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Applied Physics Assignment

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow easily in one direction but offers high resistance in the other direction. There are several types of diodes including light emitting diodes, laser diodes, avalanche diodes, Zener diodes, Schottky diodes, and photodiodes. Each diode type has a different function such as emitting light, producing coherent light, providing a stable reference voltage, or detecting light. Diodes are used in a variety of applications like power supplies, rectifiers, optical devices, and solar cells.

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60 views

Applied Physics Assignment

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow easily in one direction but offers high resistance in the other direction. There are several types of diodes including light emitting diodes, laser diodes, avalanche diodes, Zener diodes, Schottky diodes, and photodiodes. Each diode type has a different function such as emitting light, producing coherent light, providing a stable reference voltage, or detecting light. Diodes are used in a variety of applications like power supplies, rectifiers, optical devices, and solar cells.

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areej
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPLIED PHYSICS ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to:
Sir Hasnain Ahmad

Submitted by:
Areej
Roll no:
BSCS-F-19-20

Question No:01
What is diode? Also write its types?
Answer:

Diode:
A diode is a specialized electronic component with two electrodes called the
anode and the cathode. It is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electricity primarily
in one direction. It has high resistance on one end and low resistance on the other end. These
devices are used to protect circuits by limiting the voltage and to also transform AC into
DC. Semiconductors like silicon and germanium are used to make the most of diodes. Even though
they transmit current in a single direction, the way with which they transmit differs.

Types of Diodes:

1. Light Emitting Diode


2. Laser diode
3. Avalanche diode
4. Zener diode
5. Schottky diode
6. Photodiode
7. Junction diode
Different types of Diode with their symbols :

Different Diodes and their Notation

Light Emitting Diode (LED)


When electric current between the electrodes passes through this diode, light is produced. In other
words, light is generated when a sufficient amount of forwarding current passes through it. In many
diodes, this light generated is not visible as they are frequency levels that do not allow visibility. LED
is available in different colors. There are tri-color LEDs which can emit three colors at a time. Light
color depends on the energy gap of the semiconductor used.

Laser Diode
It is a different type of diode as it produces coherent light. It is highly used in CD drives, DVDs and
laser devices. These are costly when compared to LEDs and are cheaper when compared to other
laser generators. Limited life is the only drawback of these diodes.
Avalanche Diode
This diode belongs to a reverse bias type and operates using the avalanche effect. When voltage
drop is constant and is independent of current, the breakdown of avalanche takes place. They
exhibit high levels of sensitivity and hence used for photodetection.

Zener Diode
It is the most useful type of diode as it can provide a stable reference voltage. These are operated in
reverse bias and break down on the arrival of a certain voltage. If current passing through the
resistor is limited, a stable voltage is generated. Zener diodes are widely used in power supplies to
provide a reference voltage.

Schottky Diode
It has a lower forward voltage than other silicon PN junction diodes. The drop will be seen where
there is low current and at that stage, voltage ranges between 0.15 and 0.4 volts. These are
constructed in a different way in order to obtain that performance. Schottky diodes are highly used in
rectifier applications.

Photodiode
A photo-diode can identify even a small amount of current flow resulted from the light. These are
very helpful in the detection of the light. This is a reverse bias diode and used in solar cells and
photometer. They are even used to generate electricity.

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