SKILLS manilelailey Listening & Speaking = Ty am id pean ed Fiona Scott-Barrett| | Proficiency Listening & Speaking Fiona Scott-Barrett LONGMAN EXAM SKILLSEXAM FACTFILE Paper 4: Listening takes is conducted in nn groups consists of three or four parts making up a total of 25-30 questions. The tasks could take ‘the form of ‘* multiple-choice questions « true-false questions ‘= note-taking and blank-filing exercises # yes-no questions: + identifying who said what + labelling diagrams tests your ability to listen to a spoken text and: ‘* understand the gist ‘follow the significant points «identify specific information + understand points of detall ‘ recognise attitude, emotions and opinions deduce meaning is marked Paper 5: Speaking takes out of a final total of 20 marks ‘about 15 minutes (individual candidates) OR about 20 minutes (paired candidates) OR about 25-27 minutes (groups of three) is conducted in a one-to-one interview with an examiner OR an interview in pairs with an examiner OR an interview in groups of three with an examiner consists of four parts: is marked ‘some general, personal or social questions (about 1 minute) ‘a discussion based on one or more photographs (about 5 minutes for individual candidates; about 7 minutes for paired candidates; about 10 minutes for groups of three) ‘* commenting on a short passage (about 2 minutes for individual candidates; about 3 minutes for paired candidates; about 3 minutes for groups of three) ‘* a communicative activity (about 5 minutes for individual candidates; about & minutes for paired candidates; about 12 minutes for groups of three) interact in a theme-based conversation in English on general, specific or abstract ‘topics while demonstrating appropriate control of: «fluency accuracy ‘» pronunciation of sentences ‘© pronunciation of individual sounds + Interactive communication ‘¢ vocabulary ut of a final total of 40 marks | | |CONTENTS | Exam factfile Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 5 Unit 7 Unit 10 Practice exam Mini-dictionary Man and the environment Relationships Young people in society Work and play Health and medicine The consumer society Crime and punishment Art and heritage Body and mind Media and communicationECM LiL Think about the topic Before you listen \Work with a partner and discus the following questions. Match the words (1-4) withthe correct deftions (a-d). 1. How does man affect the environment? 1 adil 2. How does the environment affect man? the death toll 3. Do you have any personal experience of natural disasters’ 2 3. a mobile hon 4 rubble a large caravan used as permanent accommodation In the exam, you are given time to read the ‘questions before you hear the tape. For blank-filing tasks like Listening 1, use this time to anticipate what kind of information ‘you will be listening for. ba practice of the things you should do in a dangerous situation such as a fire © pieces of brick or stone that come from a building that has been destroyed d the number of people killed in an accident, disaster or war Listening 1 {Look at questions 1-7 in b, What kind of word oF infrration will you be listening for to answer each question? Choose from the following possbilies and waite the number ofthe corresponding question (1-7) in the cortect box. a past participle ofa verb (x 2) figure ann adjective describing geographical location a service or organisation] aday or dite L 4 noun relating o people 1b DD You will hear part of a radio news bulletin about a natural disaster in Florida For questions 1~7, complete the notes with a number, a word or a short phrase eeecessststets Tornadoes in Florida Wind speeds reached nearly HL) res per hour Four counties in Md Florida have been affected | | At least 36 people have pte Porter 200 have, | vend The Nazional KEL —] broadcast tornado warrin ‘The clean-up operation will be carried out by (eee oy emergency-management officials, © Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers.season Listening 2 2 EXD The nens bulletin you heard in Listening 4 continues, For questions 1-9, ck (? a box in the table below if damage ofthat type has occurred in that area Orange County ‘Osceola County Volusia County 1 trees oO o Qo 2 power lines =) Oo Oo 3 cars and trucks Qa QO QO 4 shops and stores Oo Le Q '5 houses and apartments Q oO oO 6 mobile homes a fel oO T theme parks EI Qo Q 8 campsites Oo oO a 9 government buildings Qo oO oO 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Before you listen ‘Match the words (15) with the correct definition (2-0 1 ananchovy —_a_an adjective describing an area where the land is very dry 2 arid b a long period of time without any rainfall 3a drought © a product used to feed chickens 4 fishmeal d the droppings of sea birds 5 guano © a small fish Listening 3 a OH You will hear a lecture about a dimatic phenomenon called E] Nino. For questions 1-8, complete the notes with one or two words, or a short phrase. EINifio A warm curtent appears inthe eastern Facttic very WM The phenomenon called EI Nito occurs every MM) ‘The water temperature in the Western Pacific is usually Ls | Be than in the Eastern Pacific. The winds known as the ‘trade winds’ usually blow ee ee During El Nifio, the warmer water moves to the I acite l | EF uct 20 make tortor iol ______] are used in the manufacture of fishmeal. a SSS ——S—S 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers,ETE U React ans See a Photographs {a Look at the photographs below and think about what they have in common. Match the phrases (1-3) and (@-0) to make complete sentences describing the theme of the photographs. 1 They all depict a the forces of nature can disrupt daily life. 2 The theme that conneets them is, b the aftermath of natural disasters. 3 Bach picture illustrates how © the devastation caused by natural disasters. 'b Describe the setting and people in each of the photographs. Useful words and phrases severely flooded thigh-dleep in muddy water (to) salvage (to) wade (to) float about debris a waterproof garment (0) collapse an earthquake (to) crumble heaps of rubble twisted bits of metal jagged chunks of reinforced concrete rescue workers hard hats (to) creep through a gap survivors withered erops cracked earth severe drought a handful of soil (to) tun to dust despair (00) sean the sky for signs of rain In the exam, you will be asked to talk about one or more photographs. The examiner will ask you some questions about the photographs and expect you to highlight the theme that links them,Discussion points |@ What needs do the victims of natural disasters have? Work with a partner and discuss whether the items below are short-term needs, long-term needs, or both. Write 5, or Both by each item. 1 blankets 6 medical supplies 2 clothing 7 medical help 3 reestablishment of essential services 8. psychological support (c.g. gas, electricity, water) 4 financial compensation 9 reconstruction of private houses 5 food 410 reconstruction of public buildings Who do you think should be responsible for meeting each ofthe needs in a? © local governments international aid organisations © national governments « insurance companies «charities the vietms and their families Passages Read all three passages below quickly, and then answer the questions and do the tasks that follow, IN THE PERIOD around 100 BC to 1460 BC the island was devastated: the palaces were smashed and bumed and smaller settlements destroyed. The cause of this disaster is stil the most controversial/of all Minoan riddles, but the most convincing theory links it with the ‘eruption of the volcano of Thira. Iti believed thatithe eruption threw up great clouds of black ash and a huge tidal wave. Coastal settlements would have been smashed by the ~ ‘wave and a¢companying earth tremors would have contributed to the destruction. 5 = Hundreds of troops, police officers and firefighters have been drafied into a massive Teseue operation afte heavy floods in eastern Slovakia Killed a least 16 people, many of them children. Several rivers burst their banks, sending flood waves onto 20 villages and gypsy Fa epee thus ceca ‘© Do not run outside. «Take shelter under a table or doorwayito protect you from falling debris. « Count to forty (Most tremors last no longer ‘than forty seconds.) «© Turn off the gas and elecriclty encampments, Thousands have hi jane nt .T ave had to flee their . La a? rapidly and make your ‘homes, often with only afew minutes’ waming. et 1 Which passage a gives information about a contemporary event? b speculates about a historical event? € gives instructions? || In the exam, you will be shown three passages and asked to read and comment on one of them. "| © Do not read the passage aloud. The examiner will stop you if you do so. || © You may quote short extracts from the passage to support your opinions. 2 Underline at least two phrases in each passage to support your opinion. 3 Which passage 2 probably comes from a newspaper report? b might be posted on a noticeboard’? € probably comes from a textbook or guidebook? 