I.

FOOD AND DRINKS

KINDS AND TYPES OF FOOD

1. bitter, adj /'bɪtə/ having a sharp, pungent taste or гірка
Unripe berries had an smell; not sweet
intensely bitter flavour.
2. bland, adj /blænd/ unseasoned, mild-tasting, or несмачна, проста
Her dinner tasted bland and insipid
insipid, like warmed
cardboard.
3. carve, v /kɑːv/ cut (cooked meat) into slices for нарізати (м’ясо, пиріг)
Andrew began to carve the eating
chicken and serve the slices to
guests.
4. convenience, adj frozen, dried, or canned food напівфабрикати (їжа
/kən'viːnɪən(t)s/ that can be heated and prepared швидкого
Today we tend to rely on fast- very quickly and easily приготування)
food and convenience food.
5. delicious, adj /dɪ'lɪʃəs/ = highly pleasant to the taste смачна, запашна,
yummy, adj (infm) /'jʌmɪ/ приємна
His granny has always had
delicious home-baked brown
bread.
6. done to a turn, adj cooked to exactly the right в міру приготована/
The turkey will be done to a degree ідеально приготована
turn in an hour.
7. fattening, adj /'fæt(ə)nɪŋ/ (of a food) causing an increase in їжа, що спричиняє
Some foods are more fattening the weight of someone who eats ожиріння
than others. it
8. fatty, adj /'fætɪ/ containing a large amount of fat жирна, масляниста їжа
Go easy on fatty foods!
9. (food or drink) is/ has gone food or drink which is not good зіпсована, зіпсувалась
off, v phr to eat or drink any more because
This bacon smells a bit funny – it is too old
do you think it's gone off?
10. high(ly)-seasoned, adj made rich in flavour, as by the гостра, з великою
Their barbecue sauce was addition of spices добавкою спецій
highly seasoned and contained
vinegar, spices, and chilli
pepper.
11. home-made, adj made at home, rather than in a їжа домашнього
She brought us home-made shop or factory вироблення
bread, pastry and mayonnaise.
12. insipid, adj /ɪn'sɪpɪd/ lacking flavour; weak or прісна, несмачна
The table was full of mugs of tasteless
insipid coffee; you can never
find good beverages at such
meetings.
13. junk, adj /ʤʌŋk/ pre-prepared or packaged food неповноцінна їжа (у
A research found that children that has low nutritional value закусочних)
no longer regard junk food as
a treat but as part of their
daily diet.
14. nutritious, adj /njuː'trɪʃəs/ = food that contains substances поживна
nourishing, adj /'nʌrɪʃɪŋ/ which help a body to be healthy
We were offered a simple but
nourishing meal that gave us
enough strength to continue
the journey.
15. overcooked, adj = overdone, cook too much or for too long переварена/
adj /ˌəʊvə'dʌn/ пересмажена
He sat there chewing his
overdone steak, which now
resembled a sole of a shoe.
16. preserve, n /prɪ'zɜːv/ a food made from fruit or варення; консервовані
He then opened a jar of cherry vegetables boiled with sugar and продукти
preserve, spooned some out, water until it becomes a firm
and put it in his mouth.
sauce
17. raw, adj /rɔː/ not cooked сира їжа
He used to have a raw egg
every morning.
18. salty, adj /'sɔːltɪ/ tasting of, containing, or солона
His culinary staple consisted preserved with salt
of fatty salty foods such as ham
and bacon.
19. savoury, adj /'seɪv(ə)rɪ/ belonging to the category which пряна, гостра, пікантна
Mexican cuisine is best known is salty or spicy rather than
for savoury dishes. sweet
20. seasoned (with), having had salt, pepper, herbs, or приправлена
adj /'siːz(ə)nd/ spices added
Toss the chicken in the
seasoned flour to coat it.
21. sour, adj /'saʊə/ having gone bad because of прокисла
Don’t drink that milk! It’s gone fermentation
sour!
22. spicy, adj /'spaɪsɪ/ = hot, adj flavoured with or fragrant with приправлена спеціями
/hɒt/ spice
This is a spicy tomato and
coriander sauce.
23. stale, adj /steɪl/ no longer fresh and pleasant to черства (хліб)
The bread was stale so he eat; hard, musty, or dry
decided to buy a fresh loaf.
24. stodgy, adj /'stɒʤɪ/ very solid and heavy food that важка їжа
He was disgusted with the makes you feel very full, and is
stodgy pizzas on sale in difficult to digest
London.
25. takeaway, adj (also n) hot cooked food that you buy їжа на винос
/'teɪkəweɪ/ from a shop or restaurant and eat
They had a Chinese takeaway somewhere else
for dinner.
26. tasteless, adj /'teɪstləs/ lacking flavour прісна, ніяка, без смаку
The fish she cooked was mushy
and tasteless.
27. tasty, adj /'teɪstɪ/ having a pleasant, distinct смачна
His Mom made us a tasty, flavour
healthy snack.
28. tinned, adj /tɪnd/ (BrE) = preserved or supplied in a sealed консервована їжа
canned, adj /kænd/ (AE) can (консерви)
Students donated fruit and
vegetables along with tinned
food to help those in need.
29. underdone, adj = insufficiently cooked недоварена/
undercooked, adj недосмажена
The second batch of bread
came out underdone; it looked
fine but was difficult to chew.
30. wholesome, adj /'həʊls(ə)m/ conducive to or suggestive of корисний, здоровий
The food in her house is good health and physical well-
 plentiful and very wholesome. being

