ASSIGNMENT

TRUE AND FALSE

1. Each Contracting State shall establish one or more aerodrome and/or

other meteorological offices which shall be adequate for the provision of
the meteorological service required to satisfy the needs of international
air navigation. TRUE

2. Volcanic ash advisory centres shall maintain a 12-hour watch. FALSE

Volcanic ash advisory centres shall maintain a 24-hour watch.

3. In case of interruption of the operation of a VAAC, its functions shall be

not be carried out. FALSE

In case of interruption of the operation of a VAAC, its functions shall be

carried out by another VAAC or another meteorological centre, as
designated by the VAAC Provider State concerned.

4. Where an integrated semi-automatic system is used for the

dissemination/display of meteorological information, it may not be
capable of accepting the manual insertion of data covering those
meteorological elements. FALSE

Where an integrated semi-automatic system is used for the

dissemination/display of meteorological information, it should be
capable of accepting the manual insertion of data covering those
meteorological elements which cannot be observed by automatic
means.
5. When local routine and special reports are used for departing aircraft,
the surface wind observations for these reports should be representative
of conditions along the runway; when local routine and special reports
are used for arriving aircraft, the surface wind observations for these
reports should be representative of the touchdown zone. TRUE

6. For METAR and SPECI, the surface wind observations should be

representative of conditions above the whole runway where there is only
one runway or more than one runway. FALSE

For METAR and SPECI, the surface wind observations should be

representative of conditions above the whole runway where there is only
one runway and the whole runway complex where there is more than
one runway.

7. When air-ground data link is used and automatic dependent surveillance

(ADS) or secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Mode S is being applied,
automated routine observations should be made every 30 minutes
during the en-route phase and every 45 seconds during the climb-out
phase for the first 15 minutes of the flight. FALSE

When air-ground data link is used and automatic dependent surveillance

(ADS) or secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Mode S is being applied,
automated routine observations should be made every 15 minutes
during the en-route phase and every 30 seconds during the climb-out
phase for the first 10 minutes of the flight.

8. The period of validity of a routine TAF should be not less than 6 hours
nor more than 30 hours; the period of validity should be determined by
regional air navigation agreement. Routine TAF valid for less than 12
hours should be issued every 3 hours and those valid for 12 to 30 hours
should be issued every 6 hours. TRUE
9. A trend forecast shall consist of a concise statement of the expected
significant changes in the meteorological conditions at that aerodrome
to be appended to a local routine or local special report, or a METAR or
SPECI. The period of validity of a trend forecast shall be 4 hours from
the time of the report which forms part of the landing forecast. FALSE

A trend forecast shall consist of a concise statement of the expected

significant changes in the meteorological conditions at that aerodrome
to be appended to a local routine or local special report, or a METAR or
SPECI. The period of validity of a trend forecast shall be 2 hours from
the time of the report which forms part of the landing forecast

10. Area forecasts for low-level flights prepared in support of the

issuance of AIRMET information shall be issued every 6 hours for a
period of validity of 6 hours and transmitted to meteorological offices
concerned not later than one hour prior to the beginning of their validity
period. TRUE

FILL IN TH BLANKS

1. The period of validity of a SIGMET message shall be not more than 4

hours. In the special case of SIGMET messages for volcanic ash
cloud and tropical cyclones, the period of validity shall be extended
up to 6 hours.

2. The objective of meteorological service for international air navigation

shall be to contribute towards the safety, regularity and efficiency of
international air navigation.

3. The period of validity of an AIRMET message shall be not more than

4 hours.
4. Wind shear alerts should be updated at least every minute. The
wind shear alert should be cancelled as soon as the
headwind/tailwind change falls below 7.5 m/s (15 kt).

5. Aeronautical climatological information should normally be based on

observations made over a period of at least five years and the
period should be indicated in the information supplied

6. In local routine and special reports and in METAR and SPECI, the
height of cloud base shall be reported in steps of 30 m (100 ft) up to
3 000 m (10 000 ft). Any observed value which does not fit the
reporting scale in use shall be rounded down to the nearest lower
step in the scale.

7. Local routine and special reports and METAR and SPECI from
automatic observing systems shall be identified with the word
“AUTO”.

8. Flight information centres or area control centres shall serve as the

central point for collecting all information relevant to a state of
emergency of an aircraft operating within the flight information
region or control area concerned and for forwarding such
information to the appropriate rescue coordination centre.

9. In the event of a state of emergency arising to an aircraft while it is

under the control of an aerodrome control tower or approach control
unit, such unit shall notify immediately the flight information centre
or area control centre responsible which shall in turn notify the
rescue coordination centre, except that notification of the area control
centre, flight information centre, or rescue coordination centre shall
not be required when the nature of the emergency is such that the
notification would be superfluous.
 10. Flight information centres and area control centres shall have
facilities for communications with all adjacent flight information
centres and area control centres.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The boundaries of the area over which meteorological watch is to be

maintained by a meteorological watch office should be coincident with
the boundaries of.
(a) Flight information region.
(b) Control area.
(c) Combination of flight information regions and/or control areas.
(d) All the above

2. Use of CAVOK When the following conditions occur simultaneously at

the time of observation:
a) visibility, 10 km or more, and the lowest visibility is not reported;
b) no cloud of operational significance;
c) no weather of significance to aviation
d) all of the above