4 How does each passage relate to the theme of natural disaste ne two words or phrases in each passage to support your opinion. ==DET CU OL Before you listen ‘Complete the table, using the words and phrases in the box. car exhaust fumes oil spills water pollution rise in earth’s temperature increased risk of skin cancer untreated sewage breathing problems, e.g. asthma _ soil erosion 1 ae «© loss of plant and animal species ‘© build-up of carbon dioxide 2 in atmosphere 3 «© air pollution rise in earth’s temperature © factory emissions ‘© buming fossil fuels loss of marine species 4 ‘© destruction of coral reefs «© overuse of chemicals in agriculture ‘use of aerosols and coolants that ® depletion of the ozone layer 8 ‘contain CFCs rise in earth’s temperature 22 0 You wil hear part of an interview with Paul Wrightsman, the director of ‘Scubatours, a tour company which spedalses in diving holiday. He is discussing the contents of a recent environmental report about coral refs, For questions 1~11, complete the noes with one, two or three words. betes tttttittts Coral reefs at risk Reete atected worlide: MM) per cont Regions at greatest riot al Causes of the problem: construction of MM) eng BD tccharae rottion trom MM) ng EE) ee, _ J] 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. =Listening 2 In true-false and multiple-choice questions, you generally do not hear the same words spoken on the tape as those written on the question sheet. Listen and try to find evidence that supports or contradicts each statement on the question sheet. a 00 The interview with Paul Wrightsman you heard in Listening 1 continues. For questions 1-5, decide which statements are true and which are false. Write Tif you think the statement i true and F if you think it is false. [id Fish ae inevitably threatened with extinction asa result of tour s visiting coral reefs. Many countries with coral reefs earn most of their income from tourism. Inresponsible tourists might be tempted to damage coral reefs. ‘Tour operators are unable to influence hotels’ environmental policies. leaning up the environment in areas with coral reefs is not cost effective in the long term. Bb Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers Listening 3 HG You will hear a radio interview with Maggie Kerr, who launched the ‘Down with Noise! campaign. For questions 14, choose the alternative (A, B, C or D) which bes its according to what you hear 4 According to Maggie Kerr, high levels of noise A have been reduced in towns and cities B are recognised as a problem by the World Health Organisation. € are recognised as a health risk by most members of the public. D can cause asthma in children. 2 Maggie Kerr A had a history of blood pressure problems. B went to her doctor for advice on how to handle stress. © was luck D became ill as a result of a change in her immediate environment. that her doctor believed her. 3 Noise constitutes a health hazard A mainly for people who suffer from ses B_mainly for people who live near airports € when people are exposed to above-average noise levels over a long period, D when people are exposed to very high noise levels for short periods. 4 The ‘Down with Noise’ campaign A organises national campaigns against cars. B shares some of the aims of other environmental groups. © wants to reduce bus traffic in towns, D works together with Environmental Health Officers. Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers epeeMan and the environment SpeakingB Photographs ‘@ Look at the photographs below. Describe briefiy what you see in one of them, b Describe what it would be like to be at the scene of one of the photographs. © What do the three photographs have in common? Useful words and phrases in gridlock bumperterbumper traffic ((0) grind to a halt palls of smoke (¢0) go up in flames Go) obscure blazing raging an open dump discarded household goods (to) burst open (¢o) spill out an eyesore (10) blot (to) mar_an otherwise idyllic landscape frustrating/disturbing/saddening/disgusting a stiling atmosphere (to) choke thoughtlessness/carelessness deliberate disregard for the long-term consequences of ... All the photos show problems which ... ‘The photos deal with different aspects ofDiscussion points ‘Work with a partner and discus the following questions 1. Which of the environmental problems shown in the photographs upsets you most, and why? 2 What can be done to prevent or solve ‘© by members of the public? © by governments? problem: Useful phrases [find ... particularly upsetting/worrying/disturbing because ... {In my view, the problem of ... is the most serious, as .. ‘One way to prevent the problem would be to 1 think the most effective solution would be to. ‘At a personal level, everyone could .., ‘Tye heard that in (Germany/the USA/Britain, etc) they've ... and we could try that here too. T think governments need to introduce far stricter controls on ... ‘Communicative activities 1 Ranking activity {a Which of the folowing problems pose the greatest threat to mankind's health and future survival? Choose the two problems you think are the most serious and explain the reasons for your choice Environmental problems © deforestation ‘© depletion of the ozone layer © noise ‘© water pollution ¢ air pollution ‘© nuclear waste © rubbish disposal global warming b Which of the above problems are the most serious now in the area where you live? Choose two or three, and explain the reasons for your choice. giving examples from your own knowiedge and experience 2 Discussion Foreigners are more environment. conscious. Thanks to tourists coming here, we've cleaned up our act. ((Tourtam nos destroyed our countryside, |. Now it’s covered in concrete ‘@ Comment on the ideas expressed in each statement. What might covered in concrete refer to? In what ways might a country have cleaned up its act? 1b What is your reaction to each statement in relation to your own country? Is it: « irrelevant? © partially true? © too extreme? © absolutely true? © other? Give examples from your own experience and knowledge to support your opinion.Relationships Think about the topic Before you listen Work with a parner and discus the following questions. Explain the diferences between the words in each group. 1 How important are family relationships to you? 4 an extended family és digas 2 In what way have relationships within families a nuclear family a babysitter changed since your parents were young? a single-parent family ‘a nursery school 3 What role, if any, do animals play in your Hie? 2. to keep someone company to be/not be good company to keep company with (a group of people) Listening 1 ‘True-false and multiple-choice questions often test your ability to understand a speaker's attitude to and opinions about the topic which is being discussed. a Look at questions 1-8 in b. Which questions do you think test your ability to understand a speaker's atitude and opinion, and which test your ability to understand information that the speaker gives? Write AO (attitude and opinion) or / (information), 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 a bb ED You wil hear part ofan interview with Kathy, a British woman who lives in Greece and i married to a Greek man. She is talking about the differences between family life in Britain and Greece. For questions 1=B, decide which statements are true and which ae false. Write Tif you think the statement true and F i you think its false [BW Kathy considers herself an expert on fami life in Greece and Britain. [Ei Kes thinks tater family unit was epic of Bris families at the time she grew up. The extended fly ystem in Grsee hasbeen affected by employment problems. Kathy believes that Grek famils are loserit tan Bish ones oe [Eh katy chinks tng amis are happier than smal ones. only child. Kady ives in he same ft os her paren pegooeoe [Bi Five family members tive in her brotherintaw’s fat © Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers,Listening 2 @ 0D Tre interview with Kathy you heard in Listening 1 continues. For questions 1-4, choose the altemative (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear. ‘Sometimes in multiple-choice tasks, the final ‘question tests your understanding of the whole passage. This is the case with question 4 in Listening 2. 1 Kathy gets frustrated in Greece because A. she feels lonely. B she is not allowed to make her own decisions. € family members are constantly asking her for help. D family members are constantly giving her advice. 2 Asa working mother, Kathy A has had to change her schedule every week. B has had to find a childminder. C finds life easier in Greece than Britain. D is forced to rely on the family for help. 3. Kathy thinks Dimitris’ brother's mother Ais being used by her family. B is too ill to be expected to cook. € enjoys her household duties. D would be better off in a nursing home 4 In this part of the interview, Kathy A presents a balanced view of family life in Greece. B presents a balanced view of family life in both ‘countries. C jis highly critical of family life in Britain. D is highly critical of family life in Greece 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers Listening 3 @ BH You will hear a radio programme in which a couple discuss their unusual relationship. For questions 1-9, write either ALEC, PENNY, BOTH or NEITHER in each box. Which partner: earns an income? By] cecided he/she wanted to change their way of life? [Ey aways worked regular office hours? appears to be very peopleoriented? [By suagested their current way of life? LG is sotisica with their current way of life? did not entirely trust their childminder? [Gil is ctssatisfied with their financial arrangements? is hurt by the reactions of friends or colleagues to their situation? oH 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers,Discussion points ‘a Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 4. What changes are taking place in family life in your country at present? Are these changes for the better or for the worse? Which of the following sentences (af) are ‘true for your country? ‘These days more and more men are prepared to help their partner with childcare. ‘The extended family system is breaking down. al b 1b Tick (/) the sentences (a) in a which are true for your country the box below to give complete answers to questions 1 and 2 in a. ‘Useful phrases Tthink/don’t think this is something to be This has advantages in that ..., but on the ‘concerned about, as ... think this is a change for the Detter/worse, sinee ... Passages {The examiner may ask you fo comment onthe se and possible ‘Match the items from the three columns in the table below. They colourful descriptions; metaphors (eg. an ice-cold voicey; informal, personal ‘extract from a newspaper smiles (e.g. like a fish out of water) attide or scientific report personal opinions are avoided: the personal pronouns /, neutral, impersonal ‘extract from a novel or ‘we and you are rarely used; more formal vocabulary is short story chosen (e.g. somnolence instead of sleepiness) ‘personal opinions are expressed; the personal pronouns /, —iterary ‘extract from an interview we and you are used: phrasal verbs are used, b Find exampies ofthe types of language in the table ina in the tree passages below. 