HOW TO COOK FOOD

32. bake, v /beɪk/ cook (food) by dry heat without випікати, пекти
They bake their own bread and direct exposure to a flame,
cakes in this café. typically in an oven
33. beat, v /biːt/ to mix eggs, cream, or butter збивати (яйця)
Beat the eggs and sugar until thoroughly using a fork or beater
they start to thicken.
34. boil, v /bɔɪl/
1) Boil the potatoes until well 1) cook or be cooked by 1) варити
done. immersing in boiling water or
stock
2) The kettle boiled and he 2) heat or be heated until the 2) кип’ятити
filled the teapot. liquid inside starts to boil
36. braise, v /breɪz/ fry (food) lightly and then stew it
тушити щось,
I braised some beans to slowly in a closed container попередньо його
accompany a shoulder of lamb. обсмаживши
37. chop, v /ʧɒp/ cut (something) into pieces with рубати; кришити;
Chop the onions very finely. repeated sharp blows of an axe нарізати, шаткувати
or knife
38. crack, v /kræk/ break or cause to break open or розколювати
She cracked an egg into the apart
frying pan.
39. crush, v /krʌʃ/ press something very hard so давити, чавити
Peel the garlic and crush it that its shape is destroyed or so
with the pestle in the mortar. that it breaks into pieces
40. deep-fry, v /ˌdiːp'fraɪ/ fry (food) in an amount of fat or смажити у фритюрі
Heat the oil and deep-fry the oil sufficient to cover it
fish fillets. completely
41. dice, v /daɪs/ cut (food or other matter) into нарізати кубиками
Add the crushed garlic and small cubes
remaining diced vegetables.
42. dip, v /dɪp/ put something into the liquid for занурювати
They always dip the food into a short time, so that only part of
the sauce before they eat it. it is covered, and take it out
again
43. drain, v /dreɪn/ = strain, v remove the liquid that the food осушувати,
/streɪn/ has been in, especially after it проціджувати
Drain the pasta well, arrange has been cooked or soaked in
on four plates and pour over water
the sauce.
44. dress (salad), v to you cover a salad with a приправляти/
Scatter the tomato over, and mixture of oil, vinegar, and заправляти (салат
then dress the salad. herbs or flavourings олією і т.д.)
45. filling, n /'fɪlɪŋ/ an edible substance placed начинка
Spread some of the filling over between the layers of a
each cold pancake and then sandwich, cake, or other
either roll or fold.
foodstuff
46. grate, v /ɡreɪt/ to rub food over a metal tool терти на тертці
Grate 100 grams of cheese into called a grater so that it is cut
a mixing bowl. into very small pieces
47. grill, v (BrE) /ɡrɪl/ = broil, v cook food using very strong heat смажити на відкритому
(AE) /brɔɪl/ directly above or below it вогні; смажити на
Apart from peppers and рашпері
aubergines, many other
vegetables grill well.
48. grind, v /ɡraɪnd/ reduce (something) to small молоти, розмелювати,
 Grind some black pepper over particles or powder by crushing перемелювати
the salad. it
49. knead, v /niːd/ to press and squeeze dough or місити, замішувати
Lightly knead the mixture on a other food with your hands so (тісто)
floured surface. that it becomes smooth and
ready to cook
50. mash, v /mæʃ/ reduce (a food or other давити, розминати
Mash the banana with a fork substance) to a pulpy mass by (картоплю), чавити
before you give it to the baby. crushing it
mashed potatoes, v /ˌmæʃt a dish of potatoes that have been картопляне пюре
pə'teɪtəʊz/ boiled and mashed, typically
Mr. Jones thought about the prepared with milk and butter
remark until he finished
serving the roast beef and
mashed potatoes.
52. mince, v /mɪns/ cut up (food, especially meat) подрібнювати (м’ясо на
Perhaps I’ll buy a piece of into very small pieces, typically фарш)
meat and mince it myself to in a machine
make meatballs.
53. mix, v combine or put together to form змішувати
Mix the cinnamon with the rest one substance or mass
of the sugar.
54. peel, v /piːl/ remove the outer covering or знімати шкірочку,
Peel off the skins and thickly skin from (a fruit, vegetable, or шкурку; чистити
slice the potatoes. prawn) фрукти, овочі
55. pluck, v /plʌk/ pull the feathers from (a bird’s обскубувати
She looked concentrated as she carcass) to prepare it for
plucked a chicken. cooking
56. roast, v /rəʊst/ cook (food, especially meat) by запікати, смажити
She was going to roast a leg of prolonged exposure to heat in an
mutton for Sunday dinner. oven or over a fire
57. roll out, phr v flatten or spread (something) by качати, розкочувати
Roll out the dough on a using a roller or by passing it (тісто)
surface dusted with flour. between rollers
58. sauté, v /'səʊteɪ/ fry quickly in a little hot fat смажити на повільному
Sauté the onions in the olive вогні
oil.
59. scale, v /skeɪl/ remove scale or scales from знімати (луску); лущити
He scales the fish and removes (горох)
the innards.
60. scramble, v /'skræmbl/ cook (eggs) by beating them збовтувати
Make the toast and scramble with a little liquid and then
the eggs. cooking and stirring them gently
scrambled eggs, n a dish of eggs prepared by омлет
Mary always has a toast with beating them with a little liquid
either scrambled eggs or sunny and then cooking and stirring
side up eggs for breakfast.
gently
62. scrape, v /skreɪp/ drag or pull a hard or sharp чистити, шкребти
Remove the green tops from object across (a surface) so as to
the carrots and scrape them. remove dirt or other matter
63. season, v /'siːz(ə)n/ add salt, herbs, pepper, or other приправляти, надавати
Season the soup to taste with spices to (food) смаку, гостроти (їжі)
salt and pepper.
64. shell (nuts/ peas/ hard- remove the shell or pod from (a чистити
boiled eggs), v nut or seed)
They were shelling peas in the
kitchen.
65. shred, v /ʃred/ cut food or tear it into very різати, кромсати
 Finely shred the carrots, small, narrow pieces (шаткувати капусту)
cabbage and apples and add
everything into salad.
66. simmer, v /'sɪmə/ cook food by keeping it at кип’ятити на
Turn the heat down so the boiling point or just below повільному вогні
sauce simmers gently. boiling point
67. sift, v /sɪft/ = sieve, v /sɪv/ put (a substance) through a sieve сіяти, просіювати
Sift the flour and baking so as to remove lumps or large
powder into a medium-sized particles
mixing bowl.
68. skin, v /skɪn/ remove the skin from (an animal здирати шкіру,
He was skinning a rabbit with or a fruit or vegetable) лушпиння
the expertise of a chef.
69. slice, v /slaɪs/ cut (something, especially food) нарізати тонкими
Helen sliced the birthday cake. into thin pieces шматочками
70. snip, v /snɪp/ cut something quickly using відрізати ножицями
Have you seen the scissors? I sharp scissors
want to snip off this loose
thread.
71. spread, v /spred/ cover (a surface) with a мазати, намазувати
Spread each slice thinly with substance in an even layer
mayonnaise.
72. sprinkle, v /'sprɪŋkl/ scatter or pour (small drops or бризкати, кропити;
Cheese can be sprinkled on particles of a substance) over an посипати
egg or vegetable dishes. object or surface
73. squeeze, v /skwiːz/ extract (liquid or a soft здавлювати,
Mark squeezed a couple of substance) from something by вичавлювати,
oranges to make fresh juice. compressing or twisting it firmly видавлювати
74. stew, v /stjuː/ cook or be cooked slowly in тушкувати
She served her guests beef liquid in a closed dish or pan
stewed in wine.
75. stir, v /stɜː/ move a spoon or other мішати, помішувати
Stir the batter until it is evenly implement around in (a liquid or
combined. other substance) in order to mix
it thoroughly
76. stuff (with), v fill (the cavity of an item of начиняти, фарширувати
They were going to cook a food) with a savoury or sweet
chicken stuffed with mixture, especially before
mushrooms and breadcrumbs.
cooking
77. stuffing, n /'stʌfɪŋ/ a mixture of food that is put начинка
Chestnuts can be used at inside poultry such as a chicken,
Christmas time, as a stuffing or a vegetable such as a pepper,
for turkey or chicken.
before it is cooked
78. whip, v /wɪp/ to stir something liquid such as збивати (вершки, білки)
Whip the cream until thick. cream or an egg very fast until it
is thick or stiff
79. whisk, v /wɪsk/ beat or stir (a substance, збивати (білки тощо)
In a separate bowl, whisk especially cream or eggs) with a
together the remaining sugar light, rapid movement
and the yolks.

KITCHEN UTENSILS
81. kitchen utensils, n pl /'kɪʧɪn tools, containers, or other кухонний посуд,
juː'tenslz/ articles, used in a kitchen приладдя
There was a selection of
kitchen utensils – spoons,
spatulas and whisks in the
drawer.
82. bread bin, n a container for keeping bread in хлібниця
 As the bread bin was empty I
had to go to the backer’s.
83. casserole (dish), n /'kæsərəʊl/ a large heavy container with a каструля з кераміки або
Place all the chopped lid жароміцного скла
vegetables into a casserole
dish.
84. coaster, n /'kəʊstə/ a small mat that you put підставка для склянки
Sophie always makes me put underneath a glass or cup to або чашки
my glass on a coaster. protect the surface of a table
85. colander, n /'kʌləndə/ = a container in the shape of a друшляк
strainer, n /'streɪnə/ bowl with holes in it which you
After four minutes, pour the wash or drain food in
pasta into a colander to drain.
86. frying pan, n a shallow pan with a long сковорода з ручкою
With my favourite non-stick handle, used for cooking food in
frying pan, I really don’t need hot fat or oil
to use much fat for frying.
87. gravy boat, n /'ɡreɪvɪˌ bəʊt/ a long, narrow jug used for соусник
I have been looking for a gravy serving gravy
boat that keeps the gravy
warm.
88. ladle, n /'leɪdl/ a large, round, deep spoon with a черпак
Maria filled a bowl with soup, long handle, used for serving
putting into it the lion’s share soup, stew, or sauce
of chopped meat and
vegetables which her ladle
scraped from the bottom of the
pot.
89. mixing bowl, n a large bowl used for mixing глибока миска для
Sift the flour into a medium ingredients змішування
mixing bowl and rub in the
butter until the mixture
resembles breadcrumbs.
90. pan, n /pæn/ a round metal container, which каструля
Heat the butter and oil in a is used for cooking things in,
large pan. usually on top of a cooker or
stove
91. pepper pot, n /'pepəˌpɒt/ a small container with holes in перечниця
(BrE) = pepper shaker, n the top, used for shaking pepper
(AE) onto food
She took the pepper shaker and
smashed it against the ground.
92. place mat, n a small mat underneath a підставка під тарілку
Their new collection has person’s dining plate, used to
expanded to tabletop protect the table from the heat of
accessories including
placemats and napkins. the plate and food
93. pressure cooker, n /'preʃə a large metal container with a lid скороварка; варильний
ˌkʊkə/ that fits tightly, in which you can автоклав
Foods actually cook three to cook food quickly using steam at
ten times faster in a pressure high pressure
cooker.
94. rolling pin, n a cylinder that you roll качалка
Take some of this chalk out to backwards and forwards over
the kitchen and crush it to a uncooked pastry in order to
fine powder with a rolling pin.
make the pastry flat
95. salt cellar, n /'sɔːltˌselə/ (BrE) a small container for salt with a сільничка
= salt shaker, n (AE) hole or holes in the top for
You tip the salt cellar at the shaking salt onto food
edge of your plate, and deposit
just the right amount of salt
 there.
96. saucepan, n /'sɔːspən/ a deep cooking pan, typically каструля з довгою
Place the potatoes and turnips round, made of metal, and with ручкою
in a large saucepan, cover one long handle and a lid
with cold water and bring to
the boil.
97. spatula, n /'spætjʊlə/ an object like a knife with a лопаточка
Spoon the batter into the wide, flat blade used in cooking
prepared pan, smoothing over
the top with a spatula.
98. sugar bowl, n /'ʃʊɡə bəʊl/ a small bowl in which sugar is цукорниця
Ruth gently moved the sugar kept
bowl out of her husband’s
reach.
99. tea towel, n (BrE) = dish a cloth for drying washed кухонне полотенце
towel, n (AE) crockery, cutlery, and glasses
Place both ovals on a greased
sheet, cover with a damp tea
towel, and leave to prove for
about an hour, or until
doubled in size.
100. whisk, n /wɪsk/ a kitchen tool used for whisking віничок, збивачка
Using a whisk, mix the yolks eggs or cream
and sugar to a smooth paste.