3. Surface wind should be observed at a height of ___________ above the

ground.
(a)10 ± 1 m
(b)15 ± 3 m
(c) 30 ± 1 m
(d)20 ± 2 m

4. A SPECI representing an improvement in conditions should be

disseminated only after the improvement has been maintained for
 ________; it should be amended before dissemination, if necessary, to
indicate the conditions prevailing at the end of that _____minute period.
(a)15 minutes, 30 minutes
(b)10 minutes, 20 minutes
(c)10 minutes, 10 minutes
(d)30 minutes,20 minutes

5. When instrumented systems are used for the measurement of visibility,

the visibility should be measured at a height of approximately 2.5 m (7.5
ft) above the runway.
(a) 2.5 m
(b) 3.5 m
(c) 1.5 m
(d) 4.5 m

6. When instrumented systems are used for the measurement of visibility,

their output should be updated at least every _____ to permit provision
of current representative values.
(a) 120 seconds
(b) 60 seconds
(c) 30 seconds
(d) 45 seconds

7. When an area control or a flight information centre decides that an

aircraft is in the _____, it shall, when practicable, advise the operator
prior to notifying the rescue coordination centre
(a)uncertainty phase
(b) the alert phase
(c) uncertainty or the alert phase
(d) uncertainty alert phase
8. Whenever practicable, air-ground communication facilities for area
control service should permit
(a) direct,
(b) rapid,
(c) static-free two-way communications
(d) direct, rapid, continuous and static-free two-way
communications.

9. An area control centre, in addition to being connected to the flight

information centre as prescribed, shall have facilities for
communications with the following units providing a service within its
area of responsibility:
(a) approach control units,
(b) aerodrome control towers,
(c) air traffic services reporting offices, when separately established,
(d)All of the above.

10. Wherever local conditions are such that it is necessary to clear

aircraft into an adjacent control area prior to departure, an approach
control unit and/ or aerodrome control tower should be connected with
the.
(a) the area control centre serving the adjacent area,
(b) the approach control serving the adjacent area,
(c) the aerodrome control serving the adjacent area,
(d) All the above.

QUESTION AND ANSWERS

1. Objective of the world area forecast system?

1. The objective of the world area forecast system shall be to supply

meteorological authorities and other users with global aeronautical
meteorological en-route forecasts in digital form. This objective shall
be achieved through a comprehensive, integrated, worldwide and, as
far as practicable, uniform system, and in a cost-effective manner,
taking full advantage of evolving technologies.

2. Short note on World area forecast centers?

2. A Contracting State, having accepted the responsibility for providing a

WAFC within the framework of the world area forecast system, shall
arrange for that centre:
(a). to prepare gridded global forecasts of:
1) upper wind;
2) upper-air temperature and humidity;
3) geopotential altitude of flight levels;
4) flight level and temperature of tropopause;
5) direction, speed and flight level of maximum wind;
6) cumulonimbus clouds;
7) icing; and
8) turbulence;
Note.— Gridded global forecasts of cumulonimbus clouds, icing and
turbulence are currently of an experimental nature, labelled as “trial
forecasts” and distributed only through the Internet-based file transfer
protocol (FTP) services.

b) to prepare global forecasts of significant weather (SIGWX)

phenomena;
 c) to issue the forecasts referred to in a) and b) in digital form to
meteorological authorities and other users, as approved by the
Contracting State on advice from the meteorological authority;

d) to receive information concerning the accidental release of

radioactive materials into the atmosphere from its associated WMO
regional specialized meteorological centre (RSMC) for the provision
of transport model products for radiological environmental emergency
response, in order to include the information in SIGWX forecasts; and
e) to establish and maintain contact with VAACs for the exchange of
information on volcanic activity in order to coordinate the inclusion of
information on volcanic eruptions in SIGWX forecasts.

3. Short note on SIGMET information?

3. SIGMET information shall be issued by a meteorological watch office

and shall give a concise description in abbreviated plain language
concerning the occurrence and/or expected occurrence of specified
en-route weather phenomena, which may affect the safety of aircraft
operations, and of the development of those phenomena in time and
space.

4. Short note on AIRMET information?

4. AIRMET information shall be issued by a meteorological watch office

in accordance with regional air navigation agreement, taking into
account the density of air traffic operating below flight level 100.
AIRMET information shall give a concise description in abbreviated
plain language concerning the occurrence and/or expected
occurrence of specified en-route weather phenomena, which have
 not been included in Section I of the area forecast for low-level flights
issued in accordance with Chapter 6, Section 6.5 and which may
affect the safety of low-level flights, and of the development of those
phenomena in time and space.

5. Mention the units, providing a service within their respective area of

responsibility which have facilities for communications with A flight
information centre and an area control centre ?

5. A flight information centre and an area control centre shall have

facilities for communications with the following units providing a
service within their respective area of responsibility:
a) appropriate military units;
b) the meteorological office serving the centre;
c) the aeronautical telecommunications station serving the centre;
d) appropriate operator’s offices;
e) the rescue coordination centre or, in the absence of such centre,
any other appropriate emergency service;
f) the international NOTAM office serving the centre.