though the board won't be fully
Once yo u're past the layou t phase , contemp late. So, t he f irst rule fo r developed, mo st of the unwanted
you 're past the creative part. Con- PC board deve lopme nt is: The resist should be loose enough to
verting the graph paper li nes to trays must be made ofglass or met- wash . All the resist, both pattern
copper foi ls is as mechan ical as al or else ! and exces s, should be very soft
fill ing a gas tank . Just follow t he now, so handle the PC board care-
rules , if you know w hat they are. fu lly, or you'll have to scrub the
The only p roble m is, I've ne ver copper clean and start over.
fou nd them wr itten down any- Resist manufacturers all have
where, and be lieve m e , I ' v e suggested methods', from a water
looked! Even the Kodak booklet I spray to dabbing with paper towel.
mentioned last month was vague The latter was told to me by a spray
about the things that were giving can manufacturer, and I still have
me problems. difficulty believing that such stu-
All the information I've give n pid advice would be given . There's
you so far about PC board produc- only one way, wh ich I found after
tion is the result of trial and error. If FIG. 1 conside rable trial and error. Be-
you follow these steps, yo u've got fore you start development, fill a
a re liable method. The only steps Prope rly appl ied resist is much sink or tray with COLD water, un -
left are developing and etchi ng . denser than film emuls ion, and der 70°F (right from a tap), or it
While you mig ht th i nk these deve lopment is roughly log - won 't wash the off the excess. So,
straightforward, there are some arithm ic. W ith fi lm, the image ap- the seco nd rule is: Use only cold
undocumented pro blems here pears fairly quickly, and darkens water and don 't make waves!
also . slowly. The actual rate is ir relevant, Be careful when washing the PC
since you can watch it happen and board; keep it perpendicular to
Developing the board pull the film when it's done. With the water as you dunk it and lift it
By the t ime you 're ready to de- resist, however, you have to re- out, and let the water run off mo-
velop, you may be l u ll ed into a member the chemical react ion mentari ly. DON'Tshake it, and for
false sense of secu rity. After all, it 's rate, because you won't see any- God's sake, DON'T use running
basi cally the same process as de- thing happen on the PC board, water. If you refl ect some light off
veloping lithograph ic fi lm. That making reliable development very it, you should start to see the pat-
was easy, but there was so much difficult. The whole PC board pro- tern appear as the excess is re-
latitude, you couldn't make a se- cess involves many variables, so a moved. Keep dunking it until you
rious mistake without trying reall y problem can be caused by any pre- can see the whole foil pattern . The
hard . Developing copper, how- ceding steps . If the pattern d is- cold water should slowly harden
ever, has unique problems . solves, you can' t tell why. The list the resist on the board so don't
Copper etchant is considerab ly of possible screwups gets longe r wash the board for more than a
more caustic than that for film . It as you go on. Just as with the ear- minute . If you only see a partial
may not exactly be aqua -regia, but lier parts of the process, I finally pattern after a minute of washing,
o
it'll eat through almost any kind of doped out a rel iable approach . the board just need s more de- m
plastic. Guaranteed , if you pour it Put the exposed PC board in the velopm ent. ~
into a plastic film tray, the bottom developer slowly, and gently rock Regardle ss of how the pattern ~
wi ll vanish in 15 seconds, and the the tray at one shake per second looks after a 1-min cold water ~
floor will be ruined; polyurethane for 20 secs. Then , remove the PC wash, develop for about th ir ty sec- <0
and vinyl flooring are plastic, also . board at an angle so the excess onds more. Water and developer ffl
77
 GIFT GUIDE
continued fr om page 53

LIST OF MANUFACTURERS
Bang & Olufsenof America, Inc.
1150 Feehavnille Drive
Mount Prospect, III60056
CIRCLE 25 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

Sharp Electronics Corporation

Sharp Plaza
Mahwah, NJ 07430-2135
CIRCLE26 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

Pioneer Electronics(USA) Inc.

2265E. 220th Street
P.O. Box 1720
l ong Beach, CA 90601-1720
FIG. 2 CIRCLE 27 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

don't mi x, so shake the ,excess ride variety. Videonics

water off the board or just let it air Put the board in a p lastic or glass 1129 Dell Avenue
d ry thoroughly befo re you imme r- tray, NOT METAL, and heat t he Campbell, CA 85008-661
se it in the developer a second etchant to 100°F. Pour it on the PC CIRCLE28 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
time. The water shou ld have hard- board, wait 15 sees, then take t he Thompson Consumer Electronics
ened the resist so shou ld to le rate PC board out wash it. The brief 2000 Clements Bridge
shaking at this point, it 'll probably contact with the etchant should Deptford, NJ 08096
sti ll be too soft to wipe or touch . start t he copper removal. The rea- CIRCLE 29 ON FREEINFORMATION CARD
The second immersion in de- son for pulling it out so quickly is Sony Corporation of America
veloper shou ld eliminate all un- to let you examin e the resist integ- 9 West 57th Street
wanted resist, and when the 30 rity. Th is is the t ime to examine the New York, New York10019
secs is over, repeatthe water wash. pattern for any breaks in the fo ils, CIRCLE 30 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
The pattern should appear much excess resist, etc. Executive Travelware
faster now, and be m uch easier to The fo ils can be repaired the P.O. Box 59387
see, since the copper covered by same way you laid t he patte rn o ut Chicago, IL 60659
the pattern should be totally free on graph paper. Use drafting tape CIRCLE31 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
of resist. Repeat until the pattern is to cover breaks in the fo ils, and
Bose Corporation
cl ear. The hardest part is knowing scrape away excess resist w ith an The Mountain
when t he copper is free of all ex- X-acto knife. When the pattern is Framingham, Massachusetts 01701
cess resist and developer. The dif- right, put the board back in the . CIRCLE32 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
ference in appearance between etchant and rock the tray gently.
Parsec
cl ean and coated co pper is fairly Don't be violent about it because 400 W. 9th St.
evident, as in Fig. 1. Clean copper you don't want to spi ll that stuff; Wilmington, DE 19801
is reddish, and coated copper cleaning it's a big job . We're not 302-651-9189
whitish . You'll understand when talking the Exxo n Vald iz here, but CIRCLE 33 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
you see it . it'd still be pretty bad .
NeutrikUSA
The t ime needed depen ds on 1600Malone Street
Etching the board the etchant type, the amount, the Millville, NJ 08332
Once developing and washing is number of times you 've used it be- CIRCLE 34 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
done, let the resist harden fo r 15 fore, how much copper is in-
Atari (u.S.) Corporation
mins before dumping the PC vo lved, the temperat ure , and how 1196 Borregas Avenue
board in t he etchant. The etchant the board is agitated; however, P.O. Box 3427
will d issolve metal, as qu ickly as you shou ldn't need over a half Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3427
t he developer wi ll plastic. A ll stan- hour to finish. You'll have to keep CIRCLE35 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
dard etchants like ferric chloride pulling the PC board out to chec k
Jameco Electronics
and ammonium persulfate will dis - it for foil breaks and excess resist , 1355Shoreway Road
solve metal. There are so me ex- repairing with the drafting tape Belmont, California 94002
ceptions, like stainless stee l, but and X-acto knife . Most PC boards CIRCLE 36 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
~ don 't experiment . Remember, the need wo rk as they 're being
LaserGoInc.
z secret to success in this is con - etch ed , but if you get something 9235 Trade Place, Suite A
~ sistency; find a way t hat works and Fig. 2, it's.shot. San Diego, CA 92126
I-
o keep 'it . We 've now reached the Etchant has limited life, since the CIRCLE37 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
lJ.J
u:J t hird rule of board making: Use etched copper combines w ith the
o only plastic or glass trays for the etchant chloride to give cupric chlo- of the popular sizes of motherboards
~ etchant! It stains just about any- ride . When it gets black, it's satu- up through new 386 boards, but it has
a:: thing, espec ially the ferric chlo- rated and must be dumped . R-E continued on page 88
78
 DIGITAL VIDEO STABILIZER
ELIMINATES ALL VIDEO COPY
PROTECTIONS
,
~

,,",r '\
.'.
P- 0 0 ..

PC SERVICE Wh ile w at c hi n g re nt a l
movies, you will notice an-
noy ing period ic c o l or
darkenl~, color shift, un-
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jagged edges . This is
caused by the copy protec-
tion jamming signal s em-
bedded in the VIdeo tape,
WARNING:
SCO
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RXII dealers do
not encourage
such as Macrovision co py
protection . Digit al Video
people to use
Stabilizer: RXlI completely the Digital
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CKT 0()
and brings you crystal clear
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to durlicate
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~ ~:;:;J'\
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or copyrighted
... O • State-of-the-art In- video tapes,
tegrated circuit technol-
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• ~ automatic · no tended to stabi-
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troub lesome adjust- lize and restore

ff1;t~
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• The best and most excit-
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the market
• Ught weight (8 ounces)
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I
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: ~.:.ut:~~~~~ ~iC~X
battery which will last 1-
( Dealers Welcome)

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- - - - - 3 INCHES - - ---·1 Money Back Guarantee, Save on Quality Test

Equipment & Closeouts. Free Literature.
Salen Enterprises, Ltd.
OJ
rn
:D
CD
co
COLOR CONVERTER SOLDER SIDE. P.O. Box 915, Morton Grove, IL 60053 CD
Area Code 312·465-1424

CIRCLE 159 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

 . . . - - - - - - - 5 ' V , s I N C H E S - - - - - - - -~I
.
VIDEO SCENE SWITCHER BOARD.

(/)
o
Z
oa:
f-
oUJ
...J
UJ
~ 1..-·- - - - - - - -
ri VIDEO SCENE SWITCHER BOARD.

80
 PUiEilD'GESi
RGB-to-IYTSC EDITOR'S
COlYVERTER WORK~•BJ .
•
High-quality computer video on your TV- for peanuts! BENCH ® . =~~
ROBIN BEK JEFF HOLTZMAN
a ve you been searching for a ing from white (all signals on) to
H low-cost alternative to a
$300 color monitor? Or would
b lack (all signals off). Because
there are three signals, and each
[wondering about Wmdows?
you like to run your flight sim- may assume only two values,
ulator on a big-screen TV? Great there are 2 3 possible combina-
idea, but there are problems . Per- tions, or eight colors. h e Graphical Interface
sonal computers deliver digital
signals that tell the TV when to
On the other hand, TV's gener-
ally expect a composite NTSC
T User
(GUll. once relegated to ex-
pensive engineering worksta-
turn the red, green, and blue (National Television Standards tions or to toys like the early
guns in the CRT off and on. But Committee) video signal, which, Macintosh, is gaining wider and
TV's expect an analog signal that as the name suggests, combines wider acceptance from the PC
is a combination of the three the three RGB signals, an audio community. There are two com-
color signals, the audio signal, signal, sync signals (and possibly plementary reasons for the in-
horizontal and vertical sync others as well) into a single com- creasing popularity. First is that
pulses, and other things as well. posite s ignal. hardware has evolved to the
Even so, there's an easy (Le., The advantage of composite point where we can buy comput-
inexpensive) way of cutting your video is that instead of using five ers with enough computing
cake and eating it too. Our RGB- wires, you use just one. The dis- horsepower and memory to han-
to -NTS C color converter is easy to advantage of a single wire is loss dle the greedy demands of GUI's.
build, costs less than $30, and is of fidelity and increased circuit Second is that some, b ut by no
easy to tune using only a color TV complexity. Fortunately, though, means all, of the necessary soft-
and a voltmeter. The circuit was converting the two radically dif- ware is coming to market. The
designed specifically for the Atari ferent signal systems is relatively central hub from which those
ST, but it could be used with any easy (and inexpensive), thanks to software elements radiate is Mi-
computer that delivers standard modern technology. crosoft's famous (or infamous)
RGB video. Also, the circuit could Our circuit is built around product, Windows, shipments of
be adapted to RGB -to-PAL opera- Motorola's single-IC solution to which have surpassed the two
tion for use with European PC's. the problem , the MC1377. The million mark.
circuit is easy to build and tune; On the surface, Windows bears
Theory of operation you really don't even need a scope a strong resemblance to environ-
The problem with interfacing a unless you run into problems. ments like that provided by the
computer to a TV is that the two However, you will need a volt- Mac, by Steve Jobs' NeXT com-
use two totally different types of meter to verify the supply voltage puter, and similar products. That
video systems. Computers typ- and several test points. surface resemblance is so strong,
ically deliver RGB video, which is in fact , that Apple's legal corps
composed of separate digital sig- How it works decided to sue Microsoft, even
nals corresponding to the red, The MC1377 is a 20-pin IC. As though Apple could no more
green, and blue guns in a color shown in Fig. 1, pins 3, 4, and 5 claim to have invented the GUI ~
TV tube. In an RGB system, each accept the incoming RGB sig- than the cheeseburger. For- o
m
signal is either on or off. Hence nals, which are separated into tunately, common sense seems to ~
there is a certain number of com- chrominance (color) and lumi- be winning out; the presiding gJ
binations of on and off signals nance (intensity ) information . judge has dismissed all but a few ~
wh ich correspond to colors rang- co ntin ued on page 85 of Apple's claims. 115

81
 So what is it about Windows
that would make anyone even
think of a resemblance between
it and the Mac? And why do I say
that the resemblance is at best
only skin deep?
The points of resemblance are
pretty obvious . Both Windows
and the Macintosh Finder pro-
gram present information to the
user in a bit-mapped format . The 386 2.10
user rolls a mouse about the 3.30
4.0
desktop to select items from
640 x 450
menus; those menu items initi-
ate actions such as loading and 1520 EtlS Henory Rvailable
saving files, etc. In addition, 447 Conventional Henory Rvailable
those menu items function pret- 366 HIS Henory Portion
ty much the same from program 81 Hon-EMS Por.tion
to program, so that once you
learn how to use one, you know
them all-in theory, anyway.
The real differences between
Windows and the Mac are slightly FIG.l
more subtle. The Mac, on the one
hand, was designed around a shell (like what you see for the Because they're add-ons, how-
single coherent philosophy that Mac) for Windows. What you use ever, these products (all of which I
dictated nearly everything about to work with Windows is some- have tested) tend to be buggy and
the system . With the original thing called the MS-DOS Ex- memory hungry. My personal fa-
Macs, software designers didn't ecutive, which provides a very vorite is a $20 shareware prod-
have to worry about half a dozen crude way oflaunching programs ucts called Command Post
or more video standards, half a and maintaining disk files . Com- (shown in Ftg.T, and available on
dozen or more mouse protocols, parison with any decent DOS the RE-BBS at 516-293-2283,
and hundreds and hundreds of shell (X-tree, Norton Com- 300/1200, 8Nl). With it you can
printers . Originally there was mander, etc.) will show you why I customize your version of Win-
one video standard, one mouse, say crude. dows, adding your own menus
one keyboard, and one printer. At bottom you can think of the and items to the Windows en-
Gradually, more and more op- Mac as a fine piece of finished vironment. Command Post won't
tions have appeared, but they furniture, and of Windows as a make a Mac out of your PC, but it
have been smoothly integrated stain-it-yourself piece from the does make certain common Win-
into an overall architecture. bare-woods factory. Certainly, dows operations much easier.
Windows, on the other hand, with care, you can sand it, stain
was designed from the beginning it, varnish it, and polish it. But in Using Windows
as a compromise between multi- the end you may not end up with Before proceeding, it might be
ple competing philosophies, and the kind of product you really useful to discuss why you'd even
the effects of that compromise wanted. want to use Windows. Up until
show up in Windows' famously To be fair, Microsoft is working very recently, there were really
laggard performance, difficulty of on a new version of Windows only three reasons to ever use
installation, and difficulty of use (3.0) that should be out before Windows:
(more on that in a moment). the end of the year, and it should • Designer (Micrografx), a CAD-
When you have to support every- add a decent user interface (that, like drawing program that is sim-
thing from CGA to one-megabit by the way, is rumored to bear a ply ajoy to use; see Editor's Work-
pixel monitors, it's not surpris- very strong resemblance to the bench, March 1989.
ing that your video drivers aren't forthcoming version of the OS/2 • Excel (Microsoft), a
optimal. Presentation Manager). In the spreadsheet that greatly sur-
Why is Windows difficult to four years that have passed since passed 1-2-3 in its ability to print
use? Doesn't Windows work with Windows was introduced , how- nicely, and in its ability to consol-
(J)
o a mouse, present bit-mapped 'ever, at least four companies have idate worksheets.
Z graphics, and use drop-down introduced their own products • PageMaker (Aldus), the origi-
o
a:
t-
menus, dialogue boxes, and the that attempt to correct that user nal desktop-publishing program.
O
W
other hallmarks of the GUI? interface problem, and IBM has However, Samna Corporation
-l
W Because of the necessity of even given several of these prod- has introduced a word processor
6 supporting so many underlying ucts semi-official endorsements (Ami) for Windows, Crosstalk has
o« types of hardware, Microsoft nev- by including them in sales and likewise introduced a communi-
a: er got around to building a slick educational promotions. cations program, and Microsoft
82
 Rates: Ads are 2W' x 2%", Oneinsertion $950. Sixinsertions $925.each.Twelve
insertions $895. each. Closing date same as regular rate card. Send order with
R-E Computer Admart remittance to Computer Admart, Radio Electronics Magazine, 500-B Bi-Gounty
Blvd., Farmingdale, NY11735. Direct telephoneinquiries to Arline Fishman, area
code-516-293-3000. Only 100%Computer ads are accepted for thisAdmart. '

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CIRCLE 61 ONFREE INFORMATION CARD

is readying a version of Word for Video hardware is another area fonts from two different man-
Windows that is due out by the that is painful to deal with. On ufacturers , and eventually had to
end of th e year. The point is that the one hand, you want as much settle for using the system at VGA
Windows is rapidly approaching resolution as you can get. On the level. Even at that level, some spe-
critical mass-even more rapidly other, you don't want to wait half cial symbols appeared on-screen
th a n OS/2 , to IBM's chagrin. an hour each time the screen is differently than on paper. In addi-
Even if you're not specifically redrawn-which means every tion , some text simply did not
in teres ted in one of those Win- time anything happens . I've print on paper where it appeared
do ws applications, but are curi- worked with Windows on every on screen, which required sev-
ous about where PC technology is IBM standard video system eral iterations of the "print, in-
headed, you should get a copy of (CGA, EGA, and VGA), and none spect, edit, print, inspect, edit"
Windows and play around with it of them are good enough for pro- process . And don't even think
long enough t o see what its fessional day-to-day work . For about getting a decent printout
s tr ength s are-and also its weak- professional use, the 800 x 600 when composing a document for
nesses. Super VGA (SVGA) offers the best one printer and printing it on an-
compromise between screen res- other. So much for WYSIWYG.
Problems with Windows olution, display speed, and cost. A related problem is a software
The biggest problem with Win- On the other hand, for occasional package that I use to capture
dows is the difficulty you have in use, Hercules monochrome or graphics screens and either print
upgrading hardware . Whenever monochrome VGA work nicely, them on a LaserJet or include in
you ch ange your memory, video es pecially if your final output is a desktop publishing file . The
set u p, or mouse, you must re-in- in monochrome. program translates screen colors
stall the entire Windows package. However, if you're considering in to various shades of gray in a
When you do, a text file called a SVGA system for professional quit e attractive manner. The
WIN.INI , which functions like u s e , make sure that it is compati- problem is that it supports only
CONFIG .SYS does for DOS, is ble w ith you r software. Yes, I standard video mode s , not
ove rwr itten by a virgin copy from know that the whole purpose be- SVGA. Part of the reason is that
the in stall ati on disk. Con - hind Windows is to provide de- there is no real s t a n d a r d for
sequently, valuable se tu p infor- vice-independence, so software SVGA; several manufacturers
mation may be lost during a re- designers (not to mention end- have implemented bit and color
installation. A technician on Mi- u sers!) don't have to worry about planes in different ways, a n d
cros oft's Windows help line told the hardware. In practice, how- small software outfits can't afford
me he includes a line in his AU- ever, it doesn't work out that way, to s u ppor t them all. Meanwhile, o
TOEXEC.BAT fil e that copies particularly in the area of screen an industry gro u p (VESA, h ead- m
o
WIN.INI to a safe location every fonts. . ed up by NEC) has begun trying m
tim e he boots. I could have saved
s:
For example, in s etting up a to define an SVGA standard. But OJ
m
myself a great deal of h eartache desktop publishing system based what ab ou t all the cards sold un- JJ
on a recent job if I had thought of on SVGA video and an HP Laser- til the standard emerges-if in- co
CD
that trick on my own. J et II, I had trouble installing deed it does ? co

83
 Memory woes pen . There are rumors that an ex ist yet, and rather t han co m -
Depending on wh eth er you upcoming 386-specific version of plain about how far s hort curren t
have a 286 or a 386 processor. OS /2 PM will run Windows ap- systems fall from the goal, we
you buy a different vers ion of plications as-is. That's an in - should look back ten years a n d
Windows . However. in my case. I tr ig l~ing possibility, but almost see how far we 've come. An edi -
ended up running the 286 ver- certainly one that will not be real- torial of that time expressed cer-
sion on a 386. because the SVGA ized in the near future . So it tainty that 16- b it mi c r o-
adapter did not come with a 386 seems that DOS, Windows, and processors wo uld never catc h on
software driver--only a 286 ver- OS /2 a re each going to have their because most people u s ed p er-
sion . In addition, after the font own market niches . sonal computers for text process-
fiasco , I ended up running the Ultimately, OS /2 would be the ing, and eight b it s a re enough to
system in VGA mode anyway,
which would have allowed me to
use Windows/386-if I felt like in -
better solution, because it offers
built-in support for many prob-
lems facing Windows users
sary information I,m.
adequately represent the n eces-

stalling (and transferring) the (memory management and low-

setup information in WIN.INI yet level device-driver support). How-
again. ever, as few good Windows ap-
In theory, Windows/386 plications as we have, there are
sounds great: it will let you run even fewer for OS /2 . Again,
even ill-behaved standard DOS though, that 's rumored to
applications (i.e. , most DOS pro- change during 1990, as versions
grams of consequence) in sepa- of Ventura and PageMaker and
r ate on-screen windows . How- other programs are released.
ever, Windows/386 won 't load At bottom, you've got to look at
with 386MAX loaded, because the problem of system configura-
b oth switch into protected mode tion as an ongomg issue that's
to m a n a ge memory, and you can not likely to settle down in the
ru n only one protected-mode pro- near future . The point is to find a
gram at a time. So you can either compromise that seems as
p lay tricks loading different though it will remain stable for
CONFIG .SYS files, or stick with
Windows/286 .
awhile-a year or two at best. And
try not to lock yourself into pro-
INew from Microsoft
Another complaint regards Mi- prietary solutions that could .be -
crosoft's doc umentation, es- come obsolete as new standards programmers and would-be
p ec ia lly that "explaining" in -
stallation trade -offs (how to
emerge .
In the ideal world, the Ultimate
C C programmers will wan t to
check out Sta ndard C. by P. J.
a llocate memory, for example). PC w ou ld have unlimited re - Plauger and J im Br od ie. This
Part of the problem is that the sources , would be extremely concise . inexpensive (less than
docu m en ta t ion hasn't been up- powerful, and yet would be easy $10) book is a reference for the
dated in two or three years; let's to operate. That machine doesn't newly approved ANSI s tan dar d
hope it is in 3 .0! for the la n gua ge. It's not a tu-
Given the amount of trouble I torial but a reference t o thos e
h ad setting up that system, why ITEMS DISCUSSED p rintj for mat specifiers you can
not stop fighting and switch to a • Standard C ($7.95), P. J. never remem ber, as well as t he
Mac? Hardware cost is one big Plauger a n d J im Brodie, Micro- hundreds of other ele m en ts of
reason. A 20-MB hard disk for s oft Pres s, 16011 NE 36th Way, the language. The authors poin t
the Mac still costs almost twice B ox 970 17, R edmond, WA out that although Standard C is
what a PC drive costs, and larger 9807 3 -9 717. (206) 88 2-8080. an historical developm ent of the
capacity drives are even more ex- CIRCLE 46 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD C language, it s hou ld be t reated
pensive. There's a lso t h e ques- as an essentially n ew language by
tion of selection. With the PC, I've • Mic rosoft M ouse Program - programmers fa miliar w it h pre-
got lots of choices for CPU, mem- m ers Ref e re n ce ($ 29.95), Mi- vious versions.
ory, video, and printer. And even c rosoft Pres s , 16011 NE 36th Microsoft Mouse Program mer's
though I complain about how Way. Box 97 0 17 , Redmond, WA Reference contains reference in-
t hose choices adversely a ffe ct 980 73-9 7 17. (206) 882-8080. formation for program mers
CIRCLE 47 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Windows' performance and set- building menu-based mouse in -
i3 up rou ti n es, I'd rather be able to
• Comman d Post ($ 20 for li-
terfaces for text-mode programs ,
Z make my own decisions. as well as graphics s upport . Th e
ce nse, $ 5 fo r di s k. $1 0 for
~ One standard to watch is the book contains numerous tes t
pr int ed do cum en t a tion),
oI- OS/2 Presentation Manager. For a programs. and two dis k s con-
Wilson WindowWare. 33 77 59th
~ wh ile it s eemed that Windows taining object code libraries a n d
w SW, Seattle. WA 9 8116. (206)
6 would gradually be phased out as 937-9335.
sample programs in various la n -
~
a:
OS/2 PM gained popularity. Now
it's not at all clear what will hap-
CIRCLE 48 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
,m.
guages (BASIC, C, Pascal, etc .).