1 was the second minxedirace baby my family adopted. Part of the reason they took me was because my father found my brother (also mixed race) trying to ‘scrub the drt of’ inthe bath when he wat two years old. Senskiy they fet he needed ‘a visual Looking back, we epitomised the 1960s ‘melting pot ideology that so mary socal workers row disparage. There was no dseriminaton in ry famiy, we were all brought up with the same | ‘amaunt of boundess reciprocal love, © Comment on the style and probable source of each passage. ‘Young people are leaving home earlier than they used to. As a result of economic pressures, more and more mothers are going out to work € The divorce rate is on the increase. Because of work pressures, many children moe 2 most never see their father during the week. Use the Useful phrases in source of a passage. ‘are not in the correct order. or discussion. The most striking fact emerging from the survey is that male and female atiudes to friendships are ver diferent For most men, friendship is based on common interests and shared activities, whereas women place a far higher value on the sharing of problems and ‘rmotions with friends, This dichotomy surfaces during early adolescence: female respondents in the [1-14-year-old category placed ‘the ubilty 1 keep 2 secret’ atthe top Of the list of desirable attributes in a friend, Remember that, although you see a written text, it may originally have been a spoken passage.Penne Before you listen Explain the differences between these pairs or groups of words. 1 conservation arca natural habitat 2 a poacher a hunter Sometimes a listening passage and/or the mpredinion |} questions related to it wil contain vocabulary that is unfamiliar to you. seni ‘Try to deduce the meaning from the in captivity context. Often it will become clear during or 4 nenbyo after the frst listening. a nucleus an egg cell Listening 1 OD You wil hear a conversation between two flatmates. They are discussing an article in the ‘morning newspaper. For questions 18, decide which statements are true and which ae false. White T if you think the statement is true and F if you tink is false Ed eis of taking par in a proestappeate to Mike [By Derek approves of the anima ight activists’ aims and metods Dare disgusted by people who wear fr [Bi Derek and Wie ar discussing these sues forthe ist ime [EU Fein he mink is hey to prove an ecological stern the aren nea he fr [Dh Mie is inditerent othe sue of animals being ep in capt Mike thinks the animal rights activists should be taken to court. [Ey ere is more emesionat sou animals than Mk Bebooeoe Now tsten again and check, complete or amend your answers Listening 2 a OD You will hear a radio news bulletin about dogs. For questions 16, decide which statements are true and which are false. White Tif you think the statement is true and F if you think it is false. [EB 0g: are being used instead of human models in French advertisements. [By Parisian dog-owners take their pets for beauty treatments The popularity of afin contributed tothe demand for dogs s move Eb sppeatng dog could be used asa model ooo "The French ar wena be dog vers [Ei 1 aim of the buen is to amuse the Kistner 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answersListening 3 @ OX You will hear a radio programme about the giant panda. For questions 1=10, complete the notes with a number, word or short phrase. In note-taking exercises, you will lose marks in the exam if: ‘+ words are not correctly spelt. This includes using capital letters where necessary. + the completed sentence is not grammatically correct. ‘The giant panda China estimates that the number of pandas alive outside zoos is Many panda cubs do not survve because MM anaiy Cloning involves: © removing the nucleus from «replacing te with the ruclus from i «implanting the embryo in id In contrast to the cloning of Dolly the sheep, the Chinese plan to use an egg cell and a host mother which are from 8 | Dolly was successfully cloned after Bd Many people believe the money for the Chinese panda cloning project: should instead be spent on ERY = Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Remember to check that your ‘completed notes form whole sentences, and are correctly speltPorn | Speaking B Photographs {a Look at the photographs below and compare the animals, people and setings in photographs 1 and 2 1b Describe the person and activity in photograph 3. ‘Useful words and phrases a primitive tribe a leopard cub the spoils of a hunt a source of food/clothing thatched huts (fo) bind (to) suspend/hang a laboratory a research scientist (to) perform/carry out an experiment aspects of psychology/behaviour (to) lead by the reins heavily laden a beast of burden firewood Judging from his/her clothing, Td say he/she was As far as Tcan see from the landscape/background, the photo was probably taken in © What different aspects of relationships between man and animals are illustrated by the three photographs? Discussion points Work with a parner and discuss the following questions What are the most common examples of relationships between man and animals in: © wribal cultures? © agricultural societies? urban, echnologically-advanced societies? Choose from the following categories and give examples. Animals are: ¢ a source of food ¢ a source of sport or entertainment @ beasts of burden or a means of transport. © used in testing. ‘# a source of company and comfort. ¢ a source of clothing. ‘¢ a source of income. areaCommunicative activities 1 Discussing pros and cons Brainstorm points in favour of and against each of the following topics. ‘Make notes of your ideas. © keeping animals in 2003 ‘© farming animals for fur © using animals in circus acts ‘ hunting non-threatened species (e.g. hares, pheasants, deer, etc.) for sport b Develop the notes into short argument, using the following example asa guide. | Keeping animals in 200s + . preserves otherwise threatened is cruel because animals” Species, such as the panda freedom is restricted | is educational because people takes animals away from their | can learn about animals they natural habitat would never see elsewhere many 100 animals were born in captivity, so have never known their natural habitat and thas do not suffer On the whole, I'm in favour of keeping animals in zoos. One benefit is that it preserves otherwise threatened species, such as the panda, What's more, zoos are educational because people can learn about animals they would never see elsewhere. On the other hand, zoos ‘are cruel because the animals’ freedom is restricted. Another argument against zoos és that they take many animals avoay from their natural habitat but, as many 00 artimals were born in captivity, they do not suffer as they have never known their natural habitat. ‘Useful phrases On the whole, I'm in favour of/not in favour of ... ‘One benefit/drawback is that ... 2 Selecting Which of the following practices concems you most, and which concems you least? Give reasons for your choices factory farming ‘© cruelty to domestic pets ‘© using animals for laboratory experiments. @ hunting animals for food «© poaching threatened species «putting animals to work «© using animals as fashion accessories ‘© cloning animalsListening A Think about the topic Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 1 How important is a good education in young people's lives? 2 What constitutes a good education? 3 What problems and difficulties do young people face in society nowadays? Before you listen \Wiite the words in the box in the correct category A-levels articulate coherent creativity degree form teacher GCSEs intellect knowledge lecturer literacy professor pupils undergraduates ‘Attributes of educated people Qualifications Staff and students _ nouns adjectives at schoo! Listening 1 at university a & You will hear a radio debate on education. The first time you listen, tick (/) which speakers ‘mention which topics (1-6) Topics bhi 5 1 the aims of education 2 creativity and originality 3 the curriculum 4 discipline in schools 5 exams and qualifications 6 literacy oo0o0000 b OD Listen a second time and decide which of the topics above causes most concern to each speaker. Choose only one topic per speaker. 7 Anne 8 Quentin 9 Phil 000000€ [ED Listen a third time. For questions 10—14, ‘choose the alternative (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear. (Often in multiple-choice questions an incorrect response contains words that you hear on the cassette. ‘Do not choose an answer just because you hear and see the same words. ‘© Choose the response which has the same meaning as what you hear on the cassette, 10 Anne is currently A a secondary schoo! teacher. B student. € a lecturer. D none of the above. 11 Anne believes that the old concept of a well-educated person A encompassed personal qualities as well as knowledge. B deserved to be changed because it was elitist. € has been replaced by a better concept. D led to people becoming overeducated Listening 2 maar 3 12 Quentin believes that the current education system A pleases examiners. B tests intellect and knowledge. © prepares young people for the challenges of the future. D scunts creativity and original thinking. 