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Chapter4 PDF

The document discusses creating scatter plots in Python. It explains that a scatter plot shows the relationship between two variables by plotting data points across two axes. It then demonstrates how to create a basic scatter plot using Matplotlib and customize it by adding keyword arguments to set properties like color and marker type. Finally, it provides an example of changing the marker transparency.

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Uriel Zamora
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
74 views

Chapter4 PDF

The document discusses creating scatter plots in Python. It explains that a scatter plot shows the relationship between two variables by plotting data points across two axes. It then demonstrates how to create a basic scatter plot using Matplotlib and customize it by adding keyword arguments to set properties like color and marker type. Finally, it provides an example of changing the marker transparency.

Uploaded by

Uriel Zamora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Making a scatter plot

I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N

Hillary Green-Lerman
Lead Data Scientist, Looker
Mapping Cell Phone Signals

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


What is a scatter plot?

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


What is a scatter plot?

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Creating a scatter plot
plt.scatter(df.age, df.height)

plt.xlabel('Age (in months)')


plt.ylabel('Height (in inches)')

plt.show()

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Keyword arguments
plt.scatter(df.age, df.height,
color='green',
marker='s')

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Changing marker transparency
plt.scatter(df.x_data,
df.y_data,
alpha=0.1)

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Let's practice
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N
Making a bar chart
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N

Hillary Green-Lerman
Lead Data Scientist, Looker
Comparing pet crimes
precinct pets_abducted plt.bar(df.precinct,
df.pets_abducted)

Farmburg 10
plt.ylabel('Pet Abductions')
Cityville 15 plt.show()

Suburbia 9

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Horizontal bar charts
plt.barh(df.precinct,
df.pets_abducted)

plt.ylabel('Pet Abductions')
plt.show()

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Adding error bars
plt.bar(df.precinct, df.pet_abductions,
yerr=df.error)

plt.ylabel('Pet Abductions')
plt.show()

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Stacked bar charts

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Stacked bar charts

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Stacked bar charts

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Stacked bar charts
plt.bar(df.precinct, df.dog,
label='Dog')

plt.bar(df.precinct, df.cat,
bottom=df.dog,
label='Cat')

plt.legend()
plt.show()

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Let's practice
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N
Making a histogram
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N

Hillary Green-Lerman
Lead Data Scientist, Looker
Tracking down the kidnapper

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


What is a histogram?

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Histograms with matplotlib
plt.hist(gravel.mass)

plt.show()

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Changing bins
plt.hist(data, bins=nbins)

plt.hist(gravel.mass, bins=40)

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Changing range
plt.hist(data,
range=(xmin, xmax))

plt.hist(gravel.mass,
range=(50, 100))

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Normalizing
Unnormalized bar plot Sum of bar area = 1

plt.hist(male_weight) plt.hist(male_weight, density=True)


plt.hist(female_weight) plt.hist(female_weight, density=True)

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Let's practice
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N
Recap of the rescue
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N

Hillary Green-Lerman
Lead Data Scientist, Looker
You did it!

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Modules and variables
Modules group functions import pandas as pd
together import numpy as np
Add a module using import

import happens at the


beginning of a script le

Variables store data: strings or


oats

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Using functions
Perform a task

Positional arguments

Keyword arguments

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Working with tabular data
import pandas as pd

DataFrames store tabular


data

Inspect data using .head()


or .info()

Select rows using logic

credit_reports[
credit_report.suspect ==
'Freddy Frequentist']

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Creating line plots
from matplotlib import
pyplot as plt

Use plt.plot() to create a


line plot

Modify line plots with


keyword arguments

Add labels and legends

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


More plot types
plt.scatter() shows
individual data points

plt.bar() creates bar


charts

plt.hist() visualizes
distributions

INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE IN PYTHON


Great job!
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO D ATA S C I E N C E I N P Y T H O N

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