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WINSEM2019-20 MAT2002 ELA VL2019205003520 Reference Material I 07-Feb-2020 EXP 3B PDF

The document discusses using Laplace transforms to solve linear differential equations. It provides examples of taking the Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform of functions. It also shows how to set up and solve differential equations using Laplace transforms in MATLAB.

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77 views4 pages

WINSEM2019-20 MAT2002 ELA VL2019205003520 Reference Material I 07-Feb-2020 EXP 3B PDF

The document discusses using Laplace transforms to solve linear differential equations. It provides examples of taking the Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform of functions. It also shows how to set up and solve differential equations using Laplace transforms in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

no one
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Mathematics

School of Advanced Sciences


MAT 2002 – Applications of Differential and Difference Equations (MATLAB)
Experiment 3–B
Solution of Linear differential equations by Laplace transforms

The Laplace Transform of a function f (t ) is defined a



F ( s )  L[ f (t )]   e  st f (t )dt , provided the integral exists.
0

MATLAB Commands used

Command Purpose
laplace(f) To find the Laplace transform of a scalar symbol f with
default independent variable t. The default return is
a function of s.
ilaplace(F) To find the inverse Laplace transform of the scalar
symbolic object F with default independent variable s.
The default return is a function of t.
heaviside(t-a) To input the heaviside’s unit step function H(t  a).
dirac(t-a) To input the dirac delta function δ(t  a).
collect(P,var) Rewrites P in terms of the powers of the variable var

Example 1. The following MATLAB code finds the Laplace transform of f (t ) .


clear all
clc
syms t
f=input('Enter the function of t: ');
F=laplace(f);
disp(['L{f(t)}=',char(F)]);

Input/Output:
Enter the function of t: sin(t)
L{f(t)}=1/(s^2 + 1)

Example 2: The following MATLAB code computes the Laplace Transform of


t 2 , t  2

f (t )  t  1, 2  t  3
7, t  3

Input/Output:
Enter the function of t: t^2*(heaviside(t)-heaviside(t-2))+
(t-1)*(heaviside(t-2)-heaviside(t-3))+7*heaviside(t-3)
L{f(t)}=(7*exp(-3*s))/s-(4*exp(-2*s))/s-(4*exp(-2*s))/s^2
-(2*exp(-2*s))/s^3+2/s^3- (exp(-3*s)*(2*s-exp(s)-
s*exp(s)+1))/s^2

Department of Mathematics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Page 1


Example 3. The following MATLAB code computes the inverse Laplace transform of F (s)
syms s
F=input('Enter the function of s: ');
f=ilaplace(F);
disp(['f(t)=',char(f)]);

Input/Output
Enter the function of s: 6/(s^3+2*s^2-s-2)

f(t)=2*exp(-2*t)-3*exp(-t)+exp(t)

To solve and visualize solutions of a second order Linear differential equation


using Laplace transform.

Working Procedure:
 Input the differential equation coefficients a, b, c and the RHS function f (x) of the
differential equation ay  by  cy  f (x) .
 Input the initial conditions y (0) and y(0) .
 Apply Laplace Transform and find Y (s) .
 Apply inverse Transform and find y (t ) .

MATLAB Code
clear all
clc
syms t s y(t) Y
dy(t)=diff(y(t));
d2y(t)=diff(y(t),2);
F = input('Input the coefficients [a,b,c]: ');
a=F(1);b=F(2);c=F(3);
nh = input('Enter the non-homogenous part f(x): ');
eqn=a*d2y(t)+b*dy(t)+c*y(t)-nh;
LTY=laplace(eqn,t,s);
IC = input('Enter the initial conditions in the form [y0,Dy(0)]: ');
y0=IC(1);dy0=IC(2);
LTY=subs(LTY,{'laplace(y(t), t, s)','y(0)','D(y)(0)'},{Y,y0,dy0});
eq=collect(LTY,Y);
Y=simplify(solve(eq,Y));
yt=simplify(ilaplace(Y,s,t));
disp('The solution of the differential equation y(t)=')
disp(yt);
ezplot(yt,[y0,y0+2]);

d2y dy
Example 4. Solve the initial value problem 2
 2  5 y  e  t sin t , y(0)  0 , y ' (0)  1 .
dt dt

Department of Mathematics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Page 2


Input/Output
Input the coefficients [a,b,c]: [1 2 5]
Enter the non-homogenous part f(x): exp(-t)*sin(t)
Enter the initial conditions in the form [y0,Dy(0)]: [0,1]

The solution of the differential equation y(t)=


(exp(-t)*(sin(2*t) + sin(t)))/3

Example 5.
Solve y  2 y  10 y  1  5 (t  5) , y(0)  1, y(0)  2 .

Input/Output
Input the coefficients [a,b,c]: [1 2 10]
Enter the non-homogenous part f(x): 1+5*dirac(t-5)
Enter the initial conditions in the form [y0,Dy(0)]: [1,2]

The solution of the differential equation y(t)=


(9*cos(3*t)*exp(-t))/10 + (29*sin(3*t)*exp(-t))/30 + (5*heaviside(t -
5)*exp(5 - t)*sin(3*t - 15))/3 + 1/10

Department of Mathematics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Page 3


Exercise
1. Solve y  2 y  y  et , subject to y(0)  2 , y(0)  1
 3, t4
2. Solve y  y  f (t ) , y(0)  1 , y ' (0)  0 where f (t )   .
2t  5, t  4
3. Using Laplace transforms find the current i (t ) in the circuit with a resistance R  4 ,
inductance L  1H , capacitance C  0.05F connected in a series with a source of
34e  t , 0  t  4
voltage v(t )   volts.
 0, t  4

Department of Mathematics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Page 4

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