Scribd
Upload
38 views

Scientific & (Family) Name

This document discusses different types of tannins including hydrolyzable (pyrogallol) tannins which are hydrolyzed by acids or enzymes into phenolic acids and sugars like gallitannins and ellagitannins. It also discusses non-hydrolyzable/condensed tannins which are not readily hydrolyzed and have no sugar moiety, instead converting to phlobaphenes with acids and enzymes. Various plant sources of catechol and pyrogallol tannins are listed along with their descriptions and common uses. Classification of tannins includes catechol-pyrocatecols-phlobatannins and pyrogallotannins.

Uploaded by

Baldog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views

Scientific & (Family) Name

This document discusses different types of tannins including hydrolyzable (pyrogallol) tannins which are hydrolyzed by acids or enzymes into phenolic acids and sugars like gallitannins and ellagitannins. It also discusses non-hydrolyzable/condensed tannins which are not readily hydrolyzed and have no sugar moiety, instead converting to phlobaphenes with acids and enzymes. Various plant sources of catechol and pyrogallol tannins are listed along with their descriptions and common uses. Classification of tannins includes catechol-pyrocatecols-phlobatannins and pyrogallotannins.

Uploaded by

Baldog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

PHARMACOGNOSY LEC

TANNINS

TANNINS – mixtures of polyphenols  tannate


- do not crystallize, colloidal solution with water
- acidic, sharp puckering taste
- soluble in water, dilute alcohol, dilute alkali and glycerol but insoluble in ether and benzene
- precipitate gelatin, alkaloids, proteins (astringent, vegetable tanning –leather, lab. reagents, antidote)
- dark blue or greenish black with ferric salts, deep red color with potassium ferricyanide and ammonia (ink)
- precipitated by salts of copper, lead, tin, potassium dichromate

Tanning test or Goldbeater’s skin test


- qualitative- membrane from ox’s intestine –brown or black color with ferrous sulfate
- (quantitative)adsorption on standard hide powder

Hydrolyzable (Pyrogallol) – hydrolyzed by acids or enzymes


- phenolic acids and sugar
- gallitannins (red rose petals, Chinese galls, hamamelis, chestnut, maple, rhubarb, bearberry)
- ellagitannins (pomegranate, kino, chestnut)

Non-hydrolyzable/Catechols/Condensed/Proanthocyanidins
- not readily hydrolyzed, no sugar moiety, with acids and enzymes converted to phlobaphenes

Complex Tannins – biosynthesized from hydrolyzable and condensed tannins

Pseudotannins – compounds of lower molecular weight than true tannins and do not respond to goldbeater’s skin test
 [H]:
a. gallic acid  pyrogallol
b. protocatechuic acid  catechol
c. ellagic acid  pyrogallol nuclei

Classification:
a. Catechol – Pyrocatecols – Phlobatannins

b. Pyrogallotannins

I. CATECHOL TANNINS

Common Name Synonym Scientific & (Family) Name Description/ / Constituent Uses
1. Hamamelis leaf Witch Hazel Leaeves Leaves Astringent
Hamamelitannin Hemostatic

2. Rhatany Krameria Roots Astringent


Krameria – tannic acid Antimicrobial activity for mouth
PHARMACOGNOSY LEC
Krameria Red – phlobaphene and throat infections

Catechol Tannins
Common Name Synonym Scientific & (Family) Name Description/ / Constituent Uses
3. Catechu Gambir Leaves and Twigs
Catechins
Catechutannic acid
Catechu-red
Astringent
4. Kino Juice
Phlobatannin

Red Gum
5. Chestnut

6. Hawthorn Leaves Mild cardiac


Procyanidins Cardiac tonic
Hyperoside
7.Ceanothus Red Root Hemostatic
New Jersey Tea

II. PYROGALLOL TANNINS


Common Name Synonym Scientific & (Family) Name Description/ / Constituent Uses
1. Nutgall Excrescence from young Tanning and dyeing industry;
twigs Astringent
Ink manufacture
Tannic acid  Astringent, treatment of bed
Gallic acid sores, minor ulcerations,
Ellagic acid alkaloidal precipitant .

2. Alchemilla Lady’s Mantle Flower heads and aerial Astringent (bleeding),


parts Diarrhea
Pyrogallol Menorrhagia
Pedunculagin
Alchemilllin
PHARMACOGNOSY LEC
Pyrogallol Tannins
Common Name Synonym Scientific & (Family) Name Description/ / Constituent Uses
3. Pomegranate Granada Pericarp Aastringent
Ellagitannins Diarrhea

4. Rose Red Rose Rostannic acid Perfumery


Trovens Rose Ingredient in Strong Rose
French Rose Water

You might also like