TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION

Construction Works Technical Specifications

1) General Excavation Works:

All construction and roads will be made according to the basis stated below.
Building and channel applications will be made on the construction area where general area
excavation is completed according to the coordinates basics.
Excavation works is made by a machine or worker with the approval of Project Manager.
Excavation codes are determined. Excavation will be delivered to the base construction with
the completed compacting. Materials taken from the excavation are preserved if its quality is
good in order to be used on filling later. Remaining materials are transported on a distant area
of the plant. The cost for base excavation and side filling is paid one time. Filling cost is
included to excavation cost. (Base, connection beam, places where made channel production,
roads area, all places which are made excavation)

2) Filling Works:
Materials which will be used on filling works are sand, clay, gravel materials. The proctor test
of the material which will be used on filling must give the %98 compactness. Project Manager
should be informed about the test results before the delivery of the materials on construction
site. Materials should be approved by the Project Manager.

Making of Filling and Compacting Works

Approved materials will be delivered on construction site. Under base, road and inside the
building, filling materials, will be put on a 30 cm width and compacted by a 20 tone roller.
Narrow places compacting will be done by hand made. Thickness of fillings layer will be 30
cm and will be spread layer by layer. During the irrigation of filling material, humidity level
should not pass 20%.

Foundation and Basement Construction Technical Specifications

 Single foundation which will be constructed on the scope of this project, single or two
continuous foundations or spread foundations are shown below.
 All foundations will be placed on safe foundation.
 Proctor 98%n compactness should be considered on foundation floor of the foundation
which placed on filling ground and settlement test must be done.
 Under the foundation and on the final ground, polyethylene nylon of 8gr per square
meter should be spreaded. On single foundations and on foundations which are built
on the outside axes of the facility, nylon cover should be turned on foundation upper
level.
 After the completion of the construction of foundation, back filling will be completed
as shown on filling specifications, degree of the back filling should be proctor 98%
compactness.
 Under the foundation, working platform named lean concrete layer should be placed.
Protector Nylon polyethylene should be laid underneath.

Construction Materials which will be used on Foundation Construction:

 200 kg dosed cement of lean concrete.
 Foundation concrete quality C20-C25
 Anchor threaded bolt quality of steel construction should be St42.
 Contractor should give every kind of mix design, concerning concrete production, to
Project Manager and take the approval. After the approval of the Project Manager the
application will start.
 Foundation concrete production will be made with taking consideration of
atmospherically aspects. Above 28C, retarding agents should be applicated in
accordance with the procedure. The approval of the application concerning this
subject should be taken from the Project Manager.
 On the ground foundation report, if underground conditions show a formation of dense
sulphate attack, cement with sulphate resistance should be used.
 The protection of foundation concrete will be made by irrigation and protection layer
method. Contractor will give every kind of concrete production made according to the
Method of Construction to Project Manager and this will be made according to this
principal. And protection procedures should be shown Method of Construction.
 If there is underground water on the areas where will be made a foundation
construction this water will be taken away from the foundation sole by drainage
system.
 Rain flow will be blocked in order to prevent the ruin of foundation sole.
 Water leakage of waste water channels passing by near foundation (at least L= 80cm)
will be blocked.
 Rubber concentrated water passing near foundation should be at least L= 1.5m.
 Water isolation will be made on the surface of the outside concrete walls of buildings
with soil contacted basement.

Technical Requirements of Indoor Plant Slab Production

 This facility is a nutrient production facility of which hygienic expectations are highly
important. So the slab production construction of this facility is very important. All the
sanitary lines, channels which gather washing water and every gully and underground
waste water pipes should be furnish according to the inclination stated on projects
before the production of slab. Gully and channels shown on project should be made
out of stainless steel (quality 304). Gully covers and channel upper covers’ grills
should be made of stainless steel.
 Indoor plant furnishing concrete should be d=20 thickness and within section 2 line of
Q188/188 rebar (W.W.Fb) should be placed on furnishment casting plans construction
joint and expansion joint are shown. All production should be made according to the
given details. Water inclination on the surfaces of slab will be made according to the
stated codes. All finishing of surfaces will be finished trowiling and epoxy self
leveling and floor hardener will be applicated. Appropriateness’ approval will be taken
from Project Manager. Slab surface finishing covered with ceramic tiles will be
finished with screed rail.

As shown on Production Building surface covers:

a- Floor hardener
Specifications concerning these materials are also given.

