5G Ecosystem

The digital haven of opportunities

September 2019
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Contents
Foreword03
Message from CII 04

5G commercial launch in India: Are we ready? 05

• National Digital Communications Policy (NDCP) lays the foundation
for next generation 05
• Movement/transition of data traffic to 4G 06
• Regulatory endeavour for 5G spectrum allocation 06
• Progress made on policy front to prepare for a 5G future 08
• Efforts to have an indigenous 5G technology 09
• Mega cloud push will accelerate change in India’s infrastructure 09

Encircling the seamless – what is the 5G ecosystem? 10

• Handset manufacturers geared up for 5G 10
• Equipment manufacturers - Key for new business opportunities 12
• Infrastructure providers - Expanding the network footprint  13
• Mobile network operators - Supporting the 5G ecosystem 14
• Rise of application/software providers  22

Digital transformation across industry verticals – no one wants

to be left behind 24
• Manufacturing  25
• Media and entertainment  26
• Automotive  27
• Government  28
Current 5G ecosystem in India  29
Conclusion  31
Glossary of terms  32
About Confederation of India Industry 33
Acknowledgements  34
Contacts  34
References  35

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Foreword

5G will be a game changer for India with the potential to create significant social and
economic impact. As the 5G ecosystem develops in the country, telcos are expected
to focus beyond connectivity towards collaboration across the telecom value chain
and cross-sector, leading to the creation of new business models and innovation.
India is making giant strides towards cross-sector convergence, spearheading digital
transformation across industries.

As the nation prepares for the launch of 5G, favourable regulatory policies to
develop digital infrastructure are expected to drive investments to fuel the growth
of 5G ecosystem. With basic connectivity solutions already in store, more advanced
capabilities with cloud, mobile edge computing, complex-converged automation,
IoT, artificial intelligence (AI), and augmented and virtual reality, are expected to
enable industries to drive efficiencies and unlock the full economic potential of 5G.
Investments are being made for the impending arrival of 5G as much in the telecom
sector as other industries, such as manufacturing, healthcare, government, and
Sathish Gopalaiah retail.
Partner
Leader, Telecommunications The adoption of these above-mentioned capabilities, along with next-generation
Deloitte India hyper-scale solutions, will not only cause a paradigm shift from traditional services to
Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS) but also challenge the existing boundaries of Quality-
of-Service (QoS), and personalisation and overall customer experience.

This report presents a view on the following:

• Progress made thus far to make 5G a reality in India
• Ever-evolving 5G ecosystem and the rise of new value chain players
• Telecom value chain and cross-sector player preparations to embrace 5G
• Key considerations in facilitating the commercial launch of 5G in India during 2020

Policy roadmap addressing the spectrum, infrastructural, and business challenges,

favourable investment climate, indigenous technology development, and customised
use cases in the Indian context will help in the timely adoption of 5G in India, realising
the industrial internet and digital aspirations across the connected society.

We hope that you find this report insightful and enriching!

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Message from CII

5G has the potential to transform our economy. It will enable wireless broadband
services to be provided at gigabit speeds, and offer low latency and high reliability to
support new types of applications, connecting devices and objects through internet
of thing (IoT). It will fuel the development of innovative business models across
multiple sectors ranging from transport, health, and manufacturing to logistics,
energy, and media and entertainment.

It is an opportunity for operators to move beyond connectivity and collaborate

across sectors such as finance, transport, retail, and health to deliver new and better
services. It is also an opportunity for industry, society, and individuals to advance
their digital ambitions, using 5G as a catalyst for innovation. 5G will naturally evolve
from existing 4G networks and it will mark an inflection point in the future of
communications, bringing instantaneous high-powered connectivity to billions of
devices. It will enable machines to communicate without human intervention in an
IoT environment capable of driving a near-endless array of services.
Umang Das
Chairman Although 5G will engage a new generation of consumers attracted by innovative
CII Telecom Convergence services and seamless connectivity, new demands will be placed on finite spectrum
Summit’19 resources. We will need greater bandwidth to meet the speed and capacity
requirements of an increasingly connected society. Operators must be prepared
to meet the challenges of a network designed for both people and machines.
Governments and service providers must also be ready to meet demands in the
future.

This transformation is not waiting for the launch of 5G. Many digital changes to our
society are already underway, using existing networks. However, what additional
5G brings here is the speed, reliability, and spread they will need to reach their full
potential in the future. We know where we want to go and how to get there. However,
we cannot take our foot off the pedal. We need the continued commitment of
industry players, policy makers, and national authorities to complete this journey.

The success of 5G depends on the adoption of common global standards to ensure

that all parties can begin using 5G as a platform for innovation soon at the lowest
possible cost. We should work closely with members and players across the
ecosystem to define the technologies, identify spectrum bands and develop business
models and policy initiatives that will bring 5G to life. Through industry collaboration,
we can ensure that 5G becomes an evolutionary change with a revolutionary impact.

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

5G commercial launch in India:

Are we ready?

In the previous convergence summit held in 2018, CII and National Digital Communications Policy (NDCP) lays the
Deloitte released first in the series of the thought leadership foundation for next generation
on 5G, ‘5G – The catalyst of digital revolution in India’. As we move forward, India aspires to unlock the digital
The thought leadership discussed various aspects of the value chain with the recently announced NDCP and 5G India
technology, its impact on various industry stakeholders, 2020 forum with an emphasis on timely development of 5G
India’s preparedness, use cases that could transform various infrastructure.
industries and society, and implementation challenges. Last
year same time, India was planning to launch 5G in line with The policy sets directions to lay foundations for the 5G
the global commercial launch. ecosystem to:
• Enhance the digital communication sector’s contribution to
While the global commercial launch of 5G has been seen in
India’s GDP to 8%1
countries such as the U.S., Korea, and the U.K., 5G launch in
• Propel India to become one of the top 50 nations on the
India is slated for 2020.
ICT development index of International Telecommunication
Union (ITU)2

Figure 1: Goals to deliver a 5G-ready future3

Connectivity Investment for Strengthen Build capability

goals innovation infrastructure setup to deliver
• Create a roadmap for • Attract investments of • Set up fibre first initiative • Establish a centre of
emerging technologies US$ 100 billion in digital fiberisation of at least excellence for spectrum
– 5G, AI, IoT, robotics, communications sector 60% of telecom towers management, security,
cloud, and M2M and next-generation
• Create innovation-led • Establish a national
networks
• Encourage the use of start-ups in the digital grid with common
open APIs for emerging communications sector service ducts and utility • Promote and create a
technologies corridors fund for R&D in new
• Create globally
technologies for start-
• Adequate licensed and recognised IPRs in India • Set up common RoW
ups and entrepreneurs
unlicensed spectrum for with standardisation of
• Increase contribution to
IoT/M2M services cost and timeline • Promote innovation by
the global value chain
fostering the intellectual
• Ensure the availability of • Encourage and facilitate
• Move towards Industry property rights regime
spectrum for 5G in <1 active infrastructure
4.0
GHz, 1-6 GHz, and >6 sharing • Provide financial
GHz bands • Develop standard incentive to develop SEPs
• Establish a global hub for
essential patents (SEPs)
• Enhance backhaul cloud computing, content • Simplify the process for
capacity to support next- hosting, and delivery obtaining experimental
generation networks licences and establishing
• Simplify the licensing and
regulatory sandboxes
• Review industry practice regulatory framework
• Promote design-led
for traffic prioritisation (security, data centres,
manufacturing and
for 5G-enabled and content delivery
strict compliance to
applications and services networks)
preferential market
access requirement

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Movement/transition of data traffic to 4G

With 750 million unique subscribers, India has cemented its place as the world’s second-largest smartphone market. 4

Figure 2: Transition of data traffic in India across five years over technologies Data usage/volume (in billion GB) 5
100%

90%

80%
0.35
70% 0.70 2.77

60% 16.42
40.30
50%

40%

30%
0.34 1.22
20% 0.47

10% 3.18
5.65
0.47
0% 0.42 0.44
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

2G 3G 4G

The year 2018 saw users consume more data in a single month compared with the total data consumed over a period of
five months in 2016.
• The continued increase in 4G data consumption has been fueled by the migration of data users from 2G and 3G to 4G. The
total volume of wireless data usage increased from 20.09 billion GB in 2017 to 46.40 billion GB in 2018 at a growth rate of
131%.
• 4G data traffic increased by 132%, whereas 3G data traffic saw a de-growth of 1% (YoY).
• 99.7% of the total data traffic, carried over mobile networks in December 2018, was driven by 3G and 4G technology users.
• 4G (LTE) traffic contributed a major part i.e., 86.85% of the total data traffic with a volume of 40.30 billion GB in 2018.
• 4G data consumption has been driven by an increase in 4G device penetration, heavy discounts and offers from telecom
operators and OEMs, and a growing digital ecosystem.

