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Unit 1 3 1 to 8 of
stand bananas and coffee! It’s a bit
uncanny really. Is it something she’s 2 about 9 century
passed on to me genetically, or is it 3 like 10 assumed /
1A Memories page 3 learned behaviour? Who knows? 4 of thought /
1 See exercise 2 2  5
6
any
fought
believed
11 between
1 I take after my mum
2 1 disorientated 5 withdrawn 7 granted 12 Although
2 the spitting image
2 distraught 6 preoccupied
3 a strong family resemblance 4 1 F 2 T 3 F 4 F 5 T
3 bewildered 7 circumspect
between
4 overwhelmed 5 1 ignore
4 lot of my dad’s traits
3 1 f hindsight 4 c evocative 5 comes to, more in common 2 broadened out
2 a recall 5 b recollection 6 she’s passed on to me 3 a shred
3 d reminisce 6 e ingrained genetically 4 plausible
5 obsolete
4 1 I’ve asked you time and time 3 1 There’s a strong resemblance
again to keep the noise down. between Paul and Joe. 1D Sporting origins page 6–7
2 She recognised him at once. 2 Phobias can be genetically
3 He’s working at his father’s shop inherited. 1 1 staunchly / resolutely
for the time being. 3 When it comes to politics, 2 By and large
4 They’ll be here any moment now. Edward and his dad have a lot in 3 swiftly
5 Everybody makes mistakes once common. 4 loosely
in a while. 4 Luke is the spitting image of Matt 5 categorically
6 My brother was still a baby at the Damon. 6 widely
time. 5 Personality-wise, I take after my 7 resolutely / staunchly
mum. 8 strictly
5 unaffected inappropriate
9 gravely
immobile disapproval 4 1 never used to
irresponsible illogical 2 always used to 2 A France B USA C USA
6 1 self-employed 4 supersensitive 3 used to 3 1 A 2 C 3 C 4 A 5 B
2 undercooked 5 co-starred 4 would help / helped 6 C 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 A
3 anticlockwise 6 misheard 5 didn’t use to 11 A 12 B
6 was thinking
1B Inheritance page 4 7 didn’t use 4 1 F 2 F 3 T 4 F 5 T 6 F
8 used to resent 5 1 railings 5 accomplishes
1 1 T 2 F 3 F 4 T 5 T 9 are forever mistaking 2 vault 6 took off
Transcript WB 01 10 think 3 heroic exploits 7 emulating
Hmm. That’s a very interesting question
11 didn’t / didn’t use to 4 subterfuge 8 surge
... Well, physically, I take after my mum, 12 say
13 don’t / won’t Challenge! Students’ own answers
I suppose. Our facial features are pretty
similar – same eyes, same-shaped 14 borrowed
forehead. I’ve seen photos of her when
1E Phrasal verbs page 8
5 (possible answers)
she was my age and apart from the 1 1 go ahead 5 come to
eighties hairstyle we’re the spitting 1 Well, you will go to bed late every
night. 2 fall through 6 bring about
image of each other! Some people
2 Well, you will refuse to wear a 3 tip off 7 go down with
say that they can see a strong family
coat. 4 mistake for 8 come up with
resemblance between my dad and me.
I can’t see it myself, not facially anyway 3 Well, she would keep driving too 2 1 bring about 5 go ahead
– although there are certain similarities fast in the town. 2 fall through 6 go down with
in our physical build. I also seem to 4 Well, he would keep misbehaving 3 tip off 7 come to
have inherited his big feet, unluckily in class. 4 come up with 8 mistake for
for me. It was the first thing my parents 5 Well, you would keep eating too
noticed when I was born! 3 1 Laura was offered a place at
much.
Personality-wise, I’ve got a lot of my Manchester University but she
dad’s traits in me. We’re both quite
bubbly and friendly (or so people
1C The origins of English turned it down.
page 5 2 Whilst some people are in favour
say), and we share quite a laid-back
of the monarchy, others think we
approach to life. When it comes to 1 1 Anglo-Saxon 8 Conquest
taste, though, I reckon I’ve got more should do away with it.
2 farming 9 printing press 3 I keep meaning to sort out my
in common with my mum. She’s got
a knack of choosing really brilliant 3 borrowed 10 dictionaries photos but I never get round to it.
birthday presents for me, be it clothes, 4 alphabet 11 spelling 4 After my boyfriend broke off our
pictures or whatever, basically because 5 Old Norse 12 influenced relationship I bought some new
she likes the same kinds of things 6 evolve 13 non-native clothes to cheer myself up.
as I do. We also share a liking for the 7 disappeared 5 My father was offered a job in
same kinds of food, like olives and New York but after thinking it
strawberries, and neither of us can 2 A honeymoon B salary C posh
over he decided not to go for it.

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4 1 let me down Leo Well, in some parts of Africa and
2 been thrown away Asia there are thousands of people
3 brought up suffering from blindness caused by a
4 to put up with lack of vitamin A. Now there’s a new
5 be looked after type of rice which has been engineered
to contain massive amounts of vitamin
6 drop me off
A. So there you are ... problem solved!
7 to lay off Rosie Yeah, these are good
8 turned up intentions, but not if we end up
poisoning people in the long run. I
1F Discussion page 9 don’t know, I just find the whole thing
unnatural. I don’t think we have a right
1 1 laboratory 5 crops
to ‘play God’ in this way.
2 controversy 6 harmful Leo I see what you mean. But to be
3 discredited 7 term honest with you, people have been
4 campaign 8 crisis crossing breeds for hundreds of years.
It’s just the methods that are new.
2 a, c, e, f Rosie Well, I think we’re going to
Transcript WB 02 have to agree to disagree here ...
Anyway, talking about food, what shall
Leo Did you watch that documentary we ...?
about the latest advances in
genetically modified food? They’ve 3 
developed a way of genetically 1 unknown
adapting pigs so that they produce 2 consequences
low-fat bacon. 3 tolerate extreme
Rosie Well, I won’t be eating it. 4 disapprove of
Leo Why not? What’s the big fuss 5 long run
about GM food?
6 to disagree
Rosie It’s unknown territory. We
don’t know enough about what effects
it may have on the human body. You
4 
know, they talk about how GM food 1 h✓ 2 e 3 d✓ 4 a✓
could affect our digestion, cause 5 b✓ 6 c 7 f 8 g
allergies, that sort of thing.
5 1 unfriendly
Leo There’s a lot of controversy
around it, but no actual evidence to 2 incorrect
prove that GM food does us any harm. 3 completely
Rosie I don’t agree with that 4 totally
argument, I’m afraid. There may be no 5 perfectly
evidence right now, but it’s the long- 6 wrong
term effects that I’m concerned about. 7 virtually
Leo Well any change has potential 8 highly
consequences. You could make exactly
the same argument against mobile 6 Students’ own answers
phones, or any new technology. Of
course they may have harmful side 1G Describing an event
effects but you have to weigh those up page 10
against their huge benefits.
Rosie Like what? 1 1 like 4 as 7 as
Leo For a start, it could help solve 2 like 5 as
the world food crisis, by creating food 3 as if 6 as
crops which can tolerate extreme
agricultural conditions, like droughts
2 1 I opened the door.
or floods. It can help farmers in 2 irritated
developing countries produce more 3 as red as a beetroot
food.
3 1 unwilling
Rosie Er, no, starvation in developing
2 apprehensive
countries isn’t about the quantity of
food produced – it’s just that it is not 3 perplexed
distributed to the right places. So that 4 remorseful
argument doesn’t make sense – try 5 uptight
another one! 6 petrified
Leo All right, that’s a fair point I
4–5 Students’ own answers
suppose ... but what about using GM
food to fight malnutrition? Surely you
can’t disapprove of that?
Rosie All right, give me an example.

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2C Arthur Miller and All my

Unit 2 sons page 13
5 Because the boys are in the
middle of a frenzied feast.
6 He realises that the boys have
2A Compound adjectives 1 1 dramatist behaved in an unacceptable
page 11 2 immigrant way and have lost touch with
1 Across 3 experienced ‘civilised’ society.
1 broad 5 handed 4 hardship
5 overemphasis 4 1 stumble upon 6 disprove
2 hair 7 witted 2 summon 7 dwindled
3 cool 8 skinned 6 status
7 prestigious 3 urge 8 ensues
4 assured 4 frenzy 9 savage
Down 8 awards
9 guilty 5 lurking
1 blooded 6 action
2 hearted 10 undermining Challenge! Students’ own answers
11 sympathies
2 1 time-consuming 12 verdict 2E Narrative tenses page 16
2 long-lasting
3 light-hearted 2 That he was responsible not only for 1 1 past perfect continuous
4 absent-minded his family but also to wider society. 2 past simple
5 wide-eyed 3 1 set 7 on 3 past continuous
6 fair-skinned 2 tells 8 on 4 future in the past
3 made 9 for 5 past perfect
3 1 well-behaved 6 used to
2 far-reaching 4 during / in 10 that
3 strange-sounding 5 who 11 only / just 2 a 2 b 6 c 4 d 1 e 3 f 5
4 eye-catching 6 over 12 why
3 1 been seeing
5 opening 4 1 Because the planes they were 2 have gone
6 shoe-string flying had faulty parts which 3 looked
7 heart-throb caused them to crash. 4 forgotten
8 blockbusters 2 He says he did it for his family 5 was taking
Challenge! Students’ own answers and for Chris’s future. 6 been waiting, forgotten
3 Because although the pilots are
4 There was once a wolf who used to
2B What’s on the box? prepared to give their lives in
wander out every night in search of
page 12 the service of their country, their
deaths are a result of Joe’s lack of a lamb for his dinner. But recently
1 1 rubbish 8 as a sense of service to wider society. this wolf has had been having
2 well-drawn 9 series 4 They were horrified by it. difficulty getting enough to eat
3 story-lines 10 half 5 Both attack the ‘American because the shepherds in the
4 unlike 11 set Dream’ as a way of life with its area were particularly vigilant. One
5 such as 12 unwind overemphasis on making money. day he was coming came across
6 portrayed 13 slushy a sheep’s fleece which a sheep
7 like 5 1 protagonist 4 livelihood shearer had been throwing thrown
2 exonerated 5 integrity on the floor and forgotten. It had
2 1 like 5 like 3 deceit 6 reiterated given gave the wolf a cunning
2 as 6 as idea. He decided that later he is
3 like 7 as 2D Lord of the Flies was going to put on the fleece.
4 like 8 Unlike page 14–15 Thus disguised he would be able
3 1 I sometimes do my homework 1 1 dismal to sneak up on the sheep without
in front of the TV, as does my 2 vicious the shepherd noticing him. So that
brother. 3 wailed / was wailing evening, just as the sun had been
2 She talks about soap opera 4 scrambled was setting, he went out in his new
characters like they are real 5 ungracious disguise. He was strolling strolled
people. 6 smudged confidently into a field where some
3 Her father works as a TV 7 twitch sheep grazed were grazing. He
producer. 8 mimicking had spotted a juicy-looking lamb
4 Unlike Kate, I don’t like reality and was just going to pounce on it,
shows. 2 1 E 2 B 3 D 4 H 5 G when a shepherd, who looked was
5 I love animated films such as 6 C 7 A looking for a sheep to slaughter
Ratatouille. 3 1 The boys were being evacuated for his own dinner, quickly was
6 I don’t watch a lot of television, from a war zone. grabbing grabbed the wolf, thinking
like Steve. 2 He is the holder of the conch, which it was a sheep, and killed it.