 Construction joints and expansion joints of the unfinished slab will be filled with
polyurethane based joint filter. On a finished covering surface no water accumulation
will appear. All water will be accumulated in channel and gully. Water accumulation
is not acceptable.

Technical Requirement of Reinforced Concrete

Concrete and their type made according to this requirement conditions are stated
below. Determined concrete classes are shown on related project lay-out. On any
production area the Project Manager will decide concerning the relevant type. The mix
design production of shown concrete classes on this specification will be given to
Project Manager for the approval before the contractor initiate the project.

 Lean Concrete will be produced of PÇ42.5 Class cement addition.

C20- C25 Water and cement amount of reinforced concrete production will be shown
on mix design.
For C20 quality concrete : 20 Mpa
For C25 quality concrete : 25 Mpa
The slumps of reinforced concrete will be between 80mm and 100mm

 Reinforced concrete production’s protection will be as stated below

- Retarding agent and also irrigation and cover protection will be used on production
made on warm season.
-Retarding agent fastener will be used on cold weather (+4 C below). The amount of
retarding agent fastener will be shown on mix designer. Also covers and heatener will
be used for the protection. Project concerning protection and care will be given to
Contractor by Project Manager.
-Protection procedures of reinforced concrete materials will be given to Contractor by
Project Manger.
Use of reinforced concrete on buildings and the speed of form work settling will be
made according to the procedure given by Project Manager. Contractor should follow
this procedure which requests that the production should be continuous. Interrupted
 concrete production can not be permitted if its only for special conditions. Interrupted
productions will be on buildings which construction joints are already determinated.
-After the formwork of the concrete which are in harmony of the procedure and mix
design a vibrator will be put on form work in order to provide a very homogeny
setting.
-Examples of every concrete arrived on construction site will be taken for testing. 14
and 28 day strength testing results should be delivered systematically to Project
Manager.
-Production of low strength level concretes will be removed and taken away from the
construction site. Concrete low strength level should not be accepted.
-Trass cement can not be used on production of reinforced concrete production.
-The usage of sulphate resistant cement might be approved on special conditions by
Project Manager.

Specification of Reinforced Steel used on Concrete Buildings:

 Characteristic Strength 420 Mpa of all reinforcement used on this project.

 On covers which are placed on 0.00 code ready reinforcement will be used and the
strength 420 Mpa
Construction steel should be stainless and without any kind of scratch, scale,
deformation on surface. Steel with deformation should not be used.
The certificate and quality of delivered steel on construction area should be given to
Project Manager. Approved and tested steel will be delivered to construction area.
Low level strength concrete can not be accepted on construction area. And also high
carbonated steel can not be accepted on construction area.
Cast iron steel will be used only on projects of manhole and channel covers stated on
projects.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL SLAB:

 Reinforced Concrete Slab Has One Layer

1. PREPARATION OF BASE SOIL:

The soil should be stable, smooth (should have suitable leveling) and compacted. Especially
for base course, granular filling material should be used and silt / clay content should be low.
If silt/clay ratio is more than 5 %, this filling material doesn’t contain water more than
optimum water content.
During the economic life of building, water content should be stable by drainage system.

Define granular material: 70μm< Grain Size < 75mm

Filling should be prepared to bear building loads safely.

Plate Loading Tests:

 Tests should be executed on the foundation soil

 Plates should have 760mm and 500mm diameter
 For area < 3000 m2, for each 500 m2 area, one test, and min. 3 tests should be
executed.
 For area ≥ 3000 m2, 6 tests + for each 1000 m 2 except for 3000 m2 one test should be
executed.
 Max. difference between each test result and average test result should be 30 %. If not,
the soil should be improved.

Filling:

 The filling work is not executed at freeze and snow time.

 Filling roller should have 20 ton capacity.
 Filling should be done layer by layer.
 If the roller can’t approach somewhere where should be compacted by hand method.
 Compacted soil surface should be smooth.

2. JOINTS/BAYS

For industrial slab, joints are important applications to protect slab.

Insulation Joints:

Soil slab concrete and construction elements (walls, columns, beans, etc.) should be separated
by insulation joints. These joints should be constructed by flexible joint filler. Joint spacing
should be 5-20mm and determined according to the dimensions of bays.

Control Joints:

After casting slab concrete to prevent any cracks which come from contraction, control joints
should be formed.
The bays are formed by control joints should be square. If not, it can be formed as rectangular
but long side/ short side ratio can’t exceed 1,5.

