Scribd
Upload
867 views8 pages

Defibrillation Typed

The document discusses defibrillation, which is a process that uses electric shock to stop an irregular heartbeat and restore normal rhythm. It defines defibrillation and describes the types of defibrillators, including manual external defibrillators, manual internal defibrillators, automated external defibrillators, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. The key indications for defibrillation are ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and asystole. The document outlines the defibrillation procedure and important nursing care actions after defibrillation, such as monitoring vital signs and assessing for burns. Potential complications of defibrillation include skin burns and abnormal heart rhythms.

Uploaded by

Valarmathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
867 views8 pages

Defibrillation Typed

The document discusses defibrillation, which is a process that uses electric shock to stop an irregular heartbeat and restore normal rhythm. It defines defibrillation and describes the types of defibrillators, including manual external defibrillators, manual internal defibrillators, automated external defibrillators, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. The key indications for defibrillation are ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and asystole. The document outlines the defibrillation procedure and important nursing care actions after defibrillation, such as monitoring vital signs and assessing for burns. Potential complications of defibrillation include skin burns and abnormal heart rhythms.

Uploaded by

Valarmathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Introduction:

Management of client in cardiac arrest depends on prompt


recognition and therapeutic interventions for successful reversal of a
potentially fetal event.

When cardiac arrest occurs, cardiac output ceases. The underlying


rhythm is usually ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or
asystole. Cardiopulmonary resuscitations must be initiated
immediately to help prevent brain damage and death. Before initiating
the initial priorities maintenance of patent airway, mouth to mask
ventilation and chest compressions.

Central objectives

The student should be able to gain knowledge and to understand


about the defibrillation procedure and to develop desirable attitudes
and also to apply gained knowledge while taking care of the clients in
clinical as well as in the various settings.

Contributory objectives

The student should be able to

1 define the term of defibrillation


.
2 enlist the types of defibrillation
.
3 list out the indications of defibrillation
.
4 describe the procedure of defibrillation
.
5 mention the complications after defibrillation
.
6 explain the nursing care after defibrillation
.
Definition:

Defibrillation is a process in which an electronic device sends an


electric shock to the heart to stop an extremely rapid, irregular
heartbeat, and restore the normal heart rhythm. Defibrillation is a
common treatment for life threatening cardiac dysrhythmias,
ventricular fibrillation, and pulse less ventricular tachycardia.

Ventricular fibrillation is a serious cardiac emergency resulting


from asynchronous contraction of the heart muscles. Due to ventricular
fibrillation, there is an irregular rapid heart rhythmVentricular
fibrillation can be converted into a more efficient rhythm by applying a
high energy shock to the heart. This sudden surge across the heart
causes all muscle fibres to contract simultaneously. Possibly, the fibres
may then respond to normal physiological pace making pulses. The
instrument for administering the shock is called a defibrillator.

Defibrillation is performed to correct life threatening fibrillations


of the heart, which could result in cardiac arrest. It should be
performed immediately after identifying that the patient is
experiencing a cardiac emergency, has no pulse, and is unresponsive.

Fibrillations cause the heart to stop pumping blood, leading to


brain damage. Defibrillators deliver a brief electric shock to the heart,
which enables the heart's natural pacemaker to regain control and
establish a normal heart rhythm.

Types of Defibrillator electrodes: a) Spoon shaped electrode • Applied


directly to the heart. b) Paddle type electrode • Applied against the
chest wall c) Pad type electrode • Applied directly on chest wall

Electrodes used in defibrillator (a) a spoon shaped internal electrode


that is applied directly to the heart. (b) a paddle type electrode applied
against the anterior chest wall.

Manual external defibrillator

A Lifepak 12 manual external defibrillator


&monitor. The units are used in conjunction
with electrocardiogram readers, which the
healthcare provider uses to diagnose a
cardiac condition. The healthcare provider
will then decide what charge (in joules) to
use, based on proven guidelines and experience, and will deliver the
shock through paddles or pads on the patient's chest. As they require
detailed medical knowledge, these units are generally only found
in hospitals and on some ambulances. 

Manual internal defibrillator

These are the direct descendants of the work of Beck and Lown.
They are virtually identical to the external version, except that the
charge is delivered through internal paddles in direct contact with the
heart. These are almost exclusively found in operating theatres
(rooms), where the chest is likely to be open, or can be opened quickly
by a surgeon.

Automated external defibrillator (AED)

These simple-to-use units are based on computer technology which is


designed to analyze the heart rhythm itself,
and then advise the user whether a shock is
required. They are designed to be used by lay
persons, who require little training to operate
them correctly. They are usually limited in
their interventions to delivering high joule
shocks for VF (ventricular fibrillation) and
VT (ventricular tachycardia) rhythms,
making them generally of limited use
to health professionals, who could diagnose and treat a wider range of
problems with a manual or semi-automatic unit.

The locating of a public access AED should take


into account where large groups of people gather,
and the risk category associated with these people,
to ascertain whether the risk of a sudden cardiac
arrest incident is high. For example, a center for
teenage children is a particularly low risk category (as children very
rarely enter heart rhythms such as VF (Ventricular Fibrillation) or VT
(Ventricular Tachycardia), being generally young and fit, and the most
common causes of pediatric cardiac arrest are respiratory arrest and
trauma - where the heart is more likely to enter systole or PEA, (where
an AED is of no use). 
IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR (ICD)

Also known as automatic internal cardiac defibrillator (AICD). These


devices are implants, similar to pacemakers (and many can also
perform the pacemaking function). They constantly monitor the
patient's heart rhythm, and automatically administer shocks for various
life-threatening arrhythmias, according to the device's programming.
Many modern devices can distinguish between ventricular
fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and more benign arrhythmias
like supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. 

INDICATIONS OF DEFIBRILLATION

 Ventricular tachycardia
 Ventricular fibrillation
 Asystole
 Cardiac arrest

EXPLAIN THE PROCEDURE

Aynchronous countershock, depolarizes a critical mass of


myocardium simultaneously to stop the trentry circuit, allowing the
sinus node to regain control of the heart. Early defibrillation is critical
in terminating pulseless VT or VF. It must not be delayed for any
reason after equipment and skilled personnel are present early
defibrillation performed the greater chance of survival. The
defibrillation is not available ACLS qualified nurse may delivery a
precordial thumb to a pulseless client in VF. With the client remains in
VF, CPR is resumed and the nurse prepares for defibrillation.
The Defibrillator is charged to 200Joules, 360 Joules. The first
shock at 200 Joules to be given. Before defibrillation cloudly and
clearly command and all personnel to clear contact with the client and
the bed and ensure there complaints before delivering in the shock.
Depress the shock button on the defibrillator and the energy is
immediately release. Repeat up to three times as needed for pulseless
VT. Before the giving defibrillation the paddles must apply the jelly.
The shock three times to be delivered.

NURSING CARE AFTER THE DEFIBRILLATION

 Maintaining the patent the airway


 Administering the oxygen
 Vital signs monitoring
 Administer anti arythymic drugs
 Assessing the chest burns
 Provide emotional support, documentation.

COMPLICATIONS
• Skin burns from the defibrillator paddles are the most common
complication of defibrillation.
• Other risks include injury to the heart muscle, abnormal heart
rhythms, and blood clots.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Brunner Suddharth (2009), “Textbook of Medical and Surgical

Nursing”, 11th edition, Wolter Kluwer, Published by Lippincott

Williams and Wilkins

2. Ignatavicius Workman (2006), “Critical thinking for collaborative

care”, 5th editon, Published by Elsevier saunders.

NET SOURCES

 www.wikipedia.org

 www.google.co.in

You might also like