4 Students’ own answers is seen as a symbol of authority. 5 Students’ own answers

3 They are worried that there is some
sort of beast lurking on the island. 6 1 c 2 a 3 g 4 d 5 f 6 e
4 He promises to protect them from 7 b 8 h 9 j 10 i
the beast. 7 Students’ own answers

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2F Photo comparison 2G Review page 18 • Writing: Read through and discuss

page 17 the tasks together, then refer
1 1 all-time students to the Writing Bank for
1 1 skipping 5 kicked 2 highly acclaimed guidance. Students plan an article
2 get 6 kick 3 divided or review to be written at home or
3 hanging 7 sleeping 4 story in class.
4 walked 8 hang 5 involving • Speaking: Elicit strategies for the
6 consequences task from the students. Remind
2 Sample answers them to talk about each picture,
7 strengths
1 they both show a person or comparing / contrasting them
8 ability
people who are travelling rather than just describing them.
9 times
2 the first photo shows a man who If necessary, in a weaker class,
10 ending
is alone and the second photo brainstorm ideas about both
11 lovers
shows a group of people pictures before starting. Students
12 recommend
3 in the first picture, the man work in pairs to do the task.
appears to have a lot of luggage 2 1 a fairly complex novel • Reading: 1 F, 2 C, 3 E, 4 A, 5 B, 6 G
and is in an airport setting, 2 extremely well-observed • Use of English: 1 c, 2 b, 3 b, 4 b,
whereas in the other picture, the 3 utterly superb 5 d, 6 d, 7 d, 8 d, 9 d, 10 c
group are travelling without any 4 a little cheated • Listening: 1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 d
luggage and are possibly in a 5 highly recommend
Transcript WB 05
train compartment
3 1 perspectives About 9,000 years ago, when migrating
3 See transcript 2 atone for hunter-gatherer societies turned to the
3 well-observed settled life of farming, they began to
Transcript WB 03 4 a real page-turner develop ways to record the number of
The photos are similar in that they both 5 futility animals they owned, or the amount
show people who have just arrived as of crops, and to keep a calendar for
immigrants in a foreign country. The 4 Students’ own answers proper crop planting. The first attempts
most obvious difference between the at writing it all down were ‘clay
photos is that the first picture shows Get ready for your exam 1 counting tokens’, which were found in
a man who is alone and the second page 19–20 the region which is now modern Turkey
shows a group of people who have • The Workbook Get ready for your and Syria. These tokens were simply
travelled together. The man in the first exam lessons can be used as extra lumps of clay shaped like spheres,
picture is at what looks like an airport, classroom lessons, as controlled disks or cones and could either be
so he may have travelled legally, exam practice or as independent plain or decorated. Each of them stood
whereas those in the second picture for one word. However, carrying them
study for homework. All the audio
seem to have travelled in the back of a around was bothersome and gradually
material for the listening tasks is on
lorry, presumably illegally. a transition from three-dimensional
the Solutions Multi-ROM.
tokens to two-dimensional signs
4 Students’ own answers • Reading: Elicit strategies for dealing began. Around 4000 BC the ancient
with the sentence insertion task.
5 See transcript Remind the students to identify the
Sumerian scribes started to imprint
shapes into clay tablets to represent
Transcript WB 04 topic of each paragraph, and the the tokens. Now one tablet could
function of each missing sentence. contain more than one word.
The man in the first photo seems to • In a weaker class, work on the first Originally, these pictures simply
have a huge amount of luggage with
gap together, identifying the topic represented whole concepts such as
him. I imagine he is planning to stay
before and after the gap and looking names and numbers. But with time
for a long time. He looks bewildered
for clues as to what is missing. they were simplified and refined
and rather disorientated. It must feel
lonely and pretty overwhelming to go
• Remind the students to make sure, and eventually evolved into signs
after they have finished the task, representing the consonants of the
to a country where everything feels
that the remaining sentence does language. The first true alphabet was
unfamiliar, including the language.
not fit in any of the gaps. the Semitic alphabet which appeared
He’s probably feeling anxious about
• Use of English: Encourage the around 1700 BC, followed, about 700
finding a job and somewhere to live.
students to read the whole text years later, by the Phoenician system.
I guess he must be missing his family
first to grasp the overall meaning. At this point the alphabet as we know
too. I wonder if he has emigrated
Remind them to focus on it today was almost in its final form.
because he wants to escape a political
The final touch was added by the early
regime that he doesn’t agree with. Or grammatical correctness within the
Greeks, who introduced vowel symbols
he might be an economic migrant who whole article.
to their alphabet. The descendants of
has come here in search of a better • Listening: Remind the students
this alphabet were Latin and Cyrillic,
standard of living. that in this type of task the order of which were then spread far and wide
the statements fits the order of the
6  information in the recording. Tell
by their respective users. The fact that
Latin was the official alphabet of the
1 seems to 5 probably them to prepare for the listening Roman Empire, which at one point
2 imagine 6 guess, must be by reading the sentences carefully covered most of Europe, helped to
3 looks 7 wonder and underlining any key words. establish this alphabet as the accepted
4 must 8 might Encourage them to eliminate the way of writing across the continent.
7 Students’ own answers wrong answers as well as identifying Along with their alphabet the Romans
the correct one. Play the recording popularised the particular way in which
twice. they wrote their letters – the script.

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The reason behind the shapes of the
early Roman script is very simple:
the Romans loved writing on their
buildings. The technique of engraving
letters onto stone requires letters
made up mostly of straight lines.
This script was the ancestor of the
‘Times New Roman’ font we find on
our computer screens today. Another
feature familiar to computer users is
‘italics’. Initially, characters written by
hand resembled the carved letters, but
gradually scholars began to change
the form of their writing, slanting
letters and connecting them. The
credit for inventing Roman script using
capitals and small letters goes to Aldus
Manutius of Venice, in 1495 AD. The old
Roman capitals and Greek letter forms
were thus transformed into the twenty-
six alphabet letters that we know
today, with both upper and lower-case
letters in common use by the end of
the sixteenth century.

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Unit 3 5 1 ’ve been trying

one that I’ll always turn to in times of
need because I know that she really 2 haven’t been
understands me and she knows that 3 ’ve got
3A Relationships page 21 she can always lean on me too. 4 ’ve been sharing
Speaker 3 I met Jacob when we were 5 has only recently arrived
1 1 form at art college. I was really drawn to him
2 (across) return 6 ’s been staying
because he had such a brilliant sense
2 (down) resolve of humour. In our first year we did 7 hasn’t shown
3 take everything together, Jacob and I. 8 hasn’t shown
4 major I confided in him, told him all my 9 hasn’t made
5 voice deepest worries and insecurities. 10 has been hanging out
6 close We were best mates as far as I was 11 have had
7 speak concerned. In our second year, I went 12 haven’t kicked
through a very painful split with my
2 make a lasting impression girlfriend and felt really awful about it. 3C Marriage in the UK
remain close friends But I knew Jacob would be supportive page 23
have a blazing row and would help me find the will to carry
show a keen interest on during this time, or at least so I 1 1 big day
thought. As it turned out, he just didn’t 2 ceremony, reception
give an honest answer
want to know, he basically just dumped 3 venues
3 1 an honest answer me, and found himself a new friend 4 register
2 a blazing row that he could go out and have a good 5 willing
3 a lasting impression time with. Oh well, it’s his loss!
6 knot
4 close friends Speaker 4 Gill and I have known
each other for about two years – since 7 civil
5 a keen interest 8 brides, engagement
I joined St Mary’s school. We get on
4 1 soaking 5 fighting pretty well, on a superficial level at 2 A ‘hag night’ is a celebration for
2 fast 6 wide least, and tend to socialise in the staff
someone who is about to get
3 pitch 7 bone room. I’ve been in trouble a couple of
married where both men and
4 boiling 8 brand times recently over issues such as not
getting paperwork done on time and women celebrate together. ‘Hag’ is a
Challenge! each time Gill has stepped in to defend mixture of ‘stag’ and ‘hen’.
1 gets on my nerves me. I can always rely on her to be on 3 1 to
2 get out of hand my side in those situations. Life can
2 of
3 side by side be pretty stressful for a newly qualified
teacher like me so I really appreciate
3 by
4 mutually supportive relationship 4 like / such as
having supportive colleagues like Gill!
5 took it the wrong way 5 from
6 to make a living 2  6 According
1 got me through 7 to
3B Friends page 22 2 turn to in times 8 which
1  3
4
can always lean on me
find the will to carry on
9
10
due to / because of / by
far / much / rather
1 acquaintance
2 soulmate 5 to be on my side 11 while
3 fair-weather friend 12 as
3 1 Tim and Fiona have had their ups
4 workmate and downs. 4 1 T 2 F 3 F 4 F 5 T 6 F
2 Jenna knows me inside out.
Transcript WB 06
3 Steve and Jess have fallen out 3D Love conquers all
Speaker 1 There’s a guy I often page 24–25
and aren’t speaking to each
bump into at parties called Jordan.
I’m not sure where he lives exactly
other.
1 1 plunge
but I presume it’s somewhere nearby 4 Matt and I have been through a
2 count
as I often see him taking his dog for a lot together.
3 conviction
walk in the park opposite my house. 5 Becky and I go back eight years
4 exiled
Whenever I see him we have a bit or so.
5 reprimand
of a chat, and often end up talking 6 I’ve opened up to her a lot over
about football or generally putting the 6 embraced
the years.
world to rights. He seems like a really 7 raid
interesting guy. 4 1 I’ve just eaten a whole chilli! e 8 outflank
Speaker 2 Ruth and I go back about 2 He’s driven vans before. b 9 escorted
fifteen years – although we didn’t 3 She’s had a virus for the last few 10 detour
particularly hit it off at first for some days. d
reason. It was only when her family 2 1 through the Internet
4 I’ve been waiting over an hour for
moved into our neighbourhood that we 2 via a crossword
a bus. I’m going to walk. f
became very close and we’ve remained 3 it was completely successful
5 I’ve been revising for the last two
so ever since. I went through a really
hours. c 3 1 T He considered giving chase, but
tough time just before my A levels: I
had some family problems which left 6 He’s been spending more time there’s a fine line between blind
me feeling pretty low and she really got with his family lately. a love and stalking.
me through all that. Even now she’s the

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2 F ... then he waited ... for four 2 go on, remember, stop, try Alex All right, now are there any
torturous months drawbacks that you can think of?
3 1 to come 8 to take on Charlotte Well, what puts me off
3 T Then a brainstorm: the Internet.
2 to solve 9 writing slightly is the location. It’s in a tiny
/ That night, he set up a website
3 to do 10 to have village which is only accessible by car,
4 T And in the back of Camille’s
4 to become 11 killed and I don’t imagine everyone will to
mind, a nagging thought: Who is
5 to attract 12 to bring want to drive.
this guy? Alex Well, I suppose there are ways
6 creating 13 to write
5 F ... but this was information around that. We could hire a coach to
7 to believe
overload. So Aric produced a ring transport people there. Yes, I think this
and asked, ‘Will you marry me, 4 1 She’s given up smoking. one’s definitely worth considering.
Jennie?’ 2 Do you happen to know Karen’s Charlotte Okay, well, before we make
6 F We were uncertain how to act e-mail? any hasty decisions, let’s move onto
around each other 3 He failed to break the world the last option. I think you’re going to
7 T ... along with a portrait of record. like this too.
himself with this disclaimer 4 He seems to be feeling better. Alex ... that’s the London Eye?
Charlotte Yes! They have a licence to
pointed at his head: ‘Not insane.’ 5 I don’t anticipate their arriving
hold civil ceremonies there. Wouldn’t it
8 F ... had dated for four years and before midnight. be so fantastic to get married up there
never seriously discussed marriage. 6 The roof appears to have been in the sky with those amazing views?
Why mess up a good thing? damaged in the storm. Alex It would be brilliant! But ... how
9 F … she was struck by the 7 We shouldn’t let him get away would all of our guests fit into one of
number of clues that matched up with it. those capsules? And the other thing
with people and places in her life 8 Mike had his wallet stolen is, what about Jack, my best man? He’s
yesterday. petrified of heights!
4 1 exchange Charlotte That’s true ... and anyway,
2 take 5 1 turning perhaps the whole thing is a little
3 pluck up 2 being told bit gimmicky. All right, on reflection,
4 set up 3 to be / have been handed maybe we should reject that option
5 have 4 to see / recognise then. So shall we go for the Riverside?
6 assume 5 having Alex Yes. I’ll go along with that.