13 Phil believes that A literacy is more important than creativity. B many creative people are unable to express themselves articulately. € being well-educated encompasses creativity, originality and literacy. D standards at universities are higher than they used to be. 14 During the discussion ‘A none of the speakers agree about anything, B all of the speakers are in basic agreement. € none of the speakers listens to the others’ opinions. D each speaker agrees with at least part of another speaker's argument. OD You will hear 2 conversation between two women, Elaine and Jane. They are discussing the school that Jane's daughter, Patricia, goes to. For questions 1-10, decide which statements are true and which are false. Wee T if you think the statement is true and F i you think it is false, El the sehoot Patri attends uses an assessment technique that is ao used in business [i t1e pupils discuss their strengths and weaknesses with the teacher of each subject. [Ey the personal review scheme encourages the pupils to think about their own performance. During consultations, the teacher sets goals for each pupil. Pupils aged thirteen and over are asked to think about possible future careers. [Bl Neither jane nor Blaine was given career guidance at school [Ei tre personal review scheme has ereated a good atmosphere and led to academic success. [At Patricia's school, they study yoga instead of doing sports. Both women have negative memories of aspecs of spor at choo Jane thinks her school had an old-fashioned attitude. BodsooodoR b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answersree Speaking A Photographs Look at the photographs below and say what theme connects all three 3 What ae the main areas of contrast between the photographs? © Describe the people and the settings in each ofthe photographs Useful words and phrases a traditional classroom arranged in rows firmly in control_a rather passive role a blazer uniforms somewhat unruly enthusiastic and absorbed (to) capture someone's attention (to) do group work a science lab learning by doing {to) perform an experiment protective glasses formal/relaxed Discussion points Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 1 Which photograph is closest to the situation at your school/the school you attended when you were younger? In what way does it resemble your own experience? 2 What do you think education should aim to do? e.g. ‘© prepare students to pass exams ® teach students ‘life skills’ ‘© enable students to get jobs help students to develop their mind and characterCommunicative activities 1 Ranking Look atthe list of qualities below. Choose what you consider to be the three most important qualities in a teacher. Explain the reasons for your choice, giving examples from your ov experience. Desirable qualities in a teacher « excellent qualifications ‘* many years of experience the ability to maintain discipline in the classroom the ability to motivate students a thorough knowledge of the subject he/she teaches the ability to make the subject interesting ill being young enough to remember what it is like to be a pupil . 2 Discussion enthusiasm for the job Exams do nothing but test a candidate's ability to please the ‘examiner ~ intelleet and knowledge have nothing to do with the process. Exam results are the best indicator wwe have of a student's knowledge and intellect. {@ Comment on the ideas expressed in each statement. 'b What is your reaction to each statement? € Discuss what alternative methods are available for assessing a student's knowledge and intellect. Useful wordls and phrases continuous assessment personal review schemes 10 tests exam pressure ‘an objective/subjective appraisal (to) perform well/badly under exam conditions completely/partially agree/don’t agree at all with ... because ... L would say this statement is rather simplistie/too extreme/absolutely true. For example, A number of other methods could be used, such as ... ‘The advantage of this method is that ... However, one drawback of this method is ... 3 Simulation Ifyou were the Education Minister of your country, what changes would you make to the education system? Useful phrases ‘The first thing I would do is 0. I think this isa priority because . "| in activities tke this, you are asked to talk ioe ay about a hypothetical situation, Remember to f Pea ee tes "| use second conditional forms and appropriate ey Ss er eae "| modal verbs (would/mighticould. By introducing/abolishing/changing ..., I could ...Poe Before you listen Match the words (1-6 and a-f) to make common word combinations. Use a dictionary to check the meanings if necessary. 1 illicit a abuse 2 municipal —b council 3. peer © drugs 4 tole election 5 substance group 6 town £ model Listening 1 a OD You will hear an interview between a researcher doing a public opinion survey and three passers-by. The researcher is interested in their opinions about giving the vote to 16- and 7-year-olds in local elections. Look at the arguments for and against this idea, which are listed below. For questions 1-9, put a tick (/) beside the arguments which are mentioned. or IE 20cat matters concern young people Young peopl wil develop more interest in polis i they are allowed to pardapate in decsons Xl #reryone snout begin to think about pots as eal as possible Poles concerns young people's fre Eh Young peopte are wellinformed bythe media abou polis Against Young people are (oo easily influenced by friends or parents. Pols is primary an adult concern Ics not right to give people the vote but prevent them from standing for election themselves. [Bd Many young peop are not mature enough wo vate on poe! mates 1b Now fsten again and check, complete of amend your answers, Listening 2 2 OD You wil hear part ofa lecture about substance abuse among high school students in ‘America. For questions 1~8, complete the notes with a number, a date of a short phrase. ‘Sometimes you will hear a lot of information in a very short passage. ‘© Don't panic if you don't catch all the answers at the first listening ‘* Write down the answers you're sure of immediately. + During the second listening, focus your attention on getting answers to the questions you've lft blank. Bobo ooo oebtttttttttitts Substance abuse among American high school students Age range of student given in example: MM Percentage who have tried © alcoho) MM) g mariana RT + tobacco ME) ecotacy Number of yeare the prevention programme hae been runing: Mal Years dutng which ice drug use rose: from MM | coe | bese] b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 3 @ OH The lecture you heard in Listening 2 continues. During this extract, the speaker uses the term ATOD to refer collectively to alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. For questions 19, decide which statements are true and which are false. Write T if you think the statement is true and F if you think itis false Most teenagers believe that ATOD use is more widespread among their fellow students than it realy is ‘Teenagers find it more dificult to talk to other people when they reach puberty. Pop or movie stars might influence students’ attitudes to drugs. Understanding the effets ofa drug has lie influence on a student's decison o use it Frightening realife stories about people who have abused ATOD cause students to think twice before taking a drug or drinking alcohol it you have a positive view of if, you are ess ily to experiment with ATOD, Some young people drink or take drugs because they do not want to spoil a friendship with someone who is doing the same. [Bi] Discussions on the prevention of ATOD abuse work best in large, impersonal groups. In general, the most important factor that influences teenagers to use ATOD or not is the attitude and behaviour of their peers. es ny Remember that often the last question in true-false or multiple-choice tasks tests ing of the passage as a whole. b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers bod eel bt sel3 Ee Speaking B Photographs @ Look at the photographs below and describe the people, settings and activities shown in each one. 1b Apart from the fat that they al show young people, what do the photographs have in common? Useful words and phrases (to) display a machine guna quasi-military cap ammunition packing cases, tipsy dressed for a night on the town a cigarette machine ((0) clutch (0) heave breeze blocks straining with effort ragged clothes battered plimsolls caked in plaster and grime adolescent underage prohibited illegal restricted All the photos portray activities which If I'm not mistaken, all the activities shown are Discussion points Work with a partner and discuss the folowing questions 1. Which of the activities shown in the photographs is probibited to minors in your country? 2 Which, if any, should be made illegal if itis not already? Why? 3. At what age in your country are you: © allowed to marry without parental consent? _@ allowed to have a credit card? «© allowed to drive a car? « allowed to work? © eligible for military service’ © cligible to vote? 4 For the activities in question 3, would you raise or lower the age limit, or keep it the same? Explain the reasons for your choices.Passages Read the passages and then complete the sentences below each question. 1 In terms of content, what do both passages have in common? Both passages deal with the role of ... in the life of .. 2 In terms of content, what is different about the passages? ‘The first passage discusses the way that... In contrast, the second looks at the topic from the point of view of ... 3 In terms of style, what is different about the passages? I would say the first is fairly ... For example, it uses personal pronouns and direct speeeb. The second seems to be more ... A number of passive verb forms are used, such as ... and the vocabulary is quite complex. For example the word ‘countless’ is used instead of .. 