Unit- 2.

1 Types of Management
a) Time Management
b) Event Management
c) Class Management

a) Time Management – Meaning, Needs and its Importance

It is rightly said “Time and Tide wait for none”. An individual should understand
the value of time for him to succeed in all aspects of life. People who waste time
are the ones who fail to create an identity of their own.
What is Time Management?

 Time Management refers to managing time effectively so that the right time
is allocated to the right activity.
 Effective time management allows individuals to assign specific time slots
to activities as per their importance.
 Time Management refers to making the best use of time as time is always
limited.

Ask yourself which activity is more important and how much time should be
allocated to the same? Know which work should be done earlier and which can be
done a little later.
Effective Time Management one needs to be:
Organized - Avoid keeping stacks of file and heaps of paper at your workstation.
Throw what all you don’t need. Put important documents in folders. Keep the files
in their respective drawers with labels on top of each file. It saves time which goes
on unnecessary searching.
Don’t misuse time - Do not kill time by loitering or gossiping around. Concentrate
on your work and finish assignments on time. Remember your organization is not
paying you for playing games on computer or peeping into other’s cubicles. First
complete your work and then do whatever you feel like doing. Don’t wait till the
last moment.
Be Focused - One needs to be focused for effective time management.
Develop the habit of using planners, organizers, table top calendars for better time
management. Set reminders on phones or your personal computers.
Time Management Techniques
Time management refers to the judicious use of time for achieving success in life.
Time Management helps an individual to make the best possible use of time. It is
essential for individuals to value time and allocate the right time to the right
activity.
Let us go through some Time Management Techniques:

 Set your Priorities. Know what all needs to be done on an urgent basis.
Prepare a “TO DO” List or a “Task Plan” to jot down tasks you need to
complete against the time slot assigned to each activity. High Priority Tasks
must be written on top followed by tasks which can be done a little later.
Make sure you stick to your Task List.
 Make sure you finish your assignments within the stipulated time
frame. Tick the tasks you have already finished. Treat yourself with a
chocolate if you finish your assignments ahead of deadlines.
 Understand the difference between urgent and important work. Manage
your work well. Do not begin your day with something which is not so
important and can be done a little later. First finish off what all is urgent and
important. Do not wait for your Boss’s reminders.
 Stay focused. Do not leave your work station if some urgent work needs to
be done. Going for strolls in the middle of an urgent work breaks continuity
and an individual tends to loose his focus. Individuals who kill time at work
find it difficult to survive workplace stress.
 Do include time for your tea breaks, net surfing, personal calls and so
on in your daily schedule. It is important. Human being is not a machine
who can work at a stretch for eight to nine hours. Assign half an hour to
forty five minutes to check updates on social networking sites, call your
friends or family or go for smoke breaks etc.
 Set realistic and achievable targets for yourself. Know what you need to
achieve and in what duration? Do not lie to yourself. Assigning one hour to a
task which you yourself know would require much more time does not make
sense.
  Do not overburden yourself. Say a firm no to your boss if you feel you
would not be able to complete a certain assignment within the assigned
deadline. Don’t worry, he will not feel bad. Probably he can assign the same
to any of your fellow workers. Accept tasks which you are really confident
about.
 Be disciplined and punctual. Avoid taking unnecessary leaves from work
unless there is an emergency. Reach work on time as it helps you to plan
your day better.
 Keep things at their proper places. Files must be kept at their respective
drawers. Staple important documents and put them in a proper folder. Learn
to be a little more organized. It will save your time which goes on
unnecessary searching.
 Do not treat your organization as a mere source of money. Change your
attitude. Avoid playing games on computer or cell phones during office
hours. It is unprofessional. Do not work only when your boss is around.
Taking ownership of work pays you in the long run.
 Develop the habit of using an organizer. It helps you plan things better.
Keep a notepad and a pen handy. Do not write contact numbers or email ids
on loose papers. You will waste half of your time searching them. Manage
your emails. Create separate folders for each client. Do not clutter your
desktop.

Time Management plays a very important role not only in organizations but
also in our personal lives.
Time Management includes:

i. Effective Planning
ii. Setting goals and objectives
iii. Setting deadlines
iv. Delegation of responsibilities
v. Prioritizing activities as per their importance
vi. Spending the right time on the right activity

 Effective Planning
 Plan your day well in advance. Prepare a To Do List or a “TASK PLAN”.
Jot down the important activities that need to be done in a single day against
the time that should be allocated to each activity. High Priority work should
come on top followed by those which do not need much of your importance
at the moment. Complete pending tasks one by one. Do not begin fresh work
unless you have finished your previous task. Tick the ones you have already
completed. Ensure you finish the tasks within the stipulated time frame.
 Setting Goals and Objectives

Working without goals and targets in an organization would be similar to a

situation where the captain of the ship loses his way in the sea. Yes, you
would be lost. Set targets for yourself and make sure they are realistic ones
and achievable.
 Setting Deadlines

Set deadlines for yourself and strive hard to complete tasks ahead of the
deadlines. Do not wait for your superiors to ask you everytime. Learn to take
ownership of work. One person who can best set the deadlines is you
yourself. Ask yourself how much time needs to be devoted to a particular
task and for how many days. Use a planner to mark the important dates
against the set deadlines.
 Delegation of Responsibilities

Learn to say “NO” at workplace. Don’t do everything on your own. There

are other people as well. One should not accept something which he knows
is difficult for him. The roles and responsibilities must be delegated as per
interest and specialization of employees for them to finish tasks within
deadlines. A person who does not have knowledge about something needs
more time than someone who knows the work well.
 Prioritizing Tasks

Prioritize the tasks as per their importance and urgency. Know the difference
between important and urgent work. Identify which tasks should be done
within a day, which all should be done within a month and so on. Tasks
which are most important should be done earlier.
 Spending the right time on right activity
Develop the habit of doing the right thing at the right time. Work done at the
wrong time is not of much use. Don’t waste a complete day on something
which can be done in an hour or so. Also keep some time separate for your
personal calls or checking updates on Face book or Twitter. After all human
being is not a machine.