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Biochemistry Part Two Mxed Answers

This document provides information about the expression of different Sub1 genes (Sub1A, Sub1B, Sub1C) in tolerant and non-tolerant rice varieties during submergence. It finds that Sub1A is only expressed in the tolerant indica variety and not in the non-tolerant japonica variety. Sub1A confers the greatest level of submergence tolerance by being expressed the most and for the longest duration. Genetically modified rice containing the Sub1A gene show enhanced submergence tolerance and ensure greater harvests during flooding events.

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gauri kanodia
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© © All Rights Reserved
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50 views

Biochemistry Part Two Mxed Answers

This document provides information about the expression of different Sub1 genes (Sub1A, Sub1B, Sub1C) in tolerant and non-tolerant rice varieties during submergence. It finds that Sub1A is only expressed in the tolerant indica variety and not in the non-tolerant japonica variety. Sub1A confers the greatest level of submergence tolerance by being expressed the most and for the longest duration. Genetically modified rice containing the Sub1A gene show enhanced submergence tolerance and ensure greater harvests during flooding events.

Uploaded by

gauri kanodia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

B
[1]

2. B
[1]

3. B
[1]

4. C
[1]

5. D
[1]

6. D
[1]

7. C
[1]

8. D
[1]

9. D
[1]

10. C
[1]

11. (a) (i) (GMF) C 1

IB Questionbank Biology 1
(50  22)
(ii) 22 × 100;
=127% ; (units required) (allow answers in the range of 127 to 127.3) 2

(b) error bars show the range/variability/uncertainty of the data / OWTTE;


error bars/standard deviation about the same length for day 0 and day 11 /
spread of data (around the means) about the same;
overlapping bars indicate that there is no (significant) difference in the
data/ means;
68% of population within one standard deviation; 2 max

(c) inversely proportional / the higher the tolerance, the less the
growth / vice versa 1

(d) first name/Oryza for genus / second name/sativa for species;


(all) members of Oryza sativa share special/unique features;
two names make a unique combination to designate species / worldwide
recognizable nomenclature;
varieties (japonica and indica) have some (consistent) differences
(in tolerance); 2 max

(e) (i) Sub1C 1

(ii) Sub1A is expressed strongly/the most / Sub1A produces the


most RNA;
Sub1B (always) has the lowest expression/produces least
mRNA;
Sub1A expressed/produces mRNA for the longest
time/days 1 to 10;
Sub1C expressed/produces mRNA for the shortest
time/days 3 to 7; 2 max

(iii) Sub1A only expressed/produces mRNA in indica / not/never


expressed/never produces mRNA in japonica;
Sub1C expressed/produces mRNA from day 1 in japonica,
but not indica;
Sub1B has lower expression/production of mRNA than
Sub1C in both varieties;
other accurate comparisons; 2 max

(f) Sub1A;
is only expressed in indica;
indica is the variety showing submersion tolerance; 2 max

IB Questionbank Biology 2
(g) genetically modified rice/rice with Sub1A is more tolerant to
submersion;
can withstand seasonal flooding/torrential rain;
GMF/tolerant rice ensures greater harvest/provides more food
during flooding; 2 max
[17]

12. (a) (i) phosphate 1


(ii) covalent / phosphodiester 1

(b) only the antisense strand is transcribed / the antisense strand is


transcribed to mRNA and the sense strand is not transcribed/has
the same base sequence as mRNA (with uracil instead of thymine) 1
To award [1], reference must be made to both strands and transcription.

(c)
prokaryotic DNA eukaryotic DNA
circular linear;
in cytoplasm/nucleoid region enclosed in nuclear membrane / in nucleus;
naked associated with proteins/histones;
plasmids no plasmids;
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA consist of a double helix of
(deoxy)nucleotides / phosphate, deoxyribose and base/ATC and G;

2 max
Award marks for paired statements only. Answers do not need to
be shown in a table format.
[5]

IB Questionbank Biology 3
13. (a) name of component [1 max] e.g. plant cell wall/cellulose/interstitial matrix/
basement membrane/glycoprotein/bone matrix;
functions [3 max]
EITHER
e.g. (plant cell wall) strengthens/supports the cell/plant (against gravity);
prevents the entry of pathogens;
maintains the shape of plant cells;
allows turgor pressure/high pressure to develop inside the cell;
prevents excessive entry of water to the cell;
OR
helps cells to stick together/adhere;
needed to hold cells/tissues together / example of cells/tissues
holding together;
forms interstitial matrix / forms basement membrane to support single
layers of cells;
e.g. around a blood capillary;
forms (part of the) filtration membrane in the glomerulus; 4 max

(b) vesicles carry material to plasma membrane;


vesicle fuses with membrane;
(by joining of) phospholipid bilayers;
aided by the fluidity of the membrane;
material released/expelled from the cell;
membrane flattens;
name of example e.g. exocytosis of neurotransmitter / exocrine secretion/
endocrine secretion / hormone secretion / release of cortical granules;
outline of example: (in the presence of calcium), neurotransmitter vesicles
release their contents into the synapse / hormones released from one cell
have an effect on another cell etc.;
Accept these points if clearly made in an annotated diagram. [4 max] if
no example given. 5 max

IB Questionbank Biology 4
(c) translation involves initiation, elongation/translocation and termination;
mRNA binds to the small sub-unit of the ribosome;
ribosome slides along mRNA to the start codon;
anticodon of tRNA pairs with codon on mRNA:
complementary base pairing (between codon and anticodon);
(anticodon of) tRNA with methionine pairs with start codon / AUG is the
start codon;
second tRNA pairs with next codon;
peptide bond forms between amino acids;
ribosome moves along the mRNA by one codon;
movement in 5′ to 3′ direction;
tRNA that has lost its amino acid detaches;
another tRNA pairs with the next codon/moves into A site;
tRNA activating enzymes;
link amino acids to specific tRNA;
stop codon (eventually) reached; 9 max
(Plus up to [2] for quality)
[20]

IB Questionbank Biology 5

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