BREAD AND PASTRY

102. pastry, n /'peɪstrɪ/ a food made from flour, fat, and борошняні
Ann makes delicious pastry – water that is mixed together, кондитерські вироби
you should try her apple pie. rolled flat, and baked in the oven
103. bagel, n /'beɪɡəl/ a ring-shaped bread roll бублик
Bagels and pitta bread will be
a welcome change.
104. batter, n /'bætə/ a semi-liquid mixture of flour, бездріжджове, рідке
I always mix pancake batter in egg, and milk or water, used for тісто
this bowl. making pancakes or for coating
food before frying
105. biscuit, n /'bɪskɪt/ (BrE) = a small flat cake that is crisp and сухе печиво
cookie, n (AE) /'kʊkɪ/ usually sweet
We had tea and biscuits at half
past three.
106. bread with bran /bræn/, n bread made with the outer з висівками
Bread with bran is good for covering of grain that is
your body. separated when making white
flour; it contains a lot of the fibre
needed for a healthy body
107. bread crumbs /krʌm/, n pl a small fragment of bread, cake, хлібні крихти
This dish is typically sautéed in or biscuit
garlic and butter and often
topped with bread crumbs.
108. brown bread, n = rye bread made with rye flour, чорний/ житній хліб
bread, n typically dark in colour and with
Rye bread is typically denser a dense, chewy texture
than bread made from wheat
flour.
109. croissant, n /'krwɑːsɑːŋ/ a French crescent-shaped roll рогалик
Croissants and other crescent- made of sweet flaky yeast
shaped pastry are made of dough, eaten for breakfast
layered yeast-leavened dough.
110. cupcake, n /'kʌpkeɪk/ a small cake baked in a cup- (маленький) кекс
 For cupcakes, place the paper shaped foil or paper container (випечений у
cake cases in a muffin tray. and typically iced гофрованій формочці,
покритий цукровою
глазур’ю/ кремом)
111. dough, n /dəʊ/ a thick, malleable mixture of тісто (густе)
Work the flour and yeast flour and liquid, used for baking
mixture together until you have into bread or pastry
sticky dough.
112. doughnut, n /'dəʊnʌt/ a small fried cake of sweetened пончик; смажений
She asked Peter to wait a dough, typically in the shape of a пиріжок; пампушка
moment, and when she came ball or ring
back from the kitchen she
brought a bag of sandwiches
and doughnuts for us.
113. dumpling, n /'dʌmplɪŋ/ a small lump of dough that is вареник, галушка
We ordered cherry dumplings cooked and eaten, either with
in the restaurant. meat and vegetables or as part of
a sweet pudding
114. icing, n /'aɪsɪŋ/ = frosting, n a sweet substance made from цукрова глазур
Paul made five-year-old powdered sugar that is used to
Michelle a birthday cake with cover and decorate cakes
yellow icing.
115. flour, n /'flaʊə/ a powder obtained by grinding борошно
Add 200 grams of flour and an grain, typically wheat, and used
egg. to make bread, cakes, and pastry
116. gingerbread, n /'dʒɪndʒə a sweet biscuit or cookie that is імбирний пряник
ˌbred/ flavoured with ginger; often
In England, gingerbread may made in the shape of a man or an
refer to a cake, or a type of animal
cookie made with ginger.
117. loaf /ləʊf/ of bread, n a quantity of bread that is shaped паляниця, буханець
The tough outer part of a loaf and baked in one piece and хлібу
of bread is called crust. usually sliced before being eaten
118. muffin, n /'mʌfɪn/ a small domed spongy cake (міні) кекс
Their breakfast consists of made with eggs and baking
pancakes, blueberry muffins, powder
eggs, and bacon.
119. roll, n = bun, n a small piece of bread that is булочка
He sipped at his coffee and round or long and is made to be
spread butter and marmalade eaten by one person
on a roll.
120. rusk, n /rʌsk/ a light, dry biscuit or piece of галета, сухар
He brought a large basket of twice-baked bread, especially
rusks or biscuits and three jars one prepared for use as baby
of fresh water into the boat.
food
121. scone, n /skəʊn/ a small cake made from flour ячмінний або
We chatted over tea and and fat, usually eaten with butter пшеничний корж,
scones. булочка
122. shortbread, n a crisp, rich, crumbly type of пісочне печиво;
Graham first fell in love with biscuit made with butter, flour, пісочний коржик
cooking while helping his mum and sugar
make cakes, shortbread and
scones at their home.
123. slice of bread, n a thin, broad piece of bread cut шматок, кусень хлібу
There were four slices of bread from a larger portion
left in the bread bin.
124. sponge cake, n /'spʌnʤ ˌkeɪk/ a very light cake made from бісквіт (бісквітний
Place the other sponge cake on flour, eggs, and sometimes fat торт, бісквітне
top and spread with the тістечко)
remaining whipped cream.
125. waffle, n /'wɒfl/ a small crisp batter cake, baked вафля
Eating a great waffle is a in a waffle iron and eaten hot
comforting experience – the with butter or syrup
satisfying crunch as you bite
in, the warm, sweet, fluffy
dough inside.
126. white bread, n = wheat bread made with wheat flour білий хліб =
/wiːt/ bread, n пшеничний хліб
There is more fibre in rye
bread than in white bread.

KINDS OF PASTA
128. pasta, n /'pæstə/ a type of food made from a макаронні вироби
(BrE), /'pɑ͟ːstə/ (AE) mixture of flour, eggs, and water
Use mint instead of the basil if that is formed into different
you like, and use differently shapes and then boiled
shaped pasta if you have no
fettuccine.
129. macaroni, n /mækə'rəʊnɪ/ pasta in the shape of narrow макарони
The dish of macaroni was left tubes
upon the table, only just tasted
by the royal mouth.
130. noodle, n /'nuːdl/ a very thin, long strip of pasta or локшина
Add noodles, soy sauce and a similar flour paste, eaten with a
oyster sauce and cook until sauce or in a soup
heated through.
131. pasta shells, pl n pasta made in the form макарони у вигляді
Fred runs and gets some pasta resembling or likened to a shell черепашок (мушель)
shells and cheese to feed his
unexpected guests.
132. spaghetti, n /spə'ɡetɪ/ pasta made in long, slender, спагеті
As an alternative, instead of solid strings, between macaroni
using spaghetti, use pasta and vermicelli in thickness
shells instead.
133. vermicelli, n /ˌvɜːmɪ'ʧelɪ/ pasta in the form of long slender вермішель
Place rice vermicelli noodles threads
in a pot, cover with hot water
and allow them to stand until
tender.

DAIRY PRODUCTS
135. dairy product, n /'dɛərɪ food derived from or containing молочні продукти
ˌprɒdʌkt/ milk and its derivatives
I am lactose intolerant, so I
can’t eat anything involving
dairy products.
136. condensed milk, n /kən'denst milk that has been thickened by згущене молоко
ˌmɪlk/ evaporation and sweetened, sold
Ben paused and placed in tins
carefully on the ground his
half-full can of condensed milk
with which he had been
absently toying.
137. cottage cheese, n a soft, white, lumpy cheese made домашній (м’який) сир
Start with a layer of sauce, from sour milk
then a layer of noodles then
cottage cheese.
138. low-fat milk, n milk from which some of the молоко з низьким
To get more magnesium you cream has been removed вмістом жиру
need to eat more leafy greens, ,
nuts, low-fat milk or yogurt,
seafood, and whole grains.
139. pasteurized milk, milk that has had bacteria пастеризоване молоко
n /'pɑːstʃəraɪzd/ removed from it by a special
Proponents of raw milk claim heating process to make it safer
it’s more nutritious than to drink
pasteurized milk, which has
been heated to kill bacteria.
140. processed cheese, cheese that has been specially плавлений сир
n /'prəʊsest ˌʧiːz/ made so that it can be sold and
The consumption of natural stored in large quantities;
cheese in all forms has sometimes sold in the form of
increased over the processed
cheese in the US. single wrapped slices
141. skimmed /skɪmd/ milk, n milk from which the cream has знежирене молоко
Full-fat milk or semi-skimmed been removed
milk work best for this as
skimmed milk tends to turn a
little watery.
142. sour cream, n /'saʊə ˌkriːm/ cream which has been сметана
Spoon sour cream over beans, deliberately fermented by the
leaving about a 1-inch border addition of certain bacteria
of beans around the edge.
143. whole milk, n = full-fat milk with no fat removed незбиране молоко
milk, n
Young kids need all the energy
and protein they can get and
whole milk is just the ticket.