Regulatory endeavour for 5G spectrum allocation

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) had convened a workshop “Enabling 5G in India” in May 2019.6 The workshop
gave an opportunity to stakeholders to present and align their considerations for the timely implementation of 5G in India.7
A need for a more harmonised spectrum and moving to higher frequency bands for capacity fulfilment requirements were
identified as key enablers.

India is finalising spectrum across the 600MHz, 1.4GHz, 2.6GHz, 4.8GHz, 26GHz, 31GHz, 47GHz, and E and V bands (for
microwave – access backhaul traffic). Consensus over these bands will be further shared at the World Radiocommunication
Conference 2019 (WRC-19) convened by ITU in October 2019.8

06
 Table 1: Global comparator: 5G deployment progress9 (illustrative list)

5G Commercial Commercial South Korea Commercial Commercial Commercial EE launched Vodafone/Huawei Verizon began rolling
commercial deployment deployment yet to Telecom, KT, and deployment yet to deployment yet to deployment yet to the 5G network launched the 5G out its 5G services
deployment yet to be be implemented LG Uplus launched be implemented be implemented be implemented in six cities network in 15 major in Chicago and
implemented the world's first (London, Cardiff, Spanish cities on 15 Minneapolis on
nationwide 5G Edinburgh, Belfast, June 2019 3 April 2019
services in March Birmingham, and

maturity level
2019 Manchester) on 30
May 2019
5G partial Partial Sri Lanka's Dialog South Korea China to roll out 5G NTT DoCoMo 5G MegaFon The UK operator Orange plans to AT&T rolled out mobile
deployment deployment Axiata and TRCSL Telecom and nationwide (40 plans to launch 5G tested in Russia EE plans to launch 5G in Spain in 5G service in 12 US
yet to be completed 5G Korea Telecom cities) 5G coverage services at venues World Cup 2018 launch 5G (in 2019 cities in December
implemented transmission using showcased 5G by 1 October 2019 of the 2020 Tokyo London, Cardiff, 2018
commercial grade service at the Olympic and Russian mobile Edinburgh, Belfast,
base stations and 2018 Olympic Huawei claimed Paralympic Games operators are Birmingham, and Sprint/Nokia/
end-user devices Winter Games in the world's first set to launch Manchester) on 30 Qualcomm completed
in December 2018 PyeongChang 5G hardware for commercial 5G May 2019 the world's first
the automotive networks in 2020 over-the-air 5G data
industry (22 April Vodafone UK transmission using 2.5
2019) plans to release GHz on its commercial
5G in the Lake network in January
District and 2019
Cornwall in 2019
5G test/ Bharti A successful field South Korea 5G China Mobile/ NTT DoCoMo/ MegaFon/Huawei 5G Centre for Vodafone Spain Qualcomm
trials Airtel and test of the pre-5G Telecom, along ZTE completed Huawei tested 5G cellular Communication launched 5G trials Technologies tested
Huawei have LTE Advanced Pro with Samsung, testing the world’s demonstrated networks via TV Systems Research in Madrid, Valencia, first 5G mobile
successfully technology was Nokia, Ericsson, first pre-5G mobile internet channel "Russia (Huawei, Fujitsu, Seville, and Barcelona connection with a
conducted conducted Samsung, Intel, massive MIMO speed of 3.6 Gbps 24" EE, Aircom, in June 2018 connection speed of 1
India’s first and Rohde base station in the world's first BT, Samsung, Gbit/s
5G network & Schwarz, large-scale public MTS/Nokia and Telefonica,
trial under a completed a 5G network test of 5G Ericsson tested 5G Vodafone, Verizon (with Cisco,
test setup field trial in Chengdu, China at the World Cup Aeroflex, and Ericsson, Nokia,
soccer games in Rohde and Qualcomm, Samsung)
Vodafone, The 5G NTT Russia in 2018 Schwarz) conducted 5G testing
Samsung, Jio, DoCoMo/Nokia conducted 5G in "sandboxes" (small
and BSNL are trial of real-time A 5G trial testing at Surrey testing areas)
said to be transmission of 8K were done by University
in talks for of 48 Gbps video Rostelecom with AT&T/Ericsson
conducting was held on May Ericsson in St. conducted 5G trials/
5G trials soon 19 2016 Petersburg and testing
with Nokia in
Skolkovo
5G research Ericsson sets Sri Lanka Telecom 5G forum IMT 2020, a 5G The Ministry of Megafon, 5G Centre for Telefonica and AT&T, T-Mobile, and
up a centre and Dialog Axiata established promotion group, Internal Affairs and Rostelecom, MTS, Communication ZTE Corporation Sprint, along with
of excellence undertake 5G to develop 5G was formulated Communication, and Vimpelcom Systems Research established 5G testing Nokia, Ericsson,
(CoE) and research standards with supported by 5G commenced 5G focused on labs Google, and Facebook,
incubation private- and Mobile Promotion research accelerating 5G commenced R&D on
centre with a public- sector Forum, started field implementation 5G technologies
5G test bed at participation, trials in 2017
IIT Delhi including South
Korea Telecom,
Korea Telecom,
and LG
COUNTRIES India Sri Lanka South Korea China Japan Russia United Kingdom Spain United States

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Progress has been made on policy front to prepare for a 5G future

Figure 3: Policy landscape to steer the growth of digital revolution10

National Digital Communications Policy 2018

Draft Cloud Computing Policy

National Manufacturing Policy

Policy
landscape

Electronics Development Fund

Preferential Market Access (PMA)
(EDF) policy

National Digital Communications Policy 2018

Promotes fiberisation Promotes effective Aims to set up 10 Establishes a
and establishing global use of the E and V million Wi-Fi hotspots comprehensive data
hub for cloud computing spectrum bands and by 2022 across the rural protection regime for
promulgation of 5G and urban areas digital communications
networks

Draft Cloud Computing Policy

Mandates the localisation of Promotes the identification of 20 Recommends the development
data generated in India locations for data centre setup of a “national cloud strategy”

Electronics Development Fund (EDF) and National Manufacturing Policy

Provides companies risk capital The government of India R&D incentives and capital
to develop new technologies in provides a capital subsidy of up subsidy for promoting
electronics and IT to 25% for 10 years manufacturing

Preferential Market Access (PMA)

Provides OEM competitive advantages in Incentivising private operators to buy domestic
government bids and receiving tax benefits telecom products

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Efforts to have an indigenous 5G technology Mega cloud push will accelerate change in India’s
ITU plans to setup its first innovation centre in India. Ten Indian infrastructure
academic institutions are expected to join ITU; the number The Indian data centre market is slated to grow at a CAGR of
is expected to increase to about 40 institutions in the near about 9% to reach about ~US$ 4 billion by 2018−2024.12
future.11 Through such initiatives, India is expected to drive A key growth driver for data centre is the need for mega cloud
inclusive growth to strengthen its R&D capabilities, generate environments, which have become commonplace for deploying
more Intellectual Property (IP), and drive the growth of automation, AI, and machine learning (ML) for driving multiple
indigenous manufacturers. use cases for 5G service across industries.

The government’s ‘Make in India’ campaign aims to establish Market entry by new players, and investment across new
India as a global manufacturing hub by bringing telecom hyper-scale and edge facilities against the backdrop of land,
equipment, chip, and smartphone manufacturing to the power, water cooling, fibre availability, and data localisation are
country. This will further help make 5G an indigenous expected to shape the dynamics of the market over the next
technology. three years. India's data localisation bill, known as the Personal
Data Protection Bill, is also likely to play a key role in increasing
the number of data centres in the country.

Figure 4: Cloud computing spend13

400 8
CAGR 16.5% pa
7.2
350 7
Cloud spending – Global (US$ billion)

345
Cloud spending – India (US$ billion)

300 6

250 5

200 4
CAGR 30% pa
187
150 3
2.5
100 2

50 1

0 0
Year 2018 Year 2022

Cloud spending - Global Cloud spending - India

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Encircling the seamless – what is

the 5G ecosystem?

5G technology is expected to give a plethora of opportunities to telecom value chain players willing to increase investments
in infrastructure to meet demands for 5G use cases. As 5G technology will be initially built on existing 4G infrastructure (i.e.,
non-standalone deployments), service providers and other value chain players can work on an incremental basis as a part of
the 5G evolutionary process. Telcos are constantly innovating to minimise cost and improve time to market for delivering 5G
service offerings. There are multiple cases of partnerships across the value chain to innovate solutions for 5G deployment,
which leads to the growth of new business models.