84
 RGB TO NTSC
continued from page 81 17 16
The chrominanc e (R - Y and XTALl CJ C1 R7 C13..,...
3.58MHz .1 ..J..
B - Y) s ign als drive two double- 220pF 18
1
51 .1K
b alanced modulator s that are 90 ° R8
C3 C2 75!l J1
out of phase. The resulting s ig- 5-55pF '1' 220pF 15 X C12
9 '::" .001 y, W OUTPUT
nals are then com bin ed in a chro-
ma amplifier and bandwidth-re- 3 IC1
RED 0 - -- - - - - ---''-1
duced by an external bandpass GREEN
MC1377
4
transformer. 0-- - - - -- -'-1
The luminance signal (- Y) is BLUE,o--- - - - ---"-j5 R5
1.2K
fed through an external delay line ±j 2Vo-- - - . 14
---''-'-f
before being combined with the
HORIZ
chrominance signal. A composite C7
sync si gnal is obtained by com- 13
.1
bining the horizontal and ver- 10
tical sync s ig n a ls before they 2
enter th e MC1 377 . Figure 2
shows th e com p le t e s che mat ic
diagram of the circuit. The power C8
.1
supply is not critical; the circu it Cll
shown in Fig. 3 will suffice. .01

Construction
Because of the high frequen-
cies involved, we recommend use Fig . 2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM qI th e RGB INTS C COTlverte r.
of a PC board. Patterns are shown
in PC Service; a kit is also avail- possible to the associated pins of readily available, but C13 and R7
able , as mentioned in the Parts ICl. In addition, make sure that are critical. Those two compo-
List. Ifyou use a PC board, Fig. 4 . the trimmer capacitor (C3) is nents set the timing for the color-
shows wh ere to mount the com- mounted firmly and is accessible burst s ignal at pin 1 ofICl. If they
ponents. for adjustments. Mount LEDI so are off by as liWe a s 5 %, bye-bye
Whatever your construction that it is visible when the unit is color. Therefore, you should use a
method, place the components powered up. 2%20polypropylene capacitor for
(especiallyTl and IC2) as close as Most of the components are C13 and a 1% metal-film resistor

VOLTAGE
CONTRO LLED OSC/BUFFER
90° MC1377

90°
REO

CO LOR
GREEN OIFFERENCE
RGB NTSC
ANO
INPUTS LUMINANCE OUTPUT
BLUE MATRIX

BUR ST
GATE
SYNC ORIVE R
-"- - - - ---
INPUTS RAMP
GENERATOR

o
m
o
m
'5:
CD
m
:0
CD
Fig. 1 BWCK D IA GRAM OF TH E CONVERTER IC . a M ot orola M C1377. co
CD

85
 Parts List
Resistors _ C16 220 0 JJ.F. 25-volt T2 120!l2-voItAC
A ll resistors a re 'I~ - wa lt . 5 %. unless electrol y tic tran~ormer
ot he rw ise not ed . C17 1 jJ.F. 16-vol t 81 SPST power
Rl 1000 oh ms elect rol y tic switch (120 VAC)
R2 5100 oh m s Fl 1j~-a mp. 250·volt
Semiconductors _
R3 3300 oh m s f use
R4 220 ohms ICI MC 1377 RGB to Jl Vi deo output
R5 , R6 1200 ohms NTSC converter co n nector (see text)
R7 51. 100 ohms. IC2 D L 12240lD-1533 J2 Female MIDI
metalfi 1m. 1% d e lay line (TDK) con nector (op t/ o naI 5-pin DIN)
R8 75 oh ms . 'I2· w a tt IC3 CD4049 i nverti ng
h ex b uffer (opt io na l. see Fig . 7) Miscellaneous _
R9 680 oh ms
IC4 LM78 12 12- volt PC board. ca b i net . 5 9- ohm ca ble. line
Capacitors _ regulator cord. RF m odu la tor (option a l). etc.
Dl 1N523 7 8- volt
Cl, C2 220 pF disc Z en er diod e (optional. see Fi g. 7) Note:
C3 5- 55 p F trimm er D2-D5 1N4002 diod e Th e jolowing ite ms are availablejrom
C4 62 pF disc RGB . 32 Wilson Ave. . n-umbull. CT.
91, 92 2N2222 NPN
06611. (2 03) 374 -7634. leave a
C5 100 p F d isc tra nsistor
m essa ge if no answer: Complete kit oj
C6 001 jJ.Fd isc LEDI Pan el -m ount LED p a rts includi ng A tari vi deo con nec to r.
C7-C9, C13 0 .1 jJ.F d isc $29.95: PC board on l y. $ 10.00 . All
ClO, Cll, C15 , C18 0.01 jJ.Fdisc Other components _ orders add $2 .50 postage and
C12 001 jJ.F XTALI 3 .58MHz (for PAL h andling. Con nectic u t reside nts please
po lypropylene. 2 % use 4.43 MHz) includ e sa les tax.
C14 10 JJ.F. 25 -volt Tl 166NNF-10264AG
electrolytic bandpass tra nsjormer (TOK O)

ca re fu lly a n d correct any mis-

lN4002(4)
takes. Then apply power to the
Sl circuit. making sure polarity is
POWER + 12V
o correct. Upon power-up, LED1
II should light. Measure the voltage
at pin 9 ; it s h ou ld be + 3-volts
+
C18 DC , and pin 16 should be +8.2
.01 volts. If th e LED doesn't light or
thos e voltages are incorrect, go
back and check your connec-
Fig. 3 POWER SUPPLYIor th e- converter.
tions.

Hooking up
The most difficult part of the
project is the hook-up to the com-
puter. And that's not very diffi-
cult. Just don 't forget to route the
audio signal from the computer
to the monitor.
The output of the converter
s h ou ld b e routed with RG59 coax
cable a n d terminated with a male
RCA co n nector (depending on
yo u r te le v is io n) . If your TV
do esn't have au d io and video in-
pu ts , you can feed th e vid eo out-
put of the converter into one of
thos e cheap (preferably less than
$5) RF modulators, and connect
W n it to you r TV's antenna inputs.
U i
Z ~ Pinout information for th e
o Atari ST is s h own in Fig. 5. To
g: Fig . 4 INS TALL ALL COMPONENTS as shown here.
con nect the cir cu it to an IBM
U
~ for R7. If you have access to a th e circuit to the cor rect frequ en - CGA circu it , you must invert the
w
6 scope, you can use a potentiome- cy. syn c si gnals. A simple way to do
o ter in s eries with R7, a n in exp en- After soldering all com ponen ts that is shown in Fig. 6 -a; the IBM
<l:
a: stve capacitor for C13, and tune to the board, check you r work vid eo pinout is shown in Fig. 6-b .
86
 PIN 1AUDIO OUT P1 17 and adjust C3 u n t il the coun- :r------------------~-------,
BUILD-IT BOOKS
te r reads 3.579545 MHz. Without
PIN 2 N/A
PIN 3 N/A 4 a counter. use a computer image
: FOR EXPERIMENTERS
I
PIN 4 N/A
PIN 5 N/A 5 8 of known color. For example, the I
o BP106-modern op-
PIN 6 GRE EN E3 9 12 bootup screen of the Atari is a amp projects ..... $5.75.
PIN 7 RED E2 Wide range of build-lt proj-
PIN 8 N/A
bright green. Adjust C3 till you ects t hat use op -a mps .
13
PIN 9 HORIZONTAL ob tain that colo r. Easy to build board layouts
provided for most. A variety
SYNC E6 of projects of all kinds are
PIN 10 BLU EE4 AS VIEWED
PIN 11 N/A FROM TH E
Troub leshooting included.

PIN 12 VERTICA L REAR OF THE There are two things to watch

SYNC E7 COMP UTER out for : o RADIO-l00 RAD IO
HOOKUPS .....$3.00. Re-
PIN 13 GROUND E1 No image . Check the power cen t repr int of th is 1924
supply, Ql, Q2, and connectors. booklet. Presents radio cir-
Fig. 5 VIDEO OUTPUT conn ector of the
cults of the era including re-
Atari S1'. If you have a scope, check pin 2 of generative, neutrodyne. re-
flex and more.

+ 12V
01
5 4 3 2 1 o BP44 - IC 555 PROJ -

HORIZONTAL
8V
TO
HOR IZONTAL
\00000000/ ECTS ..... $5.95. Included
are basic and general timer
circuits. aut omobi le and
9 8 7 6 mode l ra ilroad circ ui ts.
PIN 818M INPUT alarms and noise makers.
PIN1 -GND as well as a section on 556.
PIN2-GND 558, and 559 timers.
IC3 TO PIN3-RED
VERTICAL 4049 VERTICAL PIN4-GREEN
PIN 9 1BM 4 INPUT PIN5-BLUE
PIN6-N .A. o #17-WIRELESSCAT-
PIN7-N.A. A LOG Circa 1916 .....
$3. 00. Historical reprint
PIN8-HORI Z SY NC shows products like the Ra-

4&>_.
PIN 9-VERT SYNC dioson Detector. vario Se-
IBM OUTPUT lecti ve Coupler, Sending
Helix. Spark Coils and more
CGA
~ - '- - ~
a b - - - - _.....
~

Fig . 6 USE THIS CIRCUIT FOR AN IBM CGA v ideo system . The gates i nvert the sy nc
li n es . o BP5~2ND BOOK OF
CMOS PROJECTS .. ...
MAX 8.2V ICI for the waveform shown in $5.50 Still more waysto use
MIN 1.7V these ve rsat ile dev ices .
Fig.7-a. None of these projects over-
MAX 0.9V Image but no color. Check lap those in book #224 .
The pair make a wonderful
OV -,- pins 3, 4, and 5 of ICI to make circuit reference set.
MIN -Io.5v sure that all three of the RGB sig-
nals a re getting through. Check
/ i L /:\
j m- L- -i
pin I of ICI fo r the waveform
shown in Fig . 7-b. If adjusting Cl
has no effect, then the RC net-
work R7/C 13 is out of tolerance.
Either replace C13 with a more
o BP112-A Z-80 WORK-
SHOP MANUAL ....•$6.95.
Har dware de ta ils of the
Z-BO, mach ine-code and
assemb ly-lang uage pro-
gramming for those what
accu rate capacitor or place a want to go beyond BASIC.
-·- 6~5 tJ.s -- . : - -- - trimmer potentiometer in series
~,I b h II~---
with R7, and adjust the trimmer
u n til the waveform is correct .
J l

Fig .7WAVEFORMSOFAPROPERLYOP-
ERATING CONVERTER. At (a ) is the s ig-
oJ

nal at p in 2; at (b) . the sig na l at p in 1.

l
Good luck and enjoy your new
computer-TV screen .• m. 'Q
MAIL TO: Eleclronic Technology Today, Inc.
P.O. Box 240
MassapequaPark. NY 11762-0240
SHIPPING CHARGES INUSA AND CANADA
~.
<l • $0.0110 $5.00 $1.25 $30.01 10 $40.00 $5.00
Turn on your computer and the $5.011010.00 $2.00 $40.01 10 $50.00 $6.00
converter, and place your TV in $10.01 10 $20.00 $3.00 $50.01 and above $7.50
the monitor mode (or on channel $20.01 to $30.00 $4.00
SORRY, No orders accepted outside ofUSA and
3 if you're using an RF modu- Canada
lator ). You should see a computer
Total price of merchandise . . . . . $ _
image on the screen. If you don't, Shipping(see chart) $ _ o
go back and check your connec- Subtotal $ _ m
o
Sales Tax (NYS only) $ _
tions again, especially the sync m
ctrcutt (Q120and Q2 ).
TotalEnclosed $ _ s:
IJJ
Name _ m
There are two ways to adjust Address _
JJ
the converter. If you have a fre- "Runfor your lives! Its memory is expand- City State .Zip _
quency co unter, connect it to pin ing again! " L__________________________ CD
co
CD

87
 AUDIO UPDATE GIFT GUIDE
continued from page 67 continu ed from pa ge 78
recent Stereo Review 'evaluat io ns
used both test signals and music.
One particular test-disc si~nal
proved particularly revealing:
When listening to it, everyone of
Earn up to
the evaluators was able to dis-
<, Q) I II :~~ :'o~:t'
tinguish each of the six players
~0O~P===:-:::iI 6 available drive bays that are accessi-

~
., J!!!="'iSle-
- 0 .S;W =--"-\ from all other players! The signal is ble from the front of the case. Now we
; ~- • Learn at home in spare time. on track 20 of the CBS CD-1 test can have two floppy drives, a tape
~[~ No previo us experience needed!
.-/-;.J.. I n disc and is a SOO-Hz dithered tone backup drive, a half-height CD ROM
No costly School. No com m u ting to class.
The Original Home-Study co~rse p~e­ that' fades from - 60 to approxi- drive, and two hard disks without jug-
pares you for the "~.CC ~ommercIaI~adlO­ mately -120 dB . When reproduc- gling them in and out of the machine.
telephone License . This valuable license ing the lowest levels of that.signal, The case, complete with a 250-watt
is your "ticket" to thousand~ of exci.ting and listened to at full gain, the
jobs in Communications. Radio-TV, MICro- power supply sells for $299 .
wave. Computers. Radar. Avionics and players produced degr~es an?
morel. You don't need a college degree to types of distortion and nOl~e s.u~fl­ • Math Co-processor
qualify. but you do need an FCC License. dent to allow almost 100% individ- While computer buyers are always
No Need to Quit Your Job or Go To School ual identifications duringABX test-
This proven course is easy. fast and low interested in speed, most people don't
cost! GUARANTEED PASS - Youget your ing. . take full advantage of the machines
FCC License or money refunded . Send for The dithered SOO-Hz test signal they have. If you know someone who
FREE facts now. MAIL COUPON TODAY! was specifically designed to reveal has an empty math co-processor sock-
f -coriim.inli -PRODUCTIOnS--1 very low-level linearity 'pro?le~s
in D/A converters-which It did
et, then you might consider a math co-
I FCC LICENSE TRAINING, Dept . : processor such as Intel's 8087 or
I P.O. Box 2824, San Francisco, CA 94126 I very effectively. However, I would 80287. For people whose software re-
: Please rush F R E E details immediately! : suggest that the re is a sample-to- quires heavy calaulations -
I NAME I sample variability in the D/A-con- spreadsheets, graphics, engineering
I ADDRESS I
L
I CITY STATE_ _ ZIP _ __ J verter chips used in even top-of- software and the like-no other ac-
the-line players that makes it hard cessory will have as much impact on
to correlate any particular player's their overall computer operation as
price and design with ultimate per- the addition of a math co-processor.
formance . The cost of a co-processor ranges
from about $89 for a slow 8087 up to
The sound of music $240 for a lO-MHz 80287.
For anyone who has worked
with both test signals and music in • PostScript Interpreter
making audio evaluations, it wi!1 When discussing the future of
come as no surprise that the rnusi- graphics printing , you won't get too
cal part of the listening tests many arguments if you suggest that
proved to be very difficult. Even the PostScript language is the way to
those players that were easily iden- go . Unfortunately, it doesn't come
tified with the dithered test signal cheap . But GoScript, a new
more-or-Iess sonically merged PostScript interpreter, gives
with the crowd on music tests. The PostScript compatibility to a number
statistical test results indicate that of common and inexpensive printers .
under carefully controlled test It allows page-makeup and word-pro-
conditions using the finest avail- cessing programs to be used to their
able audio equipment in an acous- full advantage . It's also an excellent
tically designed listening roo~, way to learn PostScript programming .
some critical listeners can hear dif- GoScript features up to 35 fonts that
ferences on some music some of can be scaled to any size, and rotated
the time. And .even then, I suspect to any angle. GoScript certainly can 't
(/) that the perceived differences replace a PostScript-compatible laser
o stem from D/A quality-control
z problems (or lack of same) rather
printer, but at $195, it a good way to
~ get your money's worth out of an inex-
f- than from specific design config- pensive printer.
ol1.J R-E
...J
urations in the player mechanism
l1.J or circuitry.
6 So what's the bottom line? In de -
o
«
cr fense of test signals, it's been said
continued on page 95

88
CIRCLE 108 ON FREE INFORMATIONCARD
 MARI{ET CENTER
FOR SALE GREAT bUys! Surplus prices, ICs, linears, transfor- DESCRAMBLERS. A ll brand s. Speci al: Combo
mers, PS, stepping motors, vacuum pump, pho- Jerrold 400 and SB3 $165. Complete cable de-
PHOTOFACT folde rs, under # 1400 $4.00. Others totrans istor, meters , LSASE, FERT IK'S, 5400 Ella, scrambler kit $39. Complete satellite descrambler
$6 .00. Postpaid. LOEB, 414 Chestnut Lane, East Phila., PA 19120. kit $45. Free catalog. MJM INDUSTRY, Box 531,
Meadow, NY 11554. Bronx, NY 10461-0531.

CLASSIFIED AD ORDER FORM

ENGINEERING software, PC/MSDOS . Hob-
byists - students - engineers . Circuit de-
To run your own classified ad, put one wo rd on each of the lines below and send t his form along with your check to : sign, FFT analysis, mathematics, logic
Radio-Electronics Classified Ads, 500-B Bi-Cou nty Boulevard, Farmingdale, NY 11735
simulation, circuit analysis . Free catalog,
(614) 491-0832, 8S0FT SOFTWARE, 444
PLEASE INDICATE in which category of classified advert ising you wish your ad to appear. For Colton Rd ., Columbus, OH 43207 .
special headings , there is a surcharge of $25.00.
( ) Plans/Kits ( ) Business Oppo rtunities ( ) For Sale
( ) Education/Instruction ( ) Wanted ( ) Satellite Television
( ) - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - -- - - - - CABLE-TV AT ITS BEST

Special Category : $25.00 SCIENTIFIC ATL ANTA :

Mode ls 8 500-8 55 0 -858 0 . . $ 275.00 C
PLEASE PR INT EACH WORD SEPARATELY, IN BLOCK LEITERS.
O~
f- SA-3 [Add-On Descram bler j . . $ 99.00
(No refunds or credits for typesetting errors can be made unless you clea rly print or type your Z II)
::If-
JERROLD :
SB-3 [Inband Ga te d Sy nc] .. . $ 74.00 z ijj
copy.) Rates indicated are for standa rd style classified ads only. See below for additiona l 0-
charges for spec ial ads. Minimum : 15 words. 11l~ TRI-Bi [Trirnod e/ Bistat e ... $ 95 .00 ~!:l
15 /\ OAK : ° 0
V :u
a::ll) M-35B [Combo w / v ar t-svnc] . $ 99 .00 c: c
~V
2 4 ill~
N-12 [Add-On WIVa ri·syncj . . $ 89.00
HA M LIN : ~~
11)0
3 5 c:
C M LD-1200 [Ad d-On] . .. $ 89.00
Z
ZE NITH: [Z·TAC Descrambl erj .$ 169.00 -i
CONVERTERS: [80 ·Channelsj .$ 95.00
6 7 8 9 10
N.A:S. INTERNATIONAL
(BOO) 726-4. NAS
11 12 13 14 15 ($46.50)

16 ($49.60) 17 ($52.70) 18 ($55.80) 19 ($58.90) 20 ($62.00) CABLETV

21 ($65.10) 22 ($68.20) 23 ($71.30) 24 ($74.40) 25 ($77.50)
OESCRAMBLERS 10 Lot
JERROLD'" Tri-Bi Mode. S105.00 $85.00
JERROLD'" SB-3 OR 2 S89.00 $65.00
Hamlin MLD-l200....... S99.95 S62.00
26 ($80.60) 27 ($83.70) 28 ($86.80) 29 ($89.90) 30 ($93 .00) Oak N-12 WfV.S.......... S99.95 S62.00
Oak-M-35-B WfV.5...... S99.00 $78.00
OAK E-1L ..._......... S99.95 S58.00
Zenith SSAVI............. S185.00 S145.00
31 ($96.10) 32 ($99.20) 33 ($102 .30) 34 ($105.40) 35 ($108.50) E.gle PO-L............. S12O.00 S85.00
Scientific Adanl1.......... Sl29 .95 S105.00
We accept MasterCard and Visa for paymen t of orders . If you wis h to use your credit card to pay for your ad fill SA·Combo'. .............. CAlL SCali
in the following additional information (Sorry, no telephone orders can be accepted .): Tocom..................... $350.00 S295.00
Oak N-12 WI Auto....... S14O.00 Sl O5.00
Jerrold Starcom CSV.... S139.95 Call

*NEW STARGATE 2000

Card Number Expiration Date
CABLE CONVERTER
- - --
Please Print Name
- - -- - - - /- -
Signatu re
- - -- - - --

IF YOU USE A BOX NUMBER YOU MUST INCLUDE YOUR PERMANENT ADDRESS AND PHONE
NUMBER FOR OUR FILES . ADS SUBMITTED WITHOUT THIS INFORMATION WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.
CLASSIFIED COMMERCIAL RATE: (for firms or individuals offering commercial products or serv ices)
$3.10 per word prepa id (no charge for zip code)...MINIMUM 15 WORDS . 5% discount for same ad in 6
issue s; 10% discount for same ad in 12 issues within one year; if prepaid . NON-COMMERCIAL RATE: (for
1-$89.00 10-$69.00
Last channel recall-Favorite channel select-
ico-on
indiv idu als who want to buy or sell a persona l item) $2.50 per word, prepa id....no minimum . ONLY FIRST 75 channel-Channel scan-Manual fine tune-
WORD AND NAME set in bold caps at no extra charge . Additi onal bold face (not available as all caps) 55¢ One year warran ty-surge protectlon-Hac & Stand-
per word additional. Entire ad in boldface, $3 .70 per word. TINT SCREEN BEHIND ENTIRE AD: $3.85 per
ard switchable- and much more. ,
word . TINT SCREEN B EHIND ENTIRE AD PLUS ALL BOLD FACE AD: $4 .50 per word. EXPANDE D
TYPE AD: $4.70 per word prepaid . Entire ad in boldface, $5.60 per word. TINT SCREEN BEHIND ENTIRE
EXPANDED TYPE AD: $5.90 per word . TINT SCREE N BEHIND ENTIRE EXPANDED TYPE AD PLUS INFORMATION(402)554-0417 0
ALL BOLD FACE AD : $6 .80 per word. DISPLAY ADS : 1" x 2Y4"- $385.00; 2" x 2Y4"- $770 .00; 3" x
2W'-$1155.00. General Information : Frequency rates and prepayment discount s are available. ALL Orders Call Toll Free m
o
COpy SUBJECTTO PUBLISHERS APPROVAL. ADVERTISEMENTS USING P.O. BOX ADDRESS WILL
NOT BE ACCEPTED UNTIL ADVERTISER SUPPLIES PUBLISHER WITH PERMANENT ADDRESS
1-800-624-1150 m
~
AND PHONE NUMBER. Copy to be in our hands on the 10th of the third mont h preceding the date of the M.D. EL ECTRONICS ~
issue. (i.e., Aug. issue cop y must be received by May 10th). When normal closing date falls on Saturd ay,
Sunday or Holiday, issue clos es on preceding working day. Send for the classified brochure . Circ le Number 115 NEW YORK MALL :Il
49 on the Free Informat ion Card. SUITE 133E Moe. co
VISA ex>
OMAHA NE. 68114 co
CIRCLE 53 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
89
 T.V. tunab le notch filters . Free brochure. O.K. VID-
EO, Bo x 63/602 5, Margate, FL 33063. (305)
Multi-Ch annel 1.9 10 2.7 GHz. 40dB gain
752-9202.
30 Channel Syst em complete $149.95
SURPLUS ELECTRONICS. New giant wholesale 12-Channel System compl ete $104.95
catalog. Hundreds of amazing bargains. $2. Box 3 Channel Syslem complel e $79.95
840 , Champ lain, NY 12919. Phillips-Tech Electronics
TUBES: "oldest," "latest." Parts and schematics. p.o.Box 8533 • Scollsdale, AI 85252
SASE for lists. STEINMETZ, 7519 Maplewood Ave., LIFETIME (602) 947-7700 1S3.00Credlt lllphoneordenl)
PLANS RE, Hamm ond , IN 46324. WARRANTY MasterCard · Visa . COD's Quantity Pricill~
illJild Yournelf - All Parts Available inStoel<
~7~~Wr~&um~~ ~W~tL ::: :: .::J~:~ LASER Listener II, other projects . Surveillance ,
des cramblin g, false identificatio n, inf orm ati on .
7CC1- 3 SEPARATE TESLA COILPLANSTO 1.5MEV $25,00
1062- IONRAY GUN .. S10.00 Plans, kits, other strange stuff. Informational pack- TJ Services is here to serve you! Our quality prod-
GAAl-GRAVITY GENERATOR .. S1O.00 age $3. 00 refundabl e . DIRIJO/BOND ELEC- ucts, quick courteous service, knowledgeable sales
ElIlLl- ELECTRO MAGNET COILGUN/LAUNCHER ...58.00 TRONICS , Box 212, Lowell, NC 28098 . peopl e and rock bottom prices prove it! Not sure
what you need? Call (313) 726-0900 we'll help!
KITS Prices quoted are 20/10/5/110\.Jerrold DRX-3-DIC
With All Necessary Plans
MFT3K- FM VOICE TRANSMlmR 3 MI RANGE .... " 549,50 $6 9/$ 79/$89/$99, DS X-3-D IC $59 each, DRX-3-
VWPM7K--TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER 3 MI RANGE. , S39,5O auto Tri -Bi -10 $ 109 /$ 119 /$ 12 9 /$ 139 , DRZ-3
BTt3K-250,000 VOLT10-14' SPARK TESLA COIL... •.. .$249.50 $49/ $59 /$ 69/$ 79, SB $45 eac h. Tri-B i-2 or 3
LHC2K- SIMULATEO MULTICOLORLASER , 544.50 $69/$79/$89/$109. Oak M35B $20 each, new origi-
BLS1K- l00.ooo WATT BlASTER DEFENSE DEVICE $69.50 nal N-12 $65 each. Scientific Atlanta t ype SA-3
MIG7K-NEGATM ION GENERATOR KIT, ., 534.50
PSP4K- TIME VARIANT SHOCK WAVE PISTOL , ,..S59.5O $ 69 /$ 7 9 /$ 8 9 /$ 109, Hamlin CR X-6600 -3M
STAlK- ALL NEW SPACE AGEACTIVE PlASMA SABER S59.5O $ 8 9 /$ 10 9 /$ 1 29 /$ 1 49 , MLD-1200 -2 or 3
S05K-SEE INDARKVIEWER KIT ,... .. .. •Sl99.5O $29/$39/$49/$59, CRX-6600-2 $39/$49/$59/$69,
PGSK-PlASMA LIGHTNINGGLOIlt KIT 549.50 Eagle PD -3 or iginal $ 59/$ 64/$ 99/$ 109, Inter-
ASSEMBLED ferance Filters, we stock all channels
Wrth AllNetessary_lnstructions $12/$ 15/$ 18/$ 29, Zen ith SSAV I-1 Ant i-f lashi ng
BTClB-50,000 VOLT-WORLD'S SMALLEST TESLA COIL S54.5O $89 / $ 99 / $10 9 / $129 . P ioneer type PI - 3
LGU4O- 1MWHeNe VISIBLE RED LASER GUN, S249.5O $79/$89/$ 109/$ 129. Replacement remotes and
TAT30- AUTO n:LEPHONERECORDING DEVICE " , .,. ,..S24,5O ma ny access o ries in stoc k. New volume control
1TM10-100,000 VOLT 20'AFFECTIVE RANGE RESTRI CTED technical Information : Electronic
INTIMIDATOR .. .. .. 599.50 surveillanc e, schematics , locksmithing, covert sci- 78 channel wireless remote converter with parental
enc es, hack ing, etc . Huge select ion. Free bro- control and fine t un ing capabil it ies
usnO- SNOOPER PHONEINFINITY TRANSMlm R . " ..$169.50
1?G70- INVISIBLEPAIN FIELD chures. MENTOR-Z , Drawer 1549, Asbury Park, NJ $79/$89/$99/$109. B.E .L. radar detector 861 close
GENERATOR MUTLIMODE.. . .. .. .S74.5O 07712. out $89 each.
• CATALOGCONTAINING DESCRIPTIONSOF ABOVE PLUS TUBES, new, up to 90% off. SASE, KIRBY, 298
HUNDREDS MORE AVAILABLE FOR $1.00 OR USE OUR CABLE TV converters bargain headquar-
West Carm el Drive, Carme l, IN 46032.
PHONE FOR "ORDERS ONLY' 603-673-4730 . ters: Zenith, Tocom, Scientific Atlanta,
2·WAY radio system. Used VHF base stations, por-
PLEASEINCLUDE $3.00 PH ON ALL KITS AND PRODUCTS
PLANSAREPOSTAGE PAID. SEND CHECK, MO, VISA, MC IN
Hamlin. Jerrold 400-DRX3D1C w/remote table radios , UHF car radios + many extras. (202)
USFUNDS. $135, Oak M35B $60 .00.Quantity discount. 944-2802 for information . -
INFORMATION UNLIMITED Visa-M/C-COD. Order yours today. 1 (800)
P.O. BOX716DEPT.REAMHERST, NH 03031 327-8544.
CABLE TV converters and descramblers.
WeseU onlv the best. Low prices. 88·3
$79.00. We ship C.O.D. Free catalog. ACE
THE ELECTRONIC GOLDMINE PRODUCTS, PO Box 582, Dept. E, Saco, ME
04072, (201) 967·0726.
Send forJour copy ofour 1989catalog
feoturilljJ hun reds ofeledronkcomponents STEPPER motor drive & contro l with Commodore
and uniqueelectronicproject kits,. Eachof 64. Affordable hardware, interface, & software .
our project kilsindude all necessory ports Send for detailed literature & prices to: MASE, R.D.
~::'.:lJ~=-- and agloss epoxyetched and # 2 Box 166, Mohrsvi lle, PA 19541.
drillellPC board - you on~.need to
solderinthe ports andprovidea JERROLD 450 modu le works good, information $2,
battery (onbottery npercted kils) module $55, COD only. BIL L, 7014 East Golflinks
I I # 124, Tucson, AZ 85730.
2 CH Compact DishSystem - $77.95 COMMUNICATIONS. Electronic equ ipment,
5 CH Dish System - $93.95 sales, service, FCC licensed, free catalog .
MINIATURE GEIGER 12 CH Vagi (Rod) System - $123,95 RAYS, PO Box 14862, Fort Worth. TX 76117-0862.
COUNTER KIT 30 CH Dish System-$163,90 Yagi-$183.90
N.inia1"rtGeigtf Collnm kit de"c1s a~, CABLE TV converters: Je rrold , Oak , Scientific At-
SUN MICROWAVE INn . INC. Send$1" for
l~~:::~k.: :';'~.~~
inkllSily. FtoturtsstrMlv. UpM window
P.O. BOX34522
PHOENIX, AZ B5067
catalog on these
and other fine
lantic, Zenith & many others. " New MTS" stereo
add-on: mute & vo lume . Ideal for 400 and 450
GM Tuba,adKcUtol. Qpo<a'".,,9y (602) 23ll-0640 video products. owners! 1 (800) 826-7623, Amex, Visa, M/C accept-
ba""Y lnohllll.Sizo:1.9 xl . QUANTITY DISCOUNTS UFETIME WARRANTY
(6430$59.95 ed. B & B INC., 4030 Beau-D-Rue Drive, Eagan,
MN 55122.
LIGHTNING-BOLT PC-ECAP, AC circuit analysis software for the IBM-
STROBE LIGHT KIT FEB 87 Triparts $59.00. Feb 84 SB parts $49.00. PC, will calculate and display the frequency and
Powwful120VAC SItobo 111 p<od""
$3.50 shipping. OCTE, Box 276, Alburg , VT 05440. phase response of your circu its. Very easy to use.
31~~:lx~~~~~~I~~ (514) 739-9328 . Complete ly menu driven. Support s CGA, EGA, and
W roMfrom 30kl400 permiau" .
(mioll- this kitisfor.xpwittKtd ~ildtn Hercules graphics . High resolution plots on IBM/
RENTAL movie stabilizer. Connect between VCRs
,aIy td" "hivh"hojil.Sizt: 3.4"xS" Epson printers. $99.50 To order or for info, write
(6431$34.95 or to monitor. Satisfact ion guaranteed. $69.95,
CIRCUIT SYSTEMS , 418 Church Road Sickler-
$4.00 hand ling. 1 (800) 367-7909 . ville, NJ 08081. '
Fabulous Component Values! CABLE TV descramblers, Jerrold, Scientific Atlan-
EPROM burners $79 .95, JR PRODUCT DE- _
ta, Zenith , most major brands. Dealer inquiries wel-
VELOPMENT CENTER, 5174 Lak e Loop Road,
SURFACE MOUNT CHIP COMPONENTS come. Visa-M/C accepted. E & 0 VIDEO, 9691 E.
C»S I[g~O IS
265th Street , Elko, MN 55020 . 1 (800) 638-6898. Cooper City, FL 33330 .
tl 1:41 m
no
Il.lli m «»
YOUl OiOICl ·
TEST equipme nt pre-own ed now at affordable CABLE boxes and electronics. Sharp Fax FO-300