Construction of Control Joints:

- By Cutting
After casting concrete, between 24 and 48 hours, the concrete should be cut by jointer. Joint
spacing should be 3-4mm and depth should be 1/3-1/4 of concrete thickness. After 21 days,
these joints should be filled by appropriate joint filler.

-By Placing PVC Base Material

After casting concrete and first smoothing, before setting, a PVC base material which has 4 mm
thickness and 35-40mm width, should be placed in the concrete. The top level of joint material
and concrete should be same. After placing joint filler, the concrete surface should be smooth.
Contraction/Expansion Joints:

Large area slab concrete should be separated by cont./exp. joints. If opposite thing is not
determined. For each 400-1200 m2 area, joints should be formed to prevent any cracks come
from temperature effect.
Cont./Exp. joints should be formed by steel base elements before casting concrete. Joint
elements can’t prevent concrete movement.

Construction Joints:

These joints are formed when casting concrete is stopped because of any cause. When
concrete casting is stopped, concrete should have determined height and vertical surface
should be smooth. For each 300mm, additional reinforcement which has 800 mm length and 14mm
diameter should be placed joint. The half of the reinforcement should be left in the first step
concrete; other half should be left in the second step concrete.

Min. 15 days before casting concrete, suitable bays should be determined for above joint
systems.

3. CONCRETE

-Concrete Contents
 Cement : Normal Portland Cement,
 Aggregates : Fine aggregate : Sand (Natural sand or Crushed rock sand)
Coarse aggregate: Crushed stone

Water : Water used for mixing concrete should be free of materials that significantly
affect the hydration reactions of Portland cement. Water that is fit to drink may
generally be regarded as acceptable for use in mixing concrete.

Admixtures : Plasticizer
Setting retarder or Setting Accelerator
Not: If need, admixtures will be used.

Cement Content : 300-380 kg/m3

Aggregate: Max. grain Size = 20mm
2-7mm : 40 %
7-20mm : 60%
Sand : 700-800 kg/m3

Water/Cement ratio : Max. 0,52

Slump ……………..: 80-100mm
If plasticizer added: Slump = 200±20mm
Fine Grain: Grain Size < 0,125mm; fine grain ratio min. 400 kg/m3

 Expected min. concrete strength fck = 20 Mpa

 STEEL STRUCTURE SPECIFICATION

A : Materials and specifications to be used in this steel construction.

B : Steel Connections
D1- Welded Connections
D2- Bolted Connections DIN 267 (10.9 )

C : The following international specifications are in use for this steel structure specification :
DIN 1025 , DIN 1026 , DIN 1028 , DIN 1029 , DIN 1050 , DIN 1541 , DIN 1542 ,
DIN 1543 , DIN 6914 , DIN 6915 , DIN 6916 , DIN 6918 , DIN 4100 , DIN 4115 and
Related EUROCOD, BS; AISC Specifications for the Design,
Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings, AWS.

D : Control of welds.

E : Control of high strength bolts.

F : Protective paintings.

G : Principles of assembling, Tolerances.

I : All of the QC criteria to be obeyed in this contract, have to be concordant with ISO 9002

H : Physical tolerances of materials used for production.

A : Steel materials to be used in this steel specification should be satisfy the following
specifications :

St33, St37-2, St44-2, St52-3 are the structural steel materials to be used in this steel
construction. All of this materials have to be satisfied DIN 17100 specification.

B : Steel Connections :

B1 – Welded Connections :
All of the welds defined in the related drawings have to be fit with DIN 1913 or AWS
specification. Weld Lengths and widths are defined in the application drawings.
Bar and plates connected with welds should be sand blasted, quality certified and approved
materials. Meanwhile, these materials have to be cleaned; removed from oil; rust, paint etc.

It is possible to construct load carrying members as well as built-up columns from St-37
an/or St-52 steel materials. In case of assembling load carrying structural members by means
of built-up sections, all of the welding should be full-penetration welds by forming edge
preparation. Application should be done according to DIN 1913 and/or AWS
Connections used in this steel specification, should be done with manual electrode welding
having 2-8mm electrode thickness. In built-up sections such as columns and beams,
submerged arc welding should be used.

B2 – Weld Defects :
After the welding process, some defects may occur in the secondary and main connection
elements. Some of these defects are metallurgical while the others are from thermal shrinkage.