Figure 5: Telecom value chain players across 5G ecosystem14

Electrical
Radio Network Application

3 5 6
Component Wireless device Infrastructure
manufacturers manufacturers providers

1 2
Service/
4 application End users
Wireless chipset providers
manufacturers/ Network equipment Mobile network
handset manufacturers operators
manufacturers

Policy and standards framework

1. Handset manufacturers geared up for 5G

According
 to a Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) report, a device ecosystem should consist of phones, hotspots,
indoor CPE, outdoor CPE, modules, dongles/adapters, and USB terminals, (collectively known as form factors). Until June 2019,
GSA has identified 13 such form factors, 39 vendors with available or forthcoming 5G devices, 90 announced devices,
25 phones, 7 hotspots, and 23 CPE devices.15

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Figure 6: Upcoming and existing device ecosystem (Illustrative list)16

Phone • Samsung Galaxy S10 5G • Oppo R15

>10
• LG V50 THINQ • Samsung Galaxy Fold
• Huawei Mate X • Huawei Mate 20 x 5G
• Xiaomi Mi Mix 3 • One Plus 7 Pro 5G
>15
• ZTE Axon 10 Pro • Nokia 10
CPE
• Fibocom FG100 • Inseega R1000
8
• Huawei 5G CPE 2.0 (mmWave) • Nokia Fastmile 5G Gateway
• Huawei 5G CPE 2.0 (Sub-6Ghz) • Samsung SFG-D0100
• Huawei 5G CPE Win
15
• Huawei 5G CPE Pro

Hotspot
3 • HTC 5G Hub (US bands)
• HTC 5G hub (Europe & Asia bands)
• Netgear Nighthawk M5 Fusion
4 MR5000

Module
4 • Fibocom FG100
• Huawei MH5000
• SIMCom Wireless SIM8200-EA-M2
16 • SIMCom Wireless SIM8200G

Dongle
1
• Motorola 5G Moto Mod (only on Verizon)

Commercially available To be launched

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

The Indian telecom industry's major players, including • I nnovation in semiconductors used for developing
JioPhone, Foxconn, HTC, Huawei, Lava, and Google, have 5G technologies
formed The Mobile Association (TMA) that works towards Semiconductor manufacturers are innovating solutions
developing the 5G device ecosystem.17 for 5G networks that can be used with 4G technology as
well. With the launch of 5G, China, Japan, South Korea,
2. Equipment manufacturers - Key for new business and Taiwan are becoming hotspots for semiconductors,
opportunities serving global clients.18 China remains one of the largest
consumers in the semiconductor market. Companies
• Advancements in network Infrastructure
such as Samsung and Huawei are creating their own
Telecom equipment manufacturers are focusing on
chips through their subsidiaries Samsung Austin
cloud solutions such as Cloud RAN (or CRAN) and
Semiconductor and HiSilicon, respectively.
Virtual-RAN, which involves the virtualisation of Radio
Access Network (RAN).
• Driving partnership projects
The value proposition of 5G lies in fast data connectivity
• Scalable 5G – flexible business opportunities
and new business opportunities that will be enabled by
To achieve economies of scale and smoothly transition
it. To realise new business opportunities, collaboration
to 5G, equipment manufacturers are coming up with
among players across the telecom value chain is
solutions related to 5G spectrum sharing and 5G carrier
imperative. Examples of collaborators already in play are
aggregation.
provided:

Table 2: Innovation through collaborations19 (Illustrative list)

Reason for collaboration Participating entities Examples

Development of next-generation hardware Network transformation providers and • Ericsson and Intel
management platforms semiconductor manufacturers • Nokia and Intel
5G MoU – to operate 5G in the market Network transformation providers and • Ericsson, along with multiple service
telecom service providers providers, such as Bharti Airtel,
T-Mobile, and Zain
• Huawei, along with China Telecom, and
China Mobile
Accelerate innovation and digital Multiple telecom equipment • Ericsson and Cisco
transformation manufacturers and solution providers
Develop 5G business models Telecom service providers and 5G • Orange and Dell
technology solution providers
Cloud computing enabled 5G for scalable Telecom service providers or equipment • AT&T and Microsoft
solutions manufacturers and cloud solution • Nokia and AWS
providers

• Rise of IoT platforms and IoT device ecosystems

The number of connected IoT devices is forecast to increase at a 10% CAGR between 2018 and 2025. By the end of 2021, this
number would exceed other device connections (phones, tablets, PCs, etc.). By 2025, the number of IoT connections will reach
~25 billion with smart building and smart home leading the way. 20

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Figure 7: Growth of IoT connections by 202521

30 Industrial

Consumer 1.5 25.2

25 0.7 0.3 0.2
0.8
1.6
5
20

0.5 0.3
15 0.7 Consumer IoT – 11.5 billion connections
1.3
3.2 Industrial IoT - 13.7 billion connections

10 9.1

5 Consumer IoT – 5.5 billion connections

Industrial IoT – 3.6 billion connections

0
2018 2025
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3. Infrastructure providers - expanding the network As emerging technologies, such as 5G, IoT, and smart
footprint cities, will drive massive growth in data transactions, a
5G networks will need a network of small cells with 5G robust infrastructure would be required to keep systems
antennae placed throughout the city, compared with operational by providing uninterrupted power supply.
the huge, geographically dispersed cell towers of the
LTE technology. Infrastructure costs for the network Most of this additional infrastructure will likely be built with
footprint could be grouped under the following four small cells that use lamp posts, utility phones, or other
areas: similar-sized structures that can host smaller, less obtrusive
• Upgrades to the traditional network radios required to build a densified network. Tower and
Infrastructure Providers Association (TAIPA) is also targeting to
• Addition of new macro sites
deploy diesel-free sites using efficient solutions, such as Li-ion
• Creation of the new 5G layer
batteries, advanced VRLA batteries, simple power panels, fuel
• Addition of small cells cells, outdoor sites, free cooling units, and solar cooling units.22

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

4. Mobile network operators - supporting the 5G ecosystem

New technologies being adopted by telcos for radio, core, and transport network
To facilitate smooth roll out of 5G, operators need to identify the deployment approach effectively using existing investments
and best supporting their own business strategies. Telcos/TSPs are making investments in several new technologies to
achieve a 5G-ready status:

Figure 8: Enhancements across networks to meet 5G requirements (Illustrative list)23, 24, 25, 26, 27

Radio
Market highlights
Cloud RAN
5G
The global cloud radio
access network (C-RAN)
market is expected to
RAN solutions in the cloud
provide high scalability to Technologies
reach ~ US$ 14 billion by address varying demand
2022, at ~21% of CAGR for capacity using powerful
over 2019−2022. Expected new capabilities, such as AI
growth drivers: reduced (for real-time optimisation)
costs, improved energy and edge cloud (to improve
efficiency, spectrum subscriber experience. Transport
utilisation among others.
Core
Market Highlights

Software Defined Network Function

The deployment of 5G or Small cell Networking (SDN) Virutalisation (NFV) The network function
multimode small cells is virtualisation market
While serving a much SDN architecture, along with The concept of NFV
expected to cross the one is expected to see 42%
smaller geographical area Path Computation Engine decouples software from
million mark in 2020 and growth to reach US$ 70
than a macro cell, small Protocol (PCEP) capability, hardware. Using this
further increase steeply billion by 2024.
cells increase network can be used in 5G networks technology, it is expected
to reach 5.2 million in
coverage, capacity, and to facilitate ways to automate that network administrators Expected growth
2025. The total installed
quality of service to deliver optimised paths and do not need to invest in high- drivers: Significant capex
base count of 5G small
dense coverage and high- network redundancy from priced, proprietary hardware and opex reduction
cell in 2025 is predicted
capacity network required a centralised control plane to set up a service chain of opportunity, increasing
to be 13.1 million.
by 5G. and circumnavigating major network-connected devices. data centres and cloud
Expected growth drivers:
outages by determining Instead, they create virtual services, adoption of IoT
increasing data uptake,
optimal data flows in real network functions that can
rising high bandwidth
time. be installed in a few days or a
required applications, and
week instead of months.
increasing urbanisation

Massive MIMO Network slicing Mobile Edge Computing The global edge
Valued at US$ 1.05 (MEC) computing market
billion in 2017, the global MIMO uses a combination Networking slicing is a
fundamental building is expected to reach
massive MIMO market of advanced antennas with MEC is a network architecture
block of 5G core networks, US$ 6.96 billion over
is expected to expand a large number of steerable that supports computing and
enabling operators to 2018−2024, growing at a
at a CAGR of more than ports to significantly storage at the edge of the
rapidly create custom CAGR of 34%.
39% from 2018 to 2026 increase the number network, i.e., closer to users,
services by segregating thereby lowering low latency
to reach US$ 20.85 of transmission points.
traffic and delivering specific
billion. Expected growth This increases spectral essential for delivering
sets of KPIs for each of
drivers: 4.5G technology, efficiency and network mission critical and massive
them. These independent
improved SNR (signal to capacity, and delivers IoT device ecosystem. Edge
network instances enable
noise ratio), link reliability, faster data throughput. service-specific service technology can be invaluable
expected launch of 5G level agreement (SLA) for the process of machine
needs for connectivity, learning, automation, and big
mobility, capacity, security, data applications.
redundancy, and QoS/QoE.

