Percent Copper in Brass - YouTube Version PDF
Percent Copper in Brass - YouTube Version PDF
Percent Copper in Brass
https://youtu.be/xinck4X3vXE
Brass is an alloy of two common metals: _____________ and _____________.
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the mass percent of copper in a
sample of brass. To accomplish this, we’ll use a visible spectroscopy and apply Beer’s Law. Coloured
solutions absorb different wavelengths of visible light better than others. A colourless solution shows
no absorbance of visible light. Solutions that contain transition metal cations are often coloured. Beer’s
Law states that the absorbance of a solution is determined by the concentration of the species in the
solution that’s causing the colour and on the distance that the light travels through the solution. The
law is expressed mathematically as: A = bc where is the molar absorptivity of the coloured species,
b is the path length of the light, and c is the ion’s concentration in the solution.
Record the mass of brass pellets that were dissolved: _____________ g
Describe three evidences of chemical change that occurred when concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) was
added to the brass pellets.
Record the final volume of the solution containing the dissolved brass: ______________ mL
What is a “standard solution”?
A standard solution of copper(II) nitrate trihydrate was prepared.
Write the chemical formula for the solute: _____________________________________
Record the mass of solute used to make the standard solution ______________ g.
Record the volume of the standard solution prepared: ____________ mL
Use three unit multipliers to calculate the concentration of the copper(II) nitrate solution that was
prepared:
Name: _______________________________ Advanced Chemistry 30E Slot ____
Record the volumes of standard solution and of distilled water used to prepare the five dilutions.
Table 1: Preparing 5 Dilutions of Copper(II) Nitrate
Test Tube 1 Test Tube 2 Test Tube 3 Test Tube 4 Test Tube 5
Volume of Standard
Solution Used
Volume of distilled
water used
Use the concentration of the original standard solution and the volumes above to calculate the
concentration of copper(II) cations, [Cu2+], in the first test tube. Show your work below.
Sketch the absorption spectrum for each of the following solutions. Label the axes and include
appropriate scales.
Copper(II) Nitrate Copper(II) Sulfate
Name: _______________________________ Advanced Chemistry 30E Slot ____
Based on the four absorption spectra, it appears the _________________ ion is causing the solutions to
absorb visible light. The wavelength of maximum absorbance appears to be: max = _________ nm.
Explain why we didn’t use max , but instead chose a wavelength that was lower, when recording the
absorbance values for the five dilutions of Cu2+. State the wavelength that was used instead.
Record the [Cu2+] that you calculated for test tube 1 in the table below. Then calculate and record the
concentrations in test tubes 2 through 4.
Table 2: Data for Beer’s Law Scatterplot
Test Tube 1 Test Tube 2 Test Tube 3 Test Tube 4 Test Tube 5
[Cu2+], M
Absorbance
Record the absorbance values for the diluted copper(II) nitrate solutions above. Use the data in this
table to create a Beer’s Law plot for Cu2+ , absorbance vs [Cu2+], at the wavelength used in this
experiment. Insert a line of best fit for the graph and obtain its equation. Record the equation below
in the form, A = 3250C – 0.0023, where A is the absorbance and C is the concentration of the solution.
Record the absorbance of the solution with the dissolved brass: __________________
Use the equation from your Beer’s Law plot to calculate the [Cu2+] in the brass solution:
Start with the volume of the brass solution and find the mass of copper in the solution. Then calculate
the percent copper in the brass sample.
Name: _______________________________ Advanced Chemistry 30E Slot ____
Summarize the procedure in this experiment. Describe the major steps in the procedure. (Answers may
vary and you may not need all 8 steps).
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
Step 8
Outline five steps in preparing a standard solution with a volumetric flask.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5