4 In terms of whom each passage is by and for, how do they differ? that the first passage was spoken or written by ... and is aimed at ..., as ‘However, the second one may have been written by ... and is intended to be read by ..., as can be seen from the last sentence where ‘The point is not that teenagers refrain from doing things they want to do because those things are against the Taw; it is that the laws may prevent them wanting to do those ings quite so carly in adolescer Jen your teenag gilt doe Wt to i nich the rest of his cor Mast legal restrictions are based on the concept that an arbitrary can be set separate ‘adults? from ‘avers. The init Cmes vet frem a clade of 2 addlescents’ capacities but rather from arcent standards of who is large ercugh to carry arwor into war. Yet this age is used to determine who can legally sign binching contracts, marry without parental consent, and give medical consent, aworg caurtless other restrictins. In fact, several researchers suggest that people aged. 4 ard over are generally as competent as these 18 and over in making decisions. Therefore, we ask that states both reduce the age that differentiates between the ‘two types of citizens anc werk to smccth the transition to legal adulthood. Discussion point Work with a partner and discuss the following question. ‘Do you believe that laws protect young people, e.g. from substance abuse, traffic accidents, getting married too young, or do they merely restrict their freedom?Work and play Think about the topic Work with a partner and discuss the following questions 1 How much time do you spend at work or in school and studying at home, compared with time spent on leisure activities? and leisure? Before you listen Match the words (1-5) with the correct definitions (a~e). 1 job security 2 liaison 3 nine to five 4 promotion prospects 5 status Listening 1 2. How do you think you could create a better division of time between work or study, the importance of a job or position in a company low risk of losing your job ‘an exchange of information between people who work together the opportunities for getting a more important job: regular and normal working hours a OD You will hear a radio programme on new working patterns. For questions 1-5, choose the alternative (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear. 1 Job-sharing has not proved very popular so far because A some people are ashamed to admit that they do not work full time. B it offers no job security. you lose status if you share a job. D it is badly-paid. 2 When John approached his boss about job-sharing, his boss A. said he should work longer rather than shorter hours. B thought fohn was lazy. C was impressed that John wanted to study in his spare time. D thought job-sharing would benefit the company. 3. When Gaye approached her boss about job-sharing, he A. agreed that something had to change. B wished he had thought of it firs C was immediately enthusiastic about the idea. D thought it would make her more contented and efficient = 4 John A. resents not being paid for their liaison period. B thinks a lot of working time is wasted when you job-share, thinks job-sharing has made him more disciplined, D is embarrassed when he has to tell Gaye he has not finished a task 5. Gaye thinks A. job-sharing has caused her psychological problems. B she and John have confidence in each other € John and she have very different ideas about how to deal with clients. D she and John always make the same decisions. b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers,Listening 2 4 EX You wil hear an architec describing his inital plans for a revolutionary new office bulding to the cients who commissioned him to design it For questions 1 and 2, choose which drawing corresponds tothe architeets description, Seis jum ventilation (cross-section) Tne: 2 aQ cO co For questions 3—11, write the name of each area on the plan. If an area is not ‘mentioned, leave it blank. Ground floor plan 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers.i 4 Svs Speaking A Photographs Look at the photographs below and compare photographs 1 and 3 Describe the scene in photograph 2 2 © What diferent aspects of work are ilustrated? Useful words and phrases old-fashioned equipment bulging files and folders chaotic disorganised clerical work a high-rise office block reflections silhouetted against the light (to) do overtime/work late (to) participate in a video-con! state-of-the-art technology a laptop computer a client/business contact (to) do business with global trade @ Read the following questions which relate to the world of work. 1, What improvements has technology brought to working life? 2 Are there any drawbacks to working life being more automated than before? 3 Why do people do overtime? yampanies A D Look at the following lst of points which relate to the three questions in a, Decide which {question each point relates to. Intemational communication is faster and easier. It might be a means of appearing keen and People are under pressure to deal with problems impressing the boss. or questions more rapidly. It can make work more complicated for people Information can be more efficiently stored and who are not technically-minded. retrieved. ‘They may be workaholics. Pethaps they have a deadline to meet. Jobs have been lost because many tasks are now It is possible to work from home. performed by computers or robots. © Give full answers to the questions in a. You may use ideas from b and ideas of your own. Communicative activities 1 Ranking Look atthe list of considerations below. Decide what you think are the two most important ' when choosing a job, and the two least important. Explain the reasons for your choice. ' © g00d salary ‘© good pension scheme « status « fringe benefits, eg. company ear «© job security « ‘lexible working arrangements «job satisfaction « pleasant working environment | ‘© good promotion prospects 2 Discussion ' ‘We work to live, we don’t live to work. \ Comment on the ideas expressed in this statement. Explain the first half in your own words. What contrast is expressed in the second half? b Do you know any people who ‘ive to work? Why do you think they behave this way? Is. this a trait to be admired or condemned? | All the interview materials are there to stimulate || © there are no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ answers. «© you will not lose marks in the exam if you have unusual opinions or unconventional ideas. | So go ahead and say what you want to say ~ || the important thing is to communicate! € In your country, do people generally ‘work to live’ or live to work’? | 3 Simulation Imagine that you are a journalist who has been asked to write two articles for a newspaper on people ‘who have unusual jobs. Which of the following people would you choose to interview and why? # a police officer who works undercover in the © a forensic scientist rugs squad * a professional dog-breeder «¢ an anthropologist who lives with a primitive tribe q picture restorer © a cinema stunt man worker for an intemational charity © aTTV reporter who specialises in tracing missing peonie IECe Before you listen Write the words in the box in the correct category. a Jaded appetite _blasé dice with death in seventh heaven it went down well mope around. passionate about scared out of your wits time on your hands turn your nose up at your heart in your mouth Listening 1 a 0 You will hear a man and his daughter having a conversation. They are discussing her children, Timothy and Rebecca. For questions 1~8, write either SARAH, FATHER, BOTH or NEITHER in each box In this type of exercise, your task isto distinguish who said what. Remember that: ‘* you are unlikely to hear the same words on the cassette as appear in the questions. ‘© you should listen for opinions which match the emotions, attitudes or beliefs stated in the questions. ‘you should listen out for expressions of agreement or disagreement (though you will probably not hear the actual words / agree or / disagree) so that you are aware ‘of each speakers reactions to what the other one says. Which speaker: IE sinus imoshy spends too mach ime inthe house? [By woutd rather play sports than watch them? [Bh] approves of Rebecca's leisure activities? [By] sovs Timothy does not get enough exercise? thinks there is too much emphasis on competition in sports? | 5 | [Bd wuts te rimoiy o be more compete? is impressed [Ei tints Timotny an his granite have il in common? ‘Timothy's computer skills? Bb Now listen agin and check, complete or amend your answers =Listening 2 @ OD You will hear an interview with the author of a new book on leisure time and activities, For questions 1~10, decide which statements are true and which are false. Write T if you think the statement is true and F if you think it is false. BD 0s evo one shuld De ora whe so may less opportunles were on offer. Her children’s enthusiasm for school holidays was short-lived. Her fiend used to enjoy expensive leisure activities Her uncle enjoyed the freedom of retirement. ‘The main reason people get bored is that they cannot afford to pay for home entertainment technology. Bash seins of he book conan smiar tps of infomation BEd tee author thins thro na ink borween you upbringing and you ably to keep yourel entrained ‘The interviewer suggests the author is old-fashioned. [Bh te book is more successful than the author had anticipated. In general, the author is critical of all forms of ready-made entertainment. 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 3 {a OX You will hear a radio programme on holidays. For questions 1~6, choose the alterative (A,B, Cor D) which best fits according to what you hear. goo Be poo 1 Seaside holidays are A no longer fashionable. B available in exotic locations. € cheaper than ever before. D popular with people who like sleeping on beaches 2 The latest holiday trend is A to stay at home and Tearn something new. B to indulge in dangerous activi € to g0 on activity holidays abroad. D to take several short breaks. 3 Lake Geneva A appeals mainly to elderly holidaymakers. B iis famous for its elegant hotel, € is not an obvious choice for an activity holiday, D is located in wild countryside. 4. The reporter began to regret his decision to try canyoning because A he had to wear a wetsuit B the sport was not challenging enough. he was cold and frightened. D he forgot to hold onto the rope. 5 At the end of the day, the reporter A realised the sport was easier than he had first thought, B felt miserable and uncomfortable. C was surprised to have survived the experience. D felt happy and excited. 6 Overall, the programme aims to ‘A comment on holiday trends B inform and amuse the listeners. € tell the listeners where to take theit holidays, D make the listeners laugh at other people's holiday adventures. 