UPM-CALC/BBI2424 ACADEMIC WRITING/SEM 1/2017_18/SCL/WORKSHEET 6
SCL WORKSHEET 6 (WEEK 10-12)
Due Date: 10 December 2017
Name: CHONG RONG CHENG
Matric no.: 187243 Group: 44
TOPIC: Sentence Structure
ITEM 1: Recognising Sentence Types
Identify the sentence number listed below as either Simple, Compound or Complex
sentence.
1
One of the most important attributes of soy milk is its ability to improve blood
lipid profile. 2Unlike dairy milk, which is high in saturated fat and cholesterol, soy milk
3
fat is mostly unsaturated with zero cholesterol. The monounsaturated and
polyunsaturated fatty acids in soy can inhibit the transport of cholesterol into the
blood stream. 4Studies have shown that regular intake of soy can significantly lower
blood concentrations of triglyceride and raise the level of high density lipoproteins
(Bernstein et. al., 2011). 5This combined effect makes soy milk an ideal drink for
those who have high cholesterol or a family history of coronary heart diseases.
6
Besides, the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids as well as the powerful phyto-
antioxidants in soy can effectively protect the blood vessels from lesions. 7Dinkleberg
(2010) explains that these compounds bind to the blood vessel lining, and they
defend our lining cells from free radical attacks and cholesterol deposits. 8The
binding of these nutrients also improves the fluidity and flexibility of the blood
vessels, so they are much more resilient to blood pressure changes (Dinkleberg,
2010). 9In addition, drinking soy milk also gives an extra dose of fibre and keeps the
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feeling of being full longer. Because soy is naturally high in essential fatty acids,
proteins, fibre, vitamins and minerals, these nutrients definitely provide energy and
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keep the body functioning at its optimum level. Therefore, there can be no doubt
that soy milk offers many benefits to keep the body healthy.
Adapted from Turner, T. & Carter, E. (2012). Health benefits of soy milk. Journal of Food Health,
37(1), 321-335. Retrieved from http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/abe_eng_pubs/277/
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No. Sentence No. Sentence Type
1 2 Complex sentence
2 3 Simple sentence
3 7 Compound sentence
4 9 Compound sentence
5 10 Complex sentence
ITEM 2: Combining Sentences in Different Ways
Read the paragraph below. Then, read the instructions that follow and combine the
given sentences into either simple, compound or complex sentences.
1
For many working adults, online education has greatly enhanced the opportunity to
take classes. 2Online education has also allowed many working adults to complete
their studies. 3Research indicates that although most online students successfully
complete their degree program, about forty percent of them fail in their studies
(Bates, 2010). 4These days most working adults pursue their studies online. 5It can
be a major issue if students do not put in sufficient effort and time in completing their
studies. 6In most cases, students can access their course at anytime from anywhere.
7
This means that parents, working students and professionals on the move have the
option of attending classes no matter how hectic their work schedule is. 8Students
only need a computer and Internet access to take online classes. 9On the other
hand, there can also be drawbacks for students pursuing online education.
10 11
Students may not be able to experience a conducive learning environment. They
have limited opportunities to learn from the experiences and backgrounds of peers in
12 13
class. In normal classrooms, students can share ideas and listen to peers. They
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can also collaborate face-to-face on projects and assignments. Normal classrooms
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encourage peer participation. Online classrooms have virtual discussion forums
with no face-to-face interaction. 16New ways of thinking and broader cultural diversity
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awareness is difficult to achieve. This is caused by the lack of students deeply
engaging in conversations with other students.
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1. Combine sentence 1 and sentence 2 to form a simple sentence with one subject
and two verbs.
Sentence 1: For many working adults, online education has greatly enhanced the
opportunity to take classes.
Sentence 2: Online education has also allowed many working adults to complete
their studies.
For many working adults, online education has greatly enhanced the opportunity to
take classes and allowed them to complete their studies.