5 1 (she) had second thoughts 3F Negotiation page 27 3 

2 plucked up the courage 1 It has quite a lot going for it, in
3 took a deep breath 1 1 architecture 5 spectacular my opinion.
4 set up a website 2 arguably 6 unforgettable 2 Are there any drawbacks that you
5 exchanged glances 3 stunning 7 descent can think of?
6 assume a / the pose 4 setting 3 What puts me off slightly is the
location.
Challenge! 2  4 I think this one’s definitely worth
1 a lot of people rushed in They chose Riverside Hotel. Grand
considering.
2 I didn’t want to make her feel Hotel: interior too old-fashioned;
5 I suppose there are ways around
uncomfortable London Eye: best man scared of
that.
3 GMA saw a great love story and heights, a bit gimmicky
6 On reflection, maybe we should
rushed to cover it
4 But suddenly receiving a lot of
Transcript WB 07 reject that option.
Charlotte Right, so the first venue is 7 I’ll go along with that.
media attention
5 he told them about his idea. They the Grand Hotel.
Alex The one in Park Street? Isn’t that
4 Students’ own answers
accepted it immediately
rather posh? 3G An article page 28
Charlotte Come on! You only get
3E Verb patterns page 26
married once, Alex ... hopefully. 1 1 boasts 7 home
1 Anyway, it’s more affordable than you’d 2 blessed 8 renowned
think and actually it has quite a lot 3 back 9 lined
-ing form infinitive either going for it, in my opinion.
4 array 10 from
Alex Let me see the photo of the
anticipate allow go on 5 throw 11 plays
interior ... Mmm, impressive, but I’m
be used to be made hate 6 thing 12 fancy
not so keen on the decor. It’s a bit old-
enjoy choose love fashioned for my liking.
feel like claim remember 2 ancient treasures (old treasures)
Charlotte So you’re not convinced? contemporary dress (modern dress)
give up demand stop Alex Not really. Show me the next
recall fail try fascinating collection (interesting
option.
risk guarantee Charlotte The next one is the collection)
spend time happen Riverside Hotel just outside Stoughton. immense array (large array)
have yet Alex Now that looks much more our vast proportion (huge proportion) /
manage style. just how vast the site really is (just
pretend Charlotte Yes, true, and it serves how large…) / vast array (large array)
refuse excellent food apparently, and there’s a
seem stunning bridge over the river where we 3–4 Students’ own answers
take years can stand for the wedding photos.
tend

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4C Protest songs
Unit 4 page 31 5 hadn’t been / weren’t / wasn’t,
wouldn’t be, would have been
1 1 Performers, free saved / would be saved
4A Describing change 2 abolish, captivity
page 29 3 significance, political 2 1 stole, do
4 environmental, economic 2 been for, have got
1 1 convert 4 transform 3 took
2 adapt 5 evolve 5 condemn
4 Should you need
3 adjust 6 refine 2 A civil rights worker was murdered 5 could remember
2 1 conversion in Mississippi and four black 6 hadn’t spent
2 transformation children were murdered at a church
in Alabama. In the song Simone 3 1 I would be able to come to the
3 evolution cinema on Saturday if I hadn’t
4 adjustment rejects the idea that African-
Americans shouldn’t expect fast agreed to babysit.
5 adaptation 2 I wouldn’t be feeling tired if I
6 adjustments change.
hadn’t gone to bed at four in the
3 1 heart 5 direction 3 1 at 7 had morning.
2 ways 6 tune 2 for 8 In 3 He wouldn’t have been kicked
3 better 7 plan 3 of 9 the out of school if he wasn’t bone
4 hands 8 mind 4 her 10 which / that idle.
5 where 11 many 4 I would have asked him to help
Challenge! 6 but 12 abroad / overseas with the party if he weren’t (so)
1 better 4 streamline unreliable.
2 untouched 5 running 4 1 She played classical, jazz,
soul, gospel and pop music, 5 He would have called you if he
3 ease had your number.
composed songs, played the
4B Life changes page 30 piano and sang. 4 1 If you don’t have ID, you won’t
2 Her parents were asked to move get into that club.
1 1 terms 9 idle from the front row to the back of 2 Without your encouragement /
2 apply 10 awful the hall because they were black. If it hadn’t been for your
3 expected 11 stable Nina refused to play until her encouragement, I would never
4 far 12 quite parents sat at the front again. have pursued my acting career.
5 responsible 13 confrontational 3 Because she was disgusted at 3 You can go the party provided
6 steadily 14 frustration the racism which continued to be that you are home by midnight.
7 carefree 15 thing a problem in the USA. 4 Supposing you could live for
8 sight ever, would you really want to?
Challenge! Students’ own answers
2 1 c 2 a, b, d 3 a, d 4 b, c 5 If he’d beaten her at tennis, it

3 1 Girls mature a good / great deal

4D A new direction would have been an absolute
page 32–33 miracle.
more quickly than boys.
2 I am quite a lot less 1 1 overbearing 5 protracted 5 1 If you have, Should you have
confrontational than I was when I 2 stormy 6 competitive 2 If Dad found out, If Dad were to
was a kid. 3 brief 7 impressionable find out, Were Dad to find out
3 I’m not quite as self-centred as I 4 enforced 8 uplifting 3 If it weren’t, Were it not
was when I was younger. 4 If it hadn’t, Had it not
4 Mark is the tallest in our class by 2 1 David Weir 5 If I had, Had I
a long way. 2 Ester Vergeer
5 My A levels were far more difficult 3 Eleanor Simmonds 4F Discussion page 35
than other exams I’ve taken. 3 1 b 2 d 3 c 4 c 5 a 6 b 1 1 a multi-storey car park
4 1 The later you are, the angrier 4 1 reveal 5 refusal 2 a pedestrianised street
he’ll be. 2 notch up 6 overhaul 3 a chain store
2 The sooner we start, the sooner 3 accommodate 7 irreparable 4 disabled access
we can finish. 4 mollycoddle 8 shrewd 5 a cycle rack
3 The more tired she is, the more 6 a pedestrian crossing
bad-tempered she gets. Challenge! Students’ own answers 7 a water feature
4 The harder you work, the more 8 a shopping mall
money you’ll earn.
4E Conditionals page 34 9 a landscaped area
5 The further he is from home, the 1 1 hadn’t invented, would be 2 1 proposals 5 within
more homesick he feels. 2 didn’t exist, would have 2 criteria 6 affordable
6 The more sophisticated the emigrated / would emigrate, 3 renewable 7 developed
computer, the more likely it is to wouldn’t be 4 conservation
go wrong. 3 weren’t, wouldn’t have
Challenge! Students’ own answers developed 3 
4 were / was, would have been Speaker 1 ✓ Speaker 3 7
killed Speaker 2 7 Speaker 4 ✓

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Transcript WB 08 2 1 just / only Transcript WB 09
Speaker 1 To my mind, schemes like 2 because Host ... and our guest now is Max
this that encourage people to adopt 3 almost Perry, the managing director of a
greener lifestyles can only be a step 4 or website that helps people make their
in the right direction. Personally, I 5 well / already dreams come true. Welcome to our
think it would be wonderful to live in 6 think / believe / predict programme, Max.
the pollution-free environment of an 7 in MP Hello everyone, glad to be here.
eco-town and I would love the idea 8 much But let me be clear on something –
that everybody who lives there would 9 likely we help in the search for happiness,
be like-minded people who share the but we don’t make it happen. And
same attitude to the environment as me. 3 1 to 4 as we give no guarantees and take no
Speaker 2 The government is 2 likely 5 of responsibility for the outcome ...
trying to persuade us that these 3 chance / possibility Host Well, of course, all is fair in love
carbon-neutral eco-towns are going and war ...
to be environmentally friendly. Well, 4–5 Students’ own answers MP Speaking of which, let me tell
that’s not how I see it at all. The way you a story about both. There was this
I envisage it, they’ll just become Get ready for your exam 2 charming army officer who was sent
commuter towns, where residents go page 37–38 overseas with his unit and claimed to
home to sleep after a day’s work in • Reading: Elicit strategies for dealing be lonely and misunderstood. He got
the city. The roads around it will get with multiple-choice reading tasks. in touch with a woman via our site and
congested so any savings on energy Encourage the students to begin seduced her with romantic messages.
will be immediately wiped out by with reading the text through to get She was planning marriage when she
increased car use. I think they should the general idea before they start found out that something was wrong
concentrate instead on building with her Mr Right. Do you know what
answering the questions. Remind
sustainable buildings in existing towns. was wrong with him? Our Romeo had
them to underline the fragments of
That would seem like the best option no fewer than 50 fiancées. I’m sorry to
the text where they have found the
to me. say he met every single one of them on
Speaker 3 I’m a resident of a village right answers, and to eliminate the our dating website and dated them via
which is situated next to one of the wrong options. e-mail. But, you see, we cannot be held
sites which has been earmarked for an • Use of English: Encourage the responsible for that...
eco-town. For me a major drawback of students to read the whole text Host Oh, sure you can’t! But 50?! And
the whole idea is that they’re going to first to grasp the overall meaning. how did he get discovered? I mean,
tear up the beautiful green landscape Remind them that the missing e-mails are private ...
in order to create a horrible, soulless words are often grammar words, MP In fact, one of these women did
town. How can they call that green? prepositions or articles. After the eventually hack into his e-mail account,
Speaker 4 There’s a lot of students have filled all the gaps, stole his e-mails and circulated them
controversy around these eco-towns. encourage them to read out the among the rest. They were outraged!
Some people are against them text to make sure their answers fit But actually, the scheme got exposed
because they have concerns about grammatically and logically. when one of his betrothed appeared
traffic congestion and I think that’s • Listening: Remind the students on TV to talk about the pain and pride
a fair point. But others are against that in this type of task the order of that soldiers’ spouses feel. Another
them because they don’t want to see the statements fits the order of the bride-to-be watched the show, got
the countryside being concreted over. information in the recording. Tell suspicious, started investigating and
I’m afraid I don’t go along with that them to prepare for the listening by found the others. Now, you won’t
objection. I don’t believe affluent reading the sentences carefully and believe this, but although none of
people with their big country houses them had actually met the guy, many
underlining any key words. Remind
have a right to complain about their had bought wedding dresses and were
them that if the statement is not fully
views being spoiled when there are ready to march down the aisle! Others
true, they should mark it as false.
thousands of people from urban areas were buying pillows and dishes or
that can’t afford homes at all. So all • Writing: Read through and discuss preparing to sell their houses for him!
in all, I couldn’t agree more with the the tasks together, then refer Host Wow! They were really ready to
government’s proposals. students to the Writing Bank for take a chance on this guy. They must
guidance. Students plan an article have been pretty angry when they
4  or essay to be written at home or in found out. So, did they sue him?
1 mind, step, right class. MP Oh yes! But guess what really got
2 Personally • Speaking: Elicit strategies for the to them? It wasn’t that our Romeo had
3 how, see tasks from the students. If necessary, proposed to all of them. In fact, once
4 best option to in a weaker class, brainstorm ideas it was over, most were baffled by their
5 major drawback of before starting. Students work in own behaviour. And then, listen to
6 fair point pairs to do each task. this, it turned out the guy was already
• Reading: 1 D, 2 B, 3 A, 4 C, 5 B married. But that still wasn’t it. In fact,
7 afraid, go along
• Use of English: 1 had, 2 against, the most infuriating thing was the fact
8 all, all, couldn’t, more that their ex-fiancé wasn’t as tall as
3 on, 4 both, 5 more, 6 who,
5 Students’ own answers 7 whose, 8 been, 9 interest, 10 are he claimed to be. You see our dating
• Listening: 1 F, 2 F, 3 F, 4 T, 5 T, 6 F, service is for Tall Singles who want
4G Discursive essay page 36 7 F, 8 F Tall Partners. And so these women
believed what he had told them – that
1 doctors, gene therapy, lifestyle, he was 190 cm tall. He is in fact about
microscopic computers, pollution- 20 cm shorter.
related disease