CEREAL
145. cereal, n /'sɪərɪəl/ a grain used for food, for злакові
I have a glass of fruit juice and example wheat, maize, or rye
a bowl of cereal every
morning.
146. buckwheat, n /'bʌkwiːt/ an Asian plant of the dock гречана крупа
They will have their buckwheat family that produces starchy
cooked before we reach our seeds
quarters.
147. cornflakes, n pl /'kɔːnfleɪks/ a breakfast cereal consisting of кукурудзяні пластівці
She always has a bowl of toasted flakes made from corn
cornflakes with milk for
breakfast.
148. muesli, n /'mjuːzlɪ/ a mixture of oats and other мюслі
At nine I have breakfast – cereals, dried fruit, and nuts,
muesli with soya milk. eaten with milk at breakfast
149. oatmeal, n /'əʊtmiːl/ meal made from ground oats, вівсяна крупа
Joseph was bending over the used in breakfast cereals or other
fire, peering into a large pan food
that swung above it; and a
wooden bowl of oatmeal stood
on the settle close by.
150. pearl barley, n /'pɜːlˌbɑːlɪ/ barley reduced to small round перлова крупа
We were looked after by an grains by grinding
attentive waitress called
Rebecca, who brought me
pearl barley risotto with wild
mushrooms.
151. porridge, n /'pɒrɪʤ/ a dish consisting of oatmeal or каша
She drank a glass of milk, but another meal or cereal boiled in
the porridge she would not eat, water or milk
saying that she was too weary.
152. semolina, n /ˌsemə'liːnə/ the hard grains left after the манна крупа
He poured semolina into a milling of flour, used in
glass bowl and as it floated to puddings and in pasta
 the bottom it reminded him of
snowfall.

MEAT AND MEAT DISHES

154. beef, n /biːf/ the flesh of a cow, bull, or ox, яловичина
Pour the marinade over the used as food
beef and leave it for 24 hours.
155. broth, n /brɒθ/ soup consisting of meat or м’ясний бульйон;
George sat on a chair against vegetable chunks (and often рідкий м’ясний суп з
the wall of his house with a rice) cooked in stock овочами або крупою
bowl of broth on his knees and
a piece of bread in his hand.
156. chop, n /ʧɒp/ a thick slice of meat, especially відбивна котлета
We were served grilled lamb pork or lamb, adjacent to and
chops. often including a rib
157. frankfurter, n /'fræŋkfɜ:tə/ a seasoned smoked sausage сосиска
Frankfurters have always been made of beef and pork
the food of the people, served
with grated horseradish or
mustard.
158. game, n /ɡeɪm/ the flesh of wild mammals or дичина
As men who shot game for birds, used as food
food, they were natural
marksmen.
159. ham, n /hæm/ salted or smoked meat from the шинка
Would you like another slice of upper part of a pig's leg
ham?
160. lamb, n /læm/ the flesh of a young sheep used м’ясо молодого
For chops you need the best as food баранчика (ягнятина)
piece of lamb but don’t over-
trim it; leave a little fat on for
flavour.
161. meatball, n /'miːtbɔːl/ a small ball of ground meat фрикаделька, тефтелька
Put all the rest of the meatball variously seasoned and cooked
ingredients, except the olive
oil, into the bowl and squish
everything together until
mixed.
162. mince, n /mɪn(t)s/ (BrE) = meat, especially beef, that has м’ясний фарш
ground meat/ beef, been cut into very small pieces
n /'ɡraʊndˌbiːf/ (AE) using a machine
Shepherd’s pie is a dish of
ground meat under a layer of
mashed potato.
163. mutton, n /'mʌt(ə)n/ the flesh of fully grown sheep баранина
The document reveals that the used as food
bishop’s menu would have
included a range of meats,
from mutton and beef to veal
and rabbit.
164. partridge, n /'pɑːtrɪʤ/ a short-tailed game bird with куріпка
Mary served a main course of mainly brown plumage, found
partridge to her guests. chiefly in Europe and Asia
165. pâté, n /'pæteɪ/ a rich, savoury paste made from паштет, паста
There were a couple pieces of finely minced or mashed
cold goose, a pheasant, a dish ingredients, typically seasoned
of pâté with a group of ancient
and cobwebby bottles. meat or fish
166. pig in the blanket, n frankfurters or small sausages сосиска в тісті
They had pigs in the blanket as wrapped in dough and baked
an appetiser.
167. pork, n /pɔːk/ the flesh of a pig used as food свинина
 I much prefer chicken to beef
or pork.
168. sausage, n /'sɒsɪʤ/ a cylindrical tube of minced ковбаса
She sliced off a piece of pork, beef, or other meat
sausage. seasoned and cooked or
preserved, sold mainly to be
eaten cold in slices
169. stock, n /stɒk/ liquid made by cooking bones міцний бульйон на
Add a pint of chicken stock to (and meat) slowly in water, used кістках
the dish. as a basis for the preparation of
soup, gravy, or sauces
170. turkey, n /'tɜːkɪ/ meat of a large mainly індичатина
It’s a proper Christmas dinner, domesticated game bird, having
with turkey and bread or a bald head and (in the male) red
cranberry sauce.
wattles
171. veal, n /viːl/ the flesh of a young calf, used as телятина
This dish consists of pork, food
chicken and veal cooked in
yogurt and garlic.
172. venison, n /'venɪs(ə)n/ the flesh of a deer used as food оленина
That same evening within a
forest glade a group of men sat
round a fire roasting venison
and making merry.

KINDS OF FISH
174. anchovy, n /'ænʧəvɪ/ very small fish with a strong кілька, анчоус, хамса
He opened a tin of anchovies salty taste
to feed a stray cat.
175. caviar, n /'kævɪɑː/ the salted eggs of a fish called a ікра
The chefs meanwhile offer up sturgeon or other large fish,
such delights as caviar, oysters eaten as a delicacy
and kangaroo steak.
176. eel, n /iːl/ a long, thin fish that looks like a вугор
The woman proved to be cross snake
and bad-tempered, perhaps
because she had only caught
one red eel during all the day.
177. herring, n /'herɪŋ/ a fairly small silvery fish which оселедець
The fish were all quite small, is most abundant in coastal
generally about the size of a waters and is of widespread
herring, and of every variety.
commercial importance
178. mackerel, n /'mækr(ə)l/ a sea fish with a dark, patterned скумбрія, макрель
Bay leaf is an excellent herb back
for mackerel.
179. salmon, n /'sæmən/ a large edible fish much prized лосось європейський,
He gave them a splendid lunch for its pink flesh сьомга
of smoked salmon.
180. sardine, n /sɑː'diːn/ a kind of small sea fish, often сардина
They opened a tin of sardines. eaten as food
181. seafood, n /'siːfuːd/ shellfish such as lobsters, морепродукти
The processing method of mussels, and crabs, and
seafood differs from country to sometimes other sea creatures,
country and even from region
to region. served as food
182. trout, n /traʊt/ chiefly freshwater fish of the форель
Thousands of young salmon salmon family, found in both
and trout have been killed by Eurasia and North America and
pollution.
highly valued for food
183. tuna, n /'tjuːnə/ large fish that live in warm seas тунець
Schools of tuna tend to swim and are caught for food
below frolicking dolphins.

KINDS OF SHELLFISH
185. crayfish, n /'kreɪfɪʃ/ (BrE) = a small shellfish with five pairs річковий рак; лангуст
crawfish, n /'krɔːfɪʃ/ (AE) of legs which lives in rivers and
We saw several crayfish, which streams
had apparently been washed in
by the storm earlier in the
week.
186. mussel, n /'mʌs(ə)l/ a kind of shellfish with a brown мідія
There were mussels thrown or purplish-black shell
upon the beach in stormy
weather.
187. oyster, n /'ɔɪstə/ a large flat shellfish; some can устриця
He had two dozen oysters and be eaten and others produce
enjoyed every one of them. valuable objects called pearls
188. prawn, n /prɔːn/ (BrE) = small shellfish with long tail and креветка
shrimp, n /ʃrɪmp/ (AE) many legs
Prawns are grey when they’re
raw, and turn pink when
they’re cooked.
189. shellfish, n /'ʃelfɪʃ/ small creatures that live in the їстівні молюски
Fish and shellfish are the sea and have a shell
specialities of this restaurant.