2. Combine sentence 4 and sentence 5 to form a compound sentence with an
appropriate conjunctive adverb.
Sentence 4: These days most working adults pursue their studies online.
Sentence 5: It can be a major issue if students do not put in sufficient effort and
time in completing their studies.
These days most working adults pursue their studies online; moreover, it can be a
major issue if students do not put in sufficient effort and time in completing their
studies.
3. Combine sentence 10 and sentence 11 to form a compound sentence with an
appropriate coordinator.
Sentence 10: Students may not be able to experience a conducive learning
environment.
Sentence 11: They have limited opportunities to learn from the experiences and
backgrounds of peers in class.
Students may not be able to experience a conducive learning environment, nor they
have limited opportunities to learn from the experiences and backgrounds of peers in
class.
4. Combine sentence 12 and sentence 13 to form a simple sentence with one
subject and three verbs.
Sentence 12: In normal classrooms, students can share ideas and listen to peers.
Sentence 13: They can also collaborate face-to-face on projects and assignments.
In normal classrooms, students can share ideas, listen to peers and collaborate face-
to-face on projects and assignments.
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5. Combine sentence 14 and sentence 15 to form a complex sentence with an
appropriate subordinator.
Sentence 14: Normal classrooms encourage peer participation.
Sentence 15: Online classrooms have virtual discussion forums with no face-to-
face interaction.
Normal classrooms encourage peer participation whereas online classrooms have
virtual discussion forums with no face-to-face interaction.
6. Combine sentence 16 and sentence 17 to form a complex sentence with an
appropriate subordinator.
Sentence 16: New ways of thinking and broader cultural diversity awareness is
difficult to achieve.
Sentence 17: This is caused by the lack of students deeply engaging in
conversations with other students.
New ways of thinking and broader cultural diversity awareness is difficult to achieve
because of the lack of students deeply engaging in conversations with other
students.
TOPIC: Sentence Errors
ITEM 1
Identify five errors on subject-verb agreement in the following paragraphs. Write the
sentence number which contains the error. Correct the sentences in the space
provided.
Disability in Sports Media
1
According to Auslander and Gold (1999), the media is the key reason for
the negative images and ideas with regard to people with disabilities. 2Disability have
not been an area that the media has felt obligated to cover because media
representatives and their audience often do not know that disability sports exists or
even consider it authentic. 3In fact, some people seem to think that disability sports
4
are not legitimate sports. DePauw (1997) claims that people with disabilities
continues to be excluded from sports because they fail to meet the societal norm of
physicality. 5Athletes with disabilities feel the only time they are mentioned in the
mainstream media is when the media wants to perceive them in a stereotypical way.
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6
Hardin and Hardin (2004) conducted several studies using male wheelchair
basketball players. 7In these studies, the researchers concluded that the majority of
the athletes are desensitized to the way that the media ignores athletes with
disabilities. 8According to these studies, all the athletes enjoys mainstream media as
well as disability media. 9They use the mainstream media to gain socialisation with
others, learn more about able-bodied sports and find able-bodied sports role models
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(Hardin & Hardin, 2003; Hardin & Hardin, 2004). They also like the disability media
such as Sports n' Spokes because it allow them to see other athletes with disabilities
participating in a wide variety of sports. 11Many athletes with disabilities would like to
see media coverage focus on the influential elements of their sport, but they does
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not blame this entirely on the media. They just hope one day their athletic
accomplishments will be accepted as legitimate by the wider culture.
1. Sentence no: 2
Write the correct sentence.
Disability has not been an area that the media has felt obligated to cover because
media representatives and their audience often do not know that disability sports
exists or even consider it authentic.
2. Sentence no: 3
Write the correct sentence.
In fact, some people seems to think that disability sports are not legitimate sports.
3. Sentence no: 8
Write the correct sentence.
According to these studies, all the athletes enjoy mainstream media as well as
disability media.
4. Sentence no: 10
Write the correct sentence.
