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An extension of the finite Hankel transform

Article  in  Applied Mathematics and Computation · April 2004

DOI: 10.1016/S0096-3003(03)00372-2

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 Applied Mathematics and Computation 151 (2004) 713–717
www.elsevier.com/locate/amc

An extension of the finite Hankel transform

N.T. Eldabe, M. El-Shahed *, M. Shawkey
Faculty of Engineering, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a generalized finite transform, involving Bessel functions
as kernel. Inversion formula is established and some properties are given. The transform
can be used to solve certain class of mixed boundary value problems. Unsteady flow
through a concentric annulus has been considered as an application of this generalized
finite Hankel transform.
Ó 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Hankel transform; Operational calculus; Finite integrals

1. Introduction

Laplace, Fourier, Hankel and Mellin transforms have been applied to the
solution of boundary-value problems of mathematical physics. The application
of such transforms often reduces a partial differential equation in n indepen-
dent variables to one in n
1 variables and it is often possible, by successive
operations of this type, to reduce the problem to the solution of an ordinary
differential equation [9].
Most of the work done has involved problems in which the range of a
variable has been ð0; 1Þ. However, in applying the method of integral trans-
forms to problems formulated on finite domains it is necessary to introduce
finite intervals on the transform integral. Transforms of this nature are called
finite transforms and sometimes afford a more convenient method of solution

*
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. El-Shahed).

0096-3003/$ - see front matter Ó 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/S0096-3003(03)00372-2
714 N.T. Eldabe et al. / Appl. Math. Comput. 151 (2004) 713–717

than the classical methods which often require much ingenuity in assuming at
the outset a correct solution form [3].
Sneddon [7] considered a Bessel function as a kernel of a finite integral
which he defined as a Hankel transform and proceeded to show its usefulness
in resolving certain boundary value problems. Cinelli [4] extended the finite
Hankel transform method to include all symmetric and asymmetric cases for
two surfaces using Bessel Kernels of arbitrary order. Ali and Kalla [1] intro-
duced a generalized form of the infinite Hankel transform and applied it to the
problem of a heavy pollutant from a ground level aerial source within the
framework of diffusion theory. It is the purpose of this paper to introduce a
generalized finite Hankel transform, of which the finite Hankel transform of
Sneddon [8] will come out as particular cases, and thus to extend its utility to a
wider class of partial differential equations.

2. Establishment of transforms

A fairly large number of differential equations occurring in physics and

engineering problems are specialization of the form [2]


d2 yðxÞ ð1
2‘Þ dyðxÞ 2 ð‘2
l2 Þ
þ þ n þ yðxÞ ¼ 0; l P 0; n > 0:
dx2 x dx x2
ð2:1Þ
The general solution to Eq. (2.1) is
yðxÞ ¼ x‘ ½C1 Jl ðnxÞ þ C2 Yl ðnxÞ; ð2:2Þ
where C1 and C2 are arbitrary constants and Jl ðnxÞ, Yl ðnxÞ are Bessel function
of the first and second kind respectively. It is the purpose of this paper to
generalize the finite Hankel transform by using equation (2.1) in which BesselÕs
equation is a special case of it when ‘ ¼ 0. This work enables the technique to
be applied to a wider class of problems.

3. Generalized finite Hankel transform

The generalized finite Hankel transform defined by the linear operator

Z a
Hl ½f ðxÞ ¼ x1
‘ f ðxÞJl ðnn xÞdx ¼ f
ðnn Þ; ð3:1Þ
0

where f ðxÞ belongs to a certain class of functions for which the integral exists
and 0 6 x 6 a. If nn ðn ¼ 1; 2; 3; . . .Þ are a positive roots of the transcendental
equation
 N.T. Eldabe et al. / Appl. Math. Comput. 151 (2004) 713–717 715

Jl ðnn aÞ ¼ 0; ð3:2Þ

then the corresponding inversion formula is

2 X1
f
ðnÞ
f ðxÞ ¼ fx‘ Jl ðnn xÞg; ð3:3Þ
a n¼1 fJl ðnn aÞg2
2 0

when ‘ ¼ 0; the above relations reduce to the case considered by [7].

If the field of variation of the variable x is an interval a 6 x 6 b which does
not include the origin, then we use the second type transform defined by the
relation
Z b
Hl ½f ðxÞ ¼ x1
‘ f ðxÞfJl ðnn xÞYl ðnn bÞ
Jl ðnn bÞYl ðnn xÞg dx ¼ f
ðnn Þ;
a
ð3:4Þ

where nn are the positive roots of the transcendental equation

Jl ðnn bÞYl ðnn aÞ
Jl ðnn aÞYl ðnn bÞ ¼ 0; ð3:5Þ

then the corresponding inversion formula is

p2 X
1
n2n Jl2 ðnn bÞf
ðnÞ
f ðxÞ ¼ fx‘ ½Jl ðnn xÞYl ðnn bÞ
Jl ðnn bÞYl ðnn xÞg:
2 n¼1 Jl2 ðnn bÞ
Jl2 ðnn bÞ
ð3:6Þ

