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Frequencies: Name Symbol Frequency Wavelength Applications

The document discusses various frequency bands used in radio communication and their typical applications. It provides the frequency ranges and wavelengths for extremely low frequency (ELF) to extremely high frequency (EHF) bands. It also gives examples of specific technologies like GSM, GPRS, and CDMA that operate within these defined frequency bands and discusses microwave frequency bands from 1 GHz to 1000 GHz.

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91 views

Frequencies: Name Symbol Frequency Wavelength Applications

The document discusses various frequency bands used in radio communication and their typical applications. It provides the frequency ranges and wavelengths for extremely low frequency (ELF) to extremely high frequency (EHF) bands. It also gives examples of specific technologies like GSM, GPRS, and CDMA that operate within these defined frequency bands and discusses microwave frequency bands from 1 GHz to 1000 GHz.

Uploaded by

setup.143
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Frequencies

Name Symbol Frequency Wavelength Applications


Directly audible when converted to
Extremely low
ELF 3–30 Hz 10,000–100,000 km sound, communication with
frequency
submarines
Super low Directly audible when converted to
SLF 30–300 Hz 1,000–10,000 km
frequency sound, AC power grids (50–60 Hz)
Ultra low Directly audible when converted to
ULF 300–3000 Hz 100–1,000 km
frequency sound, communication with mines
Directly audible when converted to
Very low
VLF 3–30 kHz 10–100 km sound (below ca. 20 kHz; or
frequency
ultrasound otherwise)
AM broadcasting, navigational
Low frequency LF 30–300 kHz 1–10 km
beacons, lowFER
Navigational beacons, AM
Medium
MF 300–3000 kHz 100–1000 m broadcasting, maritime and aviation
frequency
communication
Shortwave, amateur radio, citizens'
High frequency HF 3–30 MHz 10–100 m
band radio
Very high FM broadcasting, amateur radio,
VHF 30–300 MHz 1–10 m
frequency broadcast television, aviation, GPR
Broadcast television, amateur radio,
mobile telephones, cordless
Ultra high telephones, wireless networking,
UHF 300–3000 MHz 10–100 cm
frequency remote keyless entry for
automobiles, microwave ovens,
GPR
Wireless networking, satellite links,
Super high
SHF 3–30 GHz 1–10 cm microwave links, satellite
frequency
television, door openers
Microwave data links, radio
Extremely high astronomy, remote sensing,
EHF 30–300 GHz 1–10 mm
frequency advanced weapons systems,
advanced security scanning

GSM-900 uses 890–915 MHz to send information from mobile station to base station
(uplink) and 935–960 MHz for the other direction (downlink), providing 124 RF
channels (channel numbers 1 to 124) spaced at 200 kHz. Duplex spacing of 45 MHz
is used.

GPRS provides data rates from 56 up to 114 kbit/s.

CDMA is a digital technology, analog audio signals must be digitized before being
transmitted on the network. CDMA is used by 2G and 3G wireless communications
and typically operates in the frequency range of 800 MHz to 1.9 GHz.
Microwave frequency bands
The microwave spectrum is usually defined as electromagnetic energy ranging from approximately
1 GHz to 1000 GHz in frequency. Most common applications are within the 1 to 40 GHz range.
Microwave frequency bands, as defined by the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB),

Microwave frequency bands


Letter Designation Frequency range
L band 1 to 2 GHz
ITU Radio Band Numbers
S band 2 to 4 GHz
C band 4 to 8 GHz 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
X band 8 to 12 GHz ITU Radio Band Symbols
Ku band 12 to 18 GHz
K band 18 to 26.5 GHz VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF
Ka band 26.5 to 40 GHz NATO Radio bands
Q band 30 to 50 GHz
U band 40 to 60 GHz ABCDEFGHIJKLM
V band 50 to 75 GHz IEEE Radar bands
E band 60 to 90 GHz
W band 75 to 110 GHz HF VHF UHF L S C X Ku K Ka V W
F band 90 to 140 GHz
D band 110 to 170 GHz (Hot)

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