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Host That is one of the problems with
Internet dating, isn’t it? You have to
trust people, based on what they tell
you.
MP Exactly. And our administration
received hundreds of calls about it and
of course we took this man off the site.
But guys like him prey on the growing
popularity of Internet dating services.
And it is growing. Last year alone we
launched eleven such services helping
people with particular preferences to
find their perfect match. There is the
‘Green Singles’ and ‘Salt ’n’ Pepper’ for
vegetarians and seniors respectively,
and ‘Love Wheels’ for car lovers. It’s a
great chance for those who still haven’t
found their soulmate. But these sites
can only work if the people are honest.
And that we cannot guarantee ...
Host But there are some happy
endings as well, right?
MP Oh yeah, dozens! For example,
there was this lady ...

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Unit 5 3 1
2
constructive
upsetting
7
8
slammed
raised
2 1
2
laughed off, incident
pronounced, dead
3 destructive 9 Oddly 3 take over, business
5A War and peace page 39 4 endless 10 draining 4 cause, pain
1 1 coalition 5 animated 11 disrespectful 5 take, risk
2 launched 6 heated 12 strengthen 6 shake off, image
3 capture 7 administered, heart massage
4 1 It’s time for them to start being
4 had been defeated 8 provoked mixed feelings
honest with each other.
5 insurgents 9 acquiring fame and fortune
2 It’s essential for you to stand
6 suicide bombings your ground in an argument. 3 1 Congress of Documentary Film
7 troops 3 My parents are very keen for me 2 United Nations
8 withdrawn to be a good role model for my 3 The Silent World
9 security brother. 4 Ted Turner
2 1 civil 4 allies 4 It would be a miracle for them to 5 the Calypso
2 defeat 5 released manage a day without arguing. 6 Cannes
3 retreat 6 disarm 5 It’s crucial for you to apologise 7 Émile Gagnan
for your rudeness. 8 Eighteen Metres Deep
3 1 ground, halt 6 It’d be better for me not to get
2 made, breakthrough 4 1 E 2 A 3 G 4 C 5 F
into a row with Tamsin – she
3 gave orders 6 H 7 B
hates conflict.
4 put up, resistance 5 1 staple
5 claimed victory 5 Students’ own answers
2 flora and fauna
6 suffered, casualties Challenge! Students’ own answers 3 layman
4 1 gun c 5 stick h 4 submerged
2 drop d 6 losing f 5C Fighting for equality 5 strapped
3 set e 7 wounds a
page 41 6 dump
4 bury g 8 boats b 1 1 campaigned 7 strike Challenge! Students’ own answers
2 right 8 fed
5B Family tensions page 40 3 held 9 suspended 5E Ellipsis page 44
1 1 F 2 T 3 F 4
5
petitions 10 urged
disobedience 11 indispensable
1 1 b did 4 f had
Transcript WB 10 2 d has 5 c would
6 arson 12 amended
3 a won’t 6 e do
On the whole, I don’t argue too much
2 18%
with my older sister, Tilly. I think it’s 2 1 –
got a lot to do with my temperament – I 3 1 not 7 to 2 ... she didn’t expect to
hate confrontation and avoid it like the 2 their 8 Although 3 –
plague. Having said that, there did use 3 couldn’t 9 under 4 ... if you’d like to
to be a little bit of friction between us.
4 for 10 as 5 –
When she was younger she begged
and begged our mum for a baby sister 5 at 11 when 6 ... I don’t want to
to play with but when I came along 6 up 12 would
3 1 will 4 should
she found it quite hard because she 4 1 Her strong personality enabled 2 do 5 has
suddenly had to vie for our parents’
her to be better than men. 3 can’t have 6 won’t have
attention. To be quite frank, I think
2 Women in parliament
she wished I hadn’t been born! But 4 1 didn’t mean to
she eventually got used to me being 3 9%
2 would have liked to / wanted to
around and clearly loves me to bits 4 That parliament tolerates sexism
3 don’t intend to
now. She still has major rows with our more readily than an office
4 don’t want to
parents sometimes, and I think the setting
5 would love to
fact that I rarely get into conflict with 5 Students’ own answers
them still makes her a little jealous of
6 won’t be able to
our relationship sometimes. But that’s Challenge! Students’ own answers
sibling rivalry for you – it’s very hard 5F Presentation page 45
to avoid! 5D Jacques-Yves Cousteau
page 42–43 1 Students’ own answers
2  1 1 administer a heart massage
2 a, d, e
1 plague
2 friction between 2 acquire fame and fortune Transcript WB 11
3 vie for 3 cause pain I’d like to state from the outset that
4 loves, bits 4 laugh off an incident I don’t agree that tougher prison
5 into conflict 5 pronounce dead sentences are the answer to knife
6 sibling 6 provoke mixed feelings crime since spending time in prison
7 shake off an image in the company of hardened criminals
8 take a risk is not going to make a young person
9 take over a business less likely to re-offend. Of course many
people would take a different view and
say that the threat of imprisonment

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is a good deterrent for any potential 5G Article: describing a
knife criminal. However, to my mind, person page 46
that argument doesn’t hold water since
most knife criminals don’t believe they 1 1 captivated 8 altruism
will get caught. It can also be argued 2 compelling 9 marriage
that for some criminals a spell in 3 gifted 10 courage
prison just adds to their tough image
4 uninterested 11 determination
and gives them increased respect in
5 achievement 12 generous
the eyes of some members of their
community. 6 literacy 13 poverty
The government has also attempted to 7 loyalty 14 inequality
tackle the problem with er ... what’s the 2 1 to boot
word? ... erm when they allow people
2 Apart from / In addition to
for a limited period of time to hand
in illegal knives and other weapons
3 along with / in addition to
without getting punished. Oh, yes ... an 4 Apart from / In addition to
amnesty. But I entirely reject the notion 3–4 Students’ own answers
that this is a useful strategy because
knife crimes are often committed using
knives that are easily obtained from
the kitchen drawer.
So I’d now like to deal with some
alternative solutions. One way forward
is for the government to educate
people better through, say, workshops
and school talks about the dangers of
carrying knives, making it clear that
knives make you less safe rather than
more safe, and could easily be turned
against you. I also think there could
be some merit in arranging meetings
between knife criminals and the knife
attack victims. This way people are
forced to face up to the consequences
of what they have done and I believe
it could have a far deeper impact
than imprisonment. Another effective
measure could be to arrange for
people who have been caught in the
possession of knives to visit prisons
and meet up with young people who
have been convicted of actually using
knives on other people.
To conclude, then, I’d like to reiterate
the point that I made earlier that knife
crime can’t be eradicated by stiffer
prison sentences.

3 
1 different view
2 doesn’t hold water
3 be argued
4 reject, notion
5 deal with
6 reiterate, point
4 1 b 2 c 3 b 4 c 5 a 6 d
5 1 admit 5 restate
2 on to 6 merit
3 hand 7 to
4 Returning to
6 1 b 2 a 3 c 4 d 5 d 6 b
7 a
7–8 Students’ own answers

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6C The European dream?

Unit 6 page 49
6 American men were more likely
to experience aggression in
dreams
6A Looking into the future 1 1 conflict 7 School, work and family life
page 47 2 minister 8 Personal recent experiences
1 1 forecast 4 prophesy 3 commission are often incorporated into our
2 anticipate 5 predict 4 policy dreams
3 expect 5 legislation
6 Citizens 4 1 recall 5 anonymous
2 1 forecast 4 anticipate 7 state 2 seek 6 sharp
2 expected 5 prophesied 8 tangible 3 endeavour 7 chase
3 projected 4 revelation 8 nocturnal
2 It helps students to travel abroad to
3 1 I can’t see myself getting study. Challenge! Students’ own answers
married ...
2 He’s set his sights on ... 3 1 of 9 with 6E Reporting structures
3 I’m not pinning my hopes on 2 make 10 for page 52
getting ... 3 as 11 for
4 so 12 most 1 1 a Sue congratulated me on
4 ... in the foreseeable future getting such good grades in my
5 ... I’m working on improving my 5 however 13 than
6 in 14 also exams.
grades 2 e Kate begged me not to leave
6 If I succeed in getting ... 7 least 15 into
8 of her there alone.
7 If my plans come to nothing, ... 3 b The phone company threatened
8 He’s determined to have ... 4 1 He impressed his professors so to disconnect my line if the bill
9 ... give it everything I’ve got much that they asked him to stay wasn’t paid within seven days.
10 ... a better position to earn ... and teach. 4 f Jack accused me of lying to him.
4 1 difficult 5 well 2 Promoting cooperation between 5 c Phoebe apologised for putting
2 suppose 6 guess European students and her foot in it the day before /
3 unlikely 7 go, directions institutions of higher education. yesterday.
4 Assuming 3 It remedies poverty by giving a 6 d Daniel recommended taking
grant to students. the bus.
Challenge! 4 Languages 7 h Marcus warned me not to
1 will be said (‘will have been said’ is 5 She learnt Polish, discovered a stroke the dog as he can be
also grammatically correct, although new way of life, made friends and vicious.
not part of the original quote) became more confident. 8 g Liam claimed that he hadn’t
2 ’re going to make taken / didn’t take my wallet on
3 will be 5 1 proposition
2 emulate purpose.
4 may be done (‘will be done’ is also
grammatically correct, although not 3 poverty-stricken 2 1 Natalie complimented James on
part of the original quote) 4 agency his new hairstyle.
5 will die 5 renowned 2 Nigel confirmed his willingness
6 acquire to help fix Angela’s scooter.
6B The meaning of dreams 3 Jamie enquired after Liz’s health.
page 48 6D Sweet dreams? 4 Martin expressed his apologies
page 50–51 for breaking Mrs Jones’ car
1 Students’ own answers mirror.
1 1 catch 5 lost
2 1 off 7 out 2 patterns 6 back 5 Rachel declined Steve’s invitation
2 down 8 on 3 cried 7 feigned to dinner.
3 out 9 off 4 lull / lulled 8 deep 6 Robin boasted about his running
4 off 10 on ability.
5 up 11 back 2 B
3 1 callously
6 off 3 1 Because their content is strange 2 sympathetically
3 1 made 6 phased or disturbing 3 sarcastically
2 sorted 7 clear 2 The Bible presents dreams as 4 sharply
3 brightens 8 brush examples of the revelation of 5 defiantly
4 died 9 sign God’s will; Greeks encouraged 6 resignedly
5 came 10 log sick people to sleep in temples
to have a ‘curing’ dream. 6F Photo comparison
4 depart: make off, clear off 3 Why we dream page 53
end: sign off, log off 4 The illogical nature of dreams
disappear: phase out, die out and the fact that they mix up 1 1 over 5 come
solve: sort out time, people and places 2 bits 6 an honour
approach: come up 5 Over 50,000 ‘dream reports’ from 3 walking on 7 world
improve: brighten up, brush up children, university students and 4 joy 8 believe
adults from all around the world