5G network deployments are primarily service-based architectures (SBA) providing a modular framework where all functions are
deployed through open software on generic hardware rather than proprietary hardware-software combination. This is both a
significant advantage over legacy wireless networks and a source of vulnerability, as software is more easily subject to malicious
attacks exploiting weaknesses. Due to these vulnerabilities, along with the transition to edge clouds, end-to-end security from the
mobile core to the edge is a pre-requisite.

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Figure 9: Security challenges and mitigations28

5G security concerns 5G security resolutions

Resilience
DDoS to potential
threats
System
vulnerabilities
Identity
Phishing management
Privacy
and assurance
malware
Recurring
security
Data loss & & threat
inadequate data evaluation
back-up Negligence & Communication
insider threat security

Deloitte is assisting government and private sector players build telecom infrastructure. It is offering assistance in the following
areas: network capex prioritisation, network planning, detailed project report, investment estimations, design and bill of
quantities development, and project management to meet connectivity requirements. Deloitte has also been involved in data
centre design and implementation, security operation centre (SOC) development, etc., in the telecom infrastructure space.

Deloitte’s engagements also span across robotics process automation, big data analytics, AI and ML design, and
implementation for telecom and cross-sector players.

5G spectrum bands
To provide diversified 5G use cases, operators will need spectrum across three frequency ranges − below 1 GHz, 1 - 6 GHz, and
above 6 GHz. The 3.5GHz band has been identified as the primary band in many countries as it is expected to be harmonised.

Operators would need to use multiple combinations of bands to provide a wide variety of uses cases as there is a trade-off among
coverage, capacity, and latency for each band.

Figure 10: Key characteristics across spectrum bands (illustrative)29

Low band Mid band High band
< 1 GHz 1–6 GHz 24–40 GHz
• Ubiquitous coverage (outside-in • High capacity • Ultra high broadband speed
Characteristics and deep indoor) • Low latency • Extremely low latency
• Wide coverage

Suitable area of application • Rural areas • Urban and sub-urban areas • Dense urban areas

• mMTC • eMBB • eMBB

Use case category • eMBB • URLLC
• mMTC
• TV broadcasting • Environmental monitoring • Industrial IOT
• Multimedia services • Smart cities • Fixed wireless access
Use case • Voice services • Mission critical services – • High-definition cloud gaming
security and safety • Real-time augmented reality
• Critical IoT applications service
• New Zealand • Japan • China • Ireland • China
• India • UK • South Korea • UK • South Korea
Countries supporting • Canada • Spain • India • Spain • India
different bands • Mexico • South Africa • Brazil • China • Brazil
• Albania • Australia • France • Italy • Hong kong

15
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

In India, the regulator has harmonised 700 MHz band and will have to increase infrastructure spending to cope with
identified 3.5 GHz band for IMT service. 30,31 Telecom service increasing traffic.
providers plan for 4G and 5G deployments in line with the
spectrum roll out and the regulator’s harmonisation plans.
In the Indian context, both the strategies are being seen to
be deployed by telcos. While Reliance Jio focuses on a lean-in
Investment requirements for 5G deployment
strategy, other telcos seem to be having a more conservative
Cost and investments related to traditional 2G, 3G, and 4G outlook. With debt-laden financials, telecom service providers
networks, unlike those for 5G, are likely to differ over time (TSPs) are in dilemma to meet the capital needs of network
and would depend on local conditions. Operators have expansion. Private telcos are now attempting to monetise on
at least two options. The first involves a lean-in strategy the fibre opportunity through fiberco and towerco separations,
in which they prioritise 5G investments in anticipation of thereby trying to deleverage a big chunk of their (overall) debt
accelerating commercial prospects. The second involves and making themselves asset-light. Fund raising is also for the
a more conservative method in which they delay 5G need to expand 4G networks and make them 5G ready. Hence,
investments as long as possible while existing networks the network expansion is already underway to expand 4G
are upgraded. Even if operators delay 5G investments, they networks and lay the foundation for 5G in the near future.

Figure 11: Network infrastructure transformation of telco-fiberco separation (illustrative list) 32, 33, 34, 35

Net debt: ~US$ 15.65 billion Net debt: ~US$ 16.44 billion Net debt: ~ US$ 22.06 billion
Towers: Bharti Infratel Towers: Bharti Infratel Towers: 220,000
and Indus merger (163,000 and Indus merger (163,000 Fibre: 300,000 route KMs
towers) towers)
Fibre: 246,000 route KMs Fibre: 156,000 route KMs

Bharti Airtel Vodafone Idea Limited Reliance Jio

Bharti Airtel is in the last stages The segregation of fibre assets The transfer of control of
of transferring its optical fibre sets the stage for VIL to engage assets has been done to
cable network to its wholly in active discussions with two InvITs – Digital Fibre
owned subsidiary, Telesonic potential buyers, which could Infrastructure Trust and Tower
Networks Ltd, by way of a culminate in a fast-track hive- Infrastructure Trust, which is
Network slump sale. off of the fibre business. set up by a wholly owned unit
infrastructure VIL’s fibre network asset has of Reliance Industries (RIL).
transformation The objective of this been estimated to be US$
of telcos transaction is to have a truly 0.43−0.45 billion. Incremental capex related to
- fiberco independent fiberco with ability network infrastructure will also
separation to monetise the fibre assets be made by InvITs, which will
and also avoid duplication of reduce Jio’s capex intensity and
capex. strengthen its balance sheet.

Bharti Airtel and Vodafone

Idea Limited are likely to
announce their optic fibre
combined entity, which will be
an Infrastructure Investment
Trust (InvIT).

Deloitte has been assisting telcos in the innovative structuring of hived off businesses such as Investment Infrastructure Trust
as part of tower and fibre assets separation. This helps drive investments in infrastructure. The company is also helping telcos
in separating business plan development for valuation, asset valuation, potential operating model, plan for monetisation, and
separation advisory.

16
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Partnerships and alliances for monetisation LTE-A and 5G being underlying technologies for end-to-
end connectivity.
5G monetisation can be tricky and many service providers
are struggling with how to monetise 5G use cases. Effective
2) Rise of content partnership among telcos and CDN/
monetisation of 5G use cases among other things, demands
OTT players
agile, low-latency high-performance networks and supporting
To boost revenues, there has been a significant upswing in
systems based on modern software methodologies.
partnerships between telcos and CDN/OTT players in India
and globally to provide exclusive video content, games,
New business models are seen to be evolving with cross-sector music, etc., to former’s subscriber. Moreover, content
partnerships to provide IoT services to retail and enterprise providers are promoting their platforms aggressively
customers. To meet the demand for high quality-of-service through a two-pronged strategy.
and high-definition content, telecom service providers are
a. Allow
 initial free usage to enable customer to
partnering with content data network (CDN) and over-the-top
experience platforms and content consumption.
(OTT) players.
b.  Incremental premium fees at a later stage after
1) Offering end-to-end IoT solution to enterprise and
consumer behaviour is in favour.
retail consumers
Telcos are partnering with IoT device OEMs to offer end-
to-end solutions to enterprise and retail consumers, with

Figure 12: Business models evolving through cross-sector alliances and partnerships (illustrative list) 36, 37