~
III lHYOHEYAlUEOf
I 51 470 131 4101 IEIISTOlOI prices . Signa l ge ne rat o rs from $50 .00 . Os- list $1995.00 our price $995.00, Oak RTC 56 w/r
I n SlO I.ll W,OTOI~ $159.00, M35B $49.95, Jerrold 400 w/r $129.95,
ll pl 120 610 III lOI\LOO. lOO/SUO cilloscopes from $50.00. Othe r equipm ent, includ-
en IOOpI 110 Lll 151 (HOWIHG) ing manua ls avai lable . Send for Cata log . J.B . Tocom w/r $225.00, Hamlin CRX6600 w/r $179.95,
o ELECTRONICS, 3446 Dempst er, Skokie, IL 6007 6.
qu antit y prices on 10 lots, ca ll MOUNT HOOD
Z ELECTRONICS, (206) 896-6837.
(312) 982-1973.
oa:: PARABOLIC Refl ect ors. 18" spun metal focuses

o
UJ
....J
VIDEOBEAMER links VCR to TV witho ut wires
$99.00. MVS ANTENNAS , 1205 Cop lon Ave. ,
Schene ctady, NY 12309.
RF, Iight,sound ; $25. PJC 2981 Tess Ave., Grang er,
VT 84119.

UJ CCTV video cameras : color Sanyo VC C3700 MASTERCARD AND VISA are now accepted
MINIMUM ORDl R $1 0.00 plus 3.00 shiptn ~ and hQncDln~ Vie auept tMC. for payment of you r advertising . Simply
6 V.sa and mon'~iN~r~~g~~st,~~S~~nEit~:~'::i( ~o~~~n: 'pping charge.
$395.00, Panasonic B&W $219.00, others . PC vid-
o-c P.O. Box 5408 Sc ott sd al~, AI. 85 26 1
eo digitizer $249.00. SAMPSON ENGINEERING,
PO Box 550363 , Dallas , TX 75355-0363. (214)
complete the form on the first page of the
a:: PHONE OROER5: (6071 4S1-74S4
328-2730. Market Center and we will bill.
CIRCLE 135 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
90
tfREM OTE'iCONTROL)KEVCHAIN::(}

1I!ll iti PLANS AND KITS

BUILD this five-digit pan el m eter and square-wave
generator including an ohms, capacitan ce and fre-
quency meter. Detail ed instructions $2. 50. BAG-
NALL ELECTRONICS , 17 9 Ma y, Fa irfi eld , CT
06430.
STEREO FM transm itter!. Transmit your VC RIC 01
Walkman to any FM ste reo radio . On e chip does it
all! Free schematic and info . Send a self addr ess edl
stamped envelope to : OJ INC., 847A Second Ave.,
Suit e 113, New York, NY 10017. 1 IOOR
UNIT MORE
FM tra nsmitter 88 to 108 MHz kit $12 .95 . SIERRA H A MLIN vee 3000 36 CORD ED REMOTE CU NV ER TER re tl .SIl II IY I 29 00 1800
ELECTRONICS, Box 709, Elfers , FL 34680-0709 . PANASONIC WIRELESS CONVERTER 101lr be st bll yl 9800 79 00
ELECTRONIC k its ! Tran smitters! Recorders! STAR GATE 2000 8800 6900
Pho ne device s! Bug d etecto rs! Surve illa nce items! 'JERROLD 400 COMBO 169 00 >1 9 00
More! Catal og $1.00 : XANDI ELECTRONICS, Box JERROLD 400 HANDREMOTECONTROL 2900 18 00
25647, 60X, Temp e, AZ. 85285-5647 . ·JERROLO450 COMBO 199 00 13900
·JERROLO450 HAND RE MOTE CON TAOL 2900 1800
RADIO Astronomy! Month ly m agazine, books , JERROLDSB·ADD·ON ggOO 6300
components . $3. 00 br ings sample package. BOB'S 'JERROLD SB-ADD·ON WITHTAIMODE 10900 7500
ELECTRONIC SERVICE, 7605 Deland , Ft. Pierc e, ggoo
°M_35 B COMBO UNIT IG h 3 o utp ut o ntvr 7000
FL 34 951.
' M-35 B COMBOUNITWITH VARISYNC 10900 7500
' MINICODE IN-12. 9900 6200
' MINICODE IN-12J WITH VARISYNC 10900 6500
' MINICODE VAR ISYNCWITH AUTOON-OFF 145 00 10500
TUBES - 2000 TYPES ECONOCODE trrumcooc sub stn nt ui 6900 4200
DISCOUNT PRICES! ECONOCOOE WITH VAR ISYNC 7900 4600
Early, hard-to-find, and modern tubes. °M L D· 120Q·3ICh a outouu 9900 6200
Also transformers, capacitors and °ML D - 1200-2 ICh 2 output } gg OO 6200
parts for tube equipment. Send $2.00 ·ZENITH SSAVI CABLEREADY l i S 00 12500
for 2 4 page wholesale catalog. INTERF ERENCE FILTERS ICh 3 only' 2400 14 00
ANTIQUE ELECTRONIC SUPPLY "EAG LE PO-3 DE SCR A MBl ER IC h 3 0 u l p u l {)r1 l y J 11900 6500
688 W. First St.-Tempe, AZ 85281-602 /894-9503 'SCIENTIFIC ATLANTA ADD·ON REPL ACEMENT DESCRAMBLER 11 9 00 8500
' CA LL FOR AVAILABILITY

CATALOG: hobbylbroadcasting/HAM/CB : Cable Output Price TOTAL

Quantity Item
TV, transmitters, amplifiers , survei llance devic es , Channel Each PRICE
computers, more! PANAXIS, Box 130-F12, Para-
dise, CA 959 67 .
SURVEILLANCE equipment design gives 58
schematics of Sheffield Electron ics' surveillance de-
vices. Circuits explain ed . Transmitters ran ge from
pens to one-mile VOX 's includ ing crystal, sub carri er,
carrier current, infrared, firefly , automobile. Demod- SUB TOTAL
ulators given . Cub e tap and dup lex mains powered Ca lifornia Penal Code #593 -0 forb ids us
from shipping any cable descrambling unit Shipping Add
transmitters presented . Eighteen telephone trans-
to anyone residing in the state of Californ ia. $3.00 pe r unit
mitters are leech and battery types including cr ystal
and subc arr ie r. Countermeasur es chapter. Much COD & Credit
Prices subject to change with out noti ce . Car ds - Add 5%
more. This 81 /2 x 11 inch 110-page book is illustrated
with photographs. Price $30. 00 + $4.00 S & H. First TOTAL
~
class mail U.S . & Canada . Oversea s A irmail S & H PLEASE PRINT
$9 .00 . One -day processing , pay with Money Order
or C ash ie r 's Check . S end to : WINSTON AR-
RINGTON, 7223 Stony Island Ave., C hicago, IL
g
•c:I~
60649-280 6 . _ _ _ _ _ _ Zip _
DETECTION - Surveillance, debugging , plans,
kits, assem bled devic es. Latest high-t ech catalog o Money Order o Visa o Mastercard
~
$ 5. DETECTION SYSTEMS, 2515 E . Thomas,
# 16-864F, Ph oen ix, AZ. 8501 6.
ij
ELECTROLOCK programable keypad door release
Sy.s te.m, complete kit inc ludi ng efectri c strike: I...
$129.95. Assembled and tested: $149,95. Free bro-
chure and orders: sYSTEM S ASSOCIATES INC.,
1320 Cran ston Slreet, Cran ston, RI 02920. (40t)
FOR OUR RECORDS:
DECLARATION Of AUTHORIZED USE - I. the unde<signed. do hereby declare under penalty 01 perjury
that all products purchased, now and in the future. will only be used on cable TV systems with proper !
.••.
_..:.----=-----------
94 3-2986.
- _.
DESCRAMBLlNG, new sec ret manual. Build your
authorization from local officials or cable company officials in accordance w,ith all applicable federal and •
state laws. FEDERAl AND VARIOUS STATE LAWS PROVIDE FOR SUBSTANTIAL CRIMINAL AND CML
PENALTIES FOR UNAUTHORIZED USE. ~
i
own descr amblers for cable and SUbscription TV.
Instruction s, sch emati cs for SSAV I, ga te d sy nc,
sinewave, (HBO, Cin emax, Showtime , UHF, adult)
$ 8. 9 5, $2. 00 postag e . CABLETRONICS, Box
30502R, Beth esd a, M D 20814.
o
m
450 MHz Sp ectrum an aiyz er - kit - $459.95 or o
m
assembled & tested $799 .95. For more inform ation,
send lega l size SASE to A & A ENGINEERING,
s::tn
2521 W. LaPa lma , #K, Anahei m, CA 92 801. m
JJ
PRINTED c ircuit board design, layout and protot ype
d e ve lop m e nt. SAYTECH CIRCUITS, PO Box
20169, Ind ian apolis, IN 46220 . (317) 253-3269 .

91
 CABLE TV CONVERTERS DESCRAMBLERS for movi es, networ ks, $175, vid-
eo on ly, $450 complete . Visa , MC accepted . Cata-
& EQUIPMENT log $4. SKYWATCH , 238 Davenport Road, Toronto ,
Canada, M5R 1J6.
FREE c at a log - Do -i t-yourself save 40-60% .
Lowest prices wor ldwide , sys tems, upgrades,
par ts , all major bra nds factory fresh and warra ntied .
SKYVISION, 2009 Co llegeway, Ferg us Falls, MN
56537. 1 (800) 334 -6455 .
DESCRAMBLER : Build our low cos t video only,
sate llite T V descrambler for most satell ite chan nel s.
Uses easy to get , eve ryda y parts . Boards & plans
$35 .00 US fun ds. Board, plans & parts $99.00 US
funds . Wired & tested unit $189.00 US funds . Send
check, mo ney order or Visa to : VALLEY MICRO-
WAVE ELECTRONICS, Bear River, Nova Scotia ,
Ca nada BOS 1BO or phone (902) 467 -3577. 8am to
4p m eastern time . Note : ed ucational project only.
SCIENTIFIC ATLANTA WI TRI-SI Not to be used illegally.
PANASONIC WIRELESS
CONVERTER 1403N 85.00 74.00
JERROLD 400COMBOW/ REMOTE
(DRX3DIC) 134.00 .. 100.00 PAYTV AND SATELLITE DESCRAMBLING
JERROLD 400OR 450 REMOTE NEW... 1989 EDITION ... NEW
HAND UNIT 24.00 15.00 The newest systems, parameters, turn-ons,harassment and
JERROLDJR X 3DIC 84.00 65.00 countermeasures being used by and against cable, wireless
JERROLD SS ADDON 74.00 55.00 andsatelliteoperators. New original information$15.95. Pay
TV Vol. 1 $14.95. Volume 2 $12.95. Experiences with VC
JERROLD SS ADDON WITH TRI-B1 95.00 75.00 $12.95. MDS/MMDS Handbook $9.95. Build Satellite Sys-
OAKM·35 COMBO 79.00 50.00. tems Under $600. $12.95. Any 31$28 or 61$42. Scrambling
OAKMINICODE (N-12) 84.00 59.00 News Monthly $24.95/yr. Sample$3. ScramblingNewsYear 1
OAKECONOCODE (E-13)
HAMLIN MLD 1200
64.00 . . .40.00
64.00 55.00
POW ER supply - versat ile! + 1-15V (3A), -1-15V
(1.5A) and + 5V (1.5A) - with d ig ital display of
.
(200) pa es $22.95. Year 2 $22.95. Catalog $1 or call.
•
,• I
SCIENTIFIC ATLANTA SA-3 ADDON . 109.00 80.00 voltage, current. Inclu des 60 Hz T TL output. De-
INTERFERENCEFILTER tailed p lans US$4.95 . SAS E bri ngs infor mation .
(CHANNEL3 OR 6) 24.00 14.00 CLASSIC DESIGNS, Box 142, Lac hine, Quebec,
SCIENTIFICATLANTA 83 CHANNEL Canada H8S 4A6 .
CONVERTER 95.00 80.00 VIDEOCYPHER II descrambling manual. Sc he-
PIONEER CONVERTER SA 4500 PRINTED circu it boards so lde r plated , etched, matics , video and aud io. Explains DES, EPRO M ,
SERIES 100.00 85.00 drilled routed . One week de livery. So lder masking Clone Master, 3M usketeer, pay-per-view (HBO, Cin-
TOMCOM VIP Call for price andavailability and des ign available. SHORE PROTOTYPE CIR- emax , Show1ime , ad ult, etc .) $13.95, $2 .00 postage .
ZENITH FLASHING Call for priceandavailability CUIT, 36 Fairview Aven ue, Littl e Silve r, NJ 07739. CABLETRON ICS, Box 30502 R, Be thesda, MD
(201) 747-6300. 208 14.
ZENITHSSAVI Call for priceand availability
EAGLE PG-3. . . . . . . . . . . Call for price andavailability

VIDEO-LINK BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

Enterprises, Inc. EASY work ! Exce llent pay ! Asse mb le produ cts at
hom e . Ca ll fo r info rmat io n. (504) 641-8003 Ext.
5192 .
165 W. PUTNAM AVE.
• Major Makes & Mode ls! MAKE $50 /hr wo rking evenings or weeke nds in
GREENWICH, CT 06830 your ow n electron ics business . Send for free facts.
• Will match or beat anyone 's prices!
(203) 622·4386 • Dea ler discounts at 5 units!
INDUST RY, Box 53 1, Bronx, NY 10461.

MONDAY - FRIDAY10AM - 5:30 PM, E.S.T. YOUR own radio statio n ! AM , FM, TV, cab le. li -
• Examples: ce nsed/ unlice nsed . BROADCASTING , Bo x 130-
IMPORTANT: Have make and model HAMLIN COMBOS. $44 ea. (Min. 5) F12, Parad ise , CA 95967.
# of the equi pment used in you r area. OAK ADD/ON . . . . . $40 ea. (Min. 5) INVENTIONS, ideas, tech nology wanted for pre-

._---------_.. ---- OUTPUT PRICE TOTAL

OAK M35B . $60 ea. (Min. 5)
sentat ion to industry/exhibition at nation al inn ova-
tion exposition . Ca ll 1 (800) 288-IDEA.

OlY ITEM CHANNEL EACH PRICE MAKE $75,000 to $250 ,000 yearly f ixing IB M
monit ors, no investme nt, start from home , (a te le-
phone required). Inform ation USA, Canada $1.00 ,
Europe, Middle East $8 .00 . RANDALL DISPLAY,
Box 2168- R, Van Nuys, CA 91404 USA.
NO CONNECTICUT SALlES. It SUSTOT.
is not the intent of VIDEO-LINK~=:=-'c;::.c:.+----l
Shipping
to defraud any pay television $3/Unit INVESTIGATORS, experimenters - Qual ity new
operator and we will not assist1-::==--+----1
COD: plans. Hard to find m icro and restricted devices . NEW HE NE
~
any company or individual in Add Free catalog. Se lf add ressed sta mped envelope to
doing so.
5%
1 - - -+-- - - 1 KE LLEY SECURITY INC ., Suite 90, 253 1 Sawtelle LASER TUBES $35
PL EA S E PRINT:
TOTAL Blvd., Los Ange les, CA 90064. ~ Dealer Inquiries Invited.
o CASH IER'S CHECK 0 M.a. 0 C.O.D.
CB Tricks II book . Power amp lifie r desig n and theo- Free Catalog !
NAME _ ry, UHF CB tune ups. Se nd $19.95 MED ICIN E MAN MEREDITH INSTRUMENTS: 6403 N. 59th Ave.
CB, PO Box 37, Clarksv ille , AR 72830.
ADDRESS _ Glendale, AZ 85301 • (602) 934-9387
DAZER protector kit $44 .95 ! Exciting electronic kits! "The SourceJot Laser Surplus"
Cll Y/STATEIZIP _
PHONE _ Catalog $1.00 . QUANTUM RESEARCH, 17919-77
Avenue , Edm onton , Al berta T5T 2S 1.
SIGNATURE _
WAIVER. Since I. the undersigned, fully INVENTORS
understand that the ownership of a cable decoder
does not give the owner of the decoder the right to SATELLITE TV INVENTORS! Ca n you patent and profit from your
decode or view premium cable channels without CABLE TV secrets - the out law pub lication the ide a? Ca ll AMERICAN INVENTORS CORPORA-
CIJ proper authorization from their local cable company,
o hereby declare under penalty of perjury that all
cab le companies tried to ban . HBO , Mov ie Chan ne l, TION for free information. Over a decade of service
1 (800) 338 -5656 . In Massachusetts or Ca nada ca ll
Z products purchased, at any time, will only be used
Showtime, descramb lers , converte rs, etc . Sup-
(413) 568 -3753.
o on cable TV systems with proper authorization from
plier 's list incl uded $8 .95 . CABLE FACTS, Box 711-
ex: local officia ls or cable company officers in
R, Pataska la, O H 43062.
I-
oUJ accordance with all applicable federal and state VIDEOCIPHER II man ua ls. Volume 1 - hardwa re,
laws. Federal and various state laws provide for Vo lu me 2 - software . Eithe r $32.45. Volume 3 -
...J
UJ substantial criminal and civil penalties for projects/software - $42 .45. Volu me 4 - repa ir -
DIGITAL CAR DASHBOARDS
6 unauthorized use. $97.45 . Volume 5 docu mentation - $42.45. Cable BUILD yourself complete electronic das hboards .
o<l: Dated: Signed:
Hacker's Bible - $32 .45 . CaDs : (602) 782-2316.
0100-032 software - cata log -$3 .00 . TE LECODE,
Infor mation packa~e : $2 .00 (refundab le). MODERN
LABS, 2900-F Hulsseau, Sa int-Elizabeth , QC , JOK
ex: Bo x 6426-RE, Yuma, AZ. 85366-6426. 2JO, Canada.
CI RCLE 64 ON FREE IN FORMATION CARD
92
 WANTED
All Jerrold , Oa k, Hamlin, Zenith , Sci entific INVENTIONS/new products/Ideas wanted : Call
Atlanta, Magnavox and all specialized cab le TLCI for free information 1(800) 468-7200 24 hours/
equipment available for shipment within 24 day - USNCanada.
hours. For fast service MC / VISA or C.O .D. INVENTORS! Confused? Need help? Call IMPAC
tel ephon e orders accepted (800) 648-3030 for Free information package. In US and Canada: 1
60 Day Guarantee (Quantity Discounts) (800) 225-5800.

After yougive 8 A.M. to 5 P.M. C.S.T. CLOSED WEEK-

ENDS. Send self-addressed Stamped enve-
WILL pay for g ood inform ati on o n J erro ld
DPBB232. MIK E (918) 663-9778.
somethingto your friends lope (60¢ postage) for Catalog.
andfamily, maywe DESCRAMBLER MODULE
suggest about LATEST technology alternative to Jerrold SB·3 or
23 million other people? Radio -E lectr oni cs Feb. 1984 projec t. Featurin g
electronic tuning, AGC, auto-on/off, ACIDC power,
When you support the mini-size, A&T, and more. For literature - SOUTH-
Christmas Seal Campaign'" TECH DISTRIBUTING, (813) 527-2190.
you're benefitting research EDUCATION & INSTRUCTION
and programs that giveover LEARN IBM PC assembly language. 80 sample
23 million Americans with proqrarns. Disk $5. Book $18. ZIPFAST,Box 12238, INVENTORS
Lexington, KY 40581-2238.
chronic lung disease the "PATENTS, getting one ... A cost-cutting Primer for
PROGRAM your own computer simulations and Inventors ." Author ed by Stuart Peterson , form er
one thing they want this learn how to analyze circuits. New periodical will patent examiner and registered patent attorney with
Christmas. Hope. show you how to analyze filters, phase locked loops, over 40 years patent experience. This is a "must" for
etc. Complete with basic subroutines you can use in any inventor. Available in early January. Write now
AMER ICAN ±I. LUNG ASSOC IATION "
Thf> Ctv .stmas Sea l ~opltd!
your own program s. Only $10.00 per issu e or
$100.00 for 12 issues. DESIGN LETTERS, PO Box
for free descriptive literature and special pre-pub-
lication pri ce. ACA DEMY B OOK S, Dept. R,
251, Gaithersburg, MD 20877. Rutland, VT 05701.