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2 Photo 1: she’s an elderly woman 6G Story-writing page 54 • Remind the students to prepare
who’s just graduated for the listening by reading the
Photo 2: he’s / she’s managed to 1 1 a strange-looking tall old woman sentences carefully and underlining
get to the top of a very challenging 2 a long dark country road any key words. Point out they are
mountain 3 dishevelled long grey hair supposed to listen for the general
4 a spooky old stone house sense of each utterance rather
3–4 Students’ own answers than for details or words. Play the
2 1 All of a sudden the train came to recording twice.
Transcript WB 12 a halt. • Writing: Read through and discuss
In the case of the climber, he is 2 We had been so deep in the tasks together. Students plan a
clearly driven by a desire to push conversation, we hadn’t even story or letter to be written at home
himself to the limit, physically and noticed the other passengers had or in class.
psychologically. I expect he does it for
got off. • Speaking: Elicit strategies for the
the amazing feeling of achievement
3 We gradually realised that we task from the students. Remind
that he must feel when he reaches the
top having got through the experience were in the middle of nowhere. them to talk about each picture,
unharmed. Doing something like 4 To our horror we discovered comparing / contrasting them
that must really make you feel alive. that there was no mobile phone rather than just describing them.
Perhaps he is a thrill-seeker by nature coverage. If necessary, in a weaker class,
or perhaps he has a boring job and brainstorm ideas about both
feels he needs more excitement in his 3 Students’ own answers pictures before starting. Students
life. As for the woman, she appears work in pairs to do the task.
to be in her eighties or nineties so Get ready for your exam 3 • Reading: 1 B, 2 D, 3 B, 4 A, 5 C, 6 B,
she obviously didn’t do the degree to page 55–56 7 C, 8 A
advance her career. She must have • Reading: Elicit strategies for dealing • Use of English: 1 reinforcements, 2
done it because she has a real passion with the matching task. Encourage immemorial, 3 deprivation, 4 losing,
for the subject that she studied. Given students to underline the parts 5 heritage, 6 untold
her age, it’s quite possible that she of the text that may help them to • Listening: 1 E, 2 A, 3 D, 4 B
missed out on a university education answer. Point out that some of the
when she was younger and since then questions are more easily answered Transcript WB 14
it’s been her lifelong dream to get a by elimination. Speaker 1 Children’s rights are
degree. • Use of English: Encourage students one of the most pressing issues
to look at the whole sentence in today’s world. There’s so much
5 1 case 2 for 3 Given injustice around! And I’ve made it my
and decide what part of speech
6 1 though (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) is personal mission to bring the work of
2 Having said that required. Point out that sometimes Janusz Korczak to the attention of all
3 yet they should use a negative prefix. those who influence children’s lives
Remind them to make sure that in any way. Did you know that the
4 Much as
their answer matches the grammar Convention on the Rights of the Child
5 Granted passed by the United Nations in 1989
and sense of the whole sentence.
7–8 Students’ own answers • Listening: Janusz Korczak was inspired by his teachings? It took
us over 50 years to hammer out the
(1877–1942) was a Polish
Transcript WB 13 ‘rights’ that Korczak had already laid
children’s author and
Much as both achievements without out in his books decades ago. His
educationalist. He studied
a doubt require great strength of books entitled How to Love a Child
medicine at university and became and Respect for the Child prove that
character and dedication, if I had to a paediatrician, before becoming
choose, I would say the woman has he was not only ahead of his own, but
director of an orphanage in Warsaw. also of our times! I mean, Korczak’s
encountered the most challenges.
He ran the orphanage along very insights and simple truths concerning
Granted, the climber will have faced
democratic lines, with the children children are as fresh and valuable
huge challenges, such as extreme
temperatures, avalanches, lack of taking part in a parliament and today as they were then. If only more
oxygen, dangerous terrain, and to deal running a court there. He always parents, teachers, counsellors and
with these he must be very fit, alert championed the rights of children, juvenile court judges would listen.
and mentally very strong. Nevertheless, believing that parents and other Speaker 2 In his orphanage, Korczak
mountain climbing is a hobby available adults should help children to had a Children’s Court, which was
to many people, whereas for a woman achieve their own goals, rather presided over by child judges. Every
in her eighties to get a degree is than imposing goals on them. As child with a grievance had the right
extremely rare. If she didn’t have any well as being a popular author of to bring the offender to the court
previous education, it would have been children’s story books, he wrote of his peers. Teachers and children
hard to summon up the confidence to about pedagogy and the philosophy were equal before the Court and
apply for a place at university. Also, of education. One of his most even Korczak had to submit to its
it must have been very difficult for a famous books was How to Love a judgement. He envisaged that in 50
person of her age to have the energy years every school would have such
Child. Much of his work has been
to keep up with her studies and the a court and that they would be a real
translated into other languages.
mental capacity to learn new things. source of emancipation for children,
The United Nations’ Convention on
Having said that, some older people teaching them respect for the law and
the Rights of the Child was inspired individual rights. I must say that the
still have phenomenal minds and we by his teachings. Much of his work
shouldn’t assume that they don’t want idea seems a bit utopian to me. I’ve
has been translated into other been a teacher for fifteen years now
to keep on expanding them.
languages.

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and I’m a firm believer in the equality
of students and teachers. Yet having
children make binding decisions on
important matters is like saying they’re
mature and experienced enough to
make such decisions. I’m afraid that is
a bit of a far-fetched notion.
Speaker 3 There was this radio thing
about Korczak recently and we listened
to that – the guys from the school
council and I. So he had this idea
about peer courts at school and we
just couldn’t believe it. I mean there’s
no school that wouldn’t benefit from a
court like that. If students could judge
one another and take responsibility
into their own hands, then we could do
something about things like bullying
and theft at school. I mean who knows
better than the students who does
what and which punishment would
really work? And most of all – it would
make teachers listen and respect
our opinions and feelings. I wish our
school would allow us something like
that.
Speaker 4 We were all surprised
at Korczak’s instruction to gather
in the X-ray lab. The doctor arrived,
bringing along a four-year-old from
his orphanage. The X-ray machine
was switched on and we saw the
boy’s heart beating wildly. He was so
frightened by the strange people, the
dark room and the machine. Speaking
softly, Korczak told us: ‘Don’t ever
forget this sight. How wildly a child’s
heart beats when he is frightened.
It does even more so when the child
reacts to an adult’s anger, not to
mention the fear of punishment.’ Then,
heading for the door with the boy’s
hand in his, he added, ‘That is all for
today!’ That lesson was imprinted on
our minds forever.

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Unit 7 4 It was unsuitable for growing

because I’m really into adventure
activities like skiing, ski-shoeing, dog- crops.
sledding and that kind of thing – it 5 Ships arrived carrying food and
7A Travelling about page 57 would be so exhilarating being pulled tools, saving the convicts’ lives.
down a mountain on a dog-sled! And
1 1 voyage 5 trip you also get to see all kinds of wild 5 1 apprehension
2 outing 6 journey animals like elk, coyotes, cougars, 2 harsh
3 pilgrimage 7 an expedition bears ... Mind you, it would be pretty 3 settlement
4 break 8 travels scary coming face to face with a grizzly 4 set up
bear when you least expected it ... 5 run out
2 1 heaving 4 grub oh, and the other thing which kind of
2 shattered 5 bucket down appeals is that that part of Canada is
3 whinge 6 flog renowned for its superb steaks!
7D Time travel page 60–61

3 1 show round 2  1 1
2
opportunity
possibility
7
8
infer
imply
2 hold up 1 experiencing, first
3 touch down 2 thrilling, seeing 3 borne 9 classic
4 put up 3 well worth 4 born 10 classical
5 stop by 4 exhilarating being 5 excessively 11 irrational
5 pretty, face to face 6 exceedingly 12 unreasonable
4 1 I’m not going to let her walk all
6 kind of 2 1 Close Encounters of the Third
over me like that!
2 I ran into Harry on my way here. 3 1 worth going Kind, ET
3 Can I run my ideas for Charlotte’s 2 thought, spending 2 1984
present by you? 3 amazing seeing 3 the Matrix series
4 Don’t just walk off while I’m 4 pointless bringing 4 The Invisible Man
talking to you! 5 pain not having 5 Brave New World
5 Oh no! The printer’s run out of 6 uncomfortable riding 6 The Thing from Another World
ink. 3 1 T ... most of the societies that
4 1 something like that
6 Simon’s been inconsolable since fiction presents us with are
2 one way or another
Maria walked out on him last also frightening. But are these
3 that kind of thing
week. dangerous societies ...
4 a bit of a
5 1 tiptoe 4 stroll 5 sort of 2 F People were genuinely
2 stumble 5 march 6 In a way, just kind of frightened about the implications
3 stagger 6 creep of scientific discoveries falling
5 Students’ own answers into the hands of the wrong
7B The travel bug page 58
7C Early migration to
people ...
3 T ... predict the control of people
1  Australia page 59 by the state through the use of
Fiona: 1, 5 up-to-date technology
Bobby: 2, 5, 7, 8 1 1 outlook 5 breakthrough
4 T Orwell’s grim futuristic novel
2 downfall 6 uprising
was really a commentary on the
Transcript WB 15 3 make-up 7 comeback
terrible consequences of fascism
Fiona If I ever got the chance, I’d 4 takeover 8 outbreak
and communism that swept
really love to go to Egypt to the Valley 2 They were convicted criminals. across Europe during the 1930s
of the Kings, where all the pharaohs,
The British expected them to build and 1940s.
including Tutankhamen, are buried.
I’ve always been completely fascinated settlements that could be used for 5 F ... while they may not have
by ancient Egyptian history. I’ve read later immigrants. always been as negative as the
so much about it but it would be novelists ...
3 1 known 9 beginning
brilliant experiencing it first-hand. My 6 F ... they tended to portray peace-
2 arrival 10 unsuitable
brother went a few years ago and has loving democratic societies under
3 apprehension 11 poorly
been raving about it ever since. He attack … the enemies depicted in
took a balloon ride over the Valley. 4 worried 12 shortage
these films were not human; they
Can you imagine how thrilling it must 5 biggest 13 starvation
were aliens from outer space.
have been seeing it from the air? His 6 was chosen 14 safety
7 F They are both rare examples of
photos are amazing. They show the 7 useful 15 foundations
science fiction offering images of
really stark contrast between the lush, 8 making
fertile, green land on the east bank of a potentially better future.
the river Nile and the dry, dusty desert 4 1 It commemorates the arrival of 8 T The enemy, if you can find
of the Valley of the Kings on the west. the first British immigrants to it, could be in your city, your
The ride must have been expensive but Australia. company, your home, your
well worth doing. 2 Forcing someone to leave their computer or it could even be ...
Bobby Something I’d love to do one country because they had in you!
day is go for a winter adventure holiday committed a crime.
in the Rocky Mountains in Canada. 4 1 disquieting 4 omnipresent
3 Escape was very difficult; the
From what I’ve heard, the mountain 2 consequence 5 grim
criminals provided free labour
scenery is totally awe-inspiring, and it 3 articulated 6 implacable
to build settlements for later
sounds like just the place for me
immigrants. Challenge! Students’ own answers