VEGETABLES AND ROOTS

191. artichoke, n /'ɑːtɪʧəʊk/ round green vegetable that has артишок
Artichoke is actually a variety fleshy leaves arranged like the
of a species of thistle cultivated petals of a flower
as a food.
192. asparagus, n /əs'pærəɡəs/ a tall plant of the lily family with столова спаржа
It was a bountiful meal – there fine feathery foliage, cultivated
were mashed potatoes, for its edible shoots
chopped and stewed
asparagus, thick slices of
bread and a pitcher of milk.
193. aubergine, n /'əʊbəʤiːn/ the purple egg-shaped fruit of a баклажан
(BrE) = eggplant, n /'eɡplɑːnt/ tropical Old World plant, which
(AE) is eaten as a vegetable
Heat a large frying pan or wok
and fry off the vegetables in
turn, aubergines first then
courgettes.
194. bean, n /biːn/ an edible seed, typically kidney- квасоля
Baked beans are cooked in shaped, growing in long pods on
tomato sauce in Britain and certain plants
with salt pork in North
America.
195. beetroot, n /'biːtruːt/ (BrE) = a dark red root that is eaten as a буряк
beet, n (AE) vegetable
Apart from the fact it tastes
delicious, I like beetroot for its
vibrant and festive colour.
196. broccoli, n /'brɒkəlɪ/ a vegetable with green stalks and броколі, капуста
The vegetable garden is doing green or purple tops спаржева
quite well, with broccoli,
onions, cabbage and garlic all
starting to grow.
197. Brussels sprout, n /'brʌs(ə)lz vegetables that look like tiny брюссельська капуста
 ˌspraʊt/ cabbages
Vegetables like cabbage,
Brussels sprouts, cauliflower,
and turnips may reduce the
risk of cancerous tumours.
198. cabbage, n /'kæbɪʤ/ a round vegetable with white, капуста качанна
John planted some spinach, green or purple leaves that is
green peppers and cabbages usually eaten cooked
according to eco-friendly
principles.
199. carrot, n /'kærət/ long, thin, orange-coloured морква
There was a half-eaten raw vegetable, grown under the
carrot on the table near him. ground
200. cauliflower, n /'kɒlɪˌflaʊə/ a large round vegetable that has цвітна капуста
When the cauliflower is done, a hard white centre surrounded
divide it between 4 serving by green leaves
plates, then spoon the sauce
over it.
201. celery, n /'selərɪ/ a vegetable with long pale green селера
She was so hungry that she stalks
even tried to chew on a stick of
celery.
202. corn on the cob, n long rounded part of the maize качан кукурудзи
By late afternoon the dishes or corn plant on which small
had been washed and the yellow seeds grow, and which is
steak, mashed potatoes, corn-
on-the-cob and pumpkin pie eaten as a vegetable
had already been memories.
203. courgette, n /kʊə'ʒet/ (BrE) = a long, thin vegetable with a кабачок (молодий овоч)
zucchini, n /zʊ'kiːnɪ/ (AE) dark green skin which is a type
It did look quite appetising – a of small (baby) marrow
mountain of rice with
courgettes, peppers and onions
blended together by a tomato
sauce.
204. cucumber, n /'kjuːkʌmbə/ a long thin vegetable with a hard огірок
Peel the cucumber and chop it green skin and wet transparent
into small cubes. flesh
205. fennel, n /'fen(ə)l/ a plant with a crisp rounded base фенхель
Once your fennel plants are and feathery leaves which can be
anywhere from knee to waist eaten as a vegetable or the leaves
level, feel free to cut the side
stalks. can be used as a herb
206. garlic, n /'ɡɑːlɪk/ a strong-smelling and tasting часник
You will need 3 cloves of bulb, used as a flavouring in
garlic to cook this dish. cooking and in herbal medicine
207. ginger, n /'ʤɪnʤə/ the root of a plant which has імбир
Indian food is prepared with a sweet spicy flavour and is often
variety of spices, including sold in powdered form
chilli powder, ginger and
garlic.
208. horseradish, n /'hɔːsˌrædɪʃ/ a small white vegetable that is хрін
Add one tablespoon of freshly the root of a crop and has a very
grated horseradish. strong sharp taste
209. leek, n /liːk/ a long thin vegetable which цибуля-порей
Add more oil to the pan and smells similar to onion is white
cook the onion, carrot, leeks at one end and has long light
and celery gently till soft.
green leaves
210. lettuce, n /'letɪs/ a vegetable with large thin green салат-латук
I’d like a ham sandwich on leaves that you eat raw in a salad
rye, hold the lettuce.
211. marrow, n /'mærəʊ/ a long white-fleshed gourd with кабачок
Lots of vegetables should be green skin, which is eaten as a
ready to harvest now including vegetable
marrows, onions and sweet
corn.
212. onion, n /'ʌnjən/ a round vegetable with thin dry цибуля
I always cry when I’m skin and many layers inside that
chopping onions. tastes and smells very strong
213. parsnip, n /'pɑːsnɪp/ a long tapering cream-colored пастернак
When it comes to Christmas root with a sweet flavour
food I’m completely
conventional – turkey, roast
potatoes and parsnips.
214. pea, n /piː/ a spherical green seed which is горох
Peter asked her the way to the eaten as a vegetable
gate, but she had such a large
pea in her mouth that she
could not answer.
215. potato, n /pə'teɪtəʊ/ a starchy, quite round vegetable картопля
I had a baked potato for lunch, with brown or red skin and white
which was very filling. inside, grown under the ground
216. pumpkin, n /'pʌmpkɪn/ a large rounded orange-yellow гарбуз
Quarter the pumpkin and fruit with a thick rind, the flesh
remove the seeds. of which can be used in sweet or
savoury dishes
217. radish, n /'rædɪʃ/ small red or white vegetable that редиска
Serve the dish with a colourful is the root of a plant
salad of radishes and beets.
218. spinach, n /'spɪnɪʤ/ a vegetable with large dark green шпинат
I bought a bag of chopped, leaves that you chop up and boil
frozen spinach. in water before eating
219. spring onion, n (BrE) = an onion taken from the ground зелена цибуля
green onion/ scallion before the bulb has formed,
/'skæljən/, n (AE) typically eaten raw in salad
Add the spring onion, green
beans and red pepper, and
cook until slightly softened.
220. squash, n /skwɒʃ/ a type of large vegetable with a гарбуз великий
Vegetables like squash, hard skin and a lot of seeds at its столовий; гарбуз;
potatoes and cabbages are centre кабачок; патисон
perfect for roasting.
221. tomato, n /tə'mɑːtəʊ/ small, soft, red fruit that you can помідор
Beef tomato is a tomato of an eat raw in salads or cooked as a
exceptionally large and firm vegetable
variety.
222. turnip, n /'tɜːnɪp/ a round vegetable with a турнепс, ріпа
If you want to extend the greenish-white skin that is the
harvest of carrots, turnips and root of a crop
other root vegetables, leave
some in the ground to mulch as
the weather gets colder.

HERBS AND SPICES

224. herb, n /hɜːb/ a plant whose leaves are used in рослина-приправа
There were bundles of dried cooking to add flavour to food, (також лікарська
herbs in her kitchen. or as a medicine рослина)
225. bay leaf, n /'beɪ ˌliːf/ the aromatic dried leaf of the bay лавровий лист
Bring the potatoes and bay leaf tree, used in cooking
to boil and simmer for 10
minutes.
226. basil, n /'bæz(ə)l/ a herb whose sweet leaves are базилік
The complaint is that my salad used in salads and cooking,
is incomplete; the chef has especially in dishes containing
forgotten to put basil into my
dish. tomato
227. black pepper, n the dried black berries of the чорний перець
If I offend my wife, she’s sure pepper, harvested while still
to torture my throat with black unripe and used either whole or
pepper the next day, or else
give me the colic with her ground as a spice
cooking.
228. chilli pepper, n /'ʧɪlɪ ˌpepə/ small red or green pepper which гіркий перець
Not only does the chilli pepper has a very hot taste and is used
bring luck, it also brings an in cooking
incredible taste to all of our
Kung Pao entrees.
229. chilli powder /'paʊdə/, n a hot-tasting spice made from мелений перець
Add chilli powder, cocoa, salt, ground dried red chillies,
cinnamon and pepper and sometimes with other spices
cook, stirring for about 1
minute.
230. cinnamon, n /'sɪnəmən/ an aromatic spice made from the кориця
Place the apples into a large peeled, dried, and rolled bark of
pot with the brown sugar and a Southeast Asian tree
cinnamon.
231. clove, n /kləʊv/ the dried flower bud of a tropical гвоздика
They decided to cook chicken tree, used as an aromatic spice
soup with cloves.
232. dill, n /dɪl/ an aromatic annual herb of the кріп
Add in the prawns with the parsley family, with fine blue-
chopped dill and continue to green leaves and yellow flowers
simmer for further 10 minutes.
233. nutmeg, n /'nʌtmeɡ/ the hard, aromatic, almost мускатний горіх
Grate some nutmeg on top of spherical seed of a tropical tree
the pudding.
234. parsley, n /'pɑːslɪ/ a small plant with curly leaves петрушка
Beat up two eggs with a little that are used for flavouring or
water or milk, salt, pepper and decorating savoury food
parsley.
235. rosemary, n /'rəʊzm(ə)rɪ/ an evergreen aromatic shrub of розмарин
Add some rosemary to the new the mint family; the narrow
potato when it’s boiling. leaves are used as a culinary
herb, in perfumery, and as an
emblem of remembrance
236. sage, n /seɪʤ/ an aromatic plant whose greyish- шавлія
The best culinary sage is green leaves are used as a
native to southern Europe. culinary herb, native to southern
Europe and the Mediterranean
237. salt, n /sɔːlt/ a strong-tasting substance, in the сіль
Season lightly with salt and form of white powder or
pepper. crystals, which is used to
improve the flavour of food or to
preserve it
238. thyme, n /taɪm/ a low-growing aromatic plant of чебрець
Pleasantly to their nostrils the mint family; the small leaves
came the tender fragrance of are used as a culinary herb and
the wild thyme that grew
within the edge of the little the plant yields a medicinal oil
fountain.
239. turmeric, n /'tɜːmərɪk/ a yellow spice that is used to куркума
Turmeric powder and a small flavour food such as curry
 amount of carom seeds boiled
in water can be given to
relieve chest congestion and
cold.