V1O ·B ' <1 9 5 CPU', & CHIPS RA M', seA's T RIAC's 7,. HCOO .35 74HC.SERIES 74HC24 5 .80 RCA . HC 250D 16 L2 .p.~ ~ '.S . l. 50
8080A 2,75 8086 ' .00 5M4C1COOA ·12 3000 1.5 A 6 A 3 5A 75A 10 A
laOA CPU 1. 75 TIP 3 18 NPN S' TO·2 20 .
PR Y lA 74HC02 .35 74HC125 .50 74HC257 .55 60 \'VATTS $34.95 16 R4 • . " • . 1.9 5
80 88 750 2 1 L02·3 . 70 • $ .040 74 H C ~ .35 74 HC133 . 50 7"HC259 .50
18 0 B CPU 3 .75 81 5 5·2
2.7 5 20 16 1 .50 T IP 328 PNP 5, TO·220 $ .40
100 .35 .40 1."'0 ' 00 .as 1,00
74 HCoa 35 74 HC13 1 . 75 74HC273 .80 SOLID S TATE HYBRI a 16R6 B . • • • • 2,75
200 .40 50 1 90 200 . 50 100 LINEAR A Na AUDIO AMP 16 R 8 . . • . 2. 75
Z80 A e TC 1.95 .202 ' .00 210 1A·" 1 50 T I P3 4P NP SI . . ' .. . . . . . . $ .95 74 HC10 35 74C H138 . 70 74 HC354 95 16 L8A • •• .• 3.50
~ 00 . 60 . 70 2.,.0 .00 400 . 70 1.20
Z80A DART 5 25 820 3 16 0 0 2 1 11A 1.7 5 TIP 111 . . . . . $ .50 74HC 1 1 .40 ]4HC 139 .4 5 74HC37J .80 BAND WIDTH 3 0 I<Hz. t 16R8A . . . 3.50
GOO .80 100 3 60 12 00 600 1.00 ' 50 .35 74HCl53 .55 74HC3 74 80 60 WATTS. 7 AMP OUTPUT
Z80A OMA 550 82 12 2.25 2 1 12· 1 1.95 TIP 122 NPN 51 \J84 . . . . . . $ .5 0 14 HC20 1OR8A. _. 3 9 5
zaox Pl0 1.95 82104 3 .75 211 4·2 ' 00 TIP 14 1 NPN 5, U97 . · $ 1.00 74 HC30 .35
.35
74HC154 1.75 74 HC533
7,.H C15 7 .50 74HC534
1.35
1.35 TANTALUM CAPACITORS
7,. HC32
Z80 A 5 10 ' 50
zeoe 510
8 2C43 2.75
AM 02901 4 00
." 82 16
82 2~
822 6
823 7·5
1.50
2.25
1.60
21 18·4
2 1 ~ 7· 3
324 2
T MS340D
1. 75
2.50
6.00
1. 75
T IP 1" 5 . . . • . . . . .. ·
2N 130 7 PNP GE TO·5 .
OPS2000 -0 UA L
POWER OAR L. .. .. .
..
. .
$ 1.35
$." 0

.. $3.95
T L06 2C .95
T L064 CN 1.00
T L072 1.00
LM386
LM393
.ae
.40
MC135 5 1.25
1486 .80
74H C51
74HC5S
74HC '4
.4 5
50
74H C16 2 . 55 74HC573
7,. HC16 3 .55 H HC595 2.50
:040 74 HCl 64 .80 74HC&40 2.00
2.50
.22 UF 35 V
.47U F 35V
51$1.00
51$1.00
15U F 16 V
22UF 10V
31$1.00
$ .30
"'0 LF3 98A 3.00 1,. 58 . 50 74 HC75 .40 74H C1 74 .60 74HC400 2 .50 68 UF 35 V 5/$1 .00 JOUF 6 V 51$1.00
6502 3.25 8238 3.9 5 1.41<4027·3 .s0 2N222 2 NPN 51TO·9 2 . . 71$1.00 LM79 BCT .60 LF4 11 1.25 LMl 80 8 1.75 74HC 8 5 .70 74HC17 5 .6 0 74 HC4020 1.10 lU F 20V 5/$ 1.00 33 UF 15 V , .50
6522 3.50 82508 6.75 TMS4050 NL 1 .75 2 N2907 PNP S, TO·9 2 . . . . 71$ 100 T L062 .90 A0506J H 2.50 ULN200 3A .75 74 HC86 .40 74 HCl94 . 70 74HC406 6 .60 2.2 UF 20V 5/$ 1.00 47U F 10 V $ .8 5
6800 1.15 82 5 1·A 2.40 MK409&1 1 1.25 T IP 2955 PNP 51 . . . . . . . . $ .70 TLO" 1.00 AD2X:OLD 4.95 74H C107 .35 ]4 HC22 1 .90 74HC,. 51,. 320 3 .3 UF 20V 4 /$ 1.00 68U F 20V
" 7 ' .50 .40 74HC 240 .75 74HC453 B H O $ 1.00
68 0 2 4 50 8253 1.15 4 108·3 1.60 2N305 5 NPN 51TO·3 · $ .6 0 OG20 1BP 1.40 LM5 55 .29 LM2901 .es 74 HC109 4 .7U F 20 V 4 /$ 1.00 toous 16V
74 HC112 40 74H C24 2 . 75 74HC,. 54 3 1 40 $ 1.10
680 "
88 09
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6.50
82 55·A·5 1.8 5
82 57 2.40
4 116·2
4 118 4
. 70
1. 75
MJE3055T .
2N 3772 NPN 51 TO-3 .
. . . $ .6 0
$ 125
LM20 1
LM30 1
.76
.36
LM556
sse ."
1.10
CAJ0 18 1.95
CA304 5 1.20
. 14 HC244 80 . 6.8U F 20V
10U F 20V
4 /$ 1.00
$ .40
330 UF 10 V $ 1.7 5
68 10
68 21
1.15
1.75
8 259
8272A
2.40
" .75
4 1&4·15
MI<"80 2
3 .00
500
2N3 904 NPN 5, TO·92 • . .
2N3 906 PNP 5, TO'0 2 .
. 71$1.00
. 71$1.00
LM307
LM308 .65." A0561
564
3.00
1.75
CA:JJ78AT 1.50
CA3089 E 1.75
74LS SERIES DI SC CA PAC ITOR S IN4 148 lIN9 14 l
4.50 2N4901 PNP 51 TO·3 . LM3 10 1.2 5 7-;l SOO .17 14 LS112 .29 74LS241 65 .1UF 16V . . 101$1.00 . 100 1$8.00
68 "
6850
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8 279 ·5
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611&3
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2.50
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7.50
2N5 296 NPN TO ·220 •. ·
2 N5 109 PNP S. TO·2 1O . .
• $1.00
• . $ .50
. . $ .55
l M3 11
LM3 18 .45
1.00
! 86 5
566
56 7
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1.25
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CA _ 1.30
CA31 30
CA31,.0
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74 LSOl
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74 LS0 3
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74 LSl 13 33
74 L5 114 .33
74 LS122 .70
74LS.242

74 LS244
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REGUL ATO RS
15 / 1.00
74LS 24 3 .65 I-"==:..:..",,:::;:::,:..,;::::::~Ol:-""':";;";;::':'-"
80 3 5 1.75 8 288 4 .75 8 118· 12 2.95 MRF ·ao0 4 CM AF NPN .. .. $.75 LM319 1.10 NE5 70 2.50 5G 3543 . 70
LM3 24 74 LSD4 .17 74 L5 123 45 74LS :l45 .75 LASJ 9 U $ 5 95 3 23 K ILA14051. . . $ 2 9 5
80<8 5 00 8355 12.95 MPSA41 300V NPN . . • . 5/$1·00
LM339
.3 5 NE592 .cs SG3544 1.00 74 LS05 .17 74 LS125 35 14 LS245 1 40 78 105 or 12 S .30 LM33 7 . . . . . $ 2.75
80 4' 2.50 TMS99 27NL 9 9 5 MJ13 00!JA NP 700 V . · . . $1.00 .50 709C N .90 UNl.'3701E 1.75
8085A 2. 75 LM34 8 74L SOB .17 74LS l 26 .35 74 LS247 1.00 781.'1 05 . 12 0 r 15 ' . S .40 LM338 1<. . .. . . • $ 3,75
68000 L8 850 .6 5 7 11CH .60 LM3900 .50
LF351 74LS 09 .17 74 LS13 2 39 74 L5243 65 LM305 • . . .. . . . $ .75 340 T· 5.6 .8.12 .
N5 1&450 12.9 5
TTL IC S E R IE S 7,. 170 1.50
LF3 53
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733 .95 41 36 .as 74 lS1 0 .17 74 LS136 35 74LS 251 45 3091< $ 1.25 15.18 0 r 24 V. ' " S.45
68C0J L·12 19 95 ROM's 741 73 .76 739 1.50 505000 1.75
9500 DISC LF35 5 .36 74 LSli 20 74 LS13 7 90 74 LS253 .45 LM317T .. . • . • . $ .9 0 723 $ .45
688 81 INS2Q5·1 450
Controllers
7400 .19 74 1 74 .as LF356 85
741C V .29 N553 4 . 75 74 LS12 27 74LS 138 39 74 LS157 3D 320 T·5.12.1 5 0' 14 . . • . S .55
TPBl8S42 350 740 1 .19 748 3 .50 74 175 .8 5 74 7 .50 N5596 A 1.50
825 12 3 150 D765C 4 50 LM358 .4 5 74LS 13 25 74LS 139 .39 74LS258 .45 Ll 41H A Detect o r , _ . . " . 3 1$1.00
7402 .19 70485 .55 74 176 .75 DAC0808 2.95 50GOOO 1.00
REGISTERS 825 126 1.9 5 1771 4 .75 748 6 LM370 1.60 AO C0809
74 LS14 .36 74 LS145 . 70 74 LS25 9 1 20 FP l 00 Ph oto T' . m . . • $ .50
7403 .19 .35 7,.1 77 65 9038 3,95
MM 140 2 1.75 8 25 129 1.95 1791 .50 7404 .19 7489 1 90 74 ~ao .75
LM380 .es CNN 8.95 8700cJ 5.95
74 LS15 25 74 L5 147 1.00 74 LS26 0 .45
Rid LEO·s, 2 " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. • . 101$ 1.l)(,
MM 140 3 1.75 82 5 130 1 .95 1793 LM3S4 1.60 74LS20 .17 74 LS148 .90 74LS26 6 ,55 Yellow. Groe n. or Ambe r Lg LED's .2" . , . . . 81$1.00
M M 14~ 1.75 82S 13 1 1. 50 ' 50 740 5 .25 7490 .39 7,. 18 1 2 00 MC1Jl 0 1.00 LM13 0ao .95 74LS 2 1 22 74 LS15 1 39 74 LS2 73 , 75
1 795 12.00 7406 .27 7491 40 741 8 2 .76 MC13 50 .90 Red ·G,..n 8,poll ' LEO . . • • . . $ .90
MM501J 2.50 TP B28S166 9 .50 74LS12 ,:12 74 LSl 53 .39 74 LS279 .39
82 5 18 1 4 .50 179 7 12.00 140 7 .27 7492 50 74 184 1.50 Red'Ylli ow B'Po l.. LEO. . . . . . . . . $ .9 0
MM5055 250 WOOJ1QA14 .9 5 402 7 35 40 72 .20 74LS26 23 74LS l 54 1.5 0 74 LS280 1.70
825 19 1 450 7408 24 7" 93 .35 74 190 8 0 74 COO .25 74C9 151 .10 MLE092 lA LEO . . . • . . . . • . . . .. $ .40
MM50 56 2.50 2797 7.95 40 28 65 4076 .55 74LS27 .23 74 LS15 5 .55 74LS 283 .55 MR0 14S PhOtO Darl. XTO A . .. . . . . .. . • . . $ .60
74 5-474 3 .9 5 7409 .' 8 7494 60 74191 80 74C04 25 400 1 . 19
MM 50 58 250 4029 .65 40 77 .28 74 LS28 26 74 LSl56 .45 74LS2!)0 80 IL·5 OPto 15Oll t0 r1 0' MCT·2 . . • . • $60
2 708 375 741 0 .18 7495 .55 74 192 . 75 74C08 25 4002 .20
MM 5060 2.50 27 16+5V 3.7 5 4030 .35 408' .20 74 LS30 .17 74 LS15 7 .35 74 LS293 80 4N4 5 ()Pto Coupl ~r . • _ S 60
74 11 25 7496 60 74 193 .75 7,. Cl 0 .25 4006 65
2732 ,3 3.7 5 4034 1 ~40 408 2 20 74 LS32 .17 74 LSl58 20 74 LS298G5
INTERFACE 74 12 25 74 107 .30 74 194 .80 74C14 55 4007 . 20
27&4·25 400 409 3 74 LS37 .26 74L S16 0 .2D 74LS299 1.:15 TTl SIZ E COPROCESSORS
AY S· l 0 13A 37 5 27 128 ·30 4 .75 74 13
74 14
.35 74 1151 10
74 121 .30
74 195 .80 7,.C 20
74C32
25
35
400 '
400.
85
.36
4035 65
4040 .65 4099 1 40" N LSJ 8 .26 74L S16 1 49 74lS320 200 REL AYS 808 7-2 . . .•. . ... $115.00
AY3· 10 150
14 8 8
14 89
4 .75
.40
40
27256'2 5
33 47
3628A·3
800
295
3.00
74 16
7417
.25
25
" 74 122
"
74 123 45
74 196 .75
74 197 .80
74 199 1.25
74C4 2
74C14
1.10
.55
4010
40 11
.35
.1.
404 1 .75
404 2 55
450 1 .95
450 3 .45
74L S40
74 LS42
74L S48
.1 7
35
65
74LS 16 2 49
74L 5 163 .49
74 LS l64 45
74LS322 300
74 LS323 24 0
74LS 365 39
5V DPST 95
95
8087-3 . . . .•. . . . $ 85.00
80 287 ·8. . • . . . . . . $195.00
8 256 ·5 125 74 125 45 74C76 .60 4012 . 25 404 3 8 5 4506 . 75 12V DPST
74 20 20 7422 1 1.25 80387 ·16 $300 .00
;: ~~~ :~; ;: ~~ ~~~ ~; ~: ~~;~~ ';~ 1-<;",-;:;;;=.L:::r~~-,-,-,-,-,-.2:~!!!!..1
T R1 60 2 B 3 .95 4044 65 4510 65
742 5 27 74 126 .45 14 213 1.00 74C85 1 .25 4013 35
BR l 94 1L 550 404 5 85 451 1 .65 FULL WAVE
7429 .30 741 45 .60 14278 195 74COO .35 40 14 65
AY5- 3600 PRO 9 .95 4046 8 5 4 512 . 75 74 LS73 .25 74 LS159 .90 7" LS368 .30 B RIDG E DIP SW ITC H ES
74 27 27 74 148 1.20 74219 . 70 74C9 3 1.00 4015 .28
CRT!'>037 1895 404 7 65 4 514 95 74 LS 74 .24 74 LS1 70 80 74 LS373 . 75 PRY 2A 6A 25A
NO. 30 74 30 .20 741 50 1 .35 74298 60 74C157 .95 4016 .28 CTS206- 4 4 POSlt,o n . 75
MM5307 7.95 404• .28 4 515 1.60 74 LS75 .29 74LS 1 73 .49 74 LS374 .75 100 1 40
WIRE WRA P 74 32 .27 74 15 1 .55 74365 65 74C 161 95 40 17 45 CTS 206 · 7 7 POSlt'On 95
8830 2.50 4050 .28 4516 . 75 74 LS76 29 74LS 1 74 .39 74 LS3 77 .75 100 80 1 30 2 20
WIRE SING LE 743 7 27 14 153 .55 74367 65 74 C174 95 40 18 65 4 518 74 LS83 .45 74 LS1 75 .J 9 74LS386 45 CTS 206 · 8 8 Positio n 95
88 3 3 2.50 4051 65 85 400 1 00 1 65 330
STRA NO 7438 74 154 1.25 74390 90 74C175 .95 40 19 .35 CT5206· 10 10 POSlt'Oll 1 15
88 3 4 2 00
100 ' . $1 .40 7440 .20 " 74 155 50 75 1 14 90 74C19 3 1 .25 4020 .55 405 2 65 45 20 . 75
4 528 . 75
74L S8 5

~: ~~~
45

.;;
74 LS181 140 74LS 390 1.10

~: ~~~ :~ i:~;;;i 2'~~

600 1 301904 40
t-:::::::=
S I LI CON:-::::=7.:::1==
PO WER R EC T I F :=:-r====1
8838 200 74 156 . 75 75-115 90 74C245 1. 75 65 4053 65
74,.2 45 4021
MPY 112K
MM 5 369AA
25 ,00
1.9 5 DB
CDNNECTDR
744 5
7450 .20
65
74157 .55
741 58 .60
74 160 8 5
75150 60
75325 1.50
7,. C90 1
74C902
.35
.40
4022
40 23
.65
. 25
4060 65
4086 2. "" 1.40
4 53. .95
asas 150
74 LS9 2 45
74 LS93 45
74 LS192
74 LS193
65
65
74LS44 6 200
7 4 LS~1 1.40
PRY lA JA 12A 50A 125A
IE RS MUl Tl TU R N
240A T RI M POT S
DIPSDCKETS 754 91 ' 00 74COO3 .90 4024 .48 4068 35 100 05 .14 _35 90 600 850 50 OHM
DBOP s .80 74 72 .29 74 16 1 65 406 9 .19 4 541B 1.20 74 LS95 .48 74 LSl94 65 74 LS625 1.75
8 P IN .10 22 PIN . 15 7473 9602 90 74C907 . 75 4025 . 25 4 553 1.75 100 06 ,17 _&0 130 -l00 11.50 100 OH M
14 P IN .11 24 PIN 20
0895 ,$ .9 5
74 74
.35
.32
741 6 2 65
74 15 3 65 8 T26 1.10 4026 1.25 40 70 28
4583 90
741 596 40
81 LS9 8 1 ,40
74 L5195
74L S l 96
65
.55
74LS6 45 95
74 LS668 1 .45 400 09 .25 .65 1.50 10 (,.. 13.50 1000 OHM o
16 P IN .12 28 PIN . 20
HOODS·$ .6 5
74 75 .45 74 164 85 8128 1 10
4071 20
4 85 75 74 LS107 .3 5 74 LS19 7 55 74 LSG70 .95 600 .11 30 .80 200 13 00 16 ,00 5K 10 K rn
18
20
P IN
P IN
.15
,18
40 PIN . 25
DB25P ·$ 1.2 5
D82~ $1.50
7476
7480
.50
.45
)4 165 85
141 65 1 00
8T9 7 1.10
8T98 1.10 PLEASE CALL FDR QUANTITY PRICING 7"L S109 .3 5 74 LS22 1
i4 LS240
55
65
25 LS252 1 195 800
1000
.13 .35 1.00 250 16 00
20 45 1.25 3 00 10 00
20 .00 10K 50 1< 100 1<
26.00
3/$2 .00 .
o
m
TE RMS: FOB CAM8R IDGE. MASS SEND CHECK OR MONEY OR DER. SEN D $ 25 FO R OUA CAT ALOG FEAT URI NG s::
MINIMUM T ELEPHONE. C.O .D. PURCHASE ORDER OA CHAR GE $2000. T RANSISTORS & R ECTIF IERS CD
MINIMUM MAIL ORD ER $500. 145 HAMPSHI RE ST.• CAMBRI DGE. MASS. 0 2139 m
:0
SOLID STATE SALES
(~• ,
POBOX
• •
74 D - SOMERVILLE , MASS. 02143
TEL. (617) 547·7053
FAX: (617) 492-8845
TOLL FREE 1·800-343·5230
FOR ORDERS ONLY
WE SHIP OVER 95%
OF OUR ORDERS WITHIN
24 HOURS OF RECEIPT
(0
CO
(0

CIRCL E 74 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 93

 ASSEMBLE YOUR OWN LEARN electronics the practical way. Build your own
COMPUTER FOR LE$$ kit or do tens of experime nts with your own self
trainer. For free catalog : ARLI ELECTRON ICS ,
IBM XT 10 MHz Compatible Kit... $379 2155 Verdugo Blvd. # 22, Montrose, CA 91020.
.4.nI10 MH z Mo th erboard i< i< i< i< i< PRESENTING i< i< i< i< i<
MAGIC! Four illustrated lessons plus inside infor-
.2561<8 RAM (640 1<8m ax)
. 150W Powe r Supply
mation shows you how. We provide almost 50 tricks CABLE TV
• Floppy Disk Controller
• On e 5 1/ 4' 3601<8 Drive
including equipment for four professional effects .
You get a binder to keep the materials in, and a one- DESCRAMBLERS
year membership in the International Performing i< i< i< i< i< STARRING i< i< i< i< i<
• MonoGraphics Card w/ P
.101 Key Keyboard
Magicians with a plastic membership card that has JERROLD, HAMUN, OAK
your name gold-embossed. You get a one-year sub- AND OTHER FAMOUS MANUFACTURERS
• Case (3LED,2Button,Key) scription to our quarterly newsletter "IT's MAGIC!" • FlNESTWARRANTYPROGRAMAVAILABLE
. 12' Amber Mono Mon llor • LOWE ST RETAll/\IIHOl£SALE PRtCES IN us,
• Installation Gu id e & Manu al ~",---=:::.;:::.,:;.;-,,-..;:...'
Order now! $29.95 for each course + $3.50 postage • OR DERSSHIPPED FROM STOCKWITHIN 24 HOURS
and handling. (New York residents add applicable FOR FREECA TAlOG O N LY 1-800-S45-89Z7
IBM AT 12 MHz Compatible Kit.. $705 state and local sales tax). THE MAGIC COURSE, FO R A LL INFO RMATION 1-8 18- 7 16-59 14
. 8/12 MHz Mo th erboard 500 -B Bi County Boul evard , Farmi ngdal e , NY
• 512 1<8RAM (4 MB m ax) 11735.
.200W Power Supply
• Floppy Disk Controller
.One 5 1/4' 1.2 MB Drive
• MonoGraphics Card w/ P
• 10 1 Key Keyboard
• Case (3LED,2Button,Key)
.12' Amber Mono Monitor
• Installatio n Guid e & Manual PROJECT CABINETS/
Display Upgrade: Hard Drive Option:
CGA Package $200 20MB wlCTR L XT-$275 AT· S315
ENCLOSURES
EGA Package $455 30MB wlCTR L XT-S310 AT-$410 RIGID 1/16 aluminum shell, hardwood trim, contem-
VGA Package $500 40MB w/ CTRL XT-S390 AT-$4 15 porary styling. Several sizes and styles available.
MS -DOS with GWBASI C $75 $10.99-$26.99, free brochures. PYRAMID ELEC-
All Componants Fu lly Tested Before Ship TRONIC PRODUCTS, 15020 LaGrange Road ,
VISA & MIC subject to 3% surchar ge Suite 2100, Orland Park, IL 60462.
Pric e & Quantlly sub ject to chan g e without prior not ice
15% Restoc king Fee on All Items

JINCO COMPUTERS INC. MULTI CHANNEL MICROWAVE ANTENNAS

• CRYSTAL CONTROLLED MICROINAVE ANTEN NAS
5122 WALNUT GROVE AVE. FOR OVER THE AIR CABLE SYSTEMS (WIRELESS
CABLE)
SAN GABRIEL, CA 91776 • CAPABLE OF RECEIVI NG 30 CHANN ELS
• CONVERTERS AVAILABLE FOR ZENITH SYST EMS
Tel: (818) 309-1108 CALL FOR PRICE (203) 622-4386
Fax: (818) 309-1107 ATTENTION CABLE BROKERS
IBM , XT, AT are reg istered trademarks of SURPLUS CATV converters and descramblers at
VIDEO·L1NK ENTERPRISES
165 W. PUTNAM AVE. GREENWICH. CT 06830
Intern ation al Business Machine. wholesale prices. Unmodified units only. Oak M35B
$30. (415) 566-9815.
CIRCLE 137 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

f':.wlAss
iiiiiiiliiiii"'iiiiiiiI
'lnteiiiiirn
ati=onal ;rln
C.
EMINENCE
1-800-338-0531
.~" @ MOTOROLA PoIydax
MPIONEER '
18" EMINENCE WOOFER
MADE IN USA
100 oz. magne t, 3" voice
coil . 2SO watts RMS, 350
watts max. 8 ohm, 30 Hz
re sonant frequency. 22-

!--------------,..--------------,..-------------"""'i
3-WAY IOOW CROSSOVER WALNUT SPEAKER 12" SUB WOOFER
2700 Hz response.
Efficiency: 95 dB lW/IM.
Paper cone, treated
acc ordian surround . Net
Dual voice coil sub woofer.
CABINET KIT 30 oz. magn et, 2" voice
weight: 29 lbs.
12 cIBIoctave roll ot!.
800Hz, 5000Hz
Super quality, coils. 100watts RMS, 145 $98.90 $89.50
genuine walnut watts max. fs =25 Hz. 6 ohm # 290-200 (1-3) (4-up )
crossover po ints. 8 (4 and 8 ohm compatible).
ohm. 100 watts RMS.
venee r cab inet. Kit
include s: routed and SPL= 89 dB l W/I M. TITANIUM COMPOSITE
$12 .50 $9.95 mitred top , sides, Response: 2S-700 Hz.
# 260-210 (1-9) (lO-up) and bo ttom in QTS= .31, VAS = 10.3 cu. ft.. TWEETER
unfinished 314- Pioneer " A3OGU3O-SSD.
SPEAKER CONTROL walnut veneer. Cut Net weight: 6 Ibs .