In the application of the finite Hankel transforms to physical problems, it is

useful to have available some formulae connecting the finite Hankel transforms
of derivatives of functions. For example,


d2 ð1
2‘Þ d ð‘2
l2 Þ 2 2Jl ðn bÞ
Hl þ þ ¼ ‘ f ðbÞ
‘ n f ðaÞ
n2n f
ðnÞ:
dx2 x dx x2 pb pa Jl ðnn aÞ
ð3:7Þ

If nn are the roots of the transcendental equation

  
‘
Jl ðnn bÞ nn Yl0 ðnn aÞ þ þ h Yl ðnn aÞ
a

  
‘

nn Jl0 ðnn aÞ þ þ h Jl ðnn aÞ Yl ðnn bÞ ¼ 0; ð3:8Þ
a
716 N.T. Eldabe et al. / Appl. Math. Comput. 151 (2004) 713–717

then the corresponding inversion formula is

p2 X
1
f ðxÞ ¼
2 n¼1
h   i2
n2n nn Jl0 ðnn aÞ þ a‘ þ h Jl ðnn aÞ f
ðnÞ
 h i2  
  2 h 2
i
nn Jl0 ðnn aÞ þ a‘ þ h Jl ðnn aÞ
a‘ þ h þ n2n
la2 Jl2 ðnn bÞ

ðx‘ fJl ðnn xÞYl ðnn bÞ
Jl ðnn bÞYl ðnn xÞgÞ;

ð3:9Þ

when ‘ ¼ 0; the case considered by Kalla [5] will come out as particular case of
above case.

4. An application to hydrodynamic

We consider the flow through a concentric annulus when one of the cylin-
ders stars rotating impulsively with a uniform angular velocity, while the other
is kept fixed. It is assumed that the rate of suction at one wall is equal to the
rate of injection at the other. The Navier–Stokes equations and the equation of
continuity reduce to Nanda [6]
ov o2 v 1 þ R ov 1
R
¼ þ
2 v; ð4:1Þ
ot or2 r or r
the boundary condition to be satisfied are
vðr; tÞ ¼ 1; r ¼ 1; ð4:2aÞ
vðr; tÞ ¼ 0; r ¼ r; ð4:2bÞ
vðr; tÞ ¼ 0; t ¼ 0: ð4:2cÞ
Applying Laplace transform to (4.1) we get
d2
v 1 þ R d
v 1
R
þ
2
v ¼ s
v; ð4:3Þ
dr2 r dr r
we now make use of the generalized finite Hankel transform with ‘ ¼
ðR=2Þ
and l ¼ ðR=2Þ
1. Let
Z r
Hl ½
v ¼
v ¼ r1þðR=2Þ
v½Jl ðrak ÞYl ðrak Þ
Jl ðrak ÞYl ðrak Þ dr; ð4:4Þ
1

where ak are chosen to be the positive roots of

Jl ðrak ÞYl ðak Þ
Jl ðak ÞYl ðrak Þ ¼ 0; ð4:5Þ
 N.T. Eldabe et al. / Appl. Math. Comput. 151 (2004) 713–717 717

using the boundary conditions (4.2a), (4.2b) and Eq. (3.7) we obtain


2Jl ðrak Þ 1 1

v ¼
: ð4:6Þ
pJl ðak Þ s þ a2k s
Applying the Laplace and generalized finite Hankel inversion we get
X
1
Jl ðak ÞJl ðrak Þ
v ¼ pr
ðR=2Þ ½Jl ðrak ÞYl ðrak Þ
k¼1
Jl2 ðak Þ
Jl2 ðrak Þ
2

Jl ðrak ÞYl ðrak Þðe
ak t
1Þ; ð4:7Þ
which is the same result obtained by Nanda [6]. When R ! 0, we get the case
considered by Sneddon [7].

5. Conclusion

In this paper we introduce an extension of the finite Hankel integral

transform, involving Bessel functions as kernel. Inversion formula is estab-
lished and some properties are given. The transform can be used to solve
certain class of mixed boundary value problems. The finite Hankel transform
of Sneddon [7,8] will come out as particular cases of our generalized finite
Hankel transform and thus to extend its utility to a wider class of partial
differential equations. Unsteady flow through a concentric annulus has been
considered as application of this generalized finite Hankel transform.

References

[1] I. Ali, S. Kalla, A generalized Hankel transform and its use for solving partial differential
equations, J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. B 41 (1999) 105–117.
[2] L.C. Andrews, Special Functions and of Mathematics for Engineers, Oxford Science
Publications, 1998.
[3] L.C. Andrews, B.K. Shivamoggi, Integral Transforms for Engineering and Applied Mathema-
ticians, Oxford Science Publications, 1989.
[4] G. Cinelli, An extension of the finite Hankel transform and applications, Int. J. Eng. Sci. 3
(1965) 539–559.
[5] S. Kalla, On a new integral transform. I, Jnanabha 9–10 (1980) 149–154.
[6] I.N. Nanda, Unsteady circulatory flow about a circular cylinder with suction, Appl. Sci. Res. 9
(1962) 85–92.
[7] I.N. Sneddon, On finite Hankel transform, Philos. Mag. 37 (1946) 17–25.
[8] I.N. Sneddon, The Use of Integral Transform, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1972.
[9] C.J. Tranter, Legendre transforms, Quart. J. Math. 2 (1952) 1–8.

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