Hippocratic Oath- Classic Version 

I swear by Apollo, the Physician and Aesculepius and Hygeia and Panacea and all the gods
and goddesses, making them my witnesses, that I will fulfill according to my ability and
judgment this oath and this covenant:

To hold him who has taught me this art as equal to my parents and to live my life in
partnership with him, and if he is in need of money to give him a share of mine, and to
regard his offspring as equal to my brothers in male lineage and to teach them this art - if
they desire to learn it - without fee and covenant; to give a share of precepts and oral
instruction and all the other learning to my sons and to the sons of him who has instructed
me and to pupils who have signed the covenant and have taken an oath according to the
medical law, but no one else.

I will apply dietetic measures for the benefit of the sick according to my ability and
judgment; I will keep them from harm and injustice. 

I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody who asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to
this effect. Similarly, I will not give to a woman an abortive remedy. In purity and holiness I
will guard my life and my art.

I will not use the knife, not even on sufferers from stone, but will withdraw in favor of such
men as are engaged in this work.

Whatever houses I may visit, I will come for the benefit of the sick, remaining free of all
intentional injustice, of all mischief and in particular of sexual relations with both female and
male persons, be they free or slaves.

What I may see or hear in the course of the treatment or even outside of the treatment in
regard to the life of men, which on no account one must spread abroad, I will keep to
myself, holding such things shameful to be spoken about.

If I fulfil this oath and do not violate it, may it be granted to me to enjoy life and art, being
honored with fame among all men for all time to come; if I transgress it and swear falsely,
may the opposite of all this be my lot.
The Oath or Charge of Maimonides

Maimonides, (1145-48?-1204), was a  renowned Jewish theologian and physician who was born in Cordova,
Spain. Because of the rising anti-semitism he fled with his family to Cairo, Egypt where he spent the rest of his
life, practiced medicine and became a scholar of Jewish law. 
The Oath of Maimonides is often recited in place of or along with the Hippocratic Oath. Like, the Hippocratic
Oath, the Oath of Maimonides, may not have been written by Maimonides himself.

The eternal providence has appointed me to watch over the life and health of Thy creatures.

May the love for my art actuate me at all time; may neither avarice nor miserliness, nor
thirst for glory or for a great reputation engage my mind; for the enemies of truth and
philanthropy could easily deceive me and make me forgetful of my lofty aim of doing good
to Thy children.

May I never see in the patient anything but a fellow creature in pain.

Grant me the strength, time and opportunity always to correct what I have acquired, always
to extend its domain; for knowledge is immense and the spirit of man can extend
indefinitely to enrich itself daily with new requirements.

Today he can discover his errors of yesterday and tomorrow he can obtain a new light on
what he thinks himself sure of today. Oh, God, Thou has appointed me to watch over the life
and death of Thy creatures; here am I ready for my vocation and now I turn unto my calling.
Hippocratic Oath Modern Version

Written in 1964 by Louis Lasagna, Academic Dean of the School of Medicine at Tufts University and used in
many medical schools today.

I swear to fulfill, to the best of my ability and judgment, this covenant:

I will respect the hard-won scientific gains of those physicians in whose steps I walk, and
gladly share such knowledge as is mine with those who are to follow.

I will apply, for the benefit of the sick, all measures [that] are required, avoiding those twin
traps of overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism.

I will remember that there is art to medicine as well as science, and that warmth, sympathy,
and understanding may outweigh the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug.

I will not be ashamed to say "I know not," nor will I fail to call in my colleagues when the
skills of another are needed for a patient's recovery.

I will respect the privacy of my patients, for their problems are not disclosed to me that the
world may know. Most especially must I tread with care in matters of life and death. If it is
given me to save a life, all thanks. But it may also be within my power to take a life; this
awesome responsibility must be faced with great humbleness and awareness of my own
frailty. Above all, I must not play at God.

I will remember that I do not treat a fever chart, a cancerous growth, but a sick human
being, whose illness may affect the person's family and economic stability. My responsibility
includes these related problems, if I am to care adequately for the sick.

I will prevent disease whenever I can, for prevention is preferable to cure.

I will remember that I remain a member of society, with special obligations to all my fellow
human beings, those sound of mind and body as well as the infirm.

If I do not violate this oath, may I enjoy life and art, respected while I live and remembered
with affection thereafter. May I always act so as to preserve the finest traditions of my
calling and may I long experience the joy of healing those who seek my help.
Declaration of Geneva of the World Medical Association
Adopted 1948, amended 1966 and 1983

I solemnly pledge myself to consecrate my life to the service of humanity;

I will give my teachers the respect and gratitude which is their due;

I will practice my profession with conscience and dignity;

The health of my patient will be my first consideration;

I will respect the secrets which are confided in me, even after the patient has died;

I will maintain by all the means in my power, the honor and the noble traditions of the
medical profession;

My colleagues will be my brothers;

I will not permit considerations of religion, nationality, race, party politics or social standing
to intervene between my duty and my patient;

I will maintain the utmost respect for human life from its beginning even under threat and I
will not use my medical knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity;

I make these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

Harvard Medical School, 2019

Today, upon being admitted to the professions of medicine and dentistry, I pledge to honor
to the best of my ability and judgement this oath. I make these promises to you,
my patients.