Content Partnership between End-to-end IoT solution to

TELCOs and CDN/OTT players Enterprise and Retail consumers

Global 5G-enabled smart office solution

• AT&T acquired Time Warner and HBO to bring premium SK Telecoms partnered with Samsung and Cisco to provide a
content direct to consumer distribution (D2C) using high- 5G-based smart office solution offering customised mobile
speed networks to provide differentiated, high-quality, enterprise phones, collaboration solutions, mobile-oriented
mobile-first entertainment experience to customers. business environments, and 5G network services per client
• Verizon acquired AOL and Yahoo, and combined Yahoo’s requirements.
internet assets with AOL’s business to create Oath, an
integrated AOL-Yahoo operation, to enhance their capabilities
in content provision and drive data business growth
PoS (point-of-sale) machines (unorganised sectors)
• British Telecom (BT) signed a deal with Amazon to have Amazon
Reliance Jio bundled Jio Mobile PoS device with Reliance Jio
Prime Video app available via the UK telco TV set-top boxes.
mobile 4G network services to connect the unorganised retail
• Telefonica and Netflix formed a global partnership to integrate
industry to its 4G network. Reliance’s subscribers can use the
Netflix’s service into Telefonica’s TV and video platforms
service to order supplies.
across Europe and Latin America.
• France based Orange, established its own original content
services to create content, which it makes available on a
wholesale basis and not just to its own customers.
Connected cars
India MG Motor partnered with Cisco, Microsoft, and Unlimit to come
• Vodafone Idea partnered with digital content provider SonyLIV up with their first internet car with the advanced connectivity
to provide access to SonyLIV exclusive digital content across system, which is a complete integrated solution that combines
all genres to Vodafone Idea subscribers. Vodafone Idea also hardware, software, connectivity services, and applications with
collaborated with OTT player ZEE5 to offer a content portfolio the first of its kind machine-to-machine sim.
of ZEE5 to Vodafone Idea subscribers.
• Airtel and Netflix formed a strategic partnership wherein
select Airtel postpaid and broadband subscribers received
free subscription of Netflix for three months and Airtel
postpaid subscribers can pay for Netflix in their Airtel bills. Surveillance in commercial and residential buildings
• Reliance Jio picked up a significant stake in home-grown Telcos in India are partnering with CCTV OEMs like CP Plus and
content providers, such as Eros International and AltBalaji, in Kent CamEye to provide surveillance services which are now
content sharing deals. an important compliance for every residential and commercial
• DTH operator Tata Sky partnered with Amazon to launch a buildings from security point-of-view.
platform ‘Tata Sky Binge’, which aggregates digital contents
from multiple apps.

17
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Innovative products and services (cloud-based on generic hardware that allows greater flexibility. This
infrastructure enabling micro-services) is expected to significantly reduce time-to-market and
deployment cost as systems are configured on generic
For the effective monetisation of business models revolving
hardware using a high degree of automation. This helps
around 5G network, telcos would need to act as an
further reduce costs and ensure faster resolution of
intermediary to enable 5G network connectivity, agile network
issues.
infrastructure, and different types of bundled service offerings.
Telcos are also seen realising the importance of picking the • elcos are expected to evaluate benefits of transitioning
T
right partner and systems for such network transformation. their existing network for 5G deployment vis-a-vis
greenfield deployment of 5G network to keep up with
• elcos will have to transit to a micro-service model
T
market competition.
(instead of a traditional monolithic model), which
is expected to have multiple benefits, such as rapid • elcos are looking forward to introduce innovative products
T
deployment, autonomy of application offering lower and services through cross-sector collaboration with OEMs,
capex and opex, agility, dynamic extendibility, and service software vendors, and cross-sector partners. In the 5G era,
scalability through the deployment of cloud-based the B2B2C business model is likely to be more prevalent
infrastructure. with telcos providing connectivity, platform, analytics, and
AI, IoT, and AR-VR solutions across sectors.
• elcos will have to upgrade or migrate their networks to
T
modern day systems, which are more software-driven,

18
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

19
20
Figure 13: Innovative products and services in the 5G era (illustrative list) 38

Sector Use cases Market Network feature Services Examples

opportunity requirements
Entertainment Infotainment The global • Enhanced • Consumer – 180 • In the US, Verizon demonstrated a multi-user VR experience using a
services connected mobile degree and 360 360 degree camera that transmitted over a 5G system.
on public automotive broadband degree videos, VR • In the US, AT&T enables its customers to capture their 3D AR
transport infotainment • Ultra-low game streaming, and holograms and view them in real time.
immersive system market is latency AR non-time sensitive
• In Finland, Telia uses 5G to provide 3G VR transmissions of a football
event forecast to reach performance advertising overlay
match in Telia 5G Arena.
experience US$ 53.28 billion by • Industry – Real-time
• In Japan, NTT DOCOMO introduced first 360-degree 8K 3D VR
for public 2026. AR content overlay,
system for live video streaming for upcoming sporting events, such
spaces (rise and holographic
as Rugby World Cup, Tokyo Summer Olympics, and nationwide
of AR and VR
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

solutions
cultural events, such as Shogatsu, Setsubun, and celebrating
content)
emperor’s birthday.

Immersive The video game • Increased cell • AR/VR applications • In Australia, Optus provides 5G wireless services to customers (using
experience segment is expected capacity • Video and music fixed wireless access).
for homes to spearhead the • Deep indoor streaming • France Televisions provides 5G ultra-HD broadcast to its customers.
Online entire AR and VR coverage • Over-the-top gaming • Orange Romania conducted trials with CISCO and Samsung using
interactive market, reaching
• Low latency for • Cloud-based mmWave technology for 5G to offer 5G experience to consumers.
gaming a valuation of US$
delay sensitive environments for small • In South Korea, LG U Plus Corp is set to release cloud-based virtual
217.26 billion by the
applications, offices reality (VR) gaming service in 2019, taking advantage of its low-
end of 2025.
such as VR latency 5G network.
• Ultra-HD broadcast
Automotive Connected The global • Ultra-low • Locations services • O2 UK will provide spectrum to a government-funded project for
vehicle connected car latency • GPS testing 5G-enabled connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV)
market was valued • High reliability technologies using 2.3GHz and 3.4GHz airwaves.
• Infotainment
at US$ 63.02 • American automotive giant Ford is building its own LTE/5G network
• Mission critical • Truck platooning/
billion in 2017. It is to test connected cars in a private environment in Dearborn
services management as a
projected to reach (Michigan, US), operating across 3.5GHz CBRS band and using
• Security service
US$ 225.15 billion equipment from Ericsson, Juniper, and Dell.
by 2025, registering
• Samsung has signed an MoU with Korea Transportation Safety
a CAGR of 17.1%
Authority (KOTSA) to collaborate on autonomous driving innovation.
from 2018 to 2025.
• Airtel has identified the auto sector as a focus area and is building
platforms through partnerships for connected cars. The telco has
started talks with several automakers for potential partnerships. It
is also exploring alliances with global telecom operators to provider
IoT solutions to their auto customers in India.
• India’s telecom operator Vodafone Idea has signed an exclusive
partnership agreement with Hyundai AutoEver India, a subsidiary of
Hyundai Motor Group, for the roll out of connected car services with
Hyundai Blue Link technology. The tie-up will enable Hyundai cars
(starting with its recently launched SUV Hyundai VENUE) to offer
‘advanced connected car functionality’. The partnership will see
Hyundai deploy a connected solution in the Indian market with the
integration of eSIMS with voice, 3G/4G data, SMS, etc.
 Sector Use cases Market Network feature Services Examples
opportunity requirements
Healthcare Tele- The global • Ultra-low • Wireless tele-surgery • A successful surgery was carried out at a hospital in China using
medicine telemedicine market latency • 5G-enabled medical equipment through images, which were transmitted using
Location- will expand from • High reliability ambulances 5G technologies in collaboration with Huawei, China Mobile, and
based its current US$ 38.3 Chinese PLA General Hospital.
• Security • Wireless service
services billion valuation to • The Spanish government worked with Vodafone, Juniper Networks,
robots
US$ 130.5 billion emergency equipment provider Corpuls, satellite provider Hispasat,
by 2025. The research and innovation centre i2cat, and IT company Informatica
teleconsultation El Corte Ingles to bring out 5G-enabled ambulance to serve medical
service market is emergency systems to respond to health emergencies.
expected to grow at
a CAGR of 18.9%.
Manufacturing Automation The size of the • Ultra-low • Tracking of critical • Engineering company Worcester Bosch, UK, is testing 5G for
global factory latency equipment and improved factory output. It is expected to examine how it can
automation market • High reliability monitoring output of provide help across preventative maintenance using IoT sensors
is expected to reach manufacturing lines and data analytics to predict failure, re configuration, and real-
• Security
US$ 368.37 billion • Remote maintenance time analysis, to steering a machine's movements from a remote
in 2025, from US$ of equipment location. Tech companies involved includes Huawei, O2, and BT.
190.88 billion in • AT&T and Samsung, US, plan to partner on a 5G "Innovation Zone"
2017, growing at a to test how 5G will affect manufacturing.
CAGR of 8.8% from
2018 to 2025.
Smart Grid Automation In India, the energy • Ultra-low • Real-time fault • Nokia, ABB, and Kalmar have conducted industrial trials for
and metering market latency management 5G technology to support time-critical applications, along with
management is about US$ 0.34 • High reliability • Power control enhancing protection and efficiency across smart electricity grid.
billion. It is expected
• Security • Load forecasting
to grow at a CAGR
• Smart metering
of 8−10 percent
over the next 4−5
years.
Defense Drones The drone market • Ultra-low • Surveillance services • In South Korea, SK Telecom signed agreements with drone
is expected to grow latency • Public protection and manufacturer DJI in June 2018 to cooperate for the R&D of
at a CAGR of 20.5% • High reliability disaster relief 5G-connected drones.
from US$ 14.1
• Security • Remote imaging
billion in 2018 to
US$ 43.1 billion in
2024.
Retail Robots and Global retail sales • Ultra-low • Inventory • AT&T Foundry is testing 5G connectivity using Badger Technologies’
augmented were projected to latency management robots, which identify out-of-stock, mispriced, or misplaced
reality reach about US$ • High reliability • Large interactive inventory, and store hazards, enabling retailers to improve
28 trillion by 2020, touchscreens operational efficiencies.
up from ~US$ 22 displaying products
trillion in 2016.
• Virtual dressing rooms