They also like the disability media such as Sports n' Spokes because it allows them
to see other athletes with disabilities participating in a wide variety of sports.
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5. Sentence no: 11
Write the correct sentence.
Many athletes with disabilities would like to see media coverage focus on the
influential elements of their sport, but they do not blame this entirely on the media.
ITEM 2
Identify the following sentence errors in the text below:
i. run-on
ii. fragment
iii. comma splice
iv. non-parallel structure
Write the sentence numbers which contain the stated errors. Correct the sentences
in the space provided.
1
“I am feeling depressed today” is a phrase that is uttered by countless people
each day. 2These individuals tend to misuse the term ‘depression’ to refer to the
normal ups and downs of daily life. 3In reality, depression is a serious illness. 4It has
caused 11 million individuals to spend $44 billion on the treatment of depression
each year (Greenberg, Stiglin, Finkelstein & Berndt, 1993). 5A clinically depressed
person in a constant state of sadness because of three main factors which are
genetics, substance abuse and social environment.
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Firstly, the most common cause of depression is genetics. 7People who are
born with low levels of serotonin and dopamine in their brains cannot experience
pleasure in the same way that people with both balanced chemicals can, these
people do not experience happiness from normal happy events. 8For example, a
clinically depressed student with chemical imbalances in the brain might derive less
satisfaction from earning an A for a subject than a student with balanced chemicals.
9
Therefore, people with low levels of serotonin and dopamine require extreme
circumstances to experience the same level of happiness that people with balanced
chemicals would experience from a lesser event.
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A second cause of depression is substance abuse. 11Substance abuse is the
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use of drugs, alcohol and tobacco in amounts which are harmful. Excessive
amounts of these substances in the bloodstream can alter the brain’s normal
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chemical balance. People who use these chemical substances may experience
short-term or long term depression due to the chemical changes in their brains for
example, alcoholics can develop depression because of the constant altering of the
levels of dopamine in their brain. 14Hence, the more alcohol a person consumes, the
risk of getting depression is likely to increase (Joseph & David, 2011).
15 16
Lastly, social environmental factors can trigger clinical depression. Failed
relationships and traumatic events are two common stimuli in depression (Mathews,
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Ridgeway & Williamson, 1996). Failed relationships such as a divorce or a falling
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out between family members can leave a person in a state of depression. In
addition, traumatic events such as the death of a family member or to witness a
murder are also social environmental factors that can send a person into depression.
1. Sentence error : Fragment
Sentence number: 16
Write the correct sentence.
The two common stimuli in depression are failed relationships and traumatic events
(Mathews, Ridgeway & Williamson, 1996).
2. Sentence error : Comma splice
Sentence number: 14
Write the correct sentence.
Hence, the more alcohol a person consumes, and the risk of getting depression is
likely to increase (Joseph & David, 2011).
3. Sentence error : Run-on
Sentence number: 13
Write the correct sentence.
People who use these chemical substances may experience short-term or long term
depression due to the chemical changes in their brains . For example, alcoholics can
develop depression because of the constant altering of the levels of dopamine in
their brain.
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4. Sentence error : Non-parallel structure
Sentence number: 7
Write the correct sentence.
People who are born with low levels of serotonin and dopamine in their brains cannot
experience pleasure in the same way that people with both balanced chemicals can
and happiness from normal happy events.
ITEM 3
Identify the following sentence errors in the text below:
i. run-on
ii. fragment
iii. comma splice
iv. non-parallel structure
Write the sentence numbers which contain the stated errors. Correct the sentences
in the space provided.
1
Bilingualism refers to the ability to use two languages in everyday life.
2
Bilingualism is common and on the rise in many parts of the world, with perhaps one
in three people being bilingual or multilingual (Wei, 2000). 3In California, for example,
by 2035, it is expected that over 50% of children enrolled in kindergarten will have
grown up understanding and able to speak a language other than English
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(McLaughlin, Spodek & Saracho, 1995). Despite the common occurrence of
bilingualism, very little research has been conducted on the topic, particularly on the
foundations of bilingual language learning in infants and toddlers. 5The science of
bilingualism is still a new field, some issues on bilingualism are impossible to
address due to vast differences across families, communities and cultures.