KINDS OF FRUIT
241. apricot, n /'eɪprɪkɒt/ a juicy, soft fruit of an orange- абрикос
She stopped at a fruit and yellow colour resembling a
flower shop where she bought small peach
a large quantity of apples,
apricots and all sorts of sweet-
smelling plants.
242. clementine, n /'klemənˌtiːn/ a fruit that looks like a small клементин (мандарин)
Squeeze four clementines to orange
make fresh juice.
243. melon, n /'melən/ a large fruit which is sweet and диня
He found Joe and Huck up an juicy inside and has a hard green
alley eating a stolen melon and or yellow skin
a cantaloupe.
244. peach, n /piːʧ/ a soft, round, slightly furry fruit персик
One or two of the peaches had with sweet yellow flesh and
bruises on them. pinky-orange skin
245. pear, n /pɛə/ a sweet, juicy fruit which is груша
These pears are still too firm narrow near its stalk, and wider
to eat. and rounded at the bottom
246. persimmon, n /pə'sɪmən/ an edible fruit that resembles a хурма
Adam sold more persimmons large tomato and has very sweet
than mangoes during the flesh
persimmon’s three-month
season last year.
247. pineapple, n /'paɪnæpl/ a large juicy tropical fruit ананас
He served tinned pineapples consisting of aromatic edible
for desert. yellow flesh surrounded by a
tough segmented skin and
topped with a tuft of stiff leaves
248. plum, n a small, sweet fruit with a слива
Peaches, plums, dates, smooth red or yellow skin and a
avocados, and olives all stone in the middle
contain stones.
249. quince, n /kwɪns/ a hard, acid pear-shaped fruit айва
Jill rose and took from a buffet used in preserves or as
a piece of cheese, some flavouring
preserved quinces, and a piece
of cake made of almonds and
honey.
250. tangerine (orange), n a small citrus fruit with a loose мандарин, танжерин
/ˌtændʒə'ri:n/ skin, especially one of a variety
On the heap of nuts lay a scrap with deep orange-red skin
of cardboard, on which was
written in bold, blue chalk,
‘Best tangerine oranges, two a
penny’.
251. watermelon, n /'wɔːtəˌmelən/ a large round fruit with green кавун
Jack says that when one has skin, pink flesh, and black seeds
tasted watermelon he knows
what the angels eat.

KINDS OF BERRIES
253. bilberry, n /'bɪlb(ə)rɪ/ a small, round, dark-blue edible чорниця
Leeds is to be linked with the berry that grows on bushes in
bilberry, which grows on many northern Europe
of the moors surrounding the
 city.
254. blackberry, n /'blækb(ə)rɪ/ an edible soft fruit, consisting of ожина
Sarah was singing as she was a cluster of soft purple-black
putting some blackberries and drupelets that grow on bushes
apples into the pie.
255. blackcurrant, n a small round edible black berry чорна смородина
/ˌblæk'kʌr(ə)nt/ which grows in loose hanging
She used to pick the clusters
blackcurrant herself and then
make us the best jelly.
256. blueberry, n /'bluːbərɪ/ a small sweet blue-black edible (американська)
You can pick your own berry which grows in clusters on чорниця, лохина
blueberries without growing North American shrubs related
them.
to the bilberry
257. cherry, n /'ʧerɪ/ a small, soft round stone fruit вишня
Could you stone the cherries that is typically bright or dark
for me? red
258. cranberry, n /'krænb(ə)rɪ/ red berry with a sour taste журавлина
The cranberry works well in
confectionery, baked goods,
cereals and dairy products.
259. cranberry bush, a shrub of the honeysuckle калина звичайна/
n /'krænb(ə)rɪ ˌbʊʃ/ = family, with round clusters of трилопатева
American cranberry, n white flowers followed by red
But to come across a edible berries
cranberry bush in a clearing in
a wood is a fabulous thing.
260. gooseberry, n /'ɡʊzb(ə)rɪ/ a round edible yellowish-green аґрус
Gooseberries are used for or reddish berry with a thin
making pies and jam. translucent hairy skin
261. grape, n /ɡreɪp/ a berry (typically green, purple, виноград
There went two, with the or black) growing in clusters on
goodly bunch of grape. a grapevine, eaten as fruit and
used in making wine
262. mulberry, n /'mʌlb(ə)rɪ/ a small purple or white fruit that шовковиця
We then all sat down under a grows on the mulberry tree
shady tree, and the farmers
passed around a tray of white
mulberries and six glasses of
lemonade.
263. raspberry, n /'rɑːzb(ə)rɪ/ an edible soft fruit related to the малина
The air was fragrant with the blackberry, consisting of a
wild, sweet, wholesome smell cluster of reddish-pink drupelets
of young raspberry bushes.
that grow on bushes
264. strawberry, n /'strɔːb(ə)rɪ/ a small red fruit which is soft полуниця
That was very extravagant of and juicy and has tiny yellow
you to buy strawberries out of seeds on its skin
season.
265. sultana grape, n /sʌl'tɑːnə/ a round-berried, green, seedless кишмиш
Paul liked sultana more than or nearly seedless variety of
usual grapes because he didn’t grape widely cultivated for table
like seeds.
use and for drying as raisins
266. wild strawberry, n an uncultivated plant having суниця
Wild strawberries are hidden luscious red or rarely white fruit
among the roots of the trees.

KINDS OF DRIED FRUIT

268. date, n /deɪt/ a sweet, dark brown, oval fruit фінік
Dates and dried apricot are containing a hard stone, often
 the most commonly consumed eaten dried
dry fruits.
269. dried apricot, n apricots preserved by drying курага, урюк
Decorate each with a dried
apricot and sprig of mint.
270. prune, n /pruːn/ a plum preserved by drying and чорнослив
However, just as raisins seem having a black, wrinkled
different from grapes, so do appearance
prunes appear to be distinct
from plums.

KINDS OF NUTS
272. almond, n /'ɑːmənd/ the oval edible nut-like seed мигдальний горіх
She brought in a sponge cake (kernel) of the almond tree,
flavoured with almonds. growing in a woody shell
273. hazelnut, n /'heɪz(ə)lnʌt/ a round brown hard-shelled nut фундук, лісовий горіх
When they are roasted, that is the edible fruit of the (плід)
hazelnuts are the best nuts by hazel
far!
274. peanut, n /'piːnʌt/ a small nut that grows under the арахіс
He bought a packet of peanuts ground
to go with his beer.
275. pistachio, n /pɪ'stɑːʃɪəʊ/ the edible pale green seed of an фісташка
Garnish with celery greens, Asian tree
pistachios, capers and sea salt.
276. walnut, n /'wɔːlnʌt/ edible nut which has a wrinkled волоський/ грецький
She added chopped walnuts to shape and a hard round shell that горіх
the cake. is light brown in colour

KINDS OF SWEETS
278. bar of chocolate, n /'ʧɒklət/ a solid block made from roasted плитка шоколаду
The torn red wrapper of the and ground cacao seeds,
chocolate bar was still in her typically sweetened
hand.
279. box of chocolates, n a box of candy made of or коробка шоколадних
Jane was presented with the covered with chocolate цукерок
box of chocolates.
280. butterscotch, n /'bʌtəskɒʧ/ a brittle yellow-brown sweet іриска
It tasted tangy and strangely made with butter and brown
sweet, like butterscotch. sugar
281. candy bar, n a long, thin, sweet food, usually шоколадний батончик
I usually avoid eating candy covered in chocolate
bars.
282. custard, n /'kʌstəd/ a sweet yellow sauce made from рідкий заварний крем
For dessert we had bananas milk and eggs or from milk and
and custard. a powder, eaten with fruit and
puddings
283. hard candy, n a hard, often brightly coloured карамель
Enter a whole new flavour sweet made of boiled sugar and
experience with the hard candy corn syrup, often fruit-flavoured
that is made with real coffee.
284. ice(d) lolly, n (BrE) = a piece of flavoured ice or ice фруктове морозиво на
Popsicle, n /'pɒpsɪk(ə)l/ (AE) cream on a stick паличці (заморожений
I want to be playing on the сік)
swings in the park – eating an
ice lolly.
285. lollipop, n /'lɒlɪpɒp/ = lolly, n a sweet consisting of a hard disc льодяник на паличці
/'lɒlɪ/ or ball of a sugary substance on
Life is not all candy canes and the end of a stick
lollipops but it doesn't mean
 we should forget what the
results of our actions are.
286. pudding, n /'pʊdɪŋ/
1) For dessert, they had a 1) a sweet and usually hot dish 1) пудинг, запіканка
cherry sponge pudding with made with pastry, flour, bread,
warm custard.
or rice, and often fruit (BrE)
2) Chocolate pudding is the 2) a sweet, soft food made from 2) пудинг
best. milk, sugar, eggs, and
flavouring, eaten cold (AE)
3) What’s for pudding? 3) the final part of a meal, when 3) десерт
a sweet dish is eaten (BrE)