PANEL
your own custom
holes in the fro nt
# 290- 145 ~1~~)80
Panel with SO watt L-pads and rear to match
for tweeter and midr ange your dr ivers. IS" x
24- x 11·. Volume:
and buil t-in LED power
meter . S·x 2 1/2- 100 1.9 cubic leet.
$24.80
watt version av ailable (lO-up)
$14.50 $12.90 # 260 350 $22.50 $19.95
# 260-235 (1-5) (6-up) - (1-3) (4-u p)
12" POLY WOOFER PIONEER BORN
Super duty, 40 oz. magnet. TWEETER
100watts RMS, 145watts Mylar dome. 2.93 oz.
max. 4 and 8 ohm compat-
# 290- 180
barium ferrite magnet. 8
ible (6 ohm). 2" voice coil. ohm. Response: 1800-
(j)
Is ~25 Hz. OTS= .I66,
20000Hz. 35W RMS,
GRILL FRAME KIT
o VAS= 10.8 cu ft.
Response: 25-1800Hz. Net
SOWmax. Is = 2000 Hz,
Z SPL = 106 dB. Pioneer
o weight: 9 lbs. Pionee r " AHE60-51F
a: .. A3OGU40-5lD
I-
o # 290- 125 $36 .80 $34.50 # 270-050 $6.50 $5.90
ill (1-3) (4-up) (1-9) (lO-up)
...J
ill
,~Parts • 15 day money bKX guatIIUHt .$l5.OO rnittrun order ·We accept
o 'l:Xpr! !!!!! _ V.... Ois<xM<,ondC.OD. _ '24 hwrshi_
o« -Ship ping c har ge - UPS chart rate t'loo ($3.00 minimum charge)
"Houu: 8:30 am- 6:00 pm EST. Monday - Friday "Mail order
340E. First sc, o.ytOJ\ Otio 45400 $8.50
a: Local: 1·S l3-222-ll 173 customers, pleue call for shipp ing estimate on orders exceedinq # 260-333
FAX: SI3-222-46« S lbs . (1-9)
94 CIRCLE 56 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 AUDIO UPDATE
CONSOLIDilTED
ELECTRO N I C S
Try the
continued from page aa tallaa-
that music is the wo rst kind of sig-
Elellranils
nal to use in evaluati ng com po - bulletin board
nen ts. I wo uld rep ly t hat it's always system
poss ib le to find a test signa l that
wi ll revea l cir cu it misbehav iors ' (RE-BBS)
that , in truth, have no audible co n- 516-293-2283
seque nces .
I n any case, the p ro of of t he The more you use it the more
aco ustic pu dd ing is in t he li sten- useful it becomes.
ing . Several of t he hi ghest- scori ng
list eners in the group shared the We support 300 and 1200 baud
opi n ion t hat the au d ib le dif- operation.
fere nces among the tested high-
Parameters: 8N1 (8 data bits, no
end players we re essentially negli - parity, 1 stop bit) or 7E1 (7 data
gible. Based on the tests run by bits, even parity, 1 stop bit).
Consumer Rep o r ts, I wou ld ex -
tend that view to in cl ude low-end Add yourself to our user files to
p laye rs as we ll. In ot he r wo rds, increase your access. Order your 260 page catalogue pack ed with over 10.000
money saving electronic parts and equipment. Send $3.00
onc e you 've selected a player check or money orde r. or call 1·800·543·3568 today and
Communicate with other R-E use your Mastercard or Visa.
based on its featu res (and that readers. Consolidated Electronics. Incorporated
might not be easy) you need not 705 Watervliet Ave" Dayton. Ohio 45420 -2599

be concerned abo ut the quality of Leave your comments on R-E with NAME
its so und. Consumer Reports' the SYSOP. ADDRESS
opinion, based o n a recent test of
26 models, is that they all sound
RE-BBS CITY

"splendid." R-E 516-293-2283 ~~~----------~:_-------~

CIRCLE 70 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

When You Don't Waste Something,

You Can Afford To Be Generous With It!
Catalogs are the only way that a Direct Market ing operation cal) let its current and potential customers be aware of
a ll the items that it carries. Additiona lly, they should help the firm's customers make an intelligent purchasing dec ision
based on publ ished specifications and operating characteristics. But because most Mail Order Companies send out
hundred of thousa nds of Catalogs every few months to a ll the people on their mailing list, they become skimpy when
it gets to tec hnical information. If there is room on the page, they put in a graph or two and if they are really hurting
for space they sta rt printing things so small that you need a magnifying glass to read them . What isworse, they send
you the same stale information time after time! We at Electronic Buyers Club have a better idea. All of our Members
receive a Large three ring binder and we only replace the pages that have new information when the time comes .
And because we don't waste paper a nd money by sending everyone the same information over and over, we
include Origina l Manufacturers' Spec Sheets and oftentime the ir complete Ca ta logs. Case in point: our competitor
lists all the technical informati on a nd prici ng for Pa nasonic Type ECQ-E Metallized Polyester Capacitors on one page,
but we supply a four page data sheet
12 Months Saving Guarantee from Panasonic in addition to 4 pages 30 Days Money Back G ua ran tee
Wewill refund the first year Membership of pricing information! So you see, by We will refund the full Membership
Fee of any member who has purchased not wasting paper (and money) in Fee of any new mem ber of Electronic
$300 or more worth of products from sending the same old stuff over and Buyers Club who within 30 Days
Electronic Buyers Club and has not after receiving the Membership
saved an amount greater than the first over again we can afford to be Binder, returns the Binder to EBC
yearMembership Fee, if buying the same generous in supplying complete and asks for the cancellation of
itemselsewhere. expanded information to all of our Membership .
Members.
o
m
~Iectronic 1803 N.W. Linco ln Way • Toledo, OR 97391 o
m
lEu y e r s PHON E (All 50 States & Canada) : 1-800-325-0101
s:
rn
m
(Club :D

A Divi sion of International Canponents Corporation FAX: (503) 336-4400 • Hours: 6:00 AM - 6:00 PM PST <0
co
<0

95
CIRCLE 138 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 NEC V20 & V30 CHIPS MICROPROCESSOR COMPONENTS
Rep lace t he 8086 or 8088 In Yo u r IBM PC and ZllO, ZllOA, ZllOB, SERIES 8000SERIES Continued 8000SEI!IES ConHnued
part No In c reas e Its Spee d by up to 30% p ri ce part No pri ce part No Price Part No Price
UP D7 0 108 -5 5 MHZ) V20 Chlp $5 .25 Z80 125 8 1SS·2 3.75 8286 ..... .......... 2.29
UPD70 108 -8 8M Hz) V2 0 C h lp $6 .95 Z80A 1.29 81CSS 425 8741 .... 9.49
Z80A·CTC 1.65 82 05.. 9.95 8742 14 .95
~~~~)~~~OC~r~~.::::::::::::::::::.~;~:~;
UPD70 108 ·10
~j~~2(~1IDsii2i vi :: ~.~~
UPD70116-8 Z80A·DART 4.95 82Cll ..... 6.95
UPD7 0116- 10 110MHz) V30 C h ip $13 .49 Z80A·PIO
Z80A·S IOIO
1.89
.......... 3.95
8212 ...
8216 .
1.99
.... 1.39 8749 9.95
Z80B .... ... 2.75 8224 .. 1.49 8751H (3.5· 12MHz) 34.95
7400 Z80B· CTC 3 .95 82 28 .. .... 1.49 87SS 13.95
1-9 10+ PartNg 1-9 Z80B· P IO .. .... 3 .95 8237·5 4.25 80286·10 (1OMHz)l CC 29.95
Z8681B l .... 4.95 82 43 1.95 80287 -3 (5MHz/- l09 .95 .10
7400.. .29 .19 7474...... .39 29 8000 SER IES 825OA 4.95 80287 ·8 (8MHZ 209.95
7402 . 29 .19 7475
7476.
.49
.45
.39
8031 3 .95 8250B (F'" IBM).... .. 5.95
=~:1g ~&~ .~)m~~
H .07
......... .25
7404 . .29 .19 .35 8251 A...... .... 1.95
7405 .. .35 .25 7483 ..... .59 .49 8OC31 .. 8.95 ......... .49
8253 1.89 80387 . 16 16MHZ) 349.95
7406 .. .39 .29 7485 ......... .65 .55 8035 1.25 80387·20 2OMHz) 399 .95
8039 1.59 8253·5 1.95
7407
7408
7410
..
.

..
.39
.35
.29
.29
.25
.19
7486 .
7489 .... .
7490....................
.45
2 .25
.49
.35
2.15
.39
8052AHBASIC .. ... 24.95
8080A . .. 1.95
82 C53·5
8254
8255A·5
3 .95
4.95
2.95
82284 (8 Hz)
82288 (8MHz)
U
80387 ·25 25MHz) 499 .95
5.49
6.95
1.1 9
.39
7411 . .35 .25 7493.............. .45 .35 808 5A. .. 1.95
8085A ·2 .... . 3.59 82C55A·5 4.49 DATA ACQUISITION
7414 . .49 .39 7495 ............ .59 .49 8256 11.95 ADC0804lCN 2.99 .75
8086 3.95
7416 .. .35 .25 74 107.......... . .29 .19 8259·5 .. .. 2.25 ADC0808CCN 5.95
7417.
7420 .
.35
.29
.25
.19
74121..... .
74123 ...
.39
.49
.29
.39
~~j.\5~~~Hzj·: :::l~~:~~ 8272 .
8274
. 3.49
4.75
ADC0809CCN
ADCl205CCJ·l
3.69
2O.95
808 7·2 ~MHz ) ....... 129.95 XC556A TP.·. Red .
742 7 .. .29 .19 7412 5... .49 .39 8279·5 2.95 DAC0808LCN 1.75 .17
7430
7432 ..
.. .29
.39
.19
.29
74147.
74150
. 1.99
1.35
1.89
1.25
=.~(8~~;i·:::: ::: ~rs 8282
8284A ........ ..
2.95
1.95
Ay·3·1015D
Ay·5 ·1013A
4.95
2.95
XC556G TP·· , Green .
8155 2.49 IC SOCKETS
7438 . .39 .29 74 151.. 39 .29 Low Prollle WIre Wrap (Gold) Level .2
7442 .
7445 .
.49 .39
.75 .65
74154........
74161.. ........ .
. Le5
.69
1.25
.59 STATIC RAMS 6500/6800 8LP .11 8WW. .49
7446 .89 .79 74173....... .79 .69 pa rt No Fyn ctl on pri ce 68000 Series 14LP.......
16LP....
.12 14WW
.13 16WW...
.65
.69
7447 .. .89 .79 74174 .... .59 .49 2016·12 204lI,8 l 2Oos 2.95 Part No price
7448 . 1.95 1.85 74175 .... .59 .49 24 LP..... .21 24WW 1.19
2102 1024xl 35Oos..... .. 89 6402 ..... 3.75 28LP . . .23 28WW 1.39
7473 .. .39 .29 74193 ... .79 .69 2112 256x4 450ns MOS........ .2.49 6502 2.19 40 LP .29 40WW 1.89
2114N 1024x4 45Ons..........•...•... ...........................•..• .99 6502A 2.59 Solo.rt.n SnncI.rd (Go«l &:TIn) &:Header Plug Sock ets Also Av eW ebM
74LS 2114N·2l 1024x4 200ns LowPower 1.49 65C02 (CM05) 6.95
74LSDO. .26 .16 74LS139 . .49 .39 21C1 4
5101
1024x4
256x4
2DOns (CMOS)... .
4500s (CMOS)
49
1.95
6520 .....
6522
1.59
2.95
74HC HI·SPEED CMOS
74LS02 . .28 .18 74L5151 ....... .49 .39
74LS03..... .28 .18 74L5153 .... .49 .39 6116P·l 204lI,8 10005 (16K)CMOS 3.19 65C22 4.25 part No pri ce pa rt No prtce
74 LS04 ...... 28 .18 74L515 4...... 1.29 1.19 6116P·3 204lI, 8 l5Oos (16K)CMOS 2.79 6532. . . .. 4.95 74HCDO 19 74HC175 ... . .59
74LS05 ... .28 .18 74 l5157... .45 .35 6116lp·l 2048,8 1DOns (16K)l P CMOS 3.59 6551 2.69 74HC02 19 74HC221 . .89
74LS06 .... .59 .49 74l5161..... .49 .39 6116lp·3 2048x8 l 500s (16K)l P CMOS .. . .. 3.09 65C802 (CMOS) 15.95 74HC04 19 74HC240 69
74LS07 . .59 .49 74l5163...... .49 .39 6264p·l0 8192x8 l000s (64K)CMOS . .. 6.75 6800 1.75 74HC08 ............ .19 74HC244 79
74LS 08. .28 .18 74LSl64... .59 .49 6264P·15 8192x8 1500, (64K) CMOS 6.29 6802 2.95 74HC10 19 74HC245 79
74LS09 ........ .28 .18 74 L5165 ...... .75 .65 6264lp·l0 8192x8 l OOns (64K} l P CMOS 6.95 6808 2.49 74HC14 29 74HC253 49
74 L510 ... .26 .16 74L5166 ... .89 .79 6264lp ·12 8192x8 120ns (64K} l P CMOS 6.75 6810 1.25 74HC30 25 74HC259 .. .. .49
74 L5 11.... .29 .19 74l5173 ... .45 .35 6264lp· 15 8192, 8 150ns (64K) l P CMOS. ...6.49 6820 2.75 74HC32 25 74HC273 49
74 L5 14. .49 .39 74 l5174....... .39 .29 6514 1024x4 35OnsCMOS 3.25 682 1.. 1.75 74HC74 29 74HC373 69
74 L52O. .28 .18 74 l 5 175 ... .39 .29 43256·10l 32,768x8 lOOns (256K) LowPower 15,95 68B21 2.25 74HC75 35 74HC374 ... . .. . .69
74 LS21... .29 .19 74l5191 ...... .59 .49 43256·15l 32,768,8 l 50ns (256K} Low Power 14.95 684 0 3.49 74HC76 35 74HC595 1.29
74L52 7..... .35 .25 74 l5192... .69 .59 62256LP·l0 32,768, 8 1DOns (256K) LPCMOS 16.95 6845 ... .. 2.75 74HC85 55 74HC688 1.49
74lS30 ...... .28 .18 74 L5193 ........ .69 .59 62256lP·12 32.768xB l200s (256K} LPCMOS 16.25 6850 1.75 74HC86 29 74HC943 6.95
74L5 32... .28 .18 74l 5 194 ..... .69 .59 62256l P·15 32,768x8 150ns (256K) l P CMOS 15.95 6852 75 74HC123 59 74HC4040 79
74L538 ... .35 .25 7415221 .69 .59 MC68000L8 9.95 74HC125 ... .... .. .49 74 HC4049 29
74 LS4 2....
74LS4 7........
.49
.85
.39
.75
74LS240...
74 L524 1...
.59 .49
.59 .49
DYNAMIC RAMS/MODULES MC68000L1O
MC68OO8P8
11.95
8.49
74HC I32
74HC 138. ..
49
45
74HC4050
74HC4060
29
69
74 lS73..... .39 .29 74L5244....... .59 .49 41256A9A·l0 262.144'9 1DOns 256,9 SIP(Has le ads) 49.95 MC6801OLIO 19.95 74HC139 39 74HC4511 99
74 LS 74...... .35 .25 74LS245 ... .79 .69 41256A9B·l0 262.144'9 1DOns 256,9 SilL 59.95 MC6802ORC12B 59.95 74HCl54 1.49 74HC45 14 .. .. 1.79
74LS7 5... .39 .29 74l5257 ............ .49 .39 421000A9A·l 0 1,048.576'9 1DOn, 1MEG,9SIP(Ha' leads ).. 159.95 MC68701. 19.95 74HC l63 39 74HC4538 ....... .. 1.19
74L576 ....... .39 .29 74L5259... . .99 .89 421000A9B·l0 1.048,576' 9 1DOns lMEG,9SIM 159.95 MC68705P35 15.95 74HC174 59 74HC4543 ... 1.19
74L583 ... .55 .45 74l5273...... .89 .79 421000A9A·80 1.048,576' 9 80ns 1MEG,9 SIP(Has l eads) 169.95 MC68705U3S 17.95
74LS85 ...... .
74LS86 ...
.55
29
.45
.19
74LS279 ...
74l5367......
.49 .39
.49 .39
421000A9B·80
TMS4416·12
1,048,576'9
16.384x4
8On, l MEG' 9 SIM
1200s
169 95
5.95
MC6845OL10
MC68881RC16A
29.95
129.95 74HCT-CMOS TTL
74 LS90 ..... . .49 .39 74l5373... .79 69 TMS4416·15 16,384x4 l 5Ons 5.49 MC68881RC2OA 159.95 74HCToo 17 74HC T139 39
74L593.. .49 .39 74l 5 374 ...... .79 69 4116·15 16,384'1 150ns (MM529ON·2).... ... 1.09 74HCT02 17 74HCT15 7 .29
7415 123 .49 .39 74l 5 393... .89 .79 4128·15 131.072><1 150ns (POOyback) . ...4.49 Commodore 74HCT04 19 74HCT1 74 29
74LS125 ...... .49 .39 74L5541... 1 29 1.19 4164-100 65,536x1 100ns 2.75 74HCT08 17 74 HCT175 .. .29
WDl770 ... . 8.95 74HCT14... .29 74HCT240 . .69
74 LS 132... .49 .39 74L5 590...... . 5 .95 5.85 4164·120 65.536xt 12On5 2.39 5 13052P 99
74lS138 49 .39 74L5688 .. 2 39229 4164·150 .65.536x1 150ns 2.15 74HCT32 .19 74 HCT244 49
6504A .. .. 1.19 74HCT74 29 74HCT245 .. .49
41256·60 262,144xl 60ns 6.95
745 PROMS ' 41256·81J 262,144x1 SOns. . 5.75
6510
652 6
14.95
13.95
74HCT86 25 74HCT373 .. . 49
41256·100 262.144x1 lOOns 3.95 74HCTl 38... .. 39 74 HCT374 .. .. 39
74SOO. .25 745 188· .... 1.49 6526A. 14.95
41256·120 262.144xl 12Ons 3.69
74504..........
74S32 .....
.25
25
745189 ......
7482 40.
1.49
.. ....... 1.39
41256·150 262.144xl 15Ons 3.25
6545·1
6560 ... ..
3.95
6.95 LINEAR
41264·12 64K'4 l200s voec RMI. .. 10.95 6567 24.95 part No 1-9 10+ pa rt No ]·9 lOt
74S74 ........ .25 7452 44 ......... .. .99 41464-10 65,536x4 lOOns 4.95
74$ 112... .25 745287" ... 1.49 6572 .............. .... 6.95 TL071CP 69 .59
41454-12 65.536x4 12Ons.. .. 4.49 6581 (12V).... .. 12.95 D5 14C88N 1.19 1.09
74S 124 1.25 7452 88 ' .. 1.49 TL072CP 79 .69 LM1489N .49 .45
745 138.......... .49 7453 73.... .99 41454·15 65.536x4 150ns 4.25 6582 (9V).. . .. 7.95
51258·10 262.144xl l OOns State Column 8.95 TL074 CN 99 .89 D514CB9N 1.1 9 1.09
74S 153.... .29 74S374 . .99 8502 7.95 Tl 08 1C P 59 .49
511000P·l 0 1.048,576' 1 lOOns (1 M } 12.95 8564 2.95 LM1496N ... .69 .59
74S163 . .75 745387" 1.29 Tl082C P 59 .49 l M1871N 1.95 1.75
74S 174. 291 74S472· ..... ......... 2.95 511000P·80 1.048.576' 1 80n, (1 M I......... .. 13.95 8566 6 .95 Tl084CN .99 .89
514256p·l 0 262.144'4 1DOns (1 M )....... .. 14.49 8701 9.95 l M1872 N 1.95 1.75
74S175. .39 745 571· ..... 2.49 LM307N ....... ...... .45 .39 ULN2003A . .. 79 .69
514258·10 262.144x4 lOOns State Column 26.95 8722 8.95 lM308N 65 .59 ULN2D04A. .. 79 .69
·82 51 oo PLA·· 15.95
CD-CMOS EPROMS 32557 2·01.. 17.95
l M309 K
lM31 0N
1.49
1.49
1.25
1.25
26L5 29 ..
26L5 3 1
. 2 .95 2.75
1.19 .99
C D4001.. .19 CD4051... .59 TMS2516 204lI,8 450ns (25V) 4.95 90 1225·01 15.95 LM311N .49 .39 261532 1.19 .99
C D4002 .. .19 CD4052 ... .59 TMS2532 4096,8 450ns (25V}..... .. 5 95 901226·01 .. .. 15.95 LM3 17T .69 .59 26 L533 1.7 5 1.49
C D4D07 .19 C0 405 3 .59 TMS2532A 4096,8 4500, (12 5V}..... . 3.25 901227·02 4.95 LM318N 1.09 .99 UlN2803A 1.19 .99
CD401 1 .19 CD4060 ... .65 TMS2564 8192><8 4500s{25V} 6 95 90 1227·03 15.95 lM 319N 1.29 1.19 LM2901N . .39 .29
CD40 12.. 25 C 04 066 29 TMS2716 2048x8 4SOns (·5V. +5V, +12V) 6.49 901229·05 15.95 l M323 K 3.49 3 .25 l M2907N l .29 1.19
C D4013 . .29 C 04 06 9 ...... .25 1702A 256x8 2K (1 ~s ) . .. .4.25 90 1460·03 1.95 lM3 24N 39 .35 LM2917N (8 pm) 1.75 1.49
C D4015 .. 4SOns ................. . 6.95 901486· 06 ... . 2.95 LM335 Z 1.49 1.25 MC3470P 1.29 1.19
.29 C D4070 ... .29 2708 1024x8 lM3 36Z 1.09 .99
CD40 16 .. .29 C D4071.. .19 2716 2048x8 450ns (25V j .. ....349 *No specs available MC3479P .. . 3 .95 3.75
CD40 17. " Nole:82S100PLA.U17(G-64) lM3 37T 1.29 1.09 MC3486P 1.29 1.19
.49 C0 4072 .19 2716·1 2048x8 350n, (25Vj 3.95 LM338K 4 .49 4.25
C D4018 .. .49 CD4073 .. .19 27C16 204lI,8 450ns (25Vj CMOS 425 MC34 87P 1.29 1.19
LM339N .49 .39
CD40 20 .
CD4021 .~~ CD4081. .19 2732
2732A·2O
4096,8
4096x8
450ns (25V)
200ns (21V). ..
3.95
39 5
74C/CMOS lF347N 1.49 1.25
LM39DON... ....... .49 .45
LM3905N.... .. 1.29 1.19
.45 CD4093 . .35 LM348N .69 .59
C D4024
C D4027
CD4028.
C D4029 .
.
.
.35 CD4094
.~~ gg:~~~
.89
:~~
2732A·25
27C32
2764·25
4096x8
4096x8
8192x8
2500, (21V} ..........
450ns (25V) CMOS
250ns (21V).
.. ..3.75

.. 39 5
42 5 7=
74COO

74C04
25
. 25
25
74C174
74C175
74C192
39
39
99
l F35 1N
LF353N
l F35 6N
.49
.59
.89
.39
.49
.79
LM3909N.
l M3914N.
NE553 2
NE553 4
. .89 .79
. 1.95 1.75
89 .79
89 .79
.35 C D45 18 . .75 2764A·2O 8192x8 200ns (12.5VI... . . .. 4.19 74COO 25 74C194 49 LF357N . .99 .89
CD4030. 2764A·25 8192x8 250ns (12 5V) 3.49 LM358 N 59 .49 7805K.... .. 1.29 1.19
CD40 40 .65 CD4520 ... .69 74Cl 0 19 74C221. 1.79 7812 K. .... 1.29 1.19
CD4042 . 49 CD4522 .......... .75 27C64·15 8192x8 l 500s (12 5Vj CMOS. .. 49 5 LM380N 89 .79
27128·20 16.384x8 2OOn, (21V}.... . 59 5 74C14 49 74C240.. 99 lM 385Z 1.2 1.75 1.49 7815K 1.29 1.19
CD4043 . .59 C0 45 28 ... .69 74C32 4 5 74C244 ..: 14 9 7805T .49 .45
27128·25 16.384x8 250ns (21V) 5.25 l M386 N·3 79 .69
C D4046 .65 C 04 538 ... .79 LM393N .. ............ .45 .35 78 12T .49 .45
C D4047 .. 65 CD4543 .................. .79 27128A·15 16.384x8 150ns(12 5V) _ 695 74C74 4 9 74C373 149
78 151.. .49 .45
27128A·20 16.384x8 2OOn, (12 5V).. .. 4.75 74C85 1.29 74C374 1.49 LF398N 1.95 1.75
C D4049 .. .29 CD458 4... . .49 l F411CN 79 .69 78L08 .35 .29
C D4050 .. .29 CD4585 ... .69 27C128·25 16.384x8 250ns (21Vj CMOS ...... . 5 95 74C86 29 74C911 595 7905K 1.49 1.25
27256·15 32.768, 8 l5Oos(125Vj 849 LF412 CN 1.29 1.19
74C89 2.95 74C912 7.95 NE555 V 35 .29 790 5T 55 .49
27256·20 32,768,8 200ns {12 5V}....... .. 5 49
EEPROMS 27256·25 32.768x8 250n, (12 5V}........... .. .4 .95 74C9J ...99 74C915 1.19 XRl 555
LM556N ... .49
75 65
.39
75 113
75150
1.39 1.19
1.29 1.19
27C256·15 32.768x8 150ns 112 5V}CMOS 7 25 74C151 1.75 74C917 395
2816A 2048xB 350n5 (9V· 15Vj 5VRead/Write 5.25 lM565N ... .99 .89 75154 1.29 1.19
27C258·25 32,768,8 250ns (12 5V) CMOS 549 .74CI54 2.95 74C920 3.95 75 174 2.9 5 2.75
2816A-25 204BxB 250ns (9V' 15V) 5V ReadiW rlt e 5.49 LM566C N 1.2 9 1.19
27512·25 65.536x8 25005 (12 5Vj .7.25 74CI57 1.49 74C921 395 LM567V... .75 .65 75 175 . 2 .95 2 .75
2817A 2048 x6 350n5 5V ReadfW rlte 6.95 27C512·1 5 65.536x8 150ns (12 5V)CMOS.. ..9 95 74C160 49 74C922 395 LM723C N .49 .39 75 176 . 2 .25 1.95
2864A 8 192x6 250ns5V ReadfWrite (P on 1, NoR/B)10.95 27C512·25 65.536'8 250ns {12 5V}CMOS 749 75451 .45 .39
74C161 49 74C923 395 l M741CN .35 .29
2864A·30 8192x8 300ns 5V ReadfWr ite (P,n 1, NoR1J) 9 95 27C010·15 131.0n x8 150ns (12 5V)CMOS(1 M j 199 5 lM7 47CN .. . .59 .49 754 52 .45 .39
2865A 8 192xB 250n5 5V ReadfW rlte 10.9S 68764 8192x8 64K450ns(25V) (Ch'p Enab e! 14 95 74C162 .49 74C925 495
LM1458N 39 .35 75492 89 .79
52813 2048x6 350n5 (21V) 5V Read Only 1.49 68766·35 8192><8 64K350n, (25V) (Output Enable} 15 95 74C173 49 74C926 595 LM1488N .49 .45 MC1454 06P 2 .95 ' 2.75

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 TEST EQUIPMENT JAMECO IBM PC/XT BMHz Turbo PROTOTYPING PRODUCTS
GoldStar 20MHz Oscilloscope Compatible Kit With 256K RAM Jameco Solderless B readboa rds

o
Free! WordS tar EASY Word ".~
Processing and QAPLUS 0 1·
ag nostic Software Included! SAVE
Free! Now Included with $88.95/
NEW! DR"DOS (Disk Operating
System) Software
256K RAM Included, JE23 JE24 JE27
Expandable to 640K Part Dim . Co ntact Binding
• Larg e 6" rectangular di splay' High sensitiv ity : 1 AMI BIOS ROMs Included No. L" x W" Points Posts Pric e
mV/di v • High accuracy : ±3'10• St ab le , low-drift de· 4.77 or 8MHz Operation JE 20 6.5 x .75 200 0 $2.95
sign · Distortion -tree wavefo rm measurements Flip-Top ces« wl 150 Watt JE 21 3.25 x 2.125 400 0 $4.95
• Specia l TV sync for qui ck measurements' Con- JE 22 6.5 x 1.325 630 0 $5.95
Power Supply J E23 6.5 x 2.125 830 0 $6.95
venie nt X - Y operation mod e
360K Disk Drive JE2 4 6.5 x 3.125 1,360 2 $12.95
GS7020 $399.95 Parallel Printer Port JE 25 6.5 x 4.25 1.660 3 $17.95
Oscilloscope Probes ~ 84-Key Keyboard JE26
JE 27
6.875 x 5.75
7.25 x 7.5
2,390
3,220
4
4
$22.95
$32.95
• Att enu atio n: xl I xl 0 ~ C"" \" Monochrome Amber Monitor
DATAKP hot o Etch PCB Kit
• Capacitance (LFI80) :
180pF I 22i<F; (LF210) :
" J E3002 IBMCorrpa1tlle f'C/XTBMHzTurbo Kit $499.95 Make yo ur own circuit boards !
40p F 1 17pF IBM COMPATIB LE DISPLAY MONITORS The ER4

e~~~nr~f~
LF180 Pictured
LF180 40MH z Oscillos cope Prob e $19.95 AMBER 12' Amber Mono $99.95
LF210 1OOMHzOsci lloscope Probe $29.95 HD55H 14' RGB 640x240 $249 .95 all the chem-
TM5154 EGA 14"720x35O $369 .95 icals neces-
Metex Digital Multimeters JE1059 EGA Monitor & Card $459.95
sary for any
Metex General specs: hobbyist, en-
TM5156 14" VGA720x480 $399.95 gine er or
• Handh eld , high accuracy
• AC/DC Volt age, ACIDC Cur- TM5 157 14" Multiscan 8oox6oo $469.95 student to
rent, Resistanc e, Diodes, JE2060 VGA Monitor & VGACard $529.95 create pro-
Conti nuity, Transistor hFE • fessional circuit boards. Contains: Print frame,
Manual ranging w/overload photo copy film, resist developer , etch resist, 2
protection copper circuit boards, concentrated etchant, film
JE1050 Monochrome Graphics Card w/Paraliel Printer Port (PCIXT/AT).......... $59.95 developer and fixer, resist patterns and complete
M3650 /B & M4650 only:
JE1052 Color Graphics Card w/Parallel Printer Port (PC/Xl/AT)...... .............. $49 .9 5 instructions. Must be shipped ground (surface) .
• Also measures frequency
and capacitance JE 1055 EGA Cardw1256KV,d.o RAM (PC/XT/AT) $139.95 E R 4 Photo Etch PCB Kit $ 3 7 .95

~:~OJ~nwitch
J E1071 Multi I/O Card w/Controller & Monochro me Graphics (PCIXT ) $ 1 1 9 .9 5
JE1060 110 Card w/Serial. Game, Printer Port & Real Time Clock {PCIXT) $ 5 9 .9 5
Jam eco Protot ype PC Boards
'4.5 Digit M4650 Pictured JE1062 RS232 Serial Half Card (PCIXT/AT).. ........... ... ..... ......................... $29.9 5 s pe cs : Laminated
glass epoxy .062" thick
M3610 3.5 Digit Multim. t.r $49.95 JE1065 110Card w/Serial, Game and Parallel Printer Port (AT)........ .. ........... . $ 5 9 .9 5 2 oz. coppe r clad with
M3650 3.5 Digitw/Freq. & Capacitance $69.95 JE1081 2MB Expandedor Extended Memory Card (zero-K on-board) (AT) $109.95 solder tin finish . All
M3650B Sam. as M3650 w/Bargraph..... $7 9 .9 5 XTGEN 20/40MB Hard Disk Controller Card (PC/XT) $7 9 .95 holes are .042" dia. on
M4650 4.5 Dig. w/Freq., Capacitance JE10 43 360K!720KJ1.2MBll.44MB Floppy Disk Controller Card (PCIXT/AT) $49.95 .10" x .10" grid pattern. JE401Pictured
and Data Hold Switch $ 9 9 .9 5 JE40 1 4.5-x6.5" t-sided a-notepadpattern $ 9 .9 5
JE1 044 360KFloppylHard Disk Controller Card (PC/XT) $109.95
J E403 4.5·x6.5· t -slded pwr & gndbusses $ 9 .9 5
Metex Autoranglng Jumbo l003VMM2 360K!720KJ1.2MBll .44MB Floppy/Hard Disk ControllerCard (AT) $149.95
J E 405 4.5·x6.5· t-sldedneneret purpose $ 9 .9 5
Readout DMM
• ACIDC Vo ltage, AC/DC
SEAGA TE HAL F-HEIGHT HAR D DISK DRIVES J E407 5"xI3.25" 2-sid.d g. n. ralpurpos $ 19 .9 5
J E 4 17 4.2·x6.5· PCIXT 112 card protoboard $ 19. 9 5
Current, Resistance , Diodes, ST225 20M8 Drive only(PC/XT/AT) $224.95 J E421 4.75·x3.7"IBMPCIXT Card Ext.n d.r .. $19 .9 5
Continuity and Freq uency
ST225XT 20M8 w/Ccntroller (PCIXT) $269.95
• 3 .75 Digit (.8' High)
• Ruggedized , Water-
ST225AT 20MBw/Ccntroller (AT) $339.95 ENGINEERING/DATA BOOKS
resistant case ST238 30MB Drive only (PCIXT/AT) $2 49 .95 21035 Sams TIL Cookbook (88) $ 1 4. 9 5
• Easy-to-u se pushbutton ST238XT 30M8 w/Contrcller (PC/XT) $299.95 21398 Sams CMOSCookbook (88) $ 19 .95
switches ST238AT 30MB wrcc otrouer (AT) $389.95 ST22SXT Plctured 2245 3 Sams Op·Amp Cookbook (8B) $2 1.95
M80 $ 5 9 .95 Seagate 40MB and 60MB Hard Disk Drives Also Ava ila ble! 27064 5 lntel Bebit Controller Hndbk. (B9) $ 19.95
270646 lntelf S-bitController Hndbk. (89) $ 19.95
A.R. T. EPROM IBM PC/XT/AT COMPATIB LE MOTHERBOARDS 2 7 0 647 lntel az-bnOcntrotler Hndbk. (89) $ 19.9 5
Programmer 104 100 NSC Linear Data Book Vol.1 (88).. $ 1 4 .9 5
• Programs all current EPROMs J E1001 4.77I8MHz(PCIXT) $89.95
in the 2716 to 27512 rang. plus JE1002 4.77 /1 OMHz(PCIXT) $99.95 104200 NSC Linear Data BookVol.2 (88) $ 9. 9 5
the X2864 EEPROM· May b. JE3005 Baby 8/12MHz (AT) $199.95 10 4 3 0 0 NSCLinear Data BookVol.3 (B8) $ 9 .9 5
operated by any RS232 port wi JE3010 BabyB/16MHz NEAT (AT) $299 .95 IC M89 1989 IC Mast.r (3 Volum. S.t! no $ 1 19 .9 5
te rminal e m ulation · Fully intel·
JE3020 8aby 16MHz 80386 $999 .95 EDUCATIONAL KITS
ligent • ASCII comma nd driven
• Menu driven software included JE3025 Baby 20MHz80386 $1199.95
EPP $179.95 JE3026 Full·Siz. 2SMHz80386 $1899.95 JE3025 Pictured
~~:~~~3J:~:~~~~ff" !
SPECIALI Monochrome Text Card I IBM PC/XT/AT COMPATIBLE 3.5" /5.25" DISK DRIVES the principles of fiber
optic system design.
MF353B 3.5" 720KB (PC/XT/AT) $99.95
~
Co mplete step-by-
Sperry Monochrome Display Adapter 356KU 3.5' 1.44MB (PCIXT/AT) $ 109 .95 step Instruction s, the-
• IBM PCIXT Compatib le , ;'~f~
JE1020 5.25" 360KB (PCIXT/AT) Black $89.95
fuio~~frn;~~1~~.and
• Allows for Connec tion
between C omputer and
JE1021
JE1022
5.25' 360KB (PCIXT/AT) B. ig
S.2S· I .2MB(PCIXT/AT) B.ig
$89.95
$99.95
~.~ _ _'"
JE1022
Pictured JE2 206: Function JE2206 Pictured
Monochro m. Monitor generator kit provides
• Use for Text only IBM PC/XT/AT COMPATIB LE INTERNAL MODEMS three basic waveforms: sine, triangie and square
• Great for Network wave . Frequency range : 1Hz to 100kHz
Servers a nd Dedicated 1200B 12001300 8audInternal Modern w/ProComm Comm. Software (PC/XT/ATj .... $49.95 J E 3 10 Fiber Optics Experimenter Kit $ 19 .9 5

Jameco
W ork St ations 2400B 2400112001300 Baud tntamal Modern w/ProComm Comm. Sfwr. (PCIXT/AT).. $99.95
J E3 15 Advanced Fiber Optics Kit $ 2 9 .9 5
TEXT $12.95 External Modems an d Pocket·S/ze Modem Also A vaila ble ! J E 2 206 Function Generator Kit $ 19 .9 5

135 5 Sh orew8Y Ro ad $25.00 Minim um Orde r" U.S. Funds On ly

Balmont, CA 94002 ~ ® ~ CA Residents Add 6%, 6.5% or 7% Sales Tax
24 Hour Order Hotline (415) 592-8097 Ma't":_c_m
d _~
_."_ '--- Shipping - Add 5% plus $1.50 Insurance
FAX's (415) 592-2503 or (415) 595- 2664 _ _ __ (May vary according to weight and shipping method)
T elex 1760 43 . Ans . Back: Jameco Blmt
D ata Sh e ets - 50¢ e ach
Send $2.00 Postage for a FREE 1990 CATALOG
~

VISA·
~
• •
MMC
*_"'i.,E!.o'¥.:':.1Qe.~_1;
Terms: Prices SUbject to chang. without notic• .
We are not responsible for typographical errors.
W. reserve the nght to substitute rnanutacturers.
e 1989 Jam eco Electronics 12189 -- --- - ", Items SUbject to availability and prior sale.
IBM is a reg istered trademark of Products pictured may only be representative.
Internation al Business Machines Complete list of terms/Warranties is available upon request.
24 -Hour Orde r Hotline (415) 592-8097 • T h e Followi n g Phone Lines A re Ava i la b le F rom 7AM - 5PM P .S .T.:
• Customer Service ( 415) 592 -81 21· T e c h n ic a l Ass istance (4 15) 592-9990 · Credit Department (4 15) 5 92-99 8 3 · A ll Othe r Inquiries (41 5) 5 92-7 108

C IRCLE 1 14 O N FREE I N F O RMAT ION C A R D

 *QUALITY PARTS *DISCOUNT PRICES *FAST SHIPPING

ALL ELECTRoniCS CORR

3 to 6 Vd c MOTOR SPECIAL /!! 6 VOLT D.C.
SOLAR CELL
4 inch square
with GEARBOX NICKEL CADMIUM

OJJ
BATTE RY CHARGER 9 .5 AMP/HOUR siliconsolar
Probably de sign ed fo r ch ild s toy . cell. Produces
GEL-CELL 0.3-0.45 volts
Leve r selects 2 forw ard and on e
reverse sp eed . 1st g ea r aprox. @ l500 main
Elpower# 695 direct sunlight.

~
120rpml6vdc,
•• . 2nd gear aprox . ~e~~:'r:~~:I~P!hou r Soldertogether
in series or par-
, 300 rpml6vdc, gel-cell battery . allel forhigher
e . Revers e aprox. RayovaC# CH-4 4.25" X 2.75· X 5.5·. voltage oram-
, 120 rp ml6vdc . Recharges up to four AA. C. 0 or two9 volt Qu ick co nnect terminals. perage. Idealforusein solar panels. bat-
nickel cadmium rechargeable batteries. terychargers and solar energy products.
3.35" X 1.75" X 3 .25" CAT# GC·695
LED charging indicator. CAT# UNCC CAT# SCEL $3.50 each
C A T# DCM·10 $ 6.00 $15.00 each
$10.00 each 12 for $108.00 25 for $75.00

LED'S DOOR /WINDOW ALARM WIDE BAND AMPLIFIER

~
. WALL
P IEZO ~ NECI UPC1651G. 1200 Mhz @3 db•
. ... T RANS F ORMERS
:_ ALL PLUG
S1 AH OAR D J UMBO
DIFFUSED T 1-314size Protects ~ WARNING Gain: 19db @ '.500
hz. 5 volt operation. ')(