- The following defects are due to insufficient weld preparation and they will never be
accepted.
 Carving from bottom
 Hydrogen crack
 The abundance of pore
 Insufficient melt
 Slag entering
 Concavity of root
 Excess in full penetration
 Excessive hardening
 Failure in full penetration
 Torn in the form of lamina

- Defects that come from wrong welding technique :

 Carving from bottom
 Overlapping
 Pore
 Not melting in the wall
 Insufficient penetration
 Broken of pipe
 Torn in the form of lamina
 Hor cracking
 Thermal cracking

All of the above given defects should be checked with ultrasonic tests and should be given
periodically to the Project Manager.

B3 – Connections with High Strength Bolts :

According to DIN 267, the quality of high strength bolts should be 10.9 (10K).
These type of bolts should be used in truss and/or beam-column connections to provide rigid
joints.
The principle of the load bearing of the joints are based on slip critical connection type. Bolts
used in these type of connection should satisfy DIN 7968. Therefore, the maximum tolerance
between bolt diameter and hole should be  1.0 mm.

The specifications used in this steel specification are in terms as follows:

- High Strength Bolts DIN6914
- Nuts DIN 6915
- Washers DIN 6916 – 6918

Two washer shall be used in all connections.

Pre-tension forces or squeeze moment are given below:

Pre-tension in Bolts
Bolt Pre-tension
Diameter Force Ma : squezze moment
Pv Slightly lubricated

mm. Ton Kg.m

M12 5 12
M16 10 35
M20 16 60
M22 19 90
M24 22 110
M27 29 165
M30 35 220
M36 51 380
All slip critical joints should be sand blasted before pre-tension application.

Safety factors for slip

Load Condition
Load Type
H HZ

Steel Structures 1.25 1.10

C : Valid Specification in This Technical Contract

DIN 1025 , DIN 1026 , DIN 1028 , DIN 1029 , DIN 1050 , DIN 1541 , DIN 1542, DIN 1543 ,
DIN 6914 , DIN 6915 , DIN 6916 , DIN 6918 , DIN 4100 , DIN 4115 , DIN 17100, BS
EUROCOD and AISC Specifications for the Design Fabrication and Erection of
Structural Steel for Buildings – AISC Manual I of Steel Construction ), AWS

D : Weld Control
In this project all of the welding shall conform DIN 4100 and AWS.
These welds shall be checked with ultrasonic tests methods. The quantity of these tests will be
as much as required by the control engineer of Project Manager.

E : Check of Connections made by High Strength Bolts

These type of connections are used in rigid column-beam connections.
All of the connections used in this project are Type – SL. The contractor should provide the
quality certificate of the bolts and should deliver it to the Project Manager.
The load carrying mechanism of high strength bolts are provided by friction forces, called slip
critical. The pre-tension check of the bolts should be done of 15% of all bolts.

F : Protective Painting

Final painting should be done at side after steel erection have been completed. Slip critical
joints should never be painted.

The paintings that may be used in this construction are given below:
The corrosive level should be ISO 12944 C2 .

 Epoxy Paint 150 micron

G : Assemblage of Members and Tolerances

Assemblage and the erection of the steel structure should be done after quality control in all
aspect such as transportation, tolerances paintings etc. All the responsibility of the assemblage
and erection is on the Contractor.
Erections which do not satisfy the project (drawing) criteria will not be accepted.
Optical control shall be used in erection and assemblage. During erection, all type of
workman safety should be satisfied.

G1: Anchor Bolt Erection

In order to prevent any misalignment between steel and concrete, it is very important to erect
anchor bolts correctly. The related contractor, should prepare a detailed “method of
construction” report and deliver it to the Project Manager. Anchor bolts should be hot dip
galvanized. Sag roots used to prevent sag in steel structure should be electro-galvanized.

G2 : Steel Structure Erection :

 All of the steel structure shall conform the related structural drawings and technical
specifications. Structural Drawings used for the erection shall also be approved.

 Before beginning to erection, the contractor shall prepare a detailed “method of

construction” report and deliver it to the Project Manager.

H : Physical Tolerances of Materials used in the Production

All of the material used in the steel structure, regardless of the importance, shall satisfy the
minimum tolerances specified in AISC specification.

I : Quality Control Criteria Used in This Contract

During the procurement of the material, the physical control principles have been given in
detail in clause I. Quality control of the production shall conform all of the requirements of
ISO 9002. Quality control will be carried out by PMI (Project Management International).