DRINKS AND BEVERAGES

291. beverage, n /'bevərɪʤ/ a drink, especially one other than напій
Alcoholic beverages are served water
in the hotel lounge.
292. Bottoms up!/ Here’s to an expression said as a toast “до дна”/ “за тебе/ Вас”
you!/ Here’s looking at when people are drinking
you! together
Bill: Bottoms up.
Tom: Here’s to you.
Bill: Ah, that one was good.
Care for another?
293. brew (tea/ coffee), v phr to you make tea or coffee by заварювати (чай/ каву)
He brewed a pot of coffee. pouring hot water over tea leaves
or ground coffee
294. cocoa, n /'kəʊkəʊ/ a hot drink made from cocoa какао
My wife was tucked up in bed powder mixed with milk or
with her cup of cocoa. water
295. fizzy /'fɪzɪ/ drink, n = soda carbonated water (originally газований напій
(water), n = pop, n made with sodium bicarbonate)
I would like a glass of diet drunk alone or mixed with
soda, please. alcoholic drinks or fruit juice
296. lukewarm /ˌluːk'wɔːm// only moderately warm; tepid/ теплий, теплуватий/
stone cold tea, n completely cold холодний чай
They drank bitter lukewarm
tea.
297. mulled wine, n /ˌmʌld'waɪn/ a hot alcoholic drink made of глінтвейн
Guests will receive a glass of wine mixed with sugar and
mulled wine upon arrival spices, traditionally drunk at
before being served a choice of
assorted sandwiches. winter festivals such as
Christmas
298. on the rocks, n phr served undiluted and with ice з льодом
A glass of Scotch on the rocks cubes
with a twist, please.
299. one for the road, n phr an alcoholic drink just before чарка “на коня”
Before I went home, she leaving
persuaded me to have one for
the road.
300. refill (of coffee), n /'riːfɪl/ an act of refilling or a glass that добавка (кави)
Max held out his cup for a is refilled
refill.
301. soft drink, n a cold, non-alcoholic drink such безалкогольний напій
People should drink cold water as lemonade or fruit juice, or a
as it, unlike a soft drink, is fizzy drink
easily consumed by a stomach.
302. stewed fruit, n = compote, n fruit preserved or cooked in компот, узвар
syrup
 /'kɒmpəʊt/
Jane used different kinds of
dried fruit to make the tastiest
stewed fruit.
303. strong drink, n alcohol, especially spirits алкогольний напій
Persons, who at other times
did not use strong drinks,
thought it quite the proper
thing to indulge in during the
Christmas week.
304. wash down, phr v to drink the drink after eating the запити, запивати
He washed down a sandwich food, especially to make the
with a cup of tea. food easier to swallow or digest
ETHNIC DISHES
306. black pudding, n /blæk a thick sausage which has a кров’яна ковбаса
'pʊdɪŋ/ black skin and is made from
The company has continued to pork fat and pig's blood
produce the black pudding to a
traditional family recipe –
using only the finest
ingredients.
307. blintz with stuffing, n a thin rolled pancake filled with налисник з начинкою
/blɪnts/ cottage cheese or fruit folded,
Upon sitting down we sautéed or baked, and often
immediately received a served with sour cream
complementary blintz.
308. borscht, n /bɔːʃ(t)/ a tart soup popular in several борщ
The vegetables most commonly East European cuisines;
added to borscht are beetroots, beetroots, being one of the main
white cabbage, carrots,
parsley root, potatoes, onions ingredients, give the dish a
and tomatoes. distinctive red colour
309. cabbage soup, n a vegetable soup of sauerkraut капусняк
There are different types of and/or white cabbage(s)
cabbage soup, prepared with
different ingredients.
310. chicken Kiev, n a popular dish of boneless котлета по-Київськи
Chicken Kiev is always time- chicken breast pounded and
consuming to prepare but it’s rolled around cold garlic butter
worth it.
with herbs, then coated with
eggs and breadcrumbs, and
either fried or baked
311. crackling, n /'kræklɪŋ/ a crisp fatty skin of roast pork шкварка
She offered a half of the
crackling to John.
312. dressed herring, n /ˌdrest a layered salad composed of оселедець під шубою
'herɪŋ/ diced salted herring covered
In some countries dressed with layers of grated boiled
herring salad is one of the vegetables (potatoes, carrots,
traditional dishes served at
New Year and Christmas beet roots), chopped onions, and
celebrations. mayonnaise
313. jacket potato, n (BrE) = a baked potato served with the картопля в “мундирі”
baked potato, n (AE) skin on
Ann had a jacket potato and
baked beans with a salad
garnish for lunch.
314. jellied /ʤelɪd/ meat, n = meat or fish cooked and then холодець
aspic, n /'æspɪk/ served in its own juices that
We’re going to have jellied become firm when cold
chicken and salad.
315. pancake, n /'pænkeɪk/ a thin, flat, circular piece of млинець, оладка
Do you want a sweet pancake cooked batter made from milk,
or a savoury one? flour and eggs
316. potato pancake, n a small flat cake of grated дерун
Tater tots may be at the top of potatoes mixed with flour and
favourite crispy potato dishes egg and fried
in the US, but in Ukraine
potato pancakes are by far
more popular.
317. Russian salad, n a salad of mixed diced салат “олів’є”
We decided to order white vegetables with mayonnaise
beans with sauce of peppers
and tomatoes, a Russian salad
and rice.
318. salt pork, n = fatback, n /'fæt a soft white fat obtained from сало / шпик
ˌbæk/ = lard, n /lɑːd/ pigs
As soon as they had made their
meagre breakfast of salt pork,
coffee and biscuit, Clayton
commenced work upon their
house.
319. (stuffed /stʌft/) cabbage a boiled cabbage leaf that is голубець
roll, n formed into a roll with a stuffing
I couldn’t decide if I wanted of rice and minced meat and
stuffed cabbage rolls with then baked
tomato sauce or plain sour
cream.
320. sauerkraut, n /'saʊəˌkraʊt/ cabbage that has been cut into квашена капуста
Sauerkraut took root mostly in very small pieces and pickled
Eastern European and
Germanic cuisines.
321. sorrel soup, n /'sɒr(ə)l ˌsuːp/ a soup made from water or щавлевий борщ
Sorrel soup usually includes broth, sorrel leaves, and salt
further ingredients such as egg
yolks or whole eggs.
322. vinaigrette salad /ˌvɪnɪ'ɡret/, a salad which includes diced салат вінегрет
n cooked vegetables as well as
To cook the vinaigrette salad sauerkraut аnd/or pickled
you need a number of cucumbers dressed with
vegetables.
sunflower or other vegetable oil
WHAT WE CAN EAT FOOD WITH
324. butter, n /'bʌtə/ a pale yellow edible fatty масло
Pour the melted butter into a substance made by churning
large mixing bowl. cream and used as a spread or in
cooking
325. gravy, n /'ɡreɪvɪ/ a sauce made by mixing the fat підлива
She ate noisily, greedily, a and juices exuded by meat
little like a wild beast in a during cooking with stock and
menagerie, and after she had
finished each course she other ingredients
rubbed the plate with pieces of
bread till it was white and
shining, as if she did not wish
to lose a single drop of gravy.
326. ketchup, n /'keʧʌp/ a spicy sauce made chiefly from кетчуп
Do you want some ketchup tomatoes and vinegar, that is
with your burger? sold in bottles
327. margarine, n /ˌmɑːʤə'riːn/ a butter substitute made from маргарин
Repeat layers and put a final vegetable oils or animal fats
layer of breadcrumbs on the
top dotted with margarine.
328. mayonnaise, n /ˌmeɪə'neɪz/ a thick creamy dressing майонез
Wash the lettuce and arrange consisting of egg yolks beaten
it nicely on a platter along with oil and vinegar and
with the mayonnaise,
breadcrumbs and parmesan in seasoned
small bowls.
329. mustard, n /'mʌstəd/ a hot-tasting yellow or brown гірчиця
Thinly paint the lamb with paste made from the crushed
Dijon mustard. seeds of certain plants, typically
eaten with meat or used as a
cooking ingredient
330. sauce, n /sɔːs/ a liquid or semi-liquid substance соус, підлива
Pasta was cooked in a sauce of served with food to add
garlic, tomatoes, and cheese. moistness and flavour
331. vinegar, n /'vɪnɪɡə/ a sharp-tasting liquid, usually оцет
He tasted his soup and began made from sour wine or malt,
to season it with pepper, salt, which is used to make things
vinegar – everything within
reach. such as salad dressing

REFRESHMENTS AND COURSES

333. appetiser, -izer, n /'æpɪtaɪzə/ a small dish of food or a drink закуска
= starter, n /'stɑːtə/ = hors taken before a meal or the main
d’oeuvre /ˌɔː'dɜːv/, n course of a meal to stimulate
Seafood soup is a good one's appetite
appetizer.
334. garnish, n (also v) /'ɡɑːnɪʃ/ a small amount of food used to гарнір; прикраса,
Reserve some watercress for decorate other food оздоба
garnish.
335. main course /kɔːs/, n the most substantial course of a основна страва
When the waiters appeared at meal
Penny’s shoulder with the
main course on a platter, Jim
was mid-anecdote.
336. refreshment(s), n a light snack or drink, esp one закуски та напої
/rɪ'freʃmənt(s)/ provided in a public place or at a
Light refreshments are public event
available after the conference.
337. side dish, n a dish served as subsidiary to the гарнір, салат (який
These mushrooms would make main one подається до м’ясної
a delicious side dish to serve або рибної страви)
with grilled chicken.
338. snack, n /snæk/ a small amount of food eaten легка закуска
Do you eat sweets, cakes or between meals
other sugary snacks?