1b Now lsten again and check complete or amend your answers,Cee Speaking B Photographs Look at the photographs below and say in what way each one relates to the theme of leisure b Compare the people and activities shown in photographs 1 and 2. © Describe the seting, people and activity shown in photograph 3. 1 Useful words and phrases a preschool child (to) be engaged in a creative/artistic activity cutting and pasting helmets ‘rendily-dressed welF-ktted out for (an activity) a sightseeing tour a historical/archacological site a temple (to) file past (to) look round/be shown round, I can’t make out exactly what they're doing, but it might be . I don’t know the name of this sport in English, but it's similar to .. Discussion points ‘Work with a partner and discuss the following questions, 1. How typical are the leisure activities portrayed in each photograph for the age groups of the various people? 2. How essential is it to have money in order to enjoy yourself © when you are very young? © when you are a teenager or young adult? ‘© when you have retired? 3. To what extent has technology changed the way we spend our leisure time? 4 Are you keen on sports? If so, what percentage of your leisure time do you spend actually participating in sports as opposed to watching them, cither live or on TV?Passages 4 The following expressions are useful when commenting on passages. Decide if each expression relates to: 1 what a passage is about. 2 the style of a passage 3 the possible source of a passage. Useful expressions Tt might well be from ... Itdeals with ... ‘Te must be a written/spoken passage because .. It probably comes from ... ‘The style is fairly .. Teappears to be about ... Its rather ... in style, 1 would imagine this is an extract from ... ‘The use of lots of ... makes it seem rather ‘The speaker/writer mentions .. It could be ether a written or a spoken passage 'b Using suitable expressions from the box in a, comment on the content, style and possible source of each of these passages. || Our superb eighteenth-century mansion is situated deep in the || Scottish countryside and boasts a first-class chef and a highly-trained || business associates to share a luxury weekend with you. Swim, play tennis | or golf all day or try local sports like deerhunting or grouse-shooting (in season). Or if you prefer, you can simply relax and indulge in a culinary extravaganza with your friends. Jumanji was never one of || Robin Williams's big hits. An ambitious fantasy in which packs of jungle animals wander out of a board game and invade a New Hampshire town, it is mildly digital amusing as a home video but scarcely a must-see title. In the new world of entertainment, however, Jumanji The sparkling wide-screen picture and mind-boggling When ‘ the Maasai dance for iemselves, they huddle together, _ When they dance for the eae they line up like an aerobics class. ‘They _jump up and down and chant a bit, then lay out some beadwork for sale. |_| After half an hour, the tourists get back i in the bus and move on to see the lions, |The tourists get a parody of a culture they don’t even want to understand, The locals, if they are lucky, get a handful of loose change, six-channel surround audio that comes with the digital version make you want to close the curtains and break out the popcorn for the cinema in your living room.PCr maT Think about the topic Work with a partner and discuss the folowing questions 1 Do young people nowadays have a healthy lifestyle? 2. What steps ean people take to improve their heath? 3. What advances in modern medical science interest or impress you most? Before you listen [Match the words (1-7) withthe correct defritons (@-g) 1 to consult a doctor who is trained in general medicine and treats people in a 2 aconsultant particular area or town 3 a general practitioner (GP) b_ medical treatment which involves cutting the body open 4 an operating theatre the room in a hospital where operations are performed 5 wo prescibe 4. a senior hospital doctor who specialises in one area of medicine 6 surgery (uncountable) € to ask a doctor for information or advice 7: aceangey (oouitab le) to tell a patent, usually in writing, what treatment or medicine to have 9 « place where a doctor or dentist examines or tents patients Listening 1 {@ Work with a partner and answer the following questions. 1. How long do you spend with your doctor when you go for a consultation? 2 Do you think doctors spend enough time with patients during a consultation? 3 Read the statement below. Can you tell what the speaker's attitude would be from words alone? Why?/Why not? iute consultation per patient is the norm. b The sentences (1-5) below could all be added to the statement in a 3. Match each sentence (1-5) with the adjective (ae) that describes what the sentence expresses, 1 So you needn't worry, Mrs Smith, you haven't taken up too much of my time. 2 Good Lord! I average six mi 3 You wouldn't catch me spending that long discussing old Mr Taggart’s diabetes with him 1es per patient Here in Britain, however, we average only s Now that’s what we should be doing too! minutes per patient. aoe neutral 4 scornful reassuring e_astonished ‘* Sometimes questions in the listening paper itis test your ability to recognise a speaker's ae st attitude from his/her intonation. € OH You will hear the statement recorded five times, each time with a different intonation. For each sentence, choose an adjective (ae) from b to describe the intonation, A twenty-minute consultation per patient is the norm, Sentence 1 Sentence 3 Sentence 2 Sentence =Listening 2 4 TX You will hear a conversation between a general practioner, who has just returned from an Intemational medical conference, and his wife. For questions 14, choose the altemative (A,B, Cor D) which best fits according to what you hear. 1 The GI reaction to typical German health 3 If British patient is not prescribed medicine by complaints his/her doctor, he/she feels A neutral. A worried. B very sympathetic. B furious. C slightly scornful. € reassured. D angry. D that he/she must be in need of surgery. 2 On the subject of rest cures, the GP is 4 Compared (o British patients, French patients want A enthusi A more medicines and longer consultations. B scornful B more medicines but shorter consultations. neutral. © fewer medicines and shorter consultations. D reassuring. D fewer medicines but longer consultations. b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 3 @ OD You will hear an interview with a consultant on the subject of obesity in children, For questions 1—7, complete the notes with one or two words or a short phrase. ‘© Sometimes in note-taking tasks, you will need to rephrase what you hear on the cassette in order to create a grammatically accurate sentence. For example: You hear: There's been a lot of media coverage of eating disorders. You write: Eating disorders ae frequently You hear: A lot of children are obese. You write: Many children suffer from [FE obesity Pitihitititiite Obesity in children In ten yearo, the numberof fet: childcen in France and Greece has | Problems faced by obese youngster: A « avechool clasomates | « a6 teenagers, the opposite sex KE ill probably By Causes of the problem: + poor aepenetd ee © «the time spent per day in vigorous activity is often lees than MM) = © overweight seven-year-olds Bb Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers.Health and medicine Speaking A Photographs @ Look at photographs 1 and 2 below and compare the people and the activities they are or have been doing, b Describe photograph 3. In what way does each photograph relate to the theme of health? Useful words and phrases atracksuit a brisk walk elderly glowing with health health-conscious invigorated a couch potato pasty-faced chubby discarded wrappings junk food sedentary listless (to) loll an array of vitamins minerals supplements (to) scrutinise a label Judging from ..., I would say that He/She/They seem(s) to be ..., but appearanees can be mislea The theme of health is illustrated here by On the other hand, this photo shows the health risks of .. Discussion points Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 1 What do you think is the most effective way of maintaining your health: a healthy diet? taking plenty of exercise? taking vitamins and tonics? © consulting your doctor regularly? ‘© other/a combination of some of the above? 2 Do you think th lifestyles, or is it ¢ recent trend in wearing ‘sporty’ clothes reflects a change in people's a fashion statement?Passages Read all three passages in ¢ below quickly. Each of them gives information about a similar topic. What is the topic? 'b Match the items from the three columns in the table below. They are not in the correct order. C Find examples of the types of language in the table in b in the three passages below, =i. as 2 7 As the evidence mounts that some industrially produced foods lack nutrients essential to human health and happiness, many people are tuming to diet supplements, and one of the most exotic is a form of blue-green algae that is being described as nature's most | complete food. There are hundreds of | types of blue-green algae, which was the | first form of life to appear on earth, and some are toxic. One, however, is edible by humans. It contains many vitamins and minerals and all eight of the | essential amino-acids that make up protein in easily assimilable form. ee a ed Deets ee es eee supplement you can trust. So i's reassuring to know thal Pregnacare has always contained the exact recommended level of 400 meg "| offic acid, ever since we launched i || nearly 10 years ago. Most important this folic acid is combined wit specific vitonins and minerals. which are also essential. for a health pregnancy. These include vitamin BI ‘and zinc, to help you safeguard your | requirements throughout pregnancy, | not just the first 12 weeks. | ews. There's no need to feel (quite) so guilty can reduce the risk of heart disease and about those post-pub chip'n’burger could well prevent blindness and various binges. Research shows junk food can be forms of cancer, too. While a fresh good for you ~ so long as it’s smothered tomato contains relatively low levels of ina liberal helping of tomato ketchup. I’s____Iycopene, processed tomato products all down to lycopene, a naturally- including tomato ketchup and pasta occurring chemical found in tomatoes that __sauces are chock-full of it. Get squeezing!Greeucmu eu is eee ereeeetieeetey Before you listen Choose the words from the box to replace the words in ifs in the following sentences. 