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7E Adding emphasis page 62 creation of more jobs in the area, first

during the construction phase, and
1 Students’ own answers later to support the tourism and leisure
industries. The increase in tourism
2 1 Not only do they generate zero will of course result in a growth in the
emissions, but they travel at local economy. This is of particular
40 kph. importance in remoter parts of the
2 What will be attractive to users is country where the local economy
its promised convenience. must rely to a great extent on the
3 No longer will passengers have to revenue generated from tourism. I can’t
share public transport with other deny that there is some merit in the
unknown people. arguments of those who are against
developments that pose a threat to the
4 Not until after it has been put to
environment, such as the sand dunes
the test will we know whether it in Aberdeenshire and the wildlife that
will live up to its promises. they support. However, I would still
5 It is the possibility of vandalism maintain that in times of recession,
as well as the negative visual the economic benefits significantly
impact of the elevated tracks that outweigh the environmental damage.
may put some investors off. Speaker 2 I am of the opinion that
tourist developments that have a
3 1 Never have I tasted such awful detrimental effect on the environment
food. should be discouraged at all costs.
2 I was late for the meeting, but I In my view it is wrong to sacrifice rare
did call to explain. species which bring great pleasure
3 It was a ginger cat that peered to many people for the sake of extra
out of the window. revenue from tourism. Furthermore,
4 The problem is that he’s bone I don’t go along with the argument
that development will mean a huge
idle.
improvement in the local economy.
5 I do beg your pardon!
Take the case of the golf course in
6 It wasn’t me that took the wallet. Scotland, for example. Granted, it
7 What a nasty cough you’ve got. will bring more jobs, which is very
8 What on earth are you talking important, but other than that, I
about? don’t see how the local population
will benefit from it if the income from
Challenge! Students’ own answers tourism goes to Donald Trump. Another
thing to consider is the example that
7F Presentation page 63 it sets. If one development project
1 1 proposal 5 rejected is allowed to go ahead then this will
probably give the green light to tear
2 coast 6 grounds
up other protected sites in the future.
3 development 7 environment All in all, I strongly feel that this is too
4 financial 8 habitat high a price to pay for the supposed
2 give permission for something to benefits of tourism.
start 4 
3  1
2
broadly
lead
5 detrimental
6 benefit
Speaker 1 Such developments
lead to more jobs; growth in the 3 threat 7 price
local economy where tourism 4 outweigh
provides revenue 5 Students’ own answers
Speaker 2 It’s wrong to sacrifice
wildlife for the sake of revenue; 7G Letter of complaint
the main income won’t go to local page 64
people; it will allow other projects to
go ahead on other sensitive sites. 1 1 We regret to inform you ...
2 The service leaves much to be
Transcript WB 16 desired.
Speaker 1 On the whole, I’m in 3 I trust you will ensure ...
agreement with the principle of 4 Give my regards to Paul.
allowing development projects such as 5 I would be grateful if ...
Donald Trump’s golf course in Scotland 6 Please find enclosed ...
to go ahead. In the current economic
climate, broadly speaking, very few 2 a 7 b 6 c 1 d 2 e 13 f 8
private investors are prepared to g 3 h 9 i 10 j 15 k 12 l 5
spend substantial amounts of money m 14 n 4 o 11
on developing land for tourism. For
this reason we should welcome such 3 Students’ own answers
investments as they lead to the

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Unit 8 2 Reading: rock, indie, underground

punk, hardcore
3 1 That must be Andy’s brother –
he’s the spitting image of him.
Big Chill: electronic 2 You must have been over the
8A Fashion page 65 Glastonbury: all sorts moon when you were picked for
1 1 neat. The others all mean the the team.
3 1 many 7 can
opposite of neat. 3 I shouldn’t be late home this
2 at 8 might
2 corset. The others are to do with evening.
3 always listened 9 grounds
hair. 4 I might / may not go to the
4 all 10 such
3 piercing. The others are firework display.
5 off 11 for
accessories. 5 He ought to / should apologise
6 over 12 just
4 bandana. It’s a garment; the to the teacher.
others are parts of garments. 4 1 The arrival of monster rock 6 I should have put on more sun
5 shabby. The others describe concerts that attracted thousands cream.
design. 2 It started off as a jazz festival but
now has many kinds of music; it 8F Stimulus-based
2 1 v-neck, full-length, open-toed takes place on two sites. discussion page 71
2 zip-up, skin-tight 3 The setting is beautiful.
2 1 rocket 4 remain stable
3 1 e 2 h 3 b 4 c 5 f 6 d 4 Poetry, films, gourmet food fair
2 fluctuate 5 tail off
7 a 8 i 9 g 5 Glastonbury
3 creep up 6 plummet
4 1 too big for his boots 5 1 cater for 4 setting
3 1 give
2 pull their socks up 2 evolve 5 generate
2 form, home
3 hot under the collar 3 faithful
3 something like
4 feather in your cap Challenge! Students’ own answers 4 strikes
5 off the cuff 5 tendency, embrace
6 below the belt 8D Food and the future 6 trend, towards
page 68–69
Challenge! Students’ own answers 4 a 35–54 b over 65 c 13–17
1 1 contaminants 5 tasteless
8B Food or fuel? page 66 2 Bacteria 6 protein
Transcript WB 17
3 ingredients 7 nutrients This chart shows the result of a survey
1 1 into, phases, menu into the age profile of people who use
2 tooth, gorge, crave 4 fat 8 toxic
the Internet on their mobile phones.
3 broaden, set 2 1 Dining in a laboratory According to the chart, the vast majority
4 treat, touch, gross 2 Scientific cooking, but only of people who access the Internet from
5 fussy, fanatical for a few their phones are in the 35–54 age
3 Take your time bracket. I guess these are the people
2 1 I wouldn’t touch them! who can afford this expensive service
2 I’d say I’m fairly ... 4 A divided year
and I expect a lot of them are using
3 I’d prefer to avoid it ... 5 Popular prices?
their phones for work purposes, to send
4 I would try them if I had to. 6 Some things never change e-mails and things like that. The second
3 1 c 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 c 6 a largest user group are the 25–34 year
3 1 My parents wouldn’t let me eat olds who make up about 25% of people
sweets till I was about five. 7 b
who use the Internet on their mobile
2 I would say (that) Luigi’s 4 1 crops 4 gourmet phones. Again, that’s quite predictable
restaurant serves the best pizzas. 2 savour 5 exponent as you’d expect young professionals to
3 I’d rather not eat too late. 3 retain 6 bear in mind be using the latest technology. The chart
4 She would have been about indicates that very few people over the
fifteen when she learned to cook. Challenge! Students’ own answers age of 65 use the Internet while on the
5 I wouldn’t want to eat fish every move, which is hardly surprising given
day.
8E Modal verbs page 70 that the display is very small and difficult
to read if you are long-sighted, and
6 When my mum was pregnant she 1 1 do we have to / must we roughly equal numbers of 13–17-year-
would crave doughnuts. 2 can olds and 18–24-year-olds use it.
7 I’d love to know how to make a 3 may / might
perfect Thai curry. 4 might / could 5 Students’ own answers
8 I asked her why she became a 5 couldn’t / weren’t able to
vegetarian but she wouldn’t tell 6 must 8G A report page 72
me. 7 have to 1 1 side 4 the least
8 should / ought to 2 do 5 exactly
8C Youth culture page 67 9 should / might 3 If 6 tendency
1 1 crew 5 wannabes 2 1 must have got 2 1 insight 7 lacks
2 super-skinny 6 took in 2 must make, don’t have to leave 2 single out 8 makes up
3 skiving 7 lapped up 3 must have known 3 boasts 9 renowned
4 clued-up 8 grungy 4 must be 4 reputation 10 somewhat
5 can’t have had 5 throw 11 showcases
6 shouldn’t / oughtn’t to interfere 6 array 12 unreasonable

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3 1 it’s too commercial / it’s a little Transcript WB 18
on the commercial side Presenter And now, some more
2 the tickets are ridiculously advice for those planning a journey.
pricey / the tickets are a little Here are a few gadgets you may want
pricey to say the least to add to your luggage.
3 the main tent gets horribly Speaker 1 Travellers who don’t like to
crowded / the main tent does fiddle around with the small keyboard
have a tendency to get crowded on their palmtop, mobile phone or other
hand-held device may find the Virtual
4 the layout is extremely confusing
Keyboard useful. It’s about the size of
/ the layout is a little on the
a lighter, so it fits perfectly into your
confusing side pocket. Unfortunately though, it does
5 the sound system is poor / the eat up your palmtop’s batteries within
sound system could do with an minutes, so you’ll need to find a socket.
overhaul When hooked up to your palmtop, this
6 the toilets are disgusting / the device produces a light projection of
toilets aren’t exactly clean a full-size keyboard. It even produces
real typing sounds. The keyboard has
4 Students’ own answers software that studies the movement
of your fingers to interpret and record
Get ready for your exam 4 keystrokes. It does make typing much
page 73–74 easier, though not immediately. You
• Reading: Elicit strategies for dealing see, since there’s nothing to actually
with multiple-choice reading tasks. press, you kind of have to re-learn
Encourage the students to read the typing and adapt to the sensitivity of
text through to get the general idea the laser sensors. But once you get the
before reading the task statements. hang of it, it does speed things up. And
Remind the students to underline I must admit I do feel like a character in
the fragments of the text where they a sci-fi movie, which is fun.
have found the answers. Speaker 2 Part of the fun while
travelling is spending time outdoors.
• Use of English: Remind the students
Unfortunately, camping or hiking,
to read the whole sentence first.
especially off the beaten track, means
Encourage them to focus on the
being away from the nearest electrical
grammatical correctness of each socket. And in this modern world we
sentence when filling in the gaps. all need power. Until recently the only
• Listening: Remind students that solution was a heavy and dangerous
the order of the information in the gas-powered generator but now you
recording will not be the same as can just steal the power from the sun!
the order of the statements in the Just bring along your Solar Briefcase,
task. Encourage them to read the and you’re away! Small, light and
questions carefully before listening, handy, it opens to reveal two powerful
to underline the key words, and solar panels that generate thirteen
think of synonyms that they may watts of power. That’s enough to power
hear. Play the recording twice. With a a laptop or charge mobile phone
weaker group, discuss the answers batteries. Of course, the downside is
before the second listening. that on a rainy day when you’re bored
• Writing: Read through and discuss out of your mind you still won’t be able
the tasks together, then refer to watch movies on your laptop.
students to the Writing Bank for Speaker 3 I love to travel to exotic
guidance. Students write the report places. In fact, the rougher the
or article at home or in class. conditions the more exciting the place
seems to me. But if you’re like me, this
• Speaking: Elicit strategies for the
will sound familiar: you’re thirsty, you
task from the students. Remind them
enter a local bar, get a glass of water
to talk about each picture, comparing
and discover it smells like elephant
/ contrasting them rather than just droppings! I’m very particular about the
describing them. If necessary, in quality of water I drink, so I never leave
a weaker class, brainstorm ideas home without my ultraviolet water
before starting. Students work in purifier. It looks like a fountain pen and
pairs to do the task. you just stick it in the water. There’s
• Reading: 1 C, 2 C, 3 A, 4 D no need to put any soluble tablets into
• Use of English: 1 see Martha off, your glass and there’s no chemical
2 no use even trying to, 3 must have aftertaste. Also, the important thing is
cost her, 4 did they realise how that there’s no need to plug it in. You
dangerous, 5 the local economy just stick it in, turn it on and in about
benefit from 48 seconds you have a glass of safe,
• Listening: Speaker 1: d, f; Speaker drinkable water. It’s particularly good
2: a, e; Speaker 3: b, c at killing bacteria which are a common
cause of diarrhoea, and have ruined
many an adventure in faraway places.