PLACES PEOPLE GO OUT TO EAT AND TO DRINK

340. buffet, n /'bʌfeɪ/, /'bʊfeɪ/ a room or counter in a station, буфет, буфетна стійка
We sat in the station buffet hotel, or other public building
sipping tea. selling light meals or snacks
341. canteen, n /kæn'tiːn/ a restaurant provided by an їдальня, буфет (на
There were times when pigs in organization such as a college, заводі, у навчальному
blankets were delicious in this factory, or company for its закладі)
students’ canteen.
students or staff
342. cafeteria, n /ˌkæfə'tɪərɪə/ a restaurant in which customers кафетерій; їдальня
 The case came into light when serve themselves from a counter самообслуговування
three girls had food poisoning and pay before eating
after consuming food prepared
at the cafeteria.
343. coffee /'kɒfɪ/ shop, n = coffee a kind of restaurant that sells кав’ярня, кафе
house, n coffee, tea, cakes, and
Recently, Jon has converted a sometimes sandwiches and light
former ice cream van into a meals
mobile coffee shop.
344. pizzeria, n /ˌpiːtsə'riːə/ = a restaurant that serves pizza піцерія, ресторанчик
pizza parlour /'pɑːlə/, n
We went to the pizzeria to chat
and have some lunch.
345. tea room, n = tea shop, n a small restaurant or cafe where чайна, кафе
This tearoom is famous due to tea and other light refreshments
its chocolate box looks and the are served
fact that it has been featured in
the legendary children’s
comic, the Beano.

HOW GOOD OF AN EATER ARE YOU?

347. choosy /'ʧuːzɪ/ eater, n someone who is difficult to перебірливий їдець
She’s very choosy about what please because they are very
she eats and drinks. exact about what they like
348. connoisseur, n /ˌkɒnə'sɜː/ an expert judge in matters of знавець
Sarah tells me you’re taste
something of a connoisseur of
good food and know every fine
restaurant in the town.
349. eat a big/ small/ scanty to eat a lot of/ small amount of/ мати багату/ скромну/
/'skæntɪ/ dinner, v phr insufficient amount of food for убогу вечерю
As the family was very poor dinner
they usually had a scanty
dinner.
350. eat in/ with moderation / to eat a reasonable not excessive їсти помірно, стримано
ˌmɒd(ə)'reɪʃ(ə)n/, v phr amount of food
She never gains weight as she
always eats with moderation.
351. eat on the go/ the move, v to eat while moving and їсти на ходу
phr hurrying rather than sitting at the
Granny has always warned me table
not to eat on the go to avoid
having stomach problems.
352. eat to excess, v phr /ɪk'ses/, to eat more than necessary, переїдати
The main reason why he has permitted, or desirable
digestion problems is that he
usually eats to excess.
353. eat to one’s heart’s content to eat to the full extent of one’s наїстися досхочу,
/kən'tent/, v phr desires удосталь, всмак
Lucy could eat chocolate
desserts to her heart’s content
when she visited her
grandparents.
354. eat with gusto, v phr /'ɡʌstəʊ/ to eat with energetic and їсти із задоволенням
She always eats strawberry enthusiastic enjoyment
cheesecake with gusto.
355. eat with relish, v phr /'relɪʃ/ to get a lot of enjoyment from смакувати, їсти із
The three men ate with relish. eating задоволенням
356. fastidious, n /fæs'tɪdɪəs/ having a strong dislike of манірний,
They were too fastidious to eat anything dirty or unpleasant перебірливий, гидливий
in a fast-food restaurant.
357. finicky /'fɪnɪkɪ/ eater, n insisting capriciously on getting перебірливий,
A new study on prehistoric big just what one wants вибагливий їдець
cats suggests that finicky
eaters usually do not survive
mass extinction events.
358. gourmet, n /'ɡʊəmeɪ/ someone who enjoys good food, гурман
The acquaintance was chewing and who knows a lot about food
a piece of boiled artichoke and wine
with the gusto of a gourmet.
359. have/ enjoy a good/ healthy to have a strong desire to eat мати гарний апетит
appetite /'æpɪtaɪt/, v phr
He enjoys a healthy appetite.
360. have a substantial a large, satisfying and balanced добре поїсти; поїсти
/səb'stænʃl/ meal, v phr = meal щось тривке, поживне
square meal, v phr
They haven’t had a square
meal for four or five days.
361. have regular /'reɡjələ/ meals which have equal amounts харчуватися регулярно
meals, v phr of time between them, so that
Aunt Polly used to have her they happen, for example, at the
regular meals no matter what. same time each day
362. hearty /'hɑːtɪ/ eater = big someone who eats a lot їдець, що багато їсть
eater, n
He’s small, but he’s a hearty
eater.
363. light eater, n one who eats but little їдець, що мало їсть
I must admit she is heavier
than most and that is despite
being a light eater.
364. picky, n /'pɪkɪ/ someone who is very careful їдець, що копирсається
The children are such picky about choosing only what they в їжі
eaters. like
365. take one’s time over one’s to not hurry while eating їсти без поспіху
meal, v phr
John liked to take his time over
his meals.

USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES

367. à la carte, adj /ˌala'kɑːt/ (in a restaurant) referring to на вибір (з меню
You could choose as much or food that can be ordered as ресторану)
as little as you wanted from an separate items, rather than part
à la carte menu.
of a set meal
368. chef, n /ʃef/ a professional cook, typically the шеф-кухар, головний
Cash will be the vital chief cook in a restaurant or кухар
ingredient as celebrity chefs hotel
cook up a special fundraising
treat for charity.
369. cuisine, n /kwɪ'ziːn/ a style or method of cooking, кухня
We spent the evening sampling especially as characteristic of a
the local cuisine. particular country, region, or
establishment
370. extra helping, n = extra a portion of food served to one добавка (друга порція)
serving, n person at one time
She gave them extra helpings
of ice-cream.
371. help yourself (to), v phr to serve yourself anything you пригощатися
Help yourself to cherries! want or to take anything you
want
372. hospitable hostess, n a woman who is friendly and гостинна господиня
/hɒs'pɪtəbl 'həʊstɪs/ welcoming to visitors or guests
Tina is one of the most she receives or entertains
hospitable hostesses I have
ever met.
373. (I) don’t mind if I do, v phr said to politely accept an offer не відмовлюсь
“There’s plenty more cake if usually of food or drink
you’d like another piece.” “I
don’t mind if I do.”
374. make do, v phr manage with the limited or вистачати, бути
I make do with a cup of tea in inadequate means available достатнім
the morning.
375. put on/ lose weight, v phr to become fatter/ to become поправлятися/ худнути
Women usually prefer to lose thinner
weight rather than put it on.
376. recipe, n /'resəpɪ/ a set of instructions for cooking рецепт
I have a recipe for apple pie. or preparing a particular food
377. staple food, n /'steɪpl ˌfuːd/ a food that is eaten routinely, основні продукти
The staple food of a specific and in such quantities that it харчування (основний
society may be eaten as often constitutes a dominant portion of раціон)
as every day.
a standard diet in a given people
378. table d’hôte, n /ˌtɑːbl'dəʊt/ a restaurant meal offered at a табльдот; комплексний
I was an uninvited guest at the fixed price and with few if any обід
luncheon – the General had choices
forgotten to arrange otherwise,
or I should have been send for
to dine at the table d’hôte.
379. treat someone (to), v phr provide someone with (food, пригощати
I like to treat my guests to a drink, or entertainment) at one's
good dinner. own expense
380. Tupperware, n /'tʌpəwɛə/ a range of plastic containers with контейнер, ємність для
Rachel watched curiously as tight-fitting lids that are used for зберігання їжі
he pulled out plates, drinks, storing food (brand name)
eating utensils and several
more Tupperware containers
full of food.