2020-04-11

Can we solve a single equation which has two variables?

Systems of Linear
Equations x + y = 10
2? 3?
4?

A System of Equations Unit If we can not solve it, how many

8th Grade Math additional equations do we need
2x – y = 4 to find out the values of two
x + y = -1 Ji Seon Lee variables x and y ?
educational hook 3

Lecture Objectives & CA Content Standards What is a system of equations?

❖A system of equations is a set of two or
Lecture objectives CA Content Standards more equations with the same
variables.
⮚ Systems of equations often provide the ⮚ CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.CED.A.1 Create
equations that describe numbers or
easiest way to solve real-world ❖A solution to a system of equations is a
problems. relationships
⮚ CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.CED.A.2 Create set of values for the variable that satisfy
⮚ Once a real world problem has been
equations in two or more variables to represent all the equations simultaneously.
relationships between quantities; graph
translated into systems of equations, the
equations on coordinate axes with labels and
rest is usually straightforward. We only
scales
❖ In order to solve a system of equations,
need to solve the systems of equations.
⮚ CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.HSA.REI.A.1 Underst one must find all the sets of values of
and solving equations as a process of
⮚ This lecture provides how to solve systems
reasoning and explain the reasoning
the variables that constitutes solutions
of equations using three different methods
and how to construct systems of equations
⮚ CCSS.MATH. CONTENT.HSA.REI.C.5 Solve of the system.
systems of equations
from real-world problems.
2 4
 2020-04-11

Three methods to solve a system of equations Three methods to solve a system of equations
A. Graphing : Graph both equations in the same coordinate system using a table. C. Elimination : In the elimination method you either add or subtract the equations to
The solution to the system will be in the point where the two lines intersect. get an equation in one variable.
y

7 3y + 2x = 6 3y + 2x = 6 3y + 2x = 6
-x + y = 2 x y x y 6 5y – 2x = 10
x+y=4 3 5 3 1 5 +5y – 2x = 10
solution
2 4 2 2 4
Complete the table. 1 1 3 Fill in the blanks.
What is the solution 0 0 What is the solution of this
2
from the table?
-1 -1 1
system of equations? Eliminate x by addition Plug y into any of two
-2 0 -2 6 x of the two equations. equations to find x.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-3 -1 -3 7
-1
5 7

Three methods to solve a system of equations Now You Try !

B. Substitution : The substitution method functions by substituting the one y-value ★ Find the solution of the following system of equations using
with the other. We're going to explain this by using an example. three methods and compare the solutions.
y = 2x + 4
3x + y = 9 3x + 5y = 10
1. Substitute y in the second equation to find x.
2x + 4y = 7
3x + y = 9 2. x can then be used to find y.
3x + ( )=9 y= solution
Fill in the blanks.
5x + 4 = 9 y=2·1+4 What is the solution of this
5x =5 system of equations?
y=?
x=?
6 8
 2020-04-11

Word Problems Word Problems – coin problem

★ Please watch these two videos to understand how to construct systems of ★ David has a total of 19 nickels and dimes worth $1.65. How many of each
equations for real-world word problems – coin and age problems. type of coin does he have?
number value of = total
X
Coin problem Age problem of coins each coin value
nickels x
dimes y
19 165
x + y = 19

Graphing
Substitution
Elimination

Fill in the blanks.

What is the answer?
$1.65
9 11

Word Problems Word Problems – age problem

★ Please watch these two videos to understand how to construct systems of ★ Mary is 3 times as old as her son. In 12 years, Mary’s age will be 1 year less
equations for real-world word problems – perimeter and mixture problems. than twice her son’s age. How old is each now?

Perimeter problem Mixture problem age now age in 12 years

son x x + 12 I am years old, and my
mom is years old.
mom y y + 12
y = 3x

Graphing
Substitution
Elimination

Fill in the blanks.

What is the solution?
10 12
 2020-04-11

Word Problems – perimeter problem Now you try!

★ The length of a rectangle is 7cm more than 4 times its width. Its perimeter ★ COIN word problem
is 124cm. Find its dimensions.
Ron has a total of 23 nickels and dimes worth $1.55. How many of each
type of coin does he have?
y = 4x + 7

y : length
Graphing
★ AGE word problem
Substitution Olivia is 20 years younger than Ashley. In two years Ashley will be twice
Elimination
as old as Olivia. How old are they now?
Find the second
equation.
x : width What is the solution?

13 15

Word Problems – mixture problem Now you try!

★ How many liters of a 10% salt solution should be added to 80 liters of a 35% ★ PERIMETER word problem
salt solution to obtain a mixture that is a 30% salt solution?
The perimeter of a rectangle is 46. The length is one less than twice the
x : amount of 10% salt solution width. Find the dimensions.

★ MIXTURE word problem

xℓ + 80ℓ = yℓ
10% 35% 30% You have a 10% salt solution and a 60% salt solution. How much of each
should you mix together to form 100mL of a 25% solution?
Construct two equations.
Graphing Then find the solution.
Substitution
Elimination
14 16
 2020-04-11

Challenge ! three variables Finally, now your turn !!

★ A cub scout is selling bags of popcorn. A small bag sells ★ Aaron want to spend $105 on $25 T-shirts, $10 CDs, and $5 books. He wants to buy
10 items and wants to buy as many books as T-shirts and CDs combined.
for $3, the medium size bag sells for $5, and a large bag
How many of each item should he buy?
sells for $7. The scout has sold a total of 15 bags and has
made $77. He has sold 2 more medium bags than small x : number of T-shirts construct three
bags. How many of each size did he sell? y : number of CDs
equations
$3 z : number of books $3

x + y + z = 15
Show your process to solve this system of three equations.

3x + 5y + z = 77

$3 $5 $7
x+2=y
x y z
How can we solve this?
17 19

Challenge ! three variables

1. x + y + z = 15 At first, In ① and ②, substitute y with x + 2.

2. 3x + 5y + z = 77
x+( ) + z = 15
3. x + 2 = y $3
3x + 5( ) + z = 77

2x + z = 13 Now, the problem is transformed

into a system of equations with
8x + 7z = 67 two variables !!

18