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Therefore, there have been many concerns over this issue such as whether mixing
of languages can cause confusion in children and hamper their language
development.
7
One of the biggest concerns that parents have about raising children in a
bilingual household is that learning two or more languages at the same time will
cause confusion. 8One misunderstood behaviour, which is often taken as evidence
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for confusion, is when bilingual children mix words from two languages in the same
sentence. 9This is known as code mixing. 10
In fact, is a normal part of bilingual
development, and bilingual children actually have good reasons to code mix
(Pearson, 2008). 11The reason some children code mix is that they are just repeating
what they hear adults around them say (Comeau, Genesee & Lapaquette, 2003).
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Another reason for code mixing among bilingual children is due to their
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limited vocabulary in both languages. Similar to how a monolingual 1-year-old
might initially use the word “dog” to refer to any four-legged creature, bilingual
children also use their limited vocabularies to substitute a word from one language
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with a word from another language. A bilingual child might not know or cannot
quickly retrieve the appropriate word in one language he or she might borrow the
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word from the other language (Lanza, 2004). Thus, rather than being a sign of
confusion, code mixing can be seen as a progress in their language development
and a sign of bilingual children’s ingenuity.
1. Sentence error : Non-parallel structure
Sentence number: 15
Write the correct sentence.
Thus, code mixing can be seen as a sign of confusion and bilingual children’s
ingenuity and a progress in their language development.
2. Sentence error : Comma splice
Sentence number: 13
Write the correct sentence.
Similar to how a monolingual 1-year-old might initially use the word “dog” to refer to
any four-legged creature; likewise, bilingual children also use their limited
vocabularies to substitute a word from one language with a word from another
language.
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3. Sentence error : Fragment
Sentence number: 10
Write the correct sentence.
In fact, code mixing is a normal part of bilingual development , and bilingual children
actually have good reasons to code mix (Pearson, 2008).
4. Sentence error : Run-on
Sentence number: 14
Write the correct sentence.
A bilingual child might not know or cannot quickly retrieve the appropriate word in
one language. He or she might borrow the word from the other language (Lanza,
2004).
TOPIC: Tenses
Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs.
The Negative Impact of the Advertising Media
Advertising has a strong impact on human’s senses especially the sense of
visual perception. This is because their eyes are the windows to the world around
them. What they see greatly (1) influences (influence) the way they perceive their
surroundings. Having fully grasped this perspective, the mass media and advertising
industry manage to mould the society into the norms that they (2) create (create)
through advertisements. Their influence can be seen in their everyday life through
habits and routines. Hence, it is undeniable that the advertising media to a great
extent has influenced people’s perception of gender role and behaviour as well as
social values.
Firstly, advertising media has an impact on the way society (3) perceives
(perceive) gender role and behaviour. It brings about gender stereotyping on how
men and women are depicted. Men are portrayed to be stronger and aggressive,
while women are perceived as the weaker half of society and are expected to be
gentle. Courtis and Lockeretz (1971) indicated that over the years, women had been
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portrayed as domestic providers who did not make significant decisions as they
(4) were (be) dependant on men. For example, car manufacturers use women in
skimpy clothing in their advertisements to advertise their cars instead of focusing on
the features of those cars. These are some of the roles that media has given to
women.
Another area that the advertising media influences society is in its value. The
ability of the mass media to influence social ethics remains one of the most worrying
influences as some of the values are decadent (Warhol, 1990). The lifestyles that the
media (5) portrays (portray) are glamorised and beyond the reach of ordinary
people. This has become a cause for concern when normal individuals in society try
to adopt these values and imitate the lifestyles of the rich. Thus, careful
consideration should be given before something is advertised in the media as
millions of individuals would be influenced by it.
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