21
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

5. Rise of application/software providers entry barriers for new players. This will lead to a shift in
paradigm, where the main value propositions will be in
5G is seen catalysing significant changes in the
software solutions and the business model will be OPEX-
telecommunications infrastructure by increasing the
oriented.
adoption of open source software, non-proprietary
hardware, and encouraging multi-vendor collaboration
Downstream
 application scenarios with a mature
to build programmable software-defined infrastructure
technology and a high economic value are likely to be
capable of delivering critical services.
given priority in the implementation of 5G network. More
technical barriers are expected to be broken down over

These services could be delivered over 5G infrastructure
time. As a result, 5G-based downstream applications will
with minimal hardware and software to be owned.
cater to new emerging use case scenarios, creating higher
Future networks, increasingly relying on software, are
economic value.
expected to accelerate the pace of innovation and lower

Figure 14: Application implementation timeline (estimated) 39

Intelligent power
distribution Life scenarios
system Remote
Smart traffic
maintenance and
Economic value of application scenario

control system
inspection robots
Remote equipment
Agricultural High speed railways operating system
drones communication and
Sophisticated tele-
entertainment
AR/VR Commercial vehicle surgery
immersive platooning
Connected
entertainment Production
homes Assisted tele-
scenarios
surgery
L2 intelligent
Outdoor logistics
driving
Logistics robots
drones
L3 intelligent L4 intelligent L5 intelligent
Mobile HD driving driving driving
AR/VR based
monitoring
education and
shopping
4K/8K HD
Short term Mid term Long term
High videos
(Present–2022) (2022–2026) (2026–2030)

Technical difficulty of application scenario Smart Smart Smart

Easy
life production city

22
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

The planned rollout of 5G wireless technology by telcos globally a) Need

 more lab trials to resolve interoperability issues
offers at least US$ 10 billion business over the next six years among different ecosystems
to India’s information technology (IT) services companies.
b) SLA
 delivery of 99.999% service uptime may not be
This new technology spend by telecom firms on software and
guaranteed considering limited maturity
services could bring more than US$ 1.1 billion in incremental
revenue over the next three years for the country’s five largest c) Security
 and privacy concerns considering dependency on
companies − Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Infosys Ltd, HCL another company
Technologies Ltd, Wipro Ltd, and Tech Mahindra Ltd.40 d) Government
 and regulatory organisation’s stand on XaaS
is still unknown
The XaaS model has some detriments that mobility and
e) Workforce has to be reskilled with new technologies
enterprise service providers have to consider:

Figure 15: XaaS models (illustrative) 41, 42

Unified Content-as-a- Network-as-a- Data Protection-as- Data Lake-as-a-

Communication-as-a- Service (CaaS) Service (NaaS) a-Service (DPaaS) Service (DLaaS)
Service (UCaaS)

This model offers Content-as-a-Service Virtual network DPaaS enables A data lake is
different types of is one of the fastest- infrastructure through organisations to secure a centralised
communication growing services network slicing their data for long-term repository that allows
solutions to enterprise in XaaS categories. feature can be used retention requirements organisations to
customers. These CaaS would help by incumbent service and helps with quick store structured and
solutions are hosted organisations manage provider to deliver recovery to avoid unstructured data at
on service provider’s data repositories and a virtual wide area business interruption. any scale, enabling
or vendor’s cloud optimise application network for new different types of
infrastructure. agility. enterprise or service analytics (such as
• VoIP (voice-over- provider companies. big data processing,
internet protocol) real-time analytics,
and machine learning
• IM (instant
for effective decision-
messaging)
making).
• Chat box and
video conferencing
services

Use cases (Illustrative)

Microsoft, Cisco, and Worldwide content Communication service Solution providers, Various technology
Avaya offer unified services software providers (CSPs) have such as Hitachi giants, such as
communication revenue totalled been deploying a range Vantara, provide Amazon and Google,
service on cloud ~US$ 10.7 billion in of new software-based data protection- offer data lake as
to serve end-to- 2018, an increase of virtual networking as-a-service, which a service. Google
end enterprise 11.7% from 2017. At services. Operators includes recovery Cloud Platform
communications. present, top vendors such as AT&T offers copy, long-term include BigQuery, a
The market spend in content services SD-WAN services retention, and serverless, managed
across Global Unified are Microsoft, based on VMware disaster recovery. data warehouse
Communication will OpenText, and IBM (formerly VeloCloud), The market for security offering; allows
increase at a 2.6% with a combined with POP-based software increased customers to address
CAGR to reach US$ 46.4 share of 40.7% in gateways to improve annually to about 9.7% a wide range of
billion by 2023. 2018, whereas Hyland, performance and in 2018, touching US$ use cases (from
Google, and Alfresco scalability, along with 36.3 billion in revenue the traditional data
Software had the simplifying migration. (attributing to an warehouse to data
highest growth with increase in demand science use cases)
43.8%, 26.8%, and for data security-as-a- by integrating ML
23.3%, respectively. service offerings). capabilities in BigQuery
ML, and integrating
them in Cloud
Dataflow.

23
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Digital transformation across

industry verticals – no one wants
to be left behind

The launch of 5G-enabled technologies is expected to cause ripples of transformation in the telco and other industries by
unlocking various disruptive new technologies.

Global investment in the 5G industrial chain over 2020−2035 is likely to reach US$ 3.5 trillion. More than US$12 trillion sales
are expected to be generated by global industry applications driven by 5G technology. Manufacturing is expected to realise
maximum benefits across sectors. 43

Figure 16: Economic efficiency of 5G investment (in US$) 44

Industry 5G-enabled outcome

More than 20 trillion Manufacturing

Information and
communications
Wholesale, retail, and
More than 10 trillion entertainment

Public services and utilities

Construction

Finance and insurance

More than 5 trillion
Logistics

Agriculture

Real estate

More than 2 trillion Education

Energy

Health
Below 2 trillion
Others

24
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

The 5G technology will enable deployment of Figure 17: New technologies to support process improvement and
several technologies in the near, mid, and long product development 45
term. This would benefit cross-sector industries by
increasing their business intelligence, effectiveness, • Internet of things • Internet of things
and efficiency.
• Interface of • 3D printing
things (AR/VR)
Manufacturing Technologies • Advanced
• Advance robotics for process materials
With a move towards 5G enablement, intelligence
and cognitive improvement
would be imparted in the manufacturing • Digital design,
automation
ecosystem through connected devices, real- simulation, and
time data, high-end analytics, and automated • Artificial integration
environment. This would further accelerate the intelligence
• High-
adoption for Industrial IoT, realising the potential • Advanced performance
and opportunities across the Industry 4.0 analytics computing
transformation.
• Blockchain Technologies • Advanced
This technology also provides an opportunity for product robotics and
• Cyber security
to setup 5G private networks across factories improvement cognitive
or industrial workplaces to offer differentiated automation
services, enabling a connected intelligent • Interface of
environment with high quality of service over things (AR/VR)
ultra-reliable low latency networks.