1. The nurse accidentally gave the patient such a high 6 Many diseases have been got rid of thanks to dose that it proved to be the cause of his death. injections of a small quantity of the bacteria or 2 Towards the end of her life, the drugs no longer virus that cause them. reduced the intensity of her pain. 7 The disease this patient is suffering from is going 3. She is suffering from paralysis of her arms and to get worse over time. ' her legs. 8 AIDS is a disease which attacks your body's ' 4. He was rushed to the hospital because his hand processes which protect you against infection. hhad been completely cut off 9 The pills she took for her allergy had some extra 5 Student nurses are not allowed to take blood results which she didn’t want, such as making, samples from patients until they have enough her feel sleepy. skill in using their hands. administered alleviated degenerative dexterity eradicated immune system Listening 1 a OH You wil hear a news item about microsurgery For questions 1-10, complete the sentences with 2 Remember to: number, one oF two words, or a short phrase «read the questions carefully before you lsten. © anticipate what kind of information you need. settttttttttts Microsurgery The first succeseful eae operation to reconstruct a hand was performed on a A microsurgeon needs to develop great: manual Ml pee ‘As operations of this type are very long, a microsurgeon also needs Benin ie Full or restricted use of their restored body part le regained by all but I per cont of pation ‘The donor of the world's iret transplanted hand came from Mall Alltranoplants carry a rok of Ml ames but additional rieks in a hand treneplant are Md) on) After any tranoplant, druge are administered to Md The side effecte of these drugs include potential RE - LPL eS z 1b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answersListening 2 @ OD You will hear a conversation between two women, They are discussing a television programme on surrogate mothers. For questions 1-8, write YES next to those views which are expressed by either of the speakers, and NO next to those which are not expressed by them, Agencies that charge money for finding surrogate mothers should be made illegal. By tis ottensive to offer someone money for having a baby. [Eh tre woman who became a surrogate mother for her friend acted out of motives other than kindness. By using a friend as a surrogate, women may face more problems after the birth than if they use a stranger. [Ey surrogate mothers should look after their health when they are pregnant. [By women are exploited by being paid money to have babies. [Ei] Doctors who detiver babies should not be paid pee bE EX chiteren born through surrogacy agreements are wanted ¢ 1B Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 3 @ © You will hear a doctor talking about euthanasia. For questions 1~6, choose the alternative (A.B, Co D) which best fits according to what you hear. ® 1 The term ‘voluntary euthanasia’ A has been made up by the media. B refers to a licence that will permit doctors to assist a patient to die. € refers to who makes the decision to bring about death. D is synonymous with the term ‘active euthanasia’. 2 The difference between active euthanasia and assisted suicide lies in A the fact that one is legal and the other is not. B whether itis a doctor or a nurse that is involved. € the method by which death is brought about D who actually carries out the act that causes death. 3A doctor who disconnects a dying patient from a life support machine A is performing passive euthanasia B risks prosecution. € need not get permission from a patient or his/her family. D prolongs the dying process, 4 By giving very high doses of painkillers, doctor A. is acting against the law. B is behaving unethically. € may speed up the dying process, D gets practical results. 5 The main benefit of legalising voluntary euthanasia would be A more doctors would help terminally ill patients to die, B fewer doctors would risk prosecution, cuthanasia would not have to be earried out secretly. D the risk of a patient being helped to die against his/her wishes would be reduced. 6 Doctors who do, or would, perform euthanasia feel that A all terminallyill patients suffer unbearable pain. B pain relief is inadequate in terminal illness. itis humane to help a terminallyill patient to die if he/she wants to. D if a person's body is destroyed by disease, his/her life is not worth living 1b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers.Speaking B Photographs Look at the photographs below and describe or compare: © the people. ® the situations. b b What theme links the photographs? Useful words and phrases cosmetic/plastic surgery a nose job (to) have reconstructed panels of instruments ((0) be hooked up to a heart monitor (to) prolong. (to) monitor (to) diagnose anewborn child a surrogate mother (to) hand over a client (co) improve upon nature (to) overcome problems the advances of modem medicine Discussion points Work with a pariner and discuss the following questions 1 Do any of the practices shown in the above photographs offend you or seem immoral to you? Why?/Why not? 2 If good friend of yours was contemplating trying any of the following, would you advise him or her against it? Explain your reasons © cosmetic surgery © using a surrogate mother transplant of a limb Useful phrases T'm strongly opposed to ... (On moral/religious grounds, 'm not in favour of [find the idea of ... extremely/rather distasteful I see no harm in ... T wouldn't try ... personally, but everyone should be free to make his/her own decision, It’s hard to say, but I imagine I would advise him/her ...Communicative activities 1 ‘Things were better in the old days. Discussion ‘We've never had it so good. ‘Comment on the ideas expressed in the above statements with reference to the table below. 2 Discussion The sentences below are arguments either in favour of or against legalising voluntary euthanasia for the terminally il. Mark each sentence F (for) or A (against) 1) When a terminally:ll patient is suffering unbearably, it is more compassionate to agree to the request for a quick end. 2 People live longer nowadays, but many suffer from degenerative diseases in their old age. ‘This means they have a slow, drawn-out dying process, 3 Relatives might put emotional or psychological pressure on depressed or financially-dependent people to accept euthanasia. 4 Ie would be better to have striet guidelines for voluntary euthanasia, instead of having it going on secretly in situations where it is impossible to know if it really was the patient's own decision, 5 If pain and depression are adequately treated in a dying person, the desire to commit suicide disappears. 6 This would be just the tip of the iceberg ~ the next step would be legalising non- voluntary cuthanasia, 7 Relatives usually encourage patients to struggle on, so psychological pressure to accept euthanasia is unlikely. 8 Its virtually impossible to legally define the term ‘terminally ill some people diagnosed as such do not die for years. 'b What are your views on voluntary euthanasia? You may quote relevant ideas from a to support your opinion, and add ideas of your own. ‘One of the six areas you are assessed on in the exam is vocabulary (see Exam Factfile, p.2). It is a good idea to keep a separate notebook to help you record useful vocabulary. You can organise it: '* by topic (eg, health, medicine, education, leisure, etc). ‘© alphabetically (buy an address book instead of a notebook to help you do this). '* by types of words and phrases (eg adjectives to describe people, phrasal verbs, idioms, etc). Try it and see which method works best for you!UNIT ae as Think about the topic Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 1 Do you regard shopping as a chore or a pleasure? 2 What kind of goods do you enjoy buying? Why? 3 How casily influenced are you by advertising? basic necessities brand chains Before you listen ‘economies of scale groceries ‘Complete the following text, using the words in the box. a Supermarket (1) . have such a high turnover of goods that the allow them to offer theit (3) ..assmnienenmmnnnenrenee at @ prices below that of smaller (4) .1cu:euennennenneneennene «I many cases, they also sell (peer ecca ,, such as (6) . and household goods, under their own (7) Listening 1 a OH You will hear a radio programme about British supermarket chains becoming Internet Service Providers (SPS). For questions 18, complete the notes with one or two words, or a short phrase PEE TET tee hy Supermarkets and the Internet Disadvantages of being an ISP: «the business io MM) # Weis not cacy co Benefits to customers of using a supermarkets Internet service: I * they will be able to visit: the Web store without having to spend time choosing «hey wil be dealing with company which chey aeady ME Benefite to the supermarket of being an ISP: for supermarkets + custotnere willbe regularly expoced to the supermarter'o Md | «the service can be used to inform customers about MM and = Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers,Listening 2 ‘a 0 You will hear an appeal from a charity. For questions 1~7, decide which statements ae true and which are false, Write T if you think the statement is true and F if you think it is false. Benedicto feels bitter about having to work [By Benedicto spends his earnings in the plantation shop. BEd aes chtden in Benicio’ family tend school Plantation owners employ children because they are willing and docile workers. 