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Unit 9 Speaker 2 I’ve got an aunt called

Jackie who’s only about ten years older
3 1
2
many
as
9
10
in / during
which
than me and we’ve always been very 3 in 11 is
9A Gossip page 75 close. Jackie used to be super-sensitive 4 by 12 lot
about her nose so she decided to 5 had 13 have
1 Across have cosmetic surgery to make it
2 glean 7 indiscreet 6 who 14 as
smaller. I must have been about eight
3 scandal 8 drop at the time – I remember her having a 7 where 15 on
4 reveal 9 rumour bandage on her face for what seemed 8 with
5 sealed 10 wraps like ages. About a year later she started 4 1 resourceful, cold-blooded, skilled
6 soul going out with Jim and two years after
at self-defence, good-looking
Down that they got engaged. Well, at the
2 to exemplify a public place where
1 eavesdrop engagement party the subject of plastic
surgery cropped up in a conversation someone would get noticed
2 1 juicy 6 further between Jackie, Jim and me and I said, 3 He isn’t good-looking and
2 scandal 7 soul ‘Remember when you had that nose therefore doesn’t attract
3 strictest 8 discretion job, Jackie?’ Well, she looked daggers attention; he has a prodigious
4 confidence 9 knowledge at me! It turned out that I’d just memory and an innate ability to
5 breathe betrayed her biggest secret! detect people’s strengths and
weaknesses.
3 1 An ex-employee blew the whistle 3 2, 4, 6, 9 4 That he is just as ruthless as his
on FCOM’s illegal financial 4 1 c 2 a 3 b enemy.
activities. 5 Students’ own answers
2 James clammed up when he 5 1 She has had to promise not to
realised everyone was listening. reveal the secret. 5 1 resourceful
3 The politician stonewalled when 2 She has been kept ignorant / She 2 unassuming
asked questions about the hasn’t been told. 3 prodigious
corruption scandal. 3 She looked at me in a very angry 4 an innate ability
4 When the news broke that there way. 5 ruthless
wouldn’t be a pay rise, the 6 1 Have a think about it.
unions organised a strike. 9D Hoaxes page 78–79
2 I didn’t mean to cause offence.
5 The judge tried to hush up 3 He came to the conclusion that 1 1 former 6 sense
the fact that his son had been he had made a mistake. 2 grab 7 order
arrested. 4 She dropped a / the hint that it 3 alarm 8 appealing
6 Daisy isn’t supposed to know was time for me to leave. 4 tool 9 cause
about the party but I think 5 Can we have a talk? 5 complexity 10 belief
someone must have let it slip. 6 He’s made / taken the decision
2 1 CBS
to resign.
9B In confidence page 76
7 Let me have / take a look at your
2 three experts in history
3 Hence Gutzli
1 1 boost 6 betray swollen ankle.
4 the FBI
2 crop 7 give 8 Give me a call on my mobile.
5 Hence Gutzli
3 fall 8 turn 9 I could do with having / taking a
6 Gerd Heidemann
4 prise 9 feign rest.
5 get 10 It’s time you did some revision. 3 1 F 2 C 3 A 4 G 5 E 6 B

2  7 1 Fancy coming for a jog? Can’t be

bothered. Promise.
4 1 T These and more unanswered
questions very quickly led the
Speaker 1 TJ Grant’s real name
Speaker 2 Jackie’s nose job 2 Still working at the shop? Last I world’s Internet users to one
heard, it was Canada. Typical! conclusion: it was a hoax.
Transcript WB 19 3 Another drink? OK, see you soon. 2 F ... a trip he’d made to New York
Speaker 1 I’ve got this boss called Will do. in 1997
TJ Grant. He always insists on being 4 Mind if I close the window? No, 3 T Unfortunately for Hence, one of
called TJ because he couldn’t stand his chilly in here, isn’t it? his friends decided to share his
real name and keeps it under wraps. e-mail with the rest of the world.
Well, as it happens, his wife works at Challenge! Students’ own answers
4 F … have been motivated by
the company too and because we are
interests other than attempts at
all obviously really curious to find out 9C The secret agent page 77
his real name we often try and prise humour of questionable taste.
it out of her but she always feigns 1 1 obscure 5 dingy 5 T The Sunday Times announced
ignorance. I don’t know if she’s been 2 flimsy 6 rousing an exclusive that was sure to
sworn to secrecy or whether she’s been 3 impudent 7 nondescript increase its circulation: the
kept in the dark like everyone else. 4 ostensible 8 grimy serialisation of Adolf Hitler’s
Anyway, there’s a big prize for the first diaries.
person who manages to find out! 2 He doesn’t attract attention.

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6 F Heidemann claimed that the 9F Drawing conclusions
diaries had been hidden in an page 81
East German barn when in fact
they were the work of a forger, 1 1 by 3 assume
Konrad Paul Kujau. 2 take 4 leads
7 F ... the channel had to admit 2 Students’ own answers
they were probably a hoax
8 F CBS asked the source of 3–4 
their documents to send the 1 clear 6 obviously
originals but ... the originals had 2 kind 7 points
apparently been destroyed soon 3 foreground 8 celebrity
after they were faxed. 4 some 9 suggest
5 to 10 such
5 1 a snap
2 (dramatic) impact Transcript WB 20
3 an appeal It’s hard to say where the photo has
4 an exclusive been taken but it’s clear from the
5 circulation fact that there is a wide river running
6 surface through it that it’s some kind of major
city. The man in the foreground has
Challenge! Students’ own answers climbed up onto some sort of platform
– it looks like a rubbish bin to me. He’s
9E Passive structures holding onto the street sign so he’s
page 80 obviously finding it hard to balance.
Other people are watching too which
1 1 have been played points to the fact that he’s probably
2 have been fooled trying to get a shot of some event
3 be built or a visiting celebrity. He could just
4 be funded be a tourist, but he’s going to great
5 had been invented lengths to position himself which
6 was supposed would suggest that he’s a professional
photographer. We can’t see what
7 was claimed
building he’s waiting outside but it’s
8 be changed
probably a hotel or some such place.
9 be prevented
10 to be demolished 5 Students’ own answers
11 be made
12 was not reported 9G Opinion essay page 82
2 1 When Dan’s feeling ill, he likes to 1 1 Telling white lies (to protect other
be given lots of attention. people) is usually regarded as
2 I felt that my case wasn’t being permissible.
taken seriously (by the police). 2 It is frequently considered less
3 It was the longest film that had acceptable to lie to get oneself
ever been made. out of trouble.
4 His restaurant is described (by 3 Lies which damage others
food critics) as the best in the are generally seen as morally
country. reprehensible.
5 The prisoners shouldn’t have 4 Holding back information is often
been treated so badly. felt to be more acceptable than
telling a lie.
3 2 Caught shoplifting for a second
time, John Bates was made to pay 2 Students’ own answers
a fine.
3 1 embellishing
3 Neglected by the previous
2 deported
owners, Felix the cat was given
3 underplaying
a nice new home by a couple in
4 sparing the feelings of sb
Grinstead.
4 Injured by a falling tree, Mary was 4 Students’ own answers
driven to hospital by a neighbour.
5 1 O 2 O 3 S 4 O 5 S 6 S
5 Painted in 1893 (by Edvard
7 S 8 S
Munch), The Scream was stolen a
few years ago. 6–7 Students’ own answers