~~~~~:d lr~~ ' ""0--1-0

~
DIRECTLY REO CAli LED·1 DEVICE Small package "nm di• . X 2.5 mm thick. '"
Murala Erie. PKBB..(AQ CATI UPC- 1551 2 for $1.00
",T0120VAC 10 10r $1.50 • 100 lor $13.00
GREEN CAli LED·2 High pitched . udb le alarm. oc- 10 for $4.50 " 100 for $35.00
OUTLET
10 for $2.00 ' 100 for $17.00 from ~ erat., on 3 • 20 Vdc @2O rna. 1- N -C HANN EL MO S F ET
6Vdc @200ma. CAT' DCTX·1520 $2.25
YELLOW CAlM LED·3 intruders. ~ htgh x 7/0- d ia. P .C. boatd mount.
9Vdc @250ma. CAT' OCTX.D25 $2.50
CArt PBZ~ $1.75 each
IRF-5n TO-220"'" ~
12 Vac @ 930 rm. CAT' ACTX-12U $3.50 1010( $2.00 ·100for$17.00 Opening of door or window pulls CAlI lRF 511
18Vac @ 1atl1? CA T' ACTX· 18 8 5 $3.50 FLASHING LED ~ pin from alarm module and triggers
$ 1.00 each · 10for $9.00
with built in flashing circuit
operates on 5 volt•.•.
~' loud buzzer. Simple installation. Oper-
NICKEL-CAD LA RGE OUANTIT Y AVAILAB LE

S W ITCHE S RED 5 1.00 each ates on 2 AA batteries (not included). BAT TERIES
ITT PUSH BUTTON CATI LEO--4 10 for $9.50 (RECHARG EABLE) STROBE KIT ·, ' \ ' / .:
Plastic case is 3.32· X 2.29" X 1.19· .

~-
ITT t.l OPl HrieI. ~4· X .~ GREEN S1.00 each SPECIALII AAA SIZE
112"gray rectangular ~ CAT' LEO....a 10 for $9.50 Ivory with brushed aluminum face. PanasoniOlf: P·18AAA
keycop. S.P.S.T. N.O.
BI· POLAR LED ~ CAT# DWA $2.00 each 1.2vol @ 180MAn
Push to dose. RATED: 0.1 arf1) .witctling . 0.25 Lights RED one direction. CAli NCB ·AAAX $ 1.50 each
afTl) carry current. P .C. mount. CA TI PB~
5 for $9.00
GREEN the other. Two leads. 10 for $ 13.50 • 100 for $125.00 Variable rate strobe kl . flashes beIWHn 60 to 120
85eeach· 10for $6.00 • 100 for $50.00 CArt LEO'" 2 for $ 1.70 times per minute. WiRecerate on e~her 6 or 12 Vdc
SOUND AND VIDEO
10 POSITION MINI·ROTARY
Gra)'hilll 56P36·01· ' · lON·C
Mini rotary switch. Non... horting.
~
LED HOLDER ....
Two piece holder. ~
CAli HlED 10 for 6Se
a MODULATOR
Til UM1381-1. Des igMd lor use ~m~
depending upon how you wire the circu~ . Comn
cofTl)lete ~ h P.C. board and instructions for easy
asserri:>ly. CATI STROBE·1 $7.50 each
witt, T.1.ClOITl)Oters. Can be used M SIZE $2.00 each
1 dec*. 10 podion. . .125- dia.
shalt X .375 ' long. .377" beh ind • REL A YS with video ca meras, games or 1.25 YOIts 500 mAh TE LEPHONE COUP LING
other audio/video source. Buik
the panel depth. P.C. pins . 12 VOLT D.C. COIL S.P.D.T. CAl i HCB ·AA TRANSFORM ER
in AlB switctl enables user to
CAT. MRS-,O WAS $2.50 NOW $ 1.50 each Omran' G2E- 184P 4 AfTl) contacts AA SIZE $2.20 each Mukl Products Internatlon all Al9N-HO- 10/ 1

. SPDT PUSHBUTTON
Marqunrdt. 1843 ~
~~;h~l~ize.
.e1· X.'2" X.'" nign.
<>
\V
swncfl from T.V. antenna without
disconnection. Operat., on chan nel
3 or ". Requires 12 Vdc. Hook up
WITH SOLDER TASS
CA T. NCB·SAA
C SIZE $01.25 EACH
Primary 600 ohm
Secondary : 6001600 ohm
.77" X .61- X .63" high.
Raled 6 arrps@ 125/250 VW;. P.C. mount with pin. on QIP spacing. diagram indlJded .
1.2 volts 1200 mAh 6 p.c. pins on .18r centers.
Black P{astic pushbutton . , CAli RL Y-787 $ 1.50 each CAl i AVMOD $5.00 each
Primary inductance:

i
CAT' NCB-C
Switch body: .92" X .94- X .65".
5 VOLT DC SIP RELAY o SIZE $4.50 oad1 300 mH min., at 1kHz. 1 von.
CATt PB- 1S $1.6583C h " 10 for $1.50 eaen
Gould, AUiedContrail ~
LIGHT ACTIVATED 1.2 volts 1200 I'I\l\h CA T, TCTX-1 $1.25each· 10101'$11.00

PUSHBUTTON SWITCH SR.1A.5VOC . r\--) SENSOR CAT. NCB-D

OPTO SENSOR
GClThor n.erll 35-420 SPST'normally ~ This device contains a U shaped package with mountlng
S.P.S.T., normally ope n momentary push · open SIP reed relay. 95 ohm coil. photocell which senses TRANSISTORS ears. 118- opening. 314" mounting
button . wich. Red plas.ticactuator .sz-dl•. 2 afTl) contacts. -'1' X .29" X .39" sudden change in holes. CA TI OSU~ SOC each
ORDER BY PARTt
Chrome bezel .68- diameter. Threaded high. Housing resists fluorocarbon ambient light. Could 10 for .50 . 100 lor 0.00
bushing mounts In .50" diam. chassis hole. and ctIlotinatl!ld commercial solvonts. be used as a door PN2222 N PN
Rated 3 arfl)@ 250 Vac. Solde r loop terminals. CAli RLY -SIP6 anunciator or modified T0-92 5 for 75~ OPTO ISOLATOR
CATI PB·20 $1.00 each $1.00 each • 10 for $8.50 to trigger other devices.
5 112"X ..- X 1-. Operales
PN2907 PNP ~r =
on 6 vee . Requires " AA batteries (nol ind uded) TO-92 5 for 75~ Sigma' 301T1-12B1. Signal appfied to the Input is
JAIIIK WBA1' $1.00 11'111. BUY 10 AMP SOLID CAlIlSM O $5.75 per unit coupled by means of light to Isolated photo con-
2N3055 NPN
STAT E RELAY dlldive cell. High reliability s~ch i ng. 12 volt input.
200 ASSORTED t"-""I T0-3 $1.00each CATI OP-301 $1.50 each
~
1/4 WATT RESISTORS f""D\ ELECTROL. S2181
CONTROL: ~
1/4 WATT RESISTOR KIT MJ2955 PNP
Bent ktads . carbon COI1l>. and carbon tam. Raied5.5 \Q10Vdc ':
Ideal for the workshop. this
TO-3 $1.50 each A.C. LINE CORDS
CA T' GRES $1.00 per assortme nt 1/4 watt resistor kit contains 10 Black 6ft., 1812. spt·2
(will operate on 3-32 Vdc). . MJE2955T PNP
...cIO\ 200 ASSORTED LOAD: 10 a"1'@ 240 Vac
pieces ea.c:h of 42 of the rTlO5t
popular values ("20 pieces to-
~/ ~
T0- 22O 75~ each
~ 2114" X 1 31"- X 718" "'ON POLARrZED PLUG
1/2 WATT RESISTORS ta~ . Includes a divided box and
Bent Hels, carbon co"", and carbo n film.
CAT' SSRL Y-10B $9.50 ea.ch
a parts locator. MJE3055T NPN CAT' LCAC 2 for $1.00 " 100 for $45.00
OUANnTY DISCOll'iT POLARIZED PLUG
CAT' GRA BR E $1.00 per assortment T0- 22O 75~ each CAli LCP-1 60e each • 100 for $50.00
10 lor $85.00 • 25 for $175.00 VA L UES In thi. kit are :
TIP31 NPN
o 0 50 ASSORTED 50 for $300.00 " 100 lor $500.00 1 ohm, 10 ohm. 39 ohm.
T0-22O 75~ each 14.7 VOLT TRANSF ORMER
n n DISC CAPACITORS 47 ohm. 51 ohm, 68 ohm, 100 ohm, 130 ohl'T\
150 ohm, 180 ohm. 220 ohm, 330 ohm, 470 ohm, TIP32 PNP Sprite Industries# ~
M06t are cut (p.c. ~s) . Some to 500 volts XENON TUBE 500 ohm, 680 ohm, t x, 1.2K, 1.5K, 2K. 2.2K. 2.7K. CS -S10A. 14.7 volt. ~ : nr-=1 i
T0- 22O 75~ each
JL(.:../l>
CATI GRA BDC $1.00 pe r assort ment
~ 3K, 4.7K, 5. 1K, 5.6K, 10K, 15K. 22K, 301<. 33K. 39K,
TIP121 NPN 60 hz, 8.82 Va. <"'
15 VALUES OF -=t-F;, "7K . 56K. 68K. 100K, 12OK. 15Cf<.220K. 470K, 1.61· high X ' .95" X - . .~__
~
1" long f1ashtube prepped with
ELECTROLYTiCS 3 112"red and black leads. Idea.l for
1 MEG. 5.1 MEG. 10 MEG T0- 22O 75~ each 1.47. Mounting holeson 2.32" centers.
Contains bot h axial and radlal stytes from 1 mfd. electronk::flash or strobe pro,i&cts.
The resistors alone would sell for $2 1.00. TIP126 PNP CAT# TX·147 $3.00each
CAT' GRAB CP $1.00 per assortment CAli FLT ·3 2 lor $1.00 Comploto kit· CAT# REKIT·14 $17.00 T0- 22O 75~ each 10 for $27.00 • 100for$250.00

CALL OR ORDER TOLL FREE

MAIL ORDERS TO:
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•
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Z FAX: (818)781-2653
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QUANTITIES LIMITED
oW CATALOG TWX-51 D1D10163 (ALL ELECTRONIC)
CALIF. ADD SALES ' TAX
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W OVER OUTSIDE THE U.S.A. USA: $3.00 SHIPPING
6 4000 SEND $2.00 POSTAGE FOREIGN ORDERS
o« INCLUDE SUFFICIENT
CC PARTS! Now 60 pages! FOR A CATALOG!!
SHIPPING . NO C.O .D .
98 CIRCLE 107 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
What's New at The "First Source" for the
Tinkerer, Teacher, Hobbyist,
AMERICAN DESIGN COMPONENTS? Technician, Manufacturer, Engineer
5 1/ 4" FULL-HEIGHT
W e warehouse 60,000 ite ms at
American D e sign Components-
e x pe nsi v e, often h ard-to -fi n d com-
3 1/2",20Mb.,
HALF- DISK DRIVE
JVC 20Mb INTERNAL 1200-BAUD MODEM
TAPE BACK-UP Operat es at 300
HEIGHT w/CONTROLLER & 1200 baud .
ponents f or sal e a t a f ractio n of t he i r (IBM - !t\o ' Bell 103,
o rigin al co st I HARD Compat.J . 2 12A; CCIT-
Call Toll Free: (800) 776 -3700 DISK V.22 com-
DRIVE patible.
Bui lt- in
THERE'S NO RISK! (ST225 Compatible)
MNP.
With our SO-day warranty, Internal
Univ ersal 511... mounting. For speaker, err or
any purchase can be returned for PClxr/AT compatible computers.
any r e a s o n for full credit or refund. Ave rage access tim e: 62 msec. correct ion. RS-232C cable con -
n ects unit to your com pute r. 7
Mf r - Lapin e #LT2000. 48 TPI, 40 Track, status lights. vo lume control, AC.
ADAM Item #15853 RFE - $179.00 Double Side/Double Density Includes Sysgen Interface Card & 2 phon e jack s. incl. AC plug &
COMPUTER Western Digital Controller Card Mfr.- CDC 9409T (#3044-0011. manuals & soft wa re. phon e wire. (Mfrs' Close Dutil
For above drive. Item #7928 $79.00 New JVC #MTD-520H Microcom SX/1200
Item #10150 $89 .00 2 fo r $150 .00 New Item #23821 New - $199.00 Item #24034 New - $59.95
ATARI HOME COMPUTERS... 3M DATACARTRIDGE PC/XT/AT-
* Capablaofrunning over2,000 Reliable, _
COMPATIBLE MULTI-
(Lessprinter)
Nowinng necessary, justplugs togetller. Hook-up
Atarlprograms (IncludIng
musIccomposition)
Low Cost
Dala
1 .. \
J FUNCTION BOARD
diagramincl. Includes: Keyboard, 1 cassettedigital * Memory: 64K RAM, 24KROM Storage! ~l
datadnve, 2 game controllers,power supply & one (Operating system, plus"Atarl • 8ackcoatedtape :_ _ .~
processor.C~e
cassette. ofrunning CP/M; has _built·i
Item ' 7410 .. _n_word
_ _ Bsslc
_" programmIng
_ language) _ reducesstaticattraction, ensures long·
Comptete - $129.00 * CPU:6502C Mlcroprocessor; · term dataprotection:- -- - - - -
• Uniquecovermounting reduceswarp-
ADAM 51/4"D1SK DRIVE Clock speed: t.79Mhz. age,ensures correcthead/tape align·
Item '12830 - New Speclal- $175.00 67-key. fUII-~~g~~~YbOard. WI
aOOXL
62-key. fu ll-stroke keyboard in -
ment, protects data.
Contai ns t he fo llowing: Paralle l
ADAM PRltITER built- in diagnostic self tests. in- • High·speed drive roller increases oper-
clud es: 4 specia l-fun ction key s ating speed,extends cartridge life. port, real-time clock wlbattery
Item#8839 New - $69 .50 cluding: Memory. AudioNi sual, & & 29 graphics keys. Own er's Unformatted Storage back up. 2K programmable RAM.
DATA DRIVE Item #6641 $ 19.95 Keyboard tests. Owner's guide. TV gui de, TV sw itchbo x, AC po wer Model Length FTPI capacity 2 opt icall y coupled in terf ace
switchbox. AC power adapto r. & ad apto r. & "A tari Basic " guid e adapto rs. Software & schematic
PRltITER POWER SUPPLY $1495 " Atari Basic" guid e also includ ed. also inc luded. #DC300A 300 ft. 3200 2.9 Mb.
included.