Figure 18: 5G characteristics unlocks key applications of Industry 4.0 46

Network Smart Collaboration Smart Predictive Industrial Smart Site Online

Feature logistics robots maintenance big data control energy surveillance meetings
analysis Management

Wireless connectivity

High bandwidth

Increased connected
devices

Low latency

High reliability

Network slices - QoS

Easy to deploy
Deployment to special
sites, e.g., below ground
Pay as you use

Network feature has major Network feature has medium Network feature has minor
responsibility for goal responsibility for goal responsibility for goal
achievement achievement achievement

Manufacturing industries in India have already embarked on the journey of digital transformation. With favourable government
policies, 65% Indian manufacturing companies are expected to have considerable levels of digitalisation by 2020.47

Deloitte has been providing support to build a Factories of the Future (FoF) using advanced analytics, IoT, voice, and
RPA capabilities for several clients across the globe. The company’s focus is on digitally transforming manufacturers’
production operations. Deloitte achieved substantial benefits of process improvement through real-time asset tracking,
dynamic scheduling for inventory synchronisation, constraint management, WIP monitoring, etc.

25
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Media and entertainment Figure 19: Increasing online video audience in India (in millions) 48
The roll out of 5G is expected to pave the way for 550
510
new product and services offerings in the media 460
and entertainment industry that would satiate the 400
rapidly changing customer preferences. 325
225
For the past few years, we have been witnessing
exponential growth in data consumption driven
by video streaming. India is projected to become
one of the top 10 global OTT markets to reach a
size of US$ 0.82 billion by 2022. 49
FY18E FY19P FY20P FY21P FY22P FY23P
Customers are seen to be increasingly preferring
Figure 20: Global IP traffic by application type 51
high-definition content, immersive experience
through AR/VR, and distributed content. 450
(n) Refer to (2017,2022) traffic
Changing customer preference, coupled with 400
higher disposable income, is expected to result in 350
significant data uptake in the near future in India.
300

At a global scale, data uptake is expected to 250

increase. With about 26% CAGR, video streaming 200
is expected to contribute about 80% to the total 150
data consumption by 2022. 50 As HD video is
100
becoming the most preferred and smartphone
50
adoption is increasing, 5G is expected to be the
game changer and satisfy the changing customer 0
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
preference.
Gaming (1%, 4%) Wed/Data (17%, 12%) File sharing (7%, 2%)
IP VOD/Managed IP video (20%, 11%) Internet Video (55%, 71%)

Deloitte helps enable the vision of AR for futuristic content management for its telecommunication clients by prioritising
AR capabilities, developing an AR capability framework, and defining AR architecture for potential opportunities.

26
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Automotive
Aligned with the global trend in developed countries, India’s mobility strategy is seen to be shifting towards a shared,
electric, and connected paradigm. In this space, considerable impact has already been witnessed with more intelligent
vehicle features being provided with new car models.

Innate technology capability, a robust data privacy and security framework, and a growing start-up ecosystem in India, are
expected to be the key pillars in the growth and adoption of connected intelligent vehicles. This will result in a seamless
integration of the Vehicle to Everything (V2X) ecosystem.

Figure 21: Seamless integrated mobility of future 52

Potential inputs Potential outputs

• Data on passenger and • Multimodal optimisation of

goods movement across capacity for passenger and
geographies goods movement
• Real-time passengers and • Dynamic pricing across
cargo utilisation modes
• Cross-modal usage data for • Real-time decisions and traffic
passengers and goods optimisation
• Infrastructure and regulatory • Active monitoring, detection,
constraints and reaction to safety risks
• Pricing rules and limits

Foundational SIMSystem elements

Physical Digital Rules

Energy Data exchanges, integrated Policy and

network platform, seamless billing and governance,
infrastructure, payments, dynamic supply demand consistent standards,
autonomous management, dynamic routing fiscal support, and
vehicle 5G + secure digital infrastructure, insurance
real-time analytics,
intermodal management,
connected sensors

At a global scale, major auto manufacturers have partnered with telcos and other application providers to lay the foundation
for the connected ecosystem.

Deloitte has been supporting players to create next-generation connected vehicle platforms. The support ranges from
creating a globally standardised digital communication module (DCM) hardware to establishing global telematics service
and big data management capabilities. The connected car platforms would enable the fast delivery of customer-centric
services, high services scalability, and seamless inclusion of external partners and developers via an open API.

27
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Government maximum governance with minimum government.

With scope of digital opportunities, India is one of the
India is at the 48 position in the IMD digital competitiveness
th

fastest adopters of digital transformation opportunities

ranking across 63 economies, with the US topping the
globally.
list. Over the years, India has been behind major global
economies in terms of digitisation. However, it now has a
The government of India has been taking various initiatives
conducive environment to promote investments, and policy
to build the nation’s digital infrastructure to transform
support to increase the digital footprint. 53
the services provided and facilitate digital empowerment
of citizens. True sense of e-governance with the remote
The effectiveness of digital adoption, access to cutting-
delivery of services and minimisation of human involvement
edge technologies nationwide, and digital transformation
could be achieved following the launch of 5G ecosystem.
is expected to lay the foundation to achieve the notion of

Deloitte has been helping national and state governments with their operations and modernisation of their systems
across e-governance, data warehousing, analytics, cyber security for effective functioning, and citizen engagement,
including the following:

e-governance strategy and For various government departments; Jan-Dhan Aadhaar-enabled

master plans public distribution system

Information security services For public cloud security programmes

Knowledge management and

For national e-governance division under digital India programme
learning management system

Strategy and programme

For e-health initiatives
management support

Facilitated fibre roll out

As part of BharatNet initiatives
across various states

Building smart cities policy

Smart city initiatives
framework, strategy

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 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Current 5G ecosystem in India

India is no longer seen to be adopting the wait and watch With current advancements in 4G/LTE technology, and
approach. It has stepped up its efforts for 5G commercial 5G spectrum and densification needs, the industry might
deployment in sync with the global timelines. Through need additional investments of US$ 60–70 billion to
building partnerships, R&D investments and network trials, seamlessly implement 5G networks. 56
industry-specific service requirements are being currently
assessed that will require high data-rate communication, low • Spectrum availability
latency, and massive connectivity for e-health, autonomous The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) may plan
vehicles, smart cities, smart homes, and IoT services. 5G to hold auctions for 5G across four bands − premium
is being seen as a likely game changer for India, with the 700 MHz, 3.5GHz, 24GHz and 28Ghz. At present, a high
potential to create an economic impact of more than US$1 reserve price for 5G spectrum at US$ 0.07 billion per MHz
trillion by 2035. 54 could become a significant deterrent to the 5G roll out
plans 57.
• Backhaul backing
The current telecom infrastructure in India will require • Need for small cells
a rapid expansion to support the launch of 5G. The The network deployment of small cells at every 200−250
implementation of mobile infrastructure policy in metres on street infrastructure, including electricity
the federal governance structure, and the country’s poles, street lights, metro pillars, rooftops of public
fiberisation level are some of the key challenges in making buildings, and traditional macro towers to create a
5G a reality. To meet high throughput and low latency hyper dense network for 5G is required. However,
expectations from 5G technology, a strong backhaul small cell deployment by telcos in India continues to be
network supported by large-scale site fiberisation is a minimal. Industry estimates suggest that the current
key enabler. India has less than 30% of the telecom sites capacity would have to be increased at least 6−10 times,
connected through fibre55. Complex, cumbersome, and depending on the city, to derive the benefits envisaged.
costly Right of Way (RoW) has been a big bottleneck for Needless to say, this will not be easy, due to the
telcos in rolling out fibre nationally. cumbersome approval process for putting up small cells
on street infrastructure and cost considerations.
On the microwave side, E band (71-76 GHz paired with
81-86 GHz) could emerge as a key band for rapid and
• Device ecosystem
economical deployment of high-capacity backhaul,
A significant number of 5G-enabled mobile handsets,
particularly in dense urban routes where installing fibre
primarily in the premium price segment will be soon
could be a challenge. The timely allocation of the E and V
available in India. Mobile handset OEMs, such as
bands to deepen broadband penetration in the country
Samsung, Huawei, OnePlus, and Xiaomi, have announced
will be crucial for 5G rollout.
the launch of their 5G compliant devices in India.
However, to increase the adoption of 5G, the mid-to-low
• ubstantial investments and managing margin pressure
S
price segment for 5G-enabled handsets would be critical
Indian telcos are making significant investments in
for the Indian market.
boosting LTE-A capacity and readiness for 5G by:
–– Ramping up BTS sites fiberisation to deliver gigabit
• Security and privacy complexities
capacity per site
At present, anything that is data based carries a security
–– D
eployment of MIMO and small cells for coverage gaps, risk. Unlike the previous wireless network generations,
along with delivering more bandwidth the security risks with 5G are expected to be more
igration of core networks to cloud architecture for
–– M complex as the connectivity is likely to move beyond
service agility smartphones to billions of connected devices (cars,
ransformation of IP transport for software defined
–– T sensors, equipment, appliances, etc.). A complementing
networking robust security ecosystem would need to be deployed

29
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

for 5G rollout. It is critical to understand the challenges • ailor made 5G use cases and applications enabled
T
posed due to these evolving technologies, and implement through active trials through spectrum availability for
policy frameworks to secure the connected ecosystem. tests
• I ndigenous technology advancements through R&D, and
The need of the hour is to enable timely implementation of IPR development for standards, technology, spectrum,
5G: and security
• Reasonable spectrum pricing with relaxed payment terms • Well-defined cloud, security, IoT, and policy framework
• Timely allocation of spectrum (E and V bands, and • ublic-private partnerships for broadband growth and
P
millimeter Wave) penetration, 5G trials and testing, network densification
• olicy framework enabling extensive fiberisation
P among others
(including ROW) and incentivisation to share fibre
networks While the government’s enthusiasm to get onto the 5G bus
• ush for “Make in India” manufacturing for 5G equipment
P at the earliest is encouraging, answering the underlying
and handsets question is important – is the industry ready to drive the big
revolution?