To uphold your dignity:

I will listen with curiosity and without judgment, recognizing that behind every illness is
a human story.
I will respect your privacy and treat you with kindness, empathy and humility.
I will empower you; I will give you voice and offer you choice.
I will cure when possible, heal to the extent that I am capable and comfort you always.

To offer my best self:

I will remember that I am worthy of this profession and the privilege of caring for you.
I will embrace my imperfections with compassion, viewing them not as failures but
as opportunities for growth. 
I will practice and promote self-care, openly sharing my vulnerabilities to create safe spaces
for healing. 
I will be courageous and willing to risk failure, admit error, and ask for forgiveness.

To foster collaboration and mutuality: 

I will work with others on your team, united by the common goal of caring for you. 
I will recognize the expertise of your lived experience and share decisions in
partnership with you. 
I will ask for help when I reach the boundaries of my abilities and offer help to
those reaching theirs. 
I will cultivate a culture of resilience, advocating for structural changes to support
my profession.

To practice the highest quality of care:

I will be a lifelong learner, recognizing that medicine is an ever-changing art and science.
I will advance knowledge through scholarship and innovation, guided by integrity.
I will celebrate the hard-earned progress made by those who came before me and share this
learning with those who seek it.

To care for all:

I will embrace my citizenship in humanity and my obligation to act for the benefit of
all human beings.
I will challenge my biases, striving to provide care that is inclusive of all aspects of identity.
I will combat structural oppression, promote social justice and model ethical action.
I will leverage my position of privilege to confront health inequities and restructure systems
that fail you.

Today:
I stand with my peers in solidarity, united by our professions and these promises.
I celebrate where I have come from and look to the future with hope.
With gratitude to all who have supported me, I take this oath freely, joyfully and upon
my honor.
Imperial College School of Medicine, London

Now, as a new doctor, I solemnly promise that I will to the best of my ability serve humanity
—caring for the sick, promoting good health, and alleviating pain and suffering.

I recognise that the practice of medicine is a privilege with which comes considerable
responsibility and I will not abuse my position.

I will practice medicine with integrity, humility, honesty, and compassion—working with my
fellow doctors and other colleagues to meet the needs of my patients.

I shall never intentionally do or administer anything to the overall harm of my patients.

I will not permit considerations of gender, race, religion, political affiliation, sexual
orientation, nationality, or social standing to influence my duty of care.

I will oppose policies in breach of human rights and will not participate in them. I will strive
to change laws that are contrary to my profession's ethics and will work towards a fairer
distribution of health resources.

I will assist my patients to make informed decisions that coincide with their own values and
beliefs and will uphold patient confidentiality.

I will recognise the limits of my knowledge and seek to maintain and increase my
understanding and skills throughout my professional life. I will acknowledge and try to
remedy my own mistakes and honestly assess and respond to those of others.

I will seek to promote the advancement of medical knowledge through teaching and
research.

I make this declaration solemnly, freely, and upon my honor.

Revised Medical Oath Based Upon Principlism

I declare that, as a foundation of my actions, I will practice my profession to the best of my

knowledge, ability and insight, in good conscience and with probity, treating all people
equally and fairly, without prejudice.

I will always remember my position of power and trust and hold myself accountable for my
actions and their consequences, eschewing recklessness.

I will respect the autonomy, confidences and dignity of all my patients in their living and in
their dying. 

In my practice the care and treatment of patients will be my first consideration. I will always
seek to improve and maintain my patients’ health and strive to cause no deliberate or
negligent harm to my patients or others.

I will strive to prevent and treat disease, improve quality of life, provide support in times of
suffering and promote and protect the health and wellbeing of the communities that I live
and work in.

I will treat my colleagues and all who contribute to the wellbeing of my patients with
respect.

I will continue to seek knowledge, understanding, and insight, to improve my clinical skills
and to teach the art and science of medicine to others, as my teachers have done before
me. 

I will not breach these obligations, or abuse the trust placed in me, either under threat or
for personal gain.

I make this declaration solemnly, freely, and in good faith.

Edinburgh Medical Oath

I declare that I will practice my profession to the best of my knowledge and ability, in good
conscience and with integrity.

In my practice the care of my patients will be my first consideration.

I will strive to prevent and treat disease, improve quality of life, provide support in times of
suffering.

I will respect the autonomy, confidences and dignity of all my patients in their living and in
their dying. 

I will promote the health and welfare of the community.

I will treat with respect my colleagues and all who contribute to the wellbeing of my
patients.

I will constantly seek to gain in knowledge and understanding, and to pass on the art and
science of medicine to others, as my teachers have done before me. 

I will treat all patients equally and without prejudice.

I will not breach these obligations, or abuse the trust placed in me, either under threat or
for personal gain.

I make this declaration solemnly, freely, and upon my honor.