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 3 iupermarkets are uninterested in improving pay and conditions for food producers. When fair trade principles are applied, the need for child labour declines. The information pack gives suggestions on how to raise money for exploited workers. OH You will hear an interview with a compulsive shopper. For questions 16, choose the altemative (A,B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear. In the exam, you are given more time to read the multiple-choice questions before you listen for the first time than with other types of listening task. ‘© Use this extra time to read the questions and all the possible responses carefully. 1 Compulsive shoppers A suffer more than other people from anxiety and depression, B use shopping as a way of altering their ‘mood. € are usually disappointed later with the ‘goods they have bought. D usually buy exclusive goods for themselves. 2. An addiction to shopping A is very common in women. B can afflict both men and women. © affects a high percentage of the British population, D is largely imaginary. 3. Compulsive shoppers 6 A harm nobody but themselves. B frequently have a lot of eredit cards, value money more than personal relationships. D may be unscrupulous about whose money they use, Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers, 4 When he first found out how much Shelley had spent, her husband A was furious. B was shocked. € suggested that she needed professional help. D asked for a divorce. Shelley's counselling A showed her that society was to blame for her compulsion. B gave her self-confidence. € covered psychological and practical D gave her the chance to talk about her problems, sues, In general, Shelley A scems to be ashamed of her compulsion. B feels she is completely cured. C is bitter and regretful about how she used to behave D has a positive and optimistic attitude omDoes Photographs Look atthe photographs below and compare the people and settings in photographs 1 and 2. b Describe the person and object in photograph 3, (© What aspect of the consumer society does each photograph represent? Useful words and phrases a market stall_a stallholder a pensioner (to) fulfil basic needs a pedestrian precinct (to) go on a shopping spree fashionably/trendily-dressed jaunty carefree cartier bags from designer shops shopping as a leisure activity (to) satisfy a desire/want sleek lines gleaming paintwork proprietorial smug ‘a status symbol (to) display/Mlaunt one’s wealth Before you speak You may be asked a yes/no question in the interview or an either/or question. '® Do not answer just Yes or No or merely ‘repeat one of the alternatives. ‘© Give reasons, examples or comments to support your opinion. For each of the following questions (13), there are the beginnings of two possible answers (a or b). Choose the answer in each pair which is better. Questions Possible answers 1 Do you prefer to shop in markets or Ja In supermarkets. supermarkets? bb It depends very much on what I'm buying. 21s ctronie shopping a good idea? 2a_As long as you have the means to benefit 1 shopper? from it. b I don’t think so, 3a Certainly not! b Quite the opposite, in fact. Amo 3. Are you a compuls'b Choose from the list below the reasons, examples or comments that follow on from the better ‘answers in a, There is one extra that you do not need to use. 1 For example, it could be of great help to elderly or disabled people, but they may be the very ones who can’t afford credit cards or an Internet account. 2 Supermarkets are quick and convenient for basic necessities, but rummaging around in ‘markets can be more fun. 3 [quite often bump into friends at the supermarket and I'd miss that if I did my weekly shop over the Internet instead. 4 [think you could call me a reluctant shopper — my friends have to drag me to the shops when my favourite clothes wear out, Discussion points ‘Work with a partner and discuss the following questions. 1, Do you usually shop to fulfil basie needs or to sat fy wants? 2. Is the emphasis in our society on consuming more and more goods a healthy one? 3 Do you think the following groups of people will benefit from electronic shopping? Why?/Why not? # teenagers # mothers with young children © workers with busy schedules # people on low incomes 4 Are there any stores that you would avoid, or products that you would refuse to buy? On what grounds? e.g, moral, political, personal. Passages Read each ofthe passages below and comment on ‘how it relates to the theme ofthe consumer society the syle of the extract. « its probable source. 1s ~ ——ae In developed _techno-industrial countries, the purchasing and ‘At home, we are the world's most docile shoppers. We don't haggle, we are forbidden to handle the merchandise, we consumption of goods has shifted from ‘queue and we always preface our requests | merely buying provisions to satisfy | with an apology. We take al this with us physical needs, towards using goods as when we go to America, and are unsettled fan expression of self-identity. Material by the discovery that in the United Seates, | goods are consumed not only for their sales staff hope and expect to sell. Unlike their British counterparts, American sales functional benefits, but also as symbolic seacier ili oetiauaavor ia signifiers of taste, lifestyle and identity. _and not to rest until you get it 3 Cocoa Butter Hand & Body Lotion has been one of our best selling products for the. last 15 years. Now we've made it even better: we've sourced our cocoa beans at a fair price from Kuapa Kokoo Ltd in Ghana, a company owned by the farmers ‘themselves. While this product leaves your skin moist and ah the farmers benefit from honest sustainable trade - we call this Community Trade.od Before you listen Choose words from the box to replace the words in alsin the following sentences Young people are very influenced by advertising. ~ — 3. Young people are very influ y advertising, It is amazing how many special symbols children 1 The exhibition stand was decorated in red, white ean recoimies frazn. different companion, and green ~ the company’s special colours. A My flat is full of things bought om the spur of the moment. T never plan to go shopping, but i 1 left-handed can opener won a design award oe thee iB = see something I like, I can’t resist it. for its practicality and usefulness Listening 1 a 0 You will hear part ofa lecture given to firstyear university students on a marketing course. For questions 10, tick (7) which gender each point refer to, I the point is not mentioned, tick the box marked Neither. Reasons possessions are valued: 1 emotional ao Qo Oo 2 functional o oO ba 3 relationship-oriented oO ET Oo 4 actvityrelated Oo oO o Buying considerations when making impulse purchases 5 quality o o Oo 6 utility Fe a a 7 enjoyment 8 mood Qo Oo Oo 9 personal identity [ah gO QO 10 beauty Oo ie! o 'b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. Listening 2 ‘a 0 The lecture you heard in Listening 1 continues, For questions 110, write YES next to those views which are expressed by the speaker, and NO next to those which are not expressed by her. El) Men and women’s product pretrenes ae reflected in advertisements Eh Woxre's magarnes never cary adverisemens fr cars. No igus exist onthe frequeny of adverisemens by product category a [El co are more intrested in the Took han they sed to be Advertsing sims to rete elif Z idee Bs Betas Wha) oad wg dig pede yu wil be io Airerticmn for men caphai bow wera anf lle the praca [Ei Men beteve tat the goods they buy say something about who the are nents reflect the fact that women frequently feel lonely. ens isements for male body-care products usually portray men and women together, b Now listen again and check, complete or amend your answers. =Remember that a view or opinion: ‘* may be implied rather than stated directly. || © will probably not be expressed in the same words as the question. Listening 3 @ 8D You will hear a radio programme about sponsorship in Formula 1 racing. For questions 1-8, decide which statements are true and which are false. Write T if you think the statement is true and F if you think it is false. [By i the past, Formula 1 cars did not carry advertising. [By Formuta 1 is totally dependent on sponsorship. ‘Tobacco companies sponsor Formula 1 because the sport appeals mainly to young, male smokers. After 1991, the MeLaren team became less successful than it had been. Sponsors expect to get value for money. Marlboro withdrew its sponsorship from MeLaren because the team asked for more money. Some sponsors suply yoods rater than money to tame Be poe ooo [Bi tn cencral, tne presenter seems to disapprove of tobacco companies sponsoring Formula 1. DB Now fist again and check, complete or amend your answers ‘Sometimes a listening passage may be on a topic about which you are welLinformed. ‘* Remember that the exam tests your listening skills not your general knowledge and opinions. ‘* Do not allow your own knowledge to interfere. Base your answers only on what you hear.SO eet ats Speaking B Photographs {a Look at the photographs below and say what theme links all three Ao 'b Compare the advertising methods shown in photographs 1 and 2. © Describe what you see in photograph 3. Useful words and phrases promotional methods a hot-air balloon a logo an end-otaiste display a special offer (Co) sell at a discount (to) boost sales advertising hoardings (to) promote a product/service (to) reach a wide audience {to} present an upmarket image (fo) raise a company's profile (to) raise/maintain public awareness of your brand Discussion points ‘Work with a partner and discuss the folowing questions Which of the promotional methods shown in the photographs would be most likely to influence you to buy a product or use a service? Which would be least likely to influence you? ‘Some of the biggest sponsors of sporting events are companies which produce aleohol or tobacco. Do you agree or disagree with this practice? Why?