r
Item #6642 • It em #24144 RFE-$59 .95 It em #24141 New-$49.95
Item #24781 RFE - $9.95 Item #24153 New - $29 .95
ASCII KEYBOARD ~:;::;==:::-::~===~r=:::;:.::~===.....::...:.;::;:.::.::+=-.;.;::;.;:::~::-::::=::-::-==:.r;=:7:==7;':;=~=::.t
ltem #66 43 $19 .95 ATARI DISK DRIVES CAMCORDER MULTI-ACCESS HIGH RESOLUTION
COtITROLLERS (Set of 4) 5 11. " External CASE REMOTE CONTROL TTL MONITORS.. .
Item #7013 $9.95 RFE wlpower One remote controls your 12VDC • Open Frame
ADAM CASSETTES supply Tv. VCR & Cable
Incl. Smart Basic, BuckRogers& blank casselle. . Convertersl
Item#778 6 Baker'sDo zen _ $ 19.95
NEW BLANK TAPES
Item#20868 4 for $ 10 .00 9"
SMARTBASIC PROG. MANUAL Green
Item#20875 New - $14.95 IDesigned for Phosphor
ADAM DAISY PRltIT WHEEL 800LX/1200XL Computers!) Schemat ic included. Mfr: Audio-
Item' 13305 $3.95 360K IDS/DO) t ronics/Eiston
ADAM SOFTWARE SET
Percom #RFD40-S 1. Item #17198 New- $19.95
Includes Expertype,ReapeFiler, SmartLetters & Item #24151 New - $79.95 12" Green Phosphor
or z tor $150.00
Forms, and~:~n#21746
Sch ematic in cluded.
New _ $29.95 Item #6811 New- $19.95
laOK ISS/DO)
CALL OR WRITE FOR Percom #AT88-S1 12" Black & White
Item #24152 New- $59.50 Schematic inclu ded. Mfr: Zenith
NEW 1990 CATALOG or2 for $100.00 Item #21930 New - $24.95
LEAD ACID, RECHARGE- EXTERNAL DISK DRIVE MS DOS / CPM COMPUTER
ABLE BATTERIES ' CHASSIS WI60W powersupply "High Resolution" "Graphics Capability"
(Fan coolad - .
12 V 'DIsk drives
notincl.)
** IBM Compatiblel
Capable of running MSiDOS 3.2
Can be usedwith our Disk Drive
Chassis, item#t4541. & DSlQuad
@
2 .5 Ah Density DiskDrive, ilem#1893
256K , e xpandable (chips
(seead at lelt).
must be h ard-w i red in ).
Can \ Operates on 115 or 230V.
Oim .: 2.61" accommodate:" "'·" " Complete with 15" mono-
2 full-helght drives; '. chrome mon itor (amber), Built-in printer output (seri al
x 5.27" x 2.34"
Item #24351 New - $15.95 2 floppy drives; or 1 hard 93 ·key Swedish ke yboard or pa rallel). Hook- up diagram
drive & 1 floppydrive. Input: 11 51 230V, (most characters are in included I Manufactured for
12V@6Ah 50160 Hz. Ong.for Burroughs computer.
Eng lish) . Compis in Sweden .
Dim.: 5.89" x 2.53 " x 3.67" Dim.: 11x8'H x 12'0
- $ 19.95 Item #21934
Item #24352 New Item #14541 $59.50
12V @15Ah 5-1 /4" FULL-HEIGHT (Disk drives not incl uded!) New - $199.00
Dim .: 7.05" x 2.9 6" x 6.51 " FLOPPY DRIVE Uses 1 o r 2 DS/Quad (Manufacturers' cIoseout-
- $39.95
Item #24354 New Items #1893 139.00 Densit y Disk Drives. ~-----------~ wecannot accept relurns onthisItem.)
14" COLOR MONITOR AMERICAN DESIGN COMPONENTS, 815 FAIRVIEW AVE,. P.O. BOX 220, FAIRVIEW, N.J. 07022 MINIMUM
(CGA -IBM Compatible!) ORDER
YES! Please send me the following items- 0 My check or mon ey ord er is enclosed. $15.
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No .
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Man 7 Oeser; tion Price Total
0 Charg e my credit card.
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RE-1289

Card No .
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Sign ature
Inpu t : Telephon e: Ar ea Code Number o
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115/2 30V.
I Tota l Name o
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50/60 Hertz _ _ _,.I
Ship pin g & handli ng: we ship UPS unl ess
(autom aticall y ot herwise speCIfied . Ad d 10% o f Tot al plus $3.
Address ~
switc hable). Resolution : 640 x 240 (RGB- Canadia n: $3 plus P.O . cost. Charge onl y. OJ
City m
hor iz . x vert.). C om p le te w/CGA card
and IB M interf ace cables. Bui lt- in stand. Sales T~ie~~eJ!d"J~~n~~t~~Yi Stat e Zi p ::0
Dot p it ch: .31. Mfr - Hitac hi ; mad e fo r ORDER TOTAl All inquiries and free catalog requests-scett (201) 941-5000. <0
Dat a General. Item #22475 Q)
<0
Special Offer... New - $199.00
CIRCLE 106 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 99
 ~~® ~~ INTEGRATED CI ITS
4519BCIII
IN
AK. Puerto Rico - 218·681·6674

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Telex - 62827914 FAX - 218·681·3380 •••• , • • • • • O".
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« WHEW OROiRJNC BY PHONl CALL 11 0034 4 4f1U IAK u ll 211611 6614 1 BYMAIL S U D YOUR OROlR TO DIGIKEY PO 8 01 611 . lIur f R,m hil s Mil ~"O l
.25 00.nd Up •••••••• •••••• NoCh.,'iI• • 10000 . 24999
S 250 00 $499 99 .
l e •• l0 '/,
l e nl!:!-' .
a:: ..
:~~ ~~;':.:;~ :".;::-::..7::;::".:';'.. ~C:~~ . :1,":,:":" ~ '~A '.:.~ ; c:p::g::;~~~~~~~'i~ ~·;;/-:~"r';';~~~~; ;;;~tl ..- [),.1' . .... " ... 1"" ...·1..'• .~•. "... ", _ /0 "'~ . I... '" _I :1= ~uSp999 99 ~ ::: ~~:
CIRCLE 82 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
100
 MARK V ELEORONICS,
... INC.
_lrIlmllliJDlElDl!lllmmll
PROFESSIONAL COLOR LIGHT
CONTROLLER SM-328 * MODEL DESCRIPTtON
AMPLIFIERS
KIT

I!ff!l ...
Assembled & tested $150.00

~~;~ ',' " lU

il l
." ~.
TheSM-328 profession-
al color light controller
is keyboard program-
mable forease of use. it
allows full control of
intensity and flashrate.
TA·D01
TA·006
TA-007
TA-10
TA-28MK2
TA-SOAIB
TA-SOC
TA-120MK2
TA-300
1W Mini-Amplifier'" .. . . .. . . .. • • •.
6WMini-Amplitier A
12W MiIl~Amplifi er A
StereoPre.-Amp. w/magnetic mic. amp
DigitalVoice Re<:o<der A A
Mult~Pu rpose Melody Generator A
Mult~Pu rpos e Melody Generator A
Class"A"M ain Power Mono Amp. A A
30WMUltI-Purpose Si" lleCh3l1nel Amp. A
..

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
$ 5.07
6.90
11.20
8.20
30.00 $ 40.00
11.84
12.65
31.25
20.00
1658
17.71

