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Overview of 8085

The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit processor with an 8-bit data bus, 16-bit address bus, and maximum addressable memory of 64kB. It uses CISC architecture and has an accumulator, flags register, program counter, stack pointer, and six general purpose registers. The 8085 has an ALU, timing and control unit, and register unit. It supports various addressing modes and has instructions for data transfer, arithmetic, bit manipulation, and program flow control. Interrupts are handled through the INTR, RST, and TRAP pins.

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58 views

Overview of 8085

The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit processor with an 8-bit data bus, 16-bit address bus, and maximum addressable memory of 64kB. It uses CISC architecture and has an accumulator, flags register, program counter, stack pointer, and six general purpose registers. The 8085 has an ALU, timing and control unit, and register unit. It supports various addressing modes and has instructions for data transfer, arithmetic, bit manipulation, and program flow control. Interrupts are handled through the INTR, RST, and TRAP pins.

Uploaded by

mkrishnad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Overview

of
8085 Microprocessor

D Murali Krishna
Department of ECE, SVECW.
Features of 8085:
• It is 8-bit processor
• 8-bit data bus & 16-bit address bus (Max. of
64kB Memory)
– Data and lower order address bus is multiplexed
• It has programmable
– 8-bit Accumulator
– Six 8-bit general purpose registers
– Two 16-bit special function registers
– Flag (or) Status Register (8-bit)
Contd.,
• It uses NMOS (N-Channel Metal Oxide
Semiconductor) Technology
• It uses CISC (Complex Instruction Set
Computer) Technology
• It works on +5V
• It is a 40-pin IC and DIP (Dual-inline Package)
• Its clock speed is about 3MHz
Architecture of 8085
Contd.,
1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
2. Timing and Control Unit (CU)
3. Register Unit (RU)
General Purpose Registers
– Six 8-bit registers are B,C,D,E,H and L.
– These can also be used as a pairs like BC,DE and HL
– ‘HL’ is also used as a memory pointer (ie., it holds 16-
bit address in indirect addressing mode)
• Note: It is not possible to perform ALU operations b/w these
register
Contd.,
Special Purpose Registers
• Accumulator: 8-bit
• Program Counter (PC) or Instruction Pointer (IP):
It is a 16-bit register which holds the address of
next instruction to be executed
• Stack Pointer (SP): It is a 16-bit register and holds
the address of the top of the stack
• Instruction Register (IR): It is 8-bit register used
to hold the instruction fetched from memory
• Instruction Decoder (ID) : It decodes the
instruction
Contd.,
• Flag (or) Status Register
– It is a 8-bit Register holds the status of ALU
operations
– 5 bits are used and remaining are unused

S Z X AC X P X CY
Contd.,
Interrupt Control
• 8085 has 5 interrupts
– INTR (Lowest Priority)
– RST 5.5
– RST 6.5
– RST 7.5
– TRAP (Highest Priority)
• An interrupt is acknowledged by 8085 through
INTA’ signal
Contd.,
Serial Control
• 8085 has one serial port
• This port has two signals
• Serial input data and Serial output data
Pin diagram of 8085
Contd.,
• AD0 – AD7 -- Address/Data Bus (input/output)
• A8 – A15 -- Address Bus (output)
• Control and Status Signals (all are outputs)
– ALE (Address Latch Enable)
– IO/M’ (Input-output/Memory)
– RD’(Read) – Read operation from memory(or)I/O
– WR’(Write)– Write operation from memory(or)I/O
– S0 & S1 – Status signals represent the status of µP
Contd.,
IO/M’ S1 S0 Operation

0 0 0 High Impedance

0 0 1 Memory Read

0 1 0 Memory Write

0 1 1 Op code Fetch

1 0 0 Halt

1 0 1 I/O Read

1 1 0 I/O Write

1 1 1 Interrupt Acknowledge
Contd.,
• Interrupts and externally initiated signals
– INTR (Input)
– RST 5.5, 6.5 & 7.5 (Input) – Restart Interrupts
– TRAP (Input) – Non maskable interrupt
– INTA’ (Output) – Interrupt Acknowledge
– HOLD (Input) – Request for Bus by I/O or DMA
controller
– HLDA (Output) – Hold acknowledge
– RESETIN’ (Input) – Resets the Microprocessor
– RESET OUT (output) – Indicates CPU is being reset
– READY (Input) – Indication to CPU whether memory
(or) I/O device is ready for data transfer
Contd.,
• Serial I/O port Signals
– SID (Input) – Serial Input Data
– SOD (Output) – Serial Output Data
• Power supply & clock frequency signals
– VCC (Input) : +5V
– VSS (Input ) : Ground reference
– X1 and X2 (Input) : To be connected to Crystal oscillator. Frequency
generated by crystal is divided by two and then used by µP
– CLK (Output) : clock from µP. User can used this for synchronizing
external circuits
Addressing Modes of 8085
1. Immediate Addressing Mode
 MVI A, 30H
2. Register Addressing Mode
 MOV A, B
3. Direct Addressing Mode
 LDA 3000H
4. Register Indirect Addressing Mode
 LXI H, 2500 H
 MOV A, M
5. Implicit Addressing Mode
 CMA
Instruction Set of 8085
1. Data transfer Instructions
2. Arithmetic Instructions
3. Bit Manipulation Instructions
4. Program Execution Transfer Instructions
5. Processor Control Instructions (NOP & HLT)

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