Slide Number & Short Description

1. Title
2. KPI Stands for key performance indicator. In Mobile communication KPI is being
checked for Radio, Transmission, core part for health and performance of network.
3. Radio(RF) KPI’s-Accessibility, Retainability, Mobility, Availability, Utilization, Traffic,
Integrity.
4. KPI Analysis Required for Continuous monitor health and performance of the
Network as per which appropriate solution found to the issues. KPI and its thresholds
are given.
5. After Monitor Issues, need to find root cause for issue doing analysis after which can
changes/suggest solution as per analysis. Some Specific KPI Cause and solution given
in table.
6. For Where KPI collected is from raw counters data which is measurement data of
ENB/system.
7. Availability KPI: - Available time of cell for service.
8. Cell states: Auto & Manually Blocked
9. Accessibility KPI Covers Users Latching on System as well Request-Reply (RRC
Signaling) from UE-System. Three Major Subpart: - RRC Connection, S1 Connection-
RAB Establishment.
10. Call flow Between UE-ENB-MME
11. Accessibility KPI Formula: - Success ratio of ability of user to obtain service from
system
12. Random Access process to gain access to cell (Initial Access from idle state/Regain
after radio link failure etc).
13. RRC Connection Establishment process after UE latch on Network.
14. S1 Connection Establishment process between UE and ENB/MME by s1 logical
connection.
15. Initial ERAB Establishment process, MME Send message ENB for E-RAB Setup, ENB
gains information for Setup and reply to MME.
16. Added E-RAB Establishment Process, if UE requires different QOS other than Initial E-
RAB Offered.
17. Accessibility Failure Cause: -Sleeping Cells/Overloading/RF/Parameter
18. Sleeping Cells: - In Locked mode/do not report due to hardware software issue, can
do Lock/Unlock or restart cell.
19. Overloading:-Due to High number of RRC Request, ENB Reject UE Request for some
time period to protect ENB from overload. Can Minimize Retransmission/Signaling
for reduce.
20. RF Abnormalities: - Weak Coverage, Radio Interference, Channel Quality, Transmit
Power
21. Parameter Discrepancy: - RRC Failures due to qRxLevMin for Cell Selection, S1
Failures due to incorrect location update setting
22. S1 Setup Failures: - Affected cells disable over time and generate alarm service
unavailable, also due to software error failures occurs.
23. Initial/Added Bearer Setup Failures: - Due to Service blocked for real time services
over non real time services as per UE request and ENB Congestion.
24. Retainability: - The ability of a user to retain its requested service once connected for
the desired duration.
25. Diagram for ENB Initiated E-RAB Release.
26. Diagram for MME Initiated E-RAB Release.
27. ERAB Drop due to Poor Radio/Weak Coverage: - Due to UE out of sync/Signaling
procedure fail/Max RLC Retransmission etc. to Reduce Check CQI/TA report for UE
located in Weak coverage area or not.
28. ERAB Drop due to HO Failures: -Check Cell downtime/Congestion on target cell, PCI
Collision, Find overshooting cells.
29. ERAB Drop due to Transmission: - S1 interface experiences intermittent
disconnections between ENB and MME
30. ERAB Drop due to Congestion: - Due to radio sources are insufficient if the number of
UEs reaches the upper limit. Load balancing procedures (Idle & Connected modes)
can be enabled to reduce the cell load.
31. ERAB Drop Widespread: -Check for Network cutover/updation, Traffic pattern, SW
Version, Parameter Settings, Issue Related Particular UE/Vendor
32. Mobility: - The ability to provide the requested service to the user with mobility
33. Diagram of HO Preparation
34. Diagram of HO Execution
35. HO Preparation is phase in which target cell assign necessary radio resource for
taking connection and HO Command message to source cell. HO Execution phase
 start when receive HO command message sent to UE and finished after arrive on
target cell.
36. Mobility Failures: - Poor Radio Condition/Badly Tuned HO Parameters. Due to Low
SINR of Target and Source cell can result in abnormal release before handover. Time
to trigger setting required to prevent ping pong handovers. By physical/parameter
optimization can adjust overlap margin and cell size.
37. HO preparation and execution failures due to poor radio/weak coverage,
Interference.
38. HO Preparation failures flowchart
39. HO Preparation failures due to incorrect parameter settings due to which network
does not provide radio for handover or target ENB cannot provide resource for the
HO during congestion. HO Execution failures due to PCI Collision in the target cell.
Also for hardware part due to board overload/faulty RRU/faulty CPRI/Faulty GPS.
40. DL & UL Throughput includes user data but excluding retransmissions, padding bits,
data PDU headers and RLC control PDU's.
41. Throughput relates on System bandwidth/MCS/MIMO Mode/parameter settings.
SINR Converted to CQI and reported to ENB in feedback channel by UE.CQI indicates
radio quality and by which appropriate MCS is selected.
42. Throughput troubleshooting: - Issue within ENB/Nearby all ENB? Throughput
degrade during busy hour or particular event time? Previous throughput KPI Trend
when its normal and after which time degraded? Other aspects to be check: -
Traffic/PRB/Enable features/parameter settings
43. BLER is High or not? Uplink interference is high or not? If User is excessively large or
not? License information to be check. Traffic Volume to ENB is Sufficient or not?
44. END
 Objective Type Questions

1. Which KPI from Below directly focus on user experience?

a. Call drop rate
b. RRC setup success rate
c. Latency
d. Handover success rate

2. Which step occurs first in call setup procedure?

a. RRC Connection Setup
b. Random Access
c. E-RAB Establishment
d. S1 Establishment

3. Attach Request sent from Where to Where?

a. MME to ENB
b. UE to MME
c. ENB to MME
d. ENB to UE

4. For Sleeping Cell troubleshooting we can do?

a. Parameter Changes
b. Physical optimization
c. Restart Cell
d. All of Above

5. Due to which RF Abnormality leads to Accessibility KPI Degradation?

a. Weak Coverage
b. Radio interference
c. Transmit power of UE
d. All of Above

6. From Below Which Parameter is used for cell selection?

a. a3Offset
b. qRxLevMin
c. threshold1
d. actCellTrace

7. From Below Which Parameter is used for cell selection?

a. a3Offset
b. qRxLevMin
c. threshold1
d. actCellTrace