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Piezoelectric Transducer PDF

A piezoelectric transducer uses a quartz crystal that produces an electric charge when a force is applied. The charge produced is proportional to the rate of change of the applied force. A charge amplifier is needed to produce a measurable output voltage. Piezoelectric transducers can measure pressure, force, or acceleration due to their excellent frequency response and ability to produce a voltage output proportional to the applied input. Common applications include accelerometers and force or pressure sensors.

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275 views2 pages

Piezoelectric Transducer PDF

A piezoelectric transducer uses a quartz crystal that produces an electric charge when a force is applied. The charge produced is proportional to the rate of change of the applied force. A charge amplifier is needed to produce a measurable output voltage. Piezoelectric transducers can measure pressure, force, or acceleration due to their excellent frequency response and ability to produce a voltage output proportional to the applied input. Common applications include accelerometers and force or pressure sensors.

Uploaded by

Sri Vishnu Thati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4TH B.

TECH :EMI: TRANSDUCERS:LECTURE 7 FACULTY: G VS REDDY

Piezoelectric Transducer
The main principle of a piezoelectric transducer is that a force, when
applied on the quartz crystal, produces electric charges on the
crystal surface. The charge thus produced can be called as
piezoelectricity.

Piezo electricity can be defined as the electrical polarization


produced by mechanical strain on certain class of crystals. The
rate of charge produced will be proportional to the rate of change of
force applied as input. As the charge produced is very small, a
charge amplifier is needed so as to produce an output voltage big
enough to be measured. The device is also known to be mechanically
stiff.

For example, if a force of 15 kiloN is given to the transducer, it


may only deflect to a maximum of 0.002mm. But the output
response may be as high as 100KiloHz.This proves that the device is
best applicable for dynamic measurement.

The figure shows a conventional piezoelectric transducer with a


piezoelectric crystal inserted between a solid base and the force
summing member. If a force is applied on the pressure port, the
same force will fall on the force summing member. Thus a potential
difference will be generated on the crystal due to its property. The
voltage produced will be proportional to the magnitude of the applied
force.

1
4TH B.TECH :EMI: TRANSDUCERS:LECTURE 7 FACULTY: G VS REDDY

Piezoelectric Transducer can measure pressure in the same way


a force or anacceleration can be measured. For low pressure
measurement, possible vibration of the amount should be
compensated for. The pressure measuring quartz disc stack faces
the pressure through a diaphragm and on the other side of this
stack, the compensating mass followed by a compensating quartz.
Applications
1. Due to its excellent frequency response, it is normally used as
an accelerometer, where the output is in the order of (1-30) mV
per gravity of acceleration.
2. The device is usually designed for use as a pre-tensional bolt so
that both tensional and compression force measurements can
be made.
3. Can be used for measuring force, pressure and displacement in
terms of voltage.
Advantages
1. Very high frequency response.
2. Self generating, so no need of external source.
3. Simple to use as they have small dimensions and large
measuring range.
4. Barium titanate and quartz can be made in any desired shape
and form. It also has a large dielectric constant. The crystal
axis is selectable by orienting the direction of orientation.
Disadvantages
1. It is not suitable for measurement in static condition.
2. Since the device operates with the small electric charge, they
need high impedance cable for electrical interface.
3. The output may vary according to the temperature variation of
the crystal.
4. The relative humidity rises above 85% or falls below 35%, its
output will be affected. If so, it has to be coated with wax or
polymer material.

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