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Unit 10 4
5
feel-good
sentimental
4 1
2
an exploit
epic poem
6 subtle 3 glory
10A Farewell page 83 7 ambiguous 4 avenging
1 1 must D 3 Be, Till B 8 baffling 5 a rampage
2 do A 4 shortly, let C 6 remorse
2 Aristotle, Syd Field
2 1 terminate 6 wind up Challenge! Students’ own answers
3 1 left 8 finally
2 ceased 7 concluded 2 coming 9 seventies
3 culminated 8 closes 10E Complex sentences
3 Being 10 better page 88
4 complete 9 finalised 4 shortage 11 successful
5 wrapped up 5 doesn’t 12 following 1 1 The Wieliczka salt mines, which
3 1 correct 6 greatly 13 reversal are outside Krakow, are really
2 Queen Victoria’s reign ceased in 7 beginning 14 unoriginal worth visiting.
1901. 2 That’s the guy who fixed the
4 1 the screenplay
3 correct puncture on my bike.
2 the spec not matching the set
4 correct 3 The fugu fish, whose organs
ideas about what makes a good
5 The outdoor concert concluded contain a poison which can kill
screenplay
with a firework display. you instantly, is a delicacy in
3 films that followed Aristotle’s
Japan.
4 1 impartial plan did better at the box office
4 My brother borrowed my iPod,
2 opportune 4 The beginning should last no
which meant that I couldn’t listen
3 tough as old boots more than 30 minutes, at the
to music on the bus.
4 dejected end of which there should be a
5 I bought a bag yesterday which
5 essential turning point; the middle should
seems rather flimsy.
6 minute last for around an hour, during
6 We had some delicious cake my
which there may be another
Challenge! Students’ own answers grandmother had made.
turning point; the final quarter of
the film depicts the climax of the 2 1 I was over the moon when I found
10B Threats to our planet story. the ring I had been looking for.
page 84 2 We’re going to see a Roman villa
5 1 a hit 4 come up with
1 1 degrade 7 exported which I once did a school project
2 lucrative 5 the climax
2 landfill 8 greenhouse on.
3 meticulously
gases 3 We watched the road movie that
3 thermostat 9 seats Challenge! Students’ own answers Greg was telling me about.
4 emissions 10 altitude 4 Laura got the promotion (that)
5 pavements 11 species 10D Immortality page 86–87 Sara had set her sights on.
6 tap 12 deforestation 5 Katie’s seeing Joe, who Sharma
1 1 ill 2 un 3 mal 4 in 5 de
used to go out with.
2 1 addressing 4 combat 6 less 7 non 8 un 9 im
2 stockpile 5 bring in 3 1 The winner of the 2000 Darwin
2 2
3 assess 6 decommissioned Awards is posthumously known
3 1 T … the question of life and death as Jumping Jack Cash, whose
3 1 However many times you ask me, has always preoccupied mankind foolish exploits you may have
the answer is still going to be No! 2 F he is mortal heard about.
2 Whoever arrives at the station 3 F ... not only because of his 2 The scene of his stupidity was
first will buy the tickets. exploits, but because the Greek the Grand Canyon, to which
3 Whenever he speaks to her he ideas of heroism, courage and thousands of tourists flock every
blushes. loyalty are still valid today. year.
4 Whatever she wears, she always 4 T Burdened with the 3 The canyon contains some
looks chic. responsibility … Hamlet feels particularly steep drops, around
5 However cheeky it seems, I think trapped. / …. suicide would be which fences have been built to
you should ask for a lift. a way of escaping the pressures prevent sightseers plummeting to
6 Whichever presidential candidate he’s subjected to. their deaths.
wins, they will have a tough job 5 F But would it? What happens 4 Close to some of the drops are
on their hands. after death … would he have to small towering plateaus onto
Challenge! face the tortures of hell? which you could jump if you were
1 wherever 4 however 6 F Nobody doubted that there was feeling very brave.
2 whatever 5 whenever an afterlife. 5 Tourists like to throw coins on to
3 whichever 6 whoever 7 T ... he becomes cut off from his the plateaus, some of which pile
family, friends and society. onto the surfaces, while others
10C Happy endings? page 85 8 T The book was also seen as a fall to the valley floor below.
criticism of how scientists were 6 Jumping Jack Cash leaped over to
1 1 intriguing detached from society, with little a plateau on which was a huge
2 thought-provoking concern for the consequences of pile of coins and he filled his bag
3 clichéd their work. with them.

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7 He tried to leap back but his 4 a knock you for six information in the recording. Tell
bag, which was now full of coins, b run-down them to prepare for the listening
prevented him, and he plunged c do away with, knock them on by reading the sentences carefully
to the bottom. the head and underlining any key words.
d find a way of Encourage them to eliminate the
10F Presentation page 89 e see the back of wrong answers as well as identifying
f malicious the correct one. Play the recording
1 1 what 4 escapes twice.
2 on 5 tip 5 1 middle 8 rough • Writing: Read through and discuss
3 slipped 2 across 9 yellowish the task together, then refer
3 less 10 shaped students to the Writing Bank for
2  4 looks 11 handy guidance. Students plan an essay
Speaker 1
5 colours 12 handle or letter to be written at home or in
What? viruses
6 serve 13 by class.
Example: If you get one, just • Speaking: Elicit strategies for
7 comes 14 sharp
when you need a lot of sympathy, the tasks from the students. If
a contact lenses
everyone avoids you. necessary, in a weaker class,
b an avocado
Speaker 2 brainstorm ideas before starting.
c a Stanley (craft) knife
What? computer viruses Students work in pairs to do each
Example: They cause a lot of 6–7 Students’ own answers task.
damage. • Reading: 1 G, 2 A, 3 E, 4 D, 5 F, 6 C
10G Opinion essay page 90 • Use of English: 1 at, 2 during / in,
Transcript WB 21 3 to, 4 each, 5 had, 6 They, 7 what,
Speaker 1 I’d love somebody to 1 Students’ own answers
8 little, 9 it, 10 so
do away with these. They creep up 2 1 c 2 b 3 a 4 g 5 f 6 d • Listening: 1 A, 2 C, 3 D, 4 B
on you when you’re least expecting
7 h 8 e
them to. Sometimes they’re quite Transcript WB 22
mild but at other times they can knock 3 1 undoubtedly Presenter Hello and welcome to
you for six. They get hold of anybody 2 suggested Top TV with me, Richard Pilkington,
and everybody but you’re particularly 3 There is no denying that and this week’s guest, writer and
vulnerable to them if you’re feeling 4 Furthermore broadcaster Moira Devlin. So Moira,
stressed or slightly run-down. The
5 I firmly believe what’s not to be missed this week?
worst thing about them is that at a
6 inconceivable Moira Well, this week it’s all about
time when you are in need of lots of
7 On balance archaeology for me. Egypt Unwrapped
sympathy, everybody sh– er the word’s
8 There is also some truth in the is a new Anthony Geffen documentary
just slipped my mind, well, it’s another
view that that premiered on the National
word for avoid, everybody avoids you
Geographic Channel on Sunday. We get
in case you pass it on to them. Once
4–5 Students’ own answers another chance to watch it on Tuesday,
you’ve got one you know you’re going
and I can’t recommend it highly
to have to experience all the different
symptoms, like a blocked nose, sore Get ready for your exam 5 enough!
page 91-92 Presenter Yes, I don’t think it’s
throat, chesty cough and so forth.
• Reading: Elicit strategies for dealing an exaggeration to say that Egypt
Hopefully, one day scientists will find
with the sentence insertion task. Unwrapped has performed miracles
a way of knocking them on the head
in the ratings, knocking even the most
completely. Remind the students to identify the
popular soaps and reality shows off the
Speaker 2 I’d love to see the back of topic of each paragraph, and the
top spot. Why do you think that is?
these malicious things, which cause function of each missing sentence.
Moira Well, I think the signs are
so much damage. There are thousands • In a weaker class, work on the first that we are entering a new phase of
of different types of them and they are gap together, identifying the topic television in terms of what people
created for a variety of purposes. Some before and after the gap and looking expect from our programming. It does
of them are used to steal sensitive for clues as to what is missing. seem that although viewers want to be
information but most seem to have • Remind the students to make sure, entertained, of course, these days they
been created purely to inconvenience after they have finished the task, also want something more substantial.
people. Something else that really gets that the remaining sentence does So now factual documentaries are
to me about these things, the name
not fit in any of the gaps. almost certain to become much more
escapes me for the moment, is that
• Use of English: Encourage the popular again. Just wait till you see the
you are forced to spend money in order
students to read the whole text ‘screaming man’.
to be protected against them. I really
first to grasp the overall meaning. Presenter The screaming man?
don’t understand what motivates the
Remind them that the missing Who’s that?
people who create them. I suppose
words are often grammar words, Moira He’s the subject of Geffen’s
they do it to prove how powerful they
prepositions or articles. After the documentary. He’s as close to a
are or in some cases to prove how
students have filled all the gaps, celebrity as anyone who has been
vulnerable Windows is.
encourage them to read out the dead for over 2,000 years can be! He
3  text to make sure their answers fit is also one of the greatest mysteries
of archaeology. First of all, there’s the
1 away 4 knocking, head grammatically and logically.
obvious puzzle of why when his face
2 knock, six 5 see, back • Listening: Remind the students
was mummified it was locked in a
3 run 6 vulnerable that in this type of task the order of
horrible grimace. It makes him look as
the statements fits the order of the
if he’s constantly screaming in terror.

Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 23

Solutions Advanced
Frontrunner Workbook
ADVANCED Key KEY
WORKBOOK
The other thing is that his body 2 1 outraged 6 analysis 3 have
was buried without any markings or 2 response 7 respectively 4 these
adornments alongside some of the 3 pleasures 8 threat 5 like
most famous pharaohs. His hands 4 withdrawal 9 justification 6 which / that
and feet were bound at the time of 5 shortage 10 substantially 7 other
his death and his unmarked coffin
8 widely / also
suggests that those who buried him
made a conscious attempt to deny him
Exam Challenge! 2 9 all
page 95–96 10 may / might / could
the glory of the next life.
Presenter And what does the film Reading
reveal about the screaming man? Review 5 page 101
Moira When the mummy was found, 1 C 2 A 3 G 4 D 5 B 6 E
1 1 told me (that) she would be
archaeologist Gaston Maspero and
Use of English 2 Should you need
two other scientists ran an autopsy
and came up with several theories. 1 1 has 6 in 3 haven’t fallen out
One was that the body had not been 2 to 7 at 4 shouldn’t have bought
mummified properly. This assumption 3 who 8 that 5 was watched
led to the hypothesis that the man
4 the 9 later 6 said to have had
was an official who might have died 7 wish I hadn’t voiced
5 until / when 10 must
while he was on an assignment outside 8 object to me / my wearing
Egypt, and the body had to be quickly 2 1 c 2 d 3 b 4 b 5 c 6 a 9 if she hadn’t seen
preserved by people lacking in the 7 a 8 d 9 c 10 b 10 is said to have been invented
expertise required for the task. But
a computer tomography scan proved Review 1 page 97 2 1 an 6 ✓
those deductions wrong. 2 ✓ 7 the
Presenter Do you mean they used a 1 1 about 7 aside 3 time 8 of
CT scan? 2 at 8 which 4 out 9 ✓
Moira No, they couldn’t; it was in the 3 his 9 the 5 of 10 the
1880s. But modern scientists have.
4 before 10 from
Geffen and his team applied to Egypt’s
5 through 11 each / the
Supreme Council of Antiquities, and
were granted permission to give the 6 could
screaming man a professional CT scan. 2 1 b 2 a 3 c 4 b 5 c 6 b
Presenter That’s fascinating. 7 b 8 a 9 b 10 a
Moira Oh yes! It’s quite incredible.
Just like in your favourite mummy Review 2 page 98
movies: a team of scientists and
Egyptologists met in the archives of the 1 1 b 2 b 3 c 4 a 5 d 6 c
Cairo Museum, where they loaded the 7 a 8 a 9 d 10 b
screaming man on a medical stretcher
and carried him like paramedics, 2 1 what 6 to
through the marble hallways past 2 ✓ 7 ✓
hordes of astounded tourists. It must 3 it 8 ✓
have been an incredible sight. I wish 4 of 9 the
they’d filmed that too. 5 ✓ 10 about
Presenter It does sound amazing.
And what did the scan show? Review 3 page 99
Moira Well, that’s something I’m not
going to give away! You’ll have to see 1 1 survival 6 unable
for yourself. If you want to learn the 2 abnormally 7 calculations
secrets of the screaming man, just tune 3 affects 8 deprivation
in to the National Geographic Channel
4 detrimental 9 truly
this Tuesday evening.
5 drowsy 10 interaction
Presenter I certainly will. Moira,
thank you for being with us today. 2 1 off / against 6 times
2 sign 7 come
Exam Challenge! 1 3 that 8 out
page 93–94
4 a / per 9 up
Reading 5 be 10 out

1 C 2 A 3 B 4 D 5 C 6 A Review 4 page 100

7 C 8 A 9 D
1 1 deadly 6 tiredness
Use of English 2 nutritional 7 depression
1 1 what 6 their 3 convenient 8 harmless
2 was / were 7 less 4 addictive 9 attention
3 being 8 both 5 fatty 10 growth
4 only 9 like 2 1 through / round / in
5 make 10 whose 2 keep

Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 24