It has four separate chann els with capacity of 1170 watts

per channel.Total wattagecapability is 4.68 killowatts. This
TA-302
TA-3221
60WStereoPower Booster A A *
SOW + 50WICStereo Amp. wiled leve(display A
.. 50.00
35.50
70.00
is equivalent to bulbs or 9365-watt colored bulbs and is TA-323A HO 30W + 30W StereoAmp. A . 29.50
sufficient for the largest halls and auditoriums. • TA-377A FET Stereo Pre-Amp. A A A . 59.95 75.00
Independent input signal control - Professional styled TA-400 40WSolid State Mono Amp. A .. 28.00
control panel • 4 independent outputs - 4 independent TA-477 120W Mosfet Power Mono Amp. A A . 68.00
~~~ t ~~~ gg ~~~"~atn~er~ A:;: .
TA-800 60.92
dimmer controls - Chaser speed controls - Automatic TA-802 45.94
chaser operation _ 4 presetchaser programs - Clockwise
chaser control _ Anti-clockwise chaser control.
TA-820A
TA-1000A
+
60W 60WOCL DC Pre-M"n Stereo Amp. AI. 48.00
1OOW Class" A" Main Power Mono Amp. A A . . 59.69 80.58
SPECIFICATIONS: Input se ns i ti vity(music mod el): TA-1S00 lOOW x 2 Class"A- DC Stereo Pre-Main Amp.AAA 73.70 95.81
100mV. (m usic & program) : 2 V • Ou tpu t p o wer: TA-2400A Electronic Echo& RevelationAmp. 1. 1. 1. * . . . 93.30 116.80
1170W per cha nne l 4680W to tal. Pow er reeutre- TA-2S00
men t: 10S-120V, eom » Dim en si ons: 14.3 2 " wide,
9" h ig h, 3.19" d eep.
TA-2800 ~eF7~~~~fp~~~~/r:~~i~:.u~~~l.: i 48.90
90.00
TA-3000 Stereo SlmuiatOlAI. .
86.00 1~~ ~~ t-:=':'":"":-:-:-:-:-:-:-:=-=-=:-:-:-:-::=~~
33.20
• ------------------f TA-3600 3DOW HO Hi-Fi Power Mono Amp. AI. A . --I
SURROUND SOUND PROCESSOR DYNAMIC NOISE REDUCTION UNIT
MISCELLANEOUS SM-666 & Complete kit $26.00
SM-333 & & Assembled s tested $83.00
MODEL DESCRIPTtON KIT '. Assembled & tested $34.00
Completed kit $62 .00
TY-1A BatteryFlourescentUghtDriver A . $ 5.19
The new SM-333 sur-
round sound processor
TY-7
TY-8
Electronic Touch SwitchA .• . .••• .. ... .•• .•
ELectronic Lotto A ,
7.15
, . 15.00 ~
" G~The SM-666 Dynamic Noise
V Re<lJcl lon Unit is designed
is a full featured unit TY-11A Mult ~Fu nctiona l Controi Switch A . 5.19 ~ to reduce noiseduring play-
TY-12A
that is designed to provide your system with the ultimate
musical realism. It has inputs for VCR, Video Disc and
TY-13 g,,~traU:~~d~~t~~lteier'A:: : :: : ::: : :: : : 20.15
16.63 back fromcasetetapes, LPrecords and compact discs. aswell asFM
Compact Discand can also be used with FM tuners, tape
TY-14
TY-18
Electronic ShockA .. 6.25 ~~it~s~~~~~saj,~~:~~7;eSr~;t~~~dLBM~~~~W6a~
decks and LPdiscs - in fact anythingthat can beconnected TY-20 ~iR~a~:C~\~ ~~r~~i;~t: .~, : : :: : : : 9.22
21.45 thegreat advantage that rt canbe used with all musical formats on
to your pre-amplifier. It also has front panel control of TY-23B
TY-2S
3 Channel Color LiQht Controier A A A
Stereo LoudspeakerProtector A ,,
* . 71.50
. 12.65
$82.50 playback whereasexisti"l noisereductionsystems such asDoibyB
and C operate with magnetic tapes only. The output of theunit is
dynamic noise reduction, surround level, effect and time connected directly to the systemamplifier input as shown ill the
delay upto 50 milliseconds. Rearpanel outputs for frontand TY'3S FMWirelessMicrophone A ." . 9.22
TY-36 AC/DC Quartz Oigital ClockA . 18.00 schematic. Theunit can be switchedout or bypassed if desiredin
rear stereospeaker amplifiers. Theunit may bepurchasedas TY-38 SoundlTouch Controi Switch A . 1200 orderto comparethenoisereduction advantagewhenplayinganoise
a kit or fully assembled ready to plug in.
SPECIFICATIONS : Frequency respon se: 20hz to
TY-41 MK111
TY-41MKV
Infrared Remote Controi UnitA A A .,
InfraredReroote Controi UnitA A A .. "
. 15.00
. 20.00
25.00
~Wic';IFICA
35.00 20 K ohm . TlONS ' Input signal leval: 3.5 V RMS MAX.
TY'42 BarlDot Level Meter A A .. 24.15 Noi se redu ction : 10dS • Power supply: 9 to
20 k hz . Total harm onic dis tortion: Fron t channel 46.20 1-
12V recomm end ed. Ope ratinQ current: 2 7mA MAX ....
: 0.05 %, Rear ch ann el: Les s than 0.25 % • Input TY-43 31'z Digital Panel Meter A : .. 33.00
sig na l voltage : 0,1 t03 ,5V • Output: Fron t etten- TY-45 20 Steps 8ar/Dot Audio Level Display A A . 38.45
TY-47
nel: 0.1 to 3.5 V, Rear chan nel : 6.6 V . Delay tim e
SM-222 ~ur.:. ~~~~rci~q~~~ef.t.AA" · : : : : : : : : : 26.80
19.46
: 5 to 50 millis econds. Inp ut impedance : 4 7K •
Pow errequi rem ent s : 110 / 220 VAC, 50 /60hz. SM-328
SM-333
4 Channel Professional Color Light Controller
AudiO/Video Surround SoundProcessor 1.1.1.* 62.00
*. 38.80
150.00

.-----------------1
Dimensions : 14.2" wide, 4,82" deep, 2. 1" high.
i_~-666 ~t~a~t~~:~tf~-ooidOO; sensa' *::.
26.00
83.00
34.00

," ..*
22.00
100W DYNAMIC CLASS A MAIN T-2 LCDThermometer Clock wi F & C measurement
POW ER AMPLIFIER TA-1000A&& " 8S01
" 8S04
ParrotTalkingClock
Mynah TalkingClock
** 19.80
12.00
12.00
Assembled &
tested $80.58 POWER SUPPLIES
Complete kit MODEL DESCRIPTION KIT
$59.6 9 TR-100A 0-15V 2A Regulated DC Power Supply , 59.50 69.50
This well designed and stable TR-3S5A 0-15V 5A Regulated DC Power Supply 12.92
TR-3SSB 0-30V 3A Regulated DC Power Supply ' .. •. . . 12.92
amplifier features DCcoupling through TR-S03 0-50V 3A Regulated DC Power Supply -. , . • 14.76
out and a fully complemenlarysymmetry
circuit topoiogy. It operates Inclass A at lowandmedium INSTRUMENTS
levels ana gradually shifts to class AS operationat high
MODEL DESCRIPTION KIT
levers. A pair of these amplifiers provide 200 watts of
SM-43 31'z M u lt~Functlonal Led D.P.M. ' 34.50 43.00
super highfidelity sound reproduction. SM-48 41'z Hi-PreclskmD.P.M , 38.00 48.00
SPEC IFICATIO NS: Power ou tput : 100 watt s into SM-48A 41'z Hi-PrecisionD.P.M. wi stndrd case 41.20 52.00
8 ohms. 125 wa tts Into 4 ohms • Frequ ency res- SM-100 150MC Digital Frequency Counter . . . , . 90.00
po n se:lOhz lo 100khz _ Total harm oni c di stortion
: L es s than 0.00 8% • SIgn a Ito noi se rat io: Bett er
FC10QDA 1 GHz Frequency Counter . . ... .. •. . 192.00 43.001--=-=-=-__- __ ------------1
thanBOdB. Sen siti vity : 1V . Pow errequirem ents 300W HI-FI POWER AMPLIFIER
: 35 to 45 VDC @ 3amp _ Sugge sted rack mount METAL CABINETS (MONO) TA-3600 & &&
cabinet : Mark V LG1924 or LG1925
...- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 MODEL DESCRIPTION MATCH ING EASET Assembled & tested $110.00
LG-1273 3" x 12" x 7" TA-2800, TA-377A $20.16 Complete Kit $86.0 0 Transformer $38.00
DIGITAL VOICE MEMO TA-28 MK II &&
LG-1684 4" x 16" x 8" TA-322i,TA-323A,TA-377A 24.64 10,000 UF80V E. Cap $20 .00

~ "NlMJ
LG-1 924 4" x 19" x 11.5- TA-802, TA-820A, TA-1500, TA-120, The TA-3600 is an extremely
TA800 TA1000A 30.00 Iigh power amplifier specifically
NEW;
: ~f\
Lu -~-1 92 5 5" x 19" x 11.5" -, - .. .. .. .. .. . ..
TA477, TA-BOO, T....15OO, TA-1OCOA 33.00
designed to reproduce the high
dynamic range available on
LG-1983 214" x 19" x 8- TA-377 A,TA-2800, TA-2200, TA-120MK II compact discs. It has lownoise.
Kitl Assembled & tested TRANSFORM ERS high stability, low distortion.
extended frequency range and
$3 0/ 40 MODEL DESCRIPTION MATCHING PIECE high efficiency in a compact
FEATURES : So ita Stat e Record / Piay Back . " 001 56VCTt0 60V CT 6A TA·800, TA-802, TA-820A, TA-tOOOA, package. Two of these unit s
Po wer/ Record LED Indicator • 4 Bit ADPCM TA-1500 , $25.00 with appropriate power supply and pre- amplifier are
Algorithm. 8 Bit AD / DA Co nvert er . 256 K " 002 72VCT3A TR-503,TA-322i, T 323A,TA-400 19.00 required tor stereoreproauction.
M e mory Capacito r. 8 SEC or 16 SEC Recor d Tim e " 003 80VCT 6A TA-477 ,. , ... . .. .. ..... 24.00 SPECI FICA TlONS : Power output : 300 watts sine
- Sampli ng Frequ enc y BKHz or 4 KHz . In cluded " 004 48VCT6A TA-120 19.00 wave 540 watts musi c pow er . Frequ en cy res-
Co ndensor Mi c & Speak er . Buiit in Lo w Pass Fill er " 005 52VCT 3A TR-35 58 12.00 ponse : Total harmo nic distortion : Less than 0.05%
- LoW Pow er Consump tio n • Supp ly Voltage : " 006 36V CT SA TR-355 A , ,., 13.60 • Sensitivity : 1 Vms at 4 7K • Po wer requireme nts
5 - 6 DC . Dim ension s: 3 """ x 2 '!rJ" x I " " 007 112VCT 8A TA-3600 38.00 : 60 to 75 VDC at 8a mp , o
m
- WE ACCEPT MAJO R C RED IT CARDS, MO NEY ORDERS AND CH ECKS - BUSINE SS & SHOWRO OM HOURS : (PACIFI C TIME) MON.- FRI.: 9:30 A.M.- 5:00 P.M., SAT.: 10:00 ()
A.M.-5:00 P.M.TERMS : 5 10.00 MIN . O RDER • 52 0 MIN. CHARGE CARD ORDER· WE SH IP UPS.GROUND· ADD 10% OF TOTALO RDER (M IN. 53 .00) FOR SHIPPI NG OUTSIDE
USA, ADD 20 % (MIN. 5 5.0 0) • TRANSIT INSUR ANCE: ADD 5% OF TOTAL (OU TStDE USA ON LY). CA RESIDENTS ADD SALES TAX • AL L MER CHAND ISE SUBJECT TO PRIOR
m
~
SALE· PRICE S ARE SUBJ ECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTI CE • WE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. OJ
CATALOG OR INFORMATION : 213-888-8988 • PHONE ORDER : 1-800-423 -3483.IIN CALIF.} 1-800-521-MARK FAX : 213-888-6868 m
JJ
MARK V ELECTRONIC, INC. - 8019 E. Slauson Ave., Montebello, CA 90640 a 3t CD
CIRCLE 93 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
101
 IJel'td'c
HIGH -TECH
FR-4 EPO XY GLA SS LAMINA?E WITH GOLD PLA?ED
EDGECARD FINGERS AND SILK SCREENED LEGENDS
PARTI SIZE SPEED PRICE
4164-150 65536xl 150n5 2.49
.- - ------~+.IlR
t'-"
4164-12ll
4164-100
TM54464· 12
65536xl
65536xl
6553 6x4
120n5
lOOns
120n5
2.89
3.39
9.95
SPOTLIGHT I
,
' I
' \
41256-150
41256-12ll
41256-100
4125lHlO
262 144 xl
262 144 xl
262 144xl
262 144 xl
150 n5
120n5
lOOns
80 ns
3.99
4.49
4.99
5.49
What can you expec t from addi ng a math co-processor ?
If you run programs th at specifically state suppo rt from a . . -
_._LJ llo %111 t
41256-6() 262 144x l 60n s 7.99 co-processor, you will realiz e significant increa ses in speed FORXT
414256-100 262 144 x4 l OOns 14.95 from its addition. However, if the program doe sn't suppo rt a
414256-81) 16.95 JDR·PRl WITH . 5V AND GROUND PLANE 27.95
262144x4 80n s co- proc essor, then no matter what , the program won 't run
1 MB· l 2ll 1048576,1 120n5 13.95 JDR-PR2 ABOVE WITH I/O DECODING LAYOUT .._29.95
any faster .
1 MB·1oo 1048576,1 l OOns 14.95 JDR·PR2-PK PARTS KIT FOR JDR-PR2 ABOVE ....... 8.95
Some programs benefit more than others, in particular,
1 MB-BO 1048576,1 80n s 15.95 tho se th at make heavy use of Floating Point , Trigonometric , FOR AT
Logarithmic and Expon ential calculations show the most JDR·PR10 BIT WITH IJODECODING LAYOUT __ .. 34.95
SIMM/SIP MODULES Improvement . CAD, spreadsheets, so me datab ases, and JDR-PR1O-PK PARTS KIT FOR JDR-PR10 ABOVE ........ 12.95
PARTI SIZE SPEED TYPE PRICE Mandl ebrot programs are f ~eq uen tl y wrttten to use a co-
processor If It's availab le. FOR PS/2
41256A9B·12 256K x 9 120ns 5 IMM/PC 49.95
41256A9B-BO 256K x 9 sons SIMMJPC 59.95 How much your applica tion will speed up depends on th e JOR·PR32 32 BIT PROTOTYPE CARD ....... 69.95
421OOOA8B·l0 1MB ' 8 100ns SIMMJMAC 159.95 ratio of tim e spent on math calc ulations versu s oth er JDR·PR16 16 BIT WITH 110 DECODING LAYOUT 49.95
421OOOA9B·1 0 1MB' 9 100ns SIMMJPC 159.95 operations. A 3 to 10 time s Improvement Is not uncommon JOR·PRl6-PK PARTS KIT FOR JDR-PR16 ABOVE 15.95
421000A9B-BO 1MB '9 80ns SIMMJPC 169.95 certain oper ation s are even faster. JDR-PR16V 16 BIT FOR VIDEO APPLICATIONS 39.95
256KX9SIP-BO 256K x 9 80ns SIP/PC 69.95 The co-processor you need is specific to the type and
256KX9SIP-60 256K x 9 sons SIP/PC 79.95 EXTENDER CARDS
speed of proce ssor. For 8088186 and 80386 based machines,
1MBX9SIP-BO 1MB x 9 80ns SIP/PC 179.95 SIMPLIFY PR0707YPING AND TESTING
th e general rule is to use an 8087 or 80387 of the same speed
as the processor, i.e. an 80386-25 requires an 80387-25. EXT-8088 8-BIT FOR 8088 MOTHERBOARDS ......... 29.95
STATIC RAMS 80286 based machines frequently use a co-processor EXT-B0286 16-BIT FOR 2861386MOTHERBOARDS . 39.95
PARTI SIZE SPEED PINS PRICE running at 213rds the processor speed , i.e. an 80286-12 EXT·16 MICROCHANNEL 16-BIT 69.95
HM6116LP·2 2048, 8 120n5 24 4.99 require s an 80287-8 . EXT·32 MICROCHANNEL32-BIT 99.95
HM6264Lp·15 8 192x8 150n 5 28 8.95 Derick Moore , Director of Engineering
HM6264Lp·12 8 192x8 120 n5 28 9.95
KM43256Lp·12 32768xB 120 n5 28 21.95
HM43256LP-10 32768x8 lOOns 28 24.95 PC BREADBOARD-ON·A~ARD
EPROMS
• 62 BUS LINES
PARTI SIZE SPEED Vpp PINS
• USE UP TO 24 14-PIN ICS
MATH COPROCESSORS 2708 1024x8 450ns 25V 24

Intel'
2716 2048,8 450ns 25V 24 • 1940 TIE POINTS
2716-1 2048, 8 350ns 25V 24 • DB25 D-SUB CONNECT.
B-BIT COPROCESSORS • 4096x8 21V
8087 5 MHz 89.95 5 YEAR 2732A 250ns 24 PDS-604 .......... $49.95
2764 8192,8 450n5 12.5V 28
8087-2 8 MHz 129.95 WARRANTY 2764· 250 8192,8 250 ns 12,5V 28
8087· 1 10 MHz 169.95
2764-2llO 8192, 8 200 ns 12.5V 28
1B-B1T COPROCESSORS
80287 6 MHz 139.95
27C64
27128
8192,8
16384x8
250 ns
250 n5
12.5V
12.5V
28
28
SOLDER STATION
80287-8 8 MHz 2ll9.95 27128A-2llO 16384x8 200ns 12.5V • UL APPROVED
28
80287·10 10 MHz 239.95 32768,8 250 ns 12.5V
27256 28 • ADJUSTABLE HEAT SETIING
8OC287 12 MHz 299.95 32768,8 200 n5 12.5V
27256-200 28 • TIP TEMPERATURE READOUT
32-81T COPROCESSORS 27C256 32768,8 250n5 12.5V 28 • REPLACEMENT TIPS @ $2.95
80387·16 16 MHz 359.95 27512 65536,8 25On5 12,5V 28
27C512 65536, 8 25On5 12_5V 28 168-3C $59.95
80387·5X 16 MHz 319.95
80387·2ll 20 MHz 399.95 27Cl01 -2ll 1310 72x8 zoons 12.5V 32
80387· 25 25 MHz 499.95
80387·33 33MHz 649.95 IC SOCKETS/DIP CONNECTORS
SOLDERTAIL WlREWRAP Z/F SOCKETS
8 PIN 5T .11 8 PIN WW .59 ZIF·14 5.95
14 PIN 5T .11 14 PIN WW .69 ZIF·16 5.95
74 SERIES LOGIC DATARASE" '39.95
• SHIRT POCKET SIZE!
16 PIN 5T .12 16 PIN WW .69 ZIF·2ll 6.95
7400 .19 74L532 .18 74L52 45 18 PIN 5T .15 18 PIN WW .99 ZIF-24 7.95
• ALL SIZES UP TO 4 AT A TIME zo PIN 5T .18 zo PIN WW 1.09 ZIF·28 7.95
74LSOO .16 74L573 .29 74L5 273 • ERASES MOST EPROMS IN 3 MINUTES
74L50 2 .17 7474 .33 7452 88 ~~~ ~ ~~WW1M N4 1~
7404 .19 74L574 .24 74L5322
DATARASE II 28 PIN ST .22 28 PIN WW 1.69
74L504 .16 7457 4 .49 74L5367 40 PIN ST .30 40 PIN WW 1.99
74504 .29 74LS138 .39 74L53 73 SPECTRONICS Mod el Timer II of
7406 .29 74L5155 .59 74LS374 CORPORATION Chi s
7408 .24 74L516 3 .39 74L5393
9
74L508 .18 74L52 40 .69 74L568 2
9 SOLDER-cUP D-SUBS IDC'S
7432 .29 74L52 44 .69 74L5688
12 FEMALE IDE2ll .55
30 .45 DB095 .49 IDE34 .89
.59 DB155 .69 1D52ll .65
C.P.U.'S MISC PALS 1.49 HOB155 1.59 10S34 .75
16L8 2.95 .69 DB195 .75 IDB09P 1.39
8000 DACOBOO 3.29
IDB095 1.45
1793 9.95 16R4 2.95 .69 OB255 .75
8052AH IDB25P 2.25
BASIC
8088
34.95
5.99
COM8116 8.95
MC146818 5.95
16R6
16R8
2.95
2.95
POWER SUPPLIES 1.35
1.85
DB37S
DB505
1.39
2.29 IDB255 2.35
8250 6.95 MM58167 9.95 2llL8 4.95 135 WATT POWER SUPPLY
8251A 1.69 IN582 50 6.95 2llR 4 4.95 --;' UL APPROVED
8253-5 1.95 N5 16450 10.95 2llR6
2llR8
4.95
4.95
•• 5V @15A••12V @ 4.2A, CABLES AND GENDER CHANGERS
8254 9.95 LM317T .69 -5V@ .5A. -12V@ .5A MOLDED; GOLD-PL A?ED CONTACTS; 100% SHIELDED
8255-5 2.49 NE555 .29 2llX8 4.95
P5-135 $59.95 CBL·PRNTER 6 FT. PC PRINTER CABLE __ 9.95
8741 9.95 LM741 .29
8748 7.95 7805T .49 PAL KIT P5-150 150W SUPPLY $69.95 CBL·PRNTR· 25 25 FT. PC PRINTER CABLE . .. 15.95
8749 9.95 7812T .49 AN ENTRY-LEVEL 200 WATT POWER SUPPLY CBL·PRNTR·RA RIGHT ANGLE PRINTER CABLE .._ 15.95
8755 14.95 75150 1.95 CBL-DB 25-MM DB25 MALE-DB25 MALE 6 FT. .. 9.95
COMPLETE PAL • UL APPROVED
75154 1.95 DEVELOPMENT CBL·DB25- MF DB25 MALE-DB25 FEMALE 6 FT 9.95
14411 9.95 • +5V@20A, +12V@7A. CBL·9-5ERIAL DB9 FEMALE-DB25 MALE 6 FT. __ 6.95
en 6500 KIT FROM CUPL.
FULL SUPPORT
-5V @.5A. -12V @. 5A CBL· KB D-EXT 5 FT. KEYBOARD EXTENSION 7.95
~ 65C02'
6522
7.95
2.95 CRYSTAL FOR 16L8. 16R4. ~- PS·200 $89.95 CBL·CNT·MM 36-PIN CENTRONICS -MJM .. .. 14.95
z V·20 OSCIllA TORS 16R6, 16R8. 20L8. CBL·FOG·EXT 37-PIN EXT. FLOPPY CABLE 9.95
o 1.0MHz 5.95 20R4. 20R6. 20R8,
APPLE TYPE SUPPL Y CBL-MNT·9 9-PIN MONITOR EXTENSION _.. 6.95
a: 1.8432 5.95 AND 20X8. • WITH APPLE CONNECTOR CBL· MNT·15
CBL·MODEM
15-PIN MONITOR EXTENSION CABLE 9.95
MODEM -DB25-DB25 FEMALE 6.95
I- zc.o MOD-MPL-SOFT • +5V@ 6A. +12V @ 3A,
oUJ 24.0
4.95
4.95 $99.95 -5V@ 1A. -12V @ 1A GENOER·VGA
GENDER-9-25
DB9-DB15 ADAPTOR ..
DB9·DB25 SERIAL ADAPTOR
. 4.95
4.95
--I
P5-A $59.95
UJ
6
o<t:
a:

102 CIRCLE 113 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

DEAL ERS CIRCLE 170 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
4800/2400 BAUD VGA COMPATIBLE HARD DISKS
FAX/DATA MODEM PACKAGE 2 0 MS $1 9 9
$119 $499 30 MS $219
• FAX TR ANSMISSION ONLY
• 4Boo BAUD FAXCAPABILITY
·720 X 540 MAX RESOLUTION,
640 X 480 IN 16 COLORS, 528 X 480
40MS$339
TO ANY GROUP III FAX RESOLUTION IN 256 COLORS • IBM STYLE MONITOR
• 2400 BAUD V 22BIX DATA MODEM
• XT/AT CO MPATIBLE HALF CARD
• VGA, EGA, CGA, AND MGA COMPATIBLE
VGA-PKG (INCUJDES VGA CARD AND MONITOR)
60 MS$3 8
• MENU· DRIVEN SOFTWARE
• MULTIPLE FAX TRANSMISSIONS
TO GROUPED ADDRESSES
VGA MONITOR $359 BOMS$569
• 14" ANALOG VGA • GLARE RESISTANT SCREEN · 720 X 4BO
MCT-FAXM • TILTISWIVEL BASE · FRONT MOUNTED POWER SWITCH
VGA-MONITOR
AVO. FORM DRIVE XT ATF/H
RELISYS MULTISYNCH $4 29 SIZE MOOEL
SPEED FACTOR ONLY Krr Krr
• FULL FEATURED MULTISCAN MONITOR WITH UNLIMITED
COLORS ' 1024 X 768 RESOLUTION, 14" NON-GLARE DISPLAY 20MB ST·225 65MS 5 -1f4" $199 $249 $309
• AUTO SWITCHING • TTUANALOG VIDEO INPUT 30MB RLL ST·238 65MS 5-1/4' $219 $279 $379
JDR-MULTI 40MB ST·251·1 28MS 5-1/4' $339 $389 $449
60MB RLL ST· 2n ·1 28MS 5-1/4' $389 $449 $549
I EGA SPECIALI CARD & MONITOR--JUST $4 79 , 80MB ST-4096 28MS 5-1/4' $569 $679
120MBRLL ST-4144R 28MS 5-1/4" $699 $759 $859
EGA·MONITOR 14" RGB MONITOR ......... .. $ 3 3 9. 00
20MB ST·l25 40MS 3 -112" $259 $299 $373
NEC-MULTI-3D DIGITAL 1024X768 RESOLUTION $ 6 49 .9 5
30MB RLL ST·l 38 40MS 3· 112" $2B9 $339 $429
JDR·MONO 12" TTL MONOCHROME- GREEN $ 6 9 .9 5
JDR·AMBER 12" TTL MONOCHROME·AMBER $ 6 9. 9 5

MINI UPRIGHT CASE

SMALL FOOTPRINT MINI-UPRIGHT FOR
BOOB OR MINI 2B6/386 MOTHERBOARDS
• ROOM FOR 6 EXPANSION CARDS
• HOLDS 3 5·1/4 & 1 3-112 DRIVES ( 112 HT)
• 200 WATT POWER SUPPLY
• 2-DIGITL ED SPEED DISPLAY • ENHANCED KEYBOARDS:
• 12"H X1 6"L X B" W BTC-5339 AUTOSENSE FOR XT/ AT, AUTOREPEAT
CASE-120 • K103-A AUDIBLE "CLICK" STYLE ..
MAX-5339 MAXI-SWITCH WITACTILE FEEDBACK ..

UPRIGHT CASE $2999...-5_ _ -;:- MODULAR CIRCUIT TECHNOLOGY

• ULTRA HIGH DENSITY
• READM'R ITE 720K DISKS, TOO
SPACE SAVING DESIGN HOLDS ALL SIZES FDD-1 .4 4X BLACK FACEPLATE
OF MOTHERBOARDS AND INCLUDES, FDD-1 .44A BEIGE FACEPLATE
• 250W POWER SUPPLY · MOUNTS DRIVE CONTROLLERS:
MCT-FDC FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER $ 29 .9 5 FDD,1 .44 SOFT SOFTWARE DRIVER $ 19 .9 5
FOR 3 FLDPPY & 4 HARD DRIVES
• TURBO & RESET SWITCH· LED S PEED MCT-FDC-HD 1.44MB FLOPPY CONTROLLER $4 9 .9 5 1/2 HEIGHT FLOPPY DISK DRIVES:
DISPLA Y' POWER & DISK LED'S MCT-HDC HARD DISK CONTROLLER , $7 9. 9 5 FD·55B 5-114" TEAC DS/DD 360K . $ 9 9.9 5
• ALL HARDWARE, FACEPLATES & SPEAKER MCT-RLL RLL CONTROLLER .... .. _ $8 9. 9 5 FD -55G 5-1/4" TEAC DSIHD 1.21.1 .. $ 12 9. 9 5
CASE-100 MCT-FH FLOPPY/HARD CONTROLLER $1 39. 9 5 FDD-360 5-1/4" DSJDD 360K $ 6 9 .9 5
CASE-FLIP FOR BOOB MB'S .. .. $39.95 MCT·AFH 286I3B6 FLOPPYIHARD $ 149. 95 FDD-1 .2 5-1/4" DSiHD 1.21.1 .. ..__ . $9 5 .9 5
CASE-SLIDE FOR BOOB MB'S .._ $ 3 9 .9 5 MCT·AFH·RLL 286/386 RLL CONTROLLER $ 199 .9 5
CASE-70 FOR 2B6 MB'S $89.95 DISPLA Y ADAPTOR CARDS:
CASE-50 FOR MINI 286 MB'S $5 9 .9 5
CASE-JR MINI·286 W/150W PS $149 .9 5
MCT·MGP
MCT·CG
MONOCHROME GRAPHICS _ $ 5 9. 9 5
COLOR GRAPHICS ADAPTOR .. _ _ $4 9. 9 5
M OTHERBOARDS
MCT·EGA
MCT-VGA-8
ENHANCED GRAPHICS ADAPTOR .. $ 149. 9 5
8-BIT VGA, ANALOG OUTPUT .......... $16 9 .9 5
20MHZ 386 $699
'@:
~, • THREE-BUTTON SERIES 9

lOUmCH: ~~OR~:~ ~~~~L~~~~IBLE.

MCT-VGA-16
MCT-MGMIO
MCT-MGA IO
16-BIT VGA, ANALOG OUTPUT
MONOGRAPHICS MULTI I/O
2861386 MONOGRAPHICS 110
MULTlFlJNCTlON CARDS:
$ 2 49 .9 5
$ 1 19.7 5
$ 99. 9 5
• 16120 MHZ
• 16M B RAM CAPACITY - 8MB
ON-BOARD(0K) , 8 MB RAM CAR
• USES 256K OR 1MB SIP RAMS I
,
- ,r .
" I

---
-
• B SLOTS: 1X32-BIT RAM · ' . ,II:!')
LOGC9
LOGC9·C·
SERIAL MOUSE
SERIAL MOUSE
$ 98 .9 5
$7 9.9 5
MCT·MIO
MCT-IO
MULTI I/O FLOPPY CONTROLLER .. $ 7 9 .9 5
MULT I I/O CARD .. . $ 59 .9 5
2X 8· BIT & 5X 16·BIT
• MEMORY INTERLEAVING
·
MCT·AMF 286/386 MULTIFUNCTION $ 13 9 .9 5
LOGC9-P
L O G C 9· PC
SERIAL MOUSE W ITH PAINTSHOW $ 109 .95
SERIAL MOUSE W ITH PAINT/CAD $154 .9 5
MCT·AIO 2B61386 MULTI I/O CARD .. .._$ 59 .9 5
• AMI BIOS , XT-SIZE BOARD
MCT·M386-20 · .
LOGB9 BUS MOUSE __ $89.95 MEMORY CARDS: MCT·C386-25 25MHZ MINI 386 W/CACHE .. $ 1499 .00
LOGB9-P BUS MOUSE WITH PAINTSHOW $10 4. 9 5 MCT-RAM 576K RAM CARD. ..__ . $ 59 .9 5 MCT· M386· M 8MB RAM CARD (OK) $ 149.9 5
LOGB9·PC BUS MOUSE WITH PAINT/CAD .. $149. 9 5 MCT·386MB20 10120MHZ 386 .. $7 9 9.00
MCT-EMS EXPANDED MEMORY CARD . . $ 129 .9 5
'N OT PS/2 COMPATIBLE MCT-AEMS 2861386EMS CARD . $ 13 9 .9 5 MCT·386MB25 10/25MHZ 386 . $ 9 99. 0 0
MCT·386·M 8MB RAM CARD (0K) $149. 9 5

10MHZ MINI-286 $19SSS

MODULAR PROGRAMMING SYSTEM EPROM MODULE $119.95 • AT COMPATIBLE · KEYBOARD SELECTABLE 6/10MHZ
INTEGRA TED MODULAR SYSTEM EASIL Y EXPANDS I ALL • PROGRAMS 24-32 PIN EPROMS, CMOS EPROMS • EXPANDABLE TO 4MB ON-BOARD WITH 1MB DRAMS (OK)
& EEPROMS FROM 16K TO 1024K • HEX TO OBJ • SIX 16: BIT & TWO 8·BIT SLOTS • AMI BIOS • LED SUPPORT
MODULES USE A COMMON HOST ADAPTOR CARD--USE JUST CONVERTER • AUTO, BLANK CHECK/PROGRAM/
ONE SLOT TO PROGRAM EPROMS, PROMS, PALS & MORE VERIFY • VPP 5, 12_5, 12.75, 13, 21 & 25 VOLTS MCT-M286
• NORMAL, INTELLIGENT, INTERACTIVE & QUICK MCT-M 28 6-12 8112MHZ MINI-286 _ __ _ $ 24 9.9 5
PULSE PROGRAMMING ALGORITHMS MCT-M286-16 8/16MHZ 286 $ 3 69 .9 5
HOST ADAPTOR CARD $29.95 MOD-MEP MCT-M286-20 10/20MHZ 286 $ 429 .9 5
• UNIVERSAL INTERFACE FOR ALL MOD-MEP-4 4-EPROM PROGRAMMER --. H 6 9 .9 5 MCT·XMB STANDARD 4.77MHZ 8088 $8 7 .9 5
THE PRDGRAMMING MODULES! MOD-MEP-8 8-EPROM PROGRAMMER .._ 259.95 MCT-TURBO 4.77I8MHZ 8088 $ 9 5.9 5
• S ELECTABLE ADDRESSES MOD-MEP-161 6-EPROM PROGRAMMER . 99.95 M C T· T U R B O·1 0 4.77110MHZ SINGLE CHIP 8088 $ 99. 00
PRE VENTS CONFLICTS
• MOLDEDCABLE DIGITAL IC MODULE $129.95
MOD·MAC • TESTS TTL, CMOS, DYNAMIC & STATIC RAM
• AUTO SEARCH FOR UNKNOWN PART NUMBERS EPROM PROGRAMMER $1 29 95
UNIVERSAL MODULE $499.95 .~..::::- • USER-PROGRAMMABLE TEST PROCEDURES • PROGRAMS 27XX AND 27XXX EPROMS UPT O 27512
• PR OGRAMS EPROMS, EEPROMS, MOD·MIC • SUPPORTS VARIOUS PROGRAMMING FORMATS &
PAL S, BI-POLAR PROMS, 8748 & 875 1 VOLTAGES • SPLIT OR
SER IESDEVICES; 16V8 AND 20V8 GALS PAL MODULE $249.95 COMBINE CONTENTS 0
(G ENERICARRAY LOGIC) FROM LATTICE, • PROGRAMS 1.11.11, NS, TI 20 & TI 24 PIN DEVICES SEVERAL EPROMS OF
NS , SGS • TESTS TTL, CMOS, DYNAMIC • BLANK CHECK, PROGRAM, AUTO, READMASTER, DIFFERENT SIZES
& STATICRAMS , LOAD DISK, SAVE DISK, VERIFY & SECURITY FUSE BLOW • READ, WRITE, COPY,
EDIT, BLANK CHECK, PROGRAM, AUTO, BLANK CHECK & VERIFY
READ MASTER, VERIFY AND COMPARE MOD·MPL • SOFTWARE FOR HEX
• TE XTDCL SOCKET FOR .3" TO .6·W, IC'S ( B-40 PINS) CUPL SOFTWARE- ENTRY·LEVEL PAL DEV_KIT_ AND INTEL HEX FORMATS
MOD-MUP MOD'MPL-SO ~ $99.95 M O D- E P ROM

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CIRCLE 113 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 103

DEALERS CIRCLE 170 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 VALUE-PRICED TEST
EQUIPMENT A LL WITH A ADVERTISING INDEX
2 YEAR WARRANTY! RADIO-ELECTRONICS does not assume any responsibility for errors that may appear
in the index below .

Free Information Number Page

157 Pri nt Products Int ' l 32
106 AM C Sa les , 85 78 Radi o Sha ck 15
152 Ace Co mmunicat ions 73 156 SCO Electronics 79
75 Ace Products 75 159 Salen Enter pr ises 79
107 All Electronics 98 149,151 Sencore 16. CV3
35 MHZ DUAL TRACE
OSCILLOSCOPE
Amazing Concepts 90 74 Solid Sta te Sa les 93
• WIDE BAND W IDTH • VARIA BLE HOLDOFF
MODEL-3500 (SHOWN)
106 Ame r ica n Design Components 99 Sta r Cir cuits 32
20 MHZ DUAL TRACEOSCILLOSCOPE ' 389. 95
• TV SYNC FILT ER • COMPONENTS TEST ER 67 Banner Technical Books 72 83 Syne rge tics 69
MODEL 2000
77 B& K 7 Tektronix 18
THEULTIMATE
3.5DIO"DMM
$ 79 95 109 C & S Sa les 36 123 Test Probes 27
• BASIC DC ACCURACY ±0.25%
• 34 RANGES 70 CEI 95 250-254 Test Pr obes 27
• TEMP , TRANS IST OR & RESISTA NCE
_ FEATURES .
- 60 - -- CIE-.- . . . . :-: :-.-.:-. .-. . O :- . -:-~ 11-;-23 - - 64 Video -L ink -r-c- c-c- •• '• • • • • • 92
DMM-300 (SHOW N)
3.5D10" 147 Chase Int ernational 72 139 Viejo Publicati ons 26
FIILL FIINCTION DMM
• BAS IC DC ACCUR ACY ±0.25%
153 Che nes ko 75 140 WPT Publications 35
• 22 RANGES
DMM-200 $49.95 Command Productions 88
15D10"POCKn~UDMM 141 Communications Specialist 35
• BASIC DC ACC URACY ±0.5% • '4 RANGES
DMM-100 55 Contact Eas t 33
3.5 DlO" PROBE TYPE DMM
• AUTO RANGING
58 Cook 's In stitute 24
• ACIDC 2V • 500V , Gernsback Publications. Inc.
• RESISTANCE: 2K·2M
69 Crys tek 24 500-B Bi -County Blvd.
DPM-1000 (SHOWN) Farmingdale. NY 11735
136 Dat ak Cor p 33
HIOH/LOWLOGICPROBE ' 1 7. 95 1-516-293-3000
• DETECTS TTUCMOS LOGIC STATES 127 Deco Industries 75 Fax 1-516-293-3115
• MEMO RY FUNCT ION FREEZES DATA FO R LATE R USE President: Larry Steckler
LP-2800 82 Digi-Key 100 Vice President: Cathy Steckler
PULSER PROBE FOR QUICK DEBuaalNO ' 1 9. 95 135 Electronic Goldmine 90 For Advertising ONLY
• INJECTS PULS E INTO TEST CI RCUIT·VA RIABLE WIDTH
• TTL. DTL, TAL , HT L, HINIL, MOS, & CMOS COMPATIBLE Electro nic Tech Today 87 1-516-293-3000
LP-540 Fax 1-516-293-3115
121 Fluke Ma nufactur ing CV2 Larry Steckler
pub lisher
JIM'S BARGAIN Fordha m CY4 Arline Fishman
advert ising director
155 Global Specialties 13 Lisa Strassman
HUNTERS CORNER Grantham Colle ge ' 17 credit manager
Christina Estrada
Jim Wharton adverti sing assista nt
JDR'. VP sa",. 148 Heath In struments 3
86 He athkit 26 SALES OFFICES
JT·FAX
138 International Com pone nts Cor p. . 95 EASTISOUTHEAST
INTERNAL
113,170 JDR Microdevices 102, 103 Stanley Levitan
FAX CARD Eastern Sales Manager
REGULARL Y $279 .00 113,170 JDR Microdevices 104 Radio-Electronics
TH IS FAX BOARD WON'T TIE UP YOUR COMPUTER! 259-23 57th Avenue
ITS MEMORY RESID ENT SOFTWA RE WAITS IN THE 114 Jameco 96 Little Neck, NY 11362
BACKGROUND TO SEND O R RECEIVE FAXES.. LETS
1-718-428-6037, 1-516-293-3000
YOU US E YOUR COMPUT ER UNTIL A FAX IS ACTUALLY 104 Jan C rystals 73
SENT O R RECEIVE D. COM PATIBLE WITH SEVERAL
PAG E SCANN ERS ,·V ERY USEFUL WH EN SENDING
137 Jinco Co mputers 94 MIDWESTITe xasl Arkan sasl
SCANN ED INPUT SUCH AS LOG OS OR SIGNATURES.
Okla.
• 4800 BPS COMMUNICATI ONS RATE Ralph B ergen
• RAM RESIDEN T SOFTWA RE
Ki ng Wholesalers 22
Midwest Sales Man ager
• CO MPATIBLE WIT H PClX T/AT
• USES FAX, ASCII OR PC PAINT FILES
53 MD Electronics 89 Radio-Elec tronics
• HALF CARD SIZE· MEN U·DRI VEN SOFTW ARE 540 Frontage Road-Suite 339
93 Mark V. Electro nics 101 Northfield. IL 60093
JT-FAX EXPIRES 11/3 1/89
1-312-44 6-1444
61 M icro processors Unltd 83

..u.
CfJ Fax 1-312-446 -8451
a
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Z
a:
I-
--n-- JDR Microdevices '
2233BRAtlHAM LANE . SAN JOSE . CA 95124
154 M ovietime
NRI Schools
34
5, 3 1
PACIFIC COASTI Mountain
States
Marvin Green
aUJ 158 Optoelectronics 25 Pacific Sales Manager
..J
UJ
ORDER TOLL-FREE Paci fic Ca ble 91 Radio -Electronics
5430 Van Nuys Blvd . Suite 316
6
o-c 800-538-5000 56 Parts Ex press 94 Van Nuys . CA 91401
1-818-986-2001
a: LOCAL 14081 559·1200 FAX 14081559·0250 TELEX 171-110 101 Pom ona Electronics 12 Fax 1-818-986 -2009

CIRCLE 113 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

104DEALER S CIRCLE 170 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
 The PASlls Truly The
IIMissing Unk In Audio Servicing ll

Introducing the " Missing Link In Audio Servicing," with the NEW PA81 Stereo Power
Amplifier Analyzsr'" from Sencore Electronics. The PA81 provides everything you need Stereo AM ·FM , PAe l
Dire ct Co upled
for poweramplifier analyzing integrated into onecomplete package , with: TV , Tape, Phone .
Preamps & f-LI- ,J- t- ---,,---j H I Watt
Or CD (Audi O Driver s Loa d Or
Li ne) Speake r
• Twin Frequency Compen sated AutorangedWattmeters: 250wattsper channel (500
walls if paralleled). and listento audio clarity with buill-in volumecontrol.
• Built-in IHF/EIA TestingComponents At You r Fingertips: 2.4,8,16, and32 ohm-zero
reactance loads, and all specified bandpass audio filters.
• Measure RMS Volts And dBAsYou TraceThrough Circuits: Plus, prog rammable dBto
measure stage gain. Stereo AM-FM. PAe l
TV , Tape. Phon o , Direct Co up led HI Watt
• Test Intermittents ToPreventAmplifier Damage : Built-in DCbalance test, automatically OrCD (Audi o Preamps & I-'-I-,J-t-- - - ---j Load Or
Driver s
opensloads. Lin e) Speaker
• Test AudioLine Levels ToMakeSure The Driver Input Signal Is Correct: Check
turntables, AM tuners, FM tuners , TV stereodemodulator outputs, CDplayers, etc. for
standard line levels. Walk troubles out ofany power amplifier stage. step by step, with the PA8t .
• Monitor Stereo Separation To 126 dB: Monitor, troubleshoot, or align AM-FM or TV
Stereoseparation circuits.

CaI/I-800- SENCORE Ask About

320DSencore Drive , Sioux Falls, South Da kota 571D7
(736-2673J A tODay
In Canada Ca1/7-1JOO.857-8866 Video Preview
• IHF-Inslitute Of High Fidelity
EIA-Ele ctronics IndustriesAssociation CIRCL E 149 ON FREE INFORMATION CAR D
TROUBLESHOOTERSI PRECISION HAND-HELD INSTRUMENTS
I <-- -,

B&K SCOPE I;;;;;;~ SCOPE 3% Digit SCOPE HncHfeId SCOPE Pocket Size
Precision Test Bench'" 0' ita Multimeter LCO Mini Meter 3% 0' it LCR Meter Auef' cenerator
• 41 range voltmeter ' Ammeter • 11 function, 38ranges Including • 0.5%accuracy' AC IDCVoltage • Measure capacitance, resistance • SineIsquarewave oarterrs- 20Hz
• Ohmmeter ' Frequency counter lDglcLevel Detector, Audible and • DC current - Resistance' Diode and Induction ' Overload to 150KHz ' Batteryoperated
• Capaotaoce meter • logIC probe Visual ContinUity, Capacitance & test • 300 hrs battery life orotecton • Includes test lead~ test • Frequenev accuraev ±3%lorless)
• TranSistor &diode tester' Extra· Conductancemeasurements • Overload protection De-SOO\/, cl lp~ 9V battery and spare fuse • Output 12V rms max {noloadl
large LCD display AC·350\/, ohms · 250VDC I AC • l!M'batteryIndicator ' Test leads

Model
DVM-638
Reg 587.50
$7995 MOdel
DVM-630
Reg 55000
$3250 h;~:ttery In
Reg 56995
Clur5995
DUAL TRACE OSCILLOSCOPES
A.W. SPERRY 20 MHz HITACHI 3S MHz
OSCILLOSCOPE OSCILLOSCOPE
• Built-in component checker • 19 calibrated sweeps • 6"
• Z-axis input • Low power CRT with internal graticule,
consumption • TV Video sync scale illumination & photo
~ filter • High-sensitivity X-Y mode graphicbezel • Auto focus
.I • Front panel trace rotator • X-Y operation • TV sinc
-- ~ • Includes 2 test probes separation • Includes 2

Model $34995 probes (10 1 and

Model V-355
1:1)$59800-
620C Reg. $899.95

SCOPE DIGITAL ALL PURPOSE

TRAINER 92·PC. TOOL CASE
• Learn logiccircuits and • Completekit for home,
eouorrent design • Connects workshopand auto • Includes
tooscilloscopes,signal 52·pc socket set withextenders
generators andmore • Logic • 2tool palletswithroomy
probe included • Solderless rear storage compartments
breadboard andcribsheets help • Attractive, rugged carry case
youbuild almost anycircuit Model FTK.28
• Runsoff 4"A,P;' batteries or
ACadapter (included) Reg $169.95

- - ,. ~~4995 $11000 $12995

ASK FOR YOURFREE CATALOG Serv ice & Shipping Charge Schedule

Fordham J~1515 800 45-9518

Continental U.S.A .
FOR ORDERS ADD
$O-SO . . . . . .... . $.4.50
$51-100 . $6.00
$101·200 . .. .. . saoo
$201-300 . . . $9.00
$301-400 . . . .. . . $10.00
(I n NY State 80 0-8 32-144 6) $401·500
$501·750 . . . .. ..
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
.
$12.00
$15.00
260 Motor Parkway ~ rAi!i~ " Money orders, checks accepted
$751·1.000 . . .
$1.001-1,250 . •. .
$1,251-1,500 .
. . .. . . ...•. . .
.. .
$17.50
. . . $2000
$25.00
Hauppauge, New York 11788 ~ l~ ~ C.OD.'s requir e 25% dep osit. $1.so1·2.ooo . . . ..
$2,001 and Up . . . .•.•
. . $30.00
• . . • . • ... . $35.00

, " ..