30
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Conclusion

Deloitte believes that telecom service providers would transformation. 5G networks deployments are expected to
continue their preparations, such as strengthening their be deployed through open software on generic hardware
4G infrastructure and ensuring nationwide coverage, for rather than proprietary hardware-software combination.
the impending arrival of 5G. To make 5G a reality, Telcos This is likely to form a source of vulnerability as open
will need to make significant investments in various areas, software is more easily subject to malicious attacks. Due
including 5G spectrum, fiberisation and microwave backhaul, to these vulnerabilities, along with the transition to edge
network densification (small cells, HetNet), and network computing, end-to-end security from the mobile core to the
transformation (cloud RAN, SDN/NFV, and automation). edge would be essential.
Cross-sector convergence would continue across the telecom
and media, manufacturing, health, education, government, Deloitte is of the view that a favourable policy framework to
and other sectors. This will result in innovative business enable the following would be key to fulfil the 5G dream and
models, products, and services. Telecom value chain players develop an ecosystem of billions of connected devices:
will focus on partnerships to fill niche roles in the value • E xpedite fiberisation and network densification
chain, leading to the creation of new intermediaries, such
• nsure sufficient and affordable spectrum to expand telco
E
as application/software providers, and sensor/component
networks
manufacturers.
• Reforms on telecom sector taxation and levies

Telecom service providers are likely to take a conservative • I nformation security, cloud, IOT, and other new generation
approach and build their 4G networks with a view to technologies standardisation and implementation
complement it with 5G in select geographies. Collaboration • roviding low-cost and high-quality 5G mobile devices, and
P
across industry to develop unique and relevant use cases for telecom equipment in the market through the Make in India
the Indian market to spur demand would be a key demand initiative
driver.
Availability of affordable 5G-enabled smartphones would be
Building service-oriented architecture (SOA) with virtual crucial for 5G adoption. The early adoption of 5G offers a rare
network services and features (such as multi-tenancy, opportunity to India to contribute to developing an inclusive
elasticity, and on-demand service provisioning) is expected and indigenous technology. The country can contribute by
to further give rise to solutions and “XaaS” models. building R&D capabilities, developing home-grown intellectual
These solutions will help explore opportunities to offer property, and design-led manufacturing. Supported by the
differentiated QoS, configuration, and interfaces to industry existing talent across the IT industry, India can bolster existing
verticals based on specific use cases. New intermediaries ICT products and leverage not only the domestic demand but
focused on connectivity, service differentiation, content, and also can cater to the needs of other emerging countries with
application would be critical to accelerate the pace of digital favourable market-access policies.

31
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Glossary of terms

Term Description Term Description

3-D Three Dimensional MHz Mega Hertz

3G Third Generation MIMO Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project ML Machine Learning
4G Fourth Generation Mn Million
4K 4,000 pixels mMTC Massive Machine Type Communication
5G Fifth Generation MoU Memorandum of Understanding
AI Artificial Intelligence NDCP National Digital Communication Policy
API Application Programme Interface NFV Network Function Virtualization
AR Augmented Reality ODM Original Design Manufacturers
B2B Business to Business OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
B2C Business to Customer OPEX Operational Expenditure
Bn Billion OS Operating System
BTS Base Transceiver Station OTT Over The Top
CDN Content Delivery Network PCEP Path Computing Engine Protocol
CII Confederation of Indian Industry PMA Preferential Market Access
CPE Customer-Premises Equipment PoS Point of Sale
CRAN Cloud Radio Access Network QoS Quality of Service
D2C Direct to Consumer R&D Research and Development
DCM Digital Communication Model RAN Radio Access Network
DDoS Distributed Denial of Service RoW Right of Way
DoT Department of Telecommunication RPA Robotic Process Automationw
DTH Direct To Home SBA Service Based Architectures
E&V E and V band spectrum SDN Software Defined Networking
EDF Electronics Development Funds SEPS Develop Standard Essential Patents
eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband SLA Service Level Agreement
EMS Element Management System SOA Service-Oriented Architecture
FoF Factories of the Future TAIPA Tower and Infrastructure Providers Association
GHz Giga Hertz TCO Total Cost of Ownership
GSA General Services Administration TMA The Mobile Association
ICT Information & Communications Technology TRAI Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
IM Instant Message TSP Telecom Service Providers
InVITs Infrastructure Investments Trusts uRLLC Ultra-Reliable-Low-Latency Communication
IoT Internet of Things US United States
IP Intellectual Property USB Universal Serial Bus
IPR Intellectual property rights  USD United States Dollar
IT Information Technology V2X Vehicle to Everything
ITU International Mobile Communications VOD Voice Over Data
Km Kilometres VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
Li-ion Lithium Ion VR Virtual Reality
LTE Long-term Evolution VRAN Virtual Radio Access Network
LTE-A Long-term Evolution-Advanced VRLA Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid
M2M Machine to Machine WIP Work In Progress
MEC Mobile Edge Computing XaaS Everything-as-a-Service

32
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

About Confederation of India

Industry
The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) works to create and sustain an environment conducive to the development of
India, partnering industry, government, and civil society, through the advisory and consultative processes.

CII is a non-government, not-for-profit, industry-led and industry-managed organisation, playing a proactive role in India's
development process. Founded in 1895, India's premier business association has around 9000 members, from the private as
well as public sectors, including SMEs and MNCs, and an indirect membership of over 300,000 enterprises from around 276
national and regional sectoral industry bodies.

CII charts change by working closely with government on policy issues, interfacing with thought leaders, and enhancing
efficiency, competitiveness and business opportunities for industry through a range of specialised services and strategic
global linkages. It also provides a platform for consensus-building and networking on key issues.

Extending its agenda beyond business, CII assists industry to identify and execute corporate citizenship programmes.
Partnerships with civil society organisations carry forward corporate initiatives for integrated and inclusive development
across diverse domains including affirmative action, healthcare, education, livelihood, diversity management, skill
development, empowerment of women, and water, to name a few.

India is now set to become a US$ 5 trillion economy in the next five years and the Indian industry will remain the principal
growth engine for achieving this target. With the theme for 2019-2020 as “Competitiveness of India Inc - India@75: Forging
Ahead”, CII will focus on five priority areas which would enable the country to stay on a solid growth track. These are -
employment generation, rural-urban connect, energy security, environmental sustainability and governance.

With 66 offices, including 9 Centres of Excellence, in India, and 10 overseas offices in Australia, China, Egypt, France,
Germany, Singapore, South Africa, UAE, UK, and USA, as well as institutional partnerships with 355 counterpart organisations
in 126 countries, CII serves as a reference point for the Indian industry and the international business community.

33
5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

Acknowledgements
Confederation of Indian Industry
Deepak Sidha
Deputy Director
Email: [email protected]

Deloitte
Sathish Gopalaiah
Partner
Ashwin Ballal
Partner
Aditya Khaitan
Partner
Vijay Nair
Director
Nikhil Srivastava
Manager
S Dinakar
Senior Consultant

Contacts
Deloitte
7th Floor, Building 10, Tower B,
DLF Cyber City Complex,
DLF City Phase-II,
Gurgaon-122 002, India
Tel: +91 124 679 2396
email: [email protected]
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Confederation of Indian Industry

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Tel: +91 124 401 4073 Fax: +91 124 401 4070
email: [email protected]
Website: www.cii.in

34
 5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

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5G Ecosystem | The digital haven of opportunities

37
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