Design of Beam

Command Center (2nd Floor and 3rd Floor)

From STAAD

Critical Beam

Longitudinal: E to I along gridline 4

Transverse: 2 to 3 along gridline F

Longitudinal: E to I along gridline 4

From STAAD
 Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2
From STAAD 663.01 kN-m -441.73 kN-m 676.70 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the M u 663.01

M n= = =736.67778 k N−m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

 A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659< 736.67778

therefore ,i t ' s doubly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mn1 =491.3659 kN −m

bars at end 2 As1=3272.5 kN −m

Mn2 =736.6777778−491.36588 kN −m

Mn2 =245.3119028 kN −m

¿ Mn2 =¿ As2 fy(d−d ' )

Mn 2 245.3119 x 106
As2= = =1537.042 mm2
fy (d−d' ) 420(440−60)

Check if compression steel yields, Ey < Es’

fy 420
Ey= = =0.00210
Es 200000
'
0.003 Es ' 0.003(c−d )
= ; Es '=
c c−d ' c

a
Solving for c: c=
β1
From Mn1 =As 1 fy d − ( a2 )
2 Mn 1
a=2 d− =165.00 mm
As 1 fy

165
Therefore c= =194.118 mm
0.85

0.003 ( 194.118−60 )
E s' = =0.00207
194.118

Ey > Es’

Therefore compression steel doesn’t yield

E s ' ( ) 0.00207 ( 420 )=414.55 MPa

fs'= fy =
Ey 0.00210

Mn2
As '= ' =
fs' (d−d )

260.5230 x 106
=1557.2662 mm2
414.55(440−60)

As= As1 + As2=3272.5+1537.042

As=4809.541997 mm2

For compression reinforcement

As ' 1557.2662
N= = =4.957 say 5 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :5 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−5 (20)

S= =37.5mm> 25 mm
4

OK
 For tension reinforcement

As 4809.542
N= = =15.309 say 16 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 6 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)

S= = 26 mm > 25 mm
5

OK

At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 441.73

M n= = =490.81111 kN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659 KN >490.81111

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 441.73

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 7.243 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.02122 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.02122

A s=ρbd=( 0.02122 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

A s=3267.698963 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 3267.698963
N= = =10.401 say 11 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 6 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

 350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)
S= = 26 mm > 25 mm
5

OK
At End 2

5. Determine if the M u 676.700

M n= = =751.88889 k N−m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659< 751.88889

therefore ,i t ' s doubly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mn1 =491.3659 kN −m

bars at end 2 As1=3272.5 kN −m

Mn2 =751.88889−491.3659 kN −m

Mn2 =260.5230139 kN−m

¿ Mn2 =¿ As2 fy(d−d ' )

Mn 2
As2= =
fy (d−d' )

260.5230 x 106
=1632.34971mm 2
420( 440−60)

Check if compression steel yields, Ey < Es’

fy 420
Ey= = =0.00210
Es 200000
'
0.003 Es ' 0.003(c−d )
= ; Es '=
c c−d ' c

a
Solving for c: c=
β1

From Mn1 =As 1 fy d − ( a2 )

2 Mn 1
a=2 d− =165.00 mm
As 1 fy

165
Therefore c= =194.118 mm
0.85

0.003 ( 194.118−60 )
E s' = =0.00207
194.118

Ey > Es’

Therefore compression steel doesn’t yield

E s ' ( ) 0.00207 ( 420 )=414.55 MPa

fs'= fy =
Ey 0.00210

Mn 2
As '= =
fy(d −d ' )
 260.5230 x 106
=1653.828 mm2
414.55(440−60)

As= As1 + As2=3272.5+1653.828

As=4904.849711 mm2

For compression reinforcement

As ' 1653.828
N= = =5.264 say 6 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 6 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)

S= = 26 mm > 25 mm
5

OK

For tension reinforcement

As 4904.849711
N= = =15.613 say 16 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 6 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)

S= = 26 mm > 25 mm
5

OK

350MM X 500 MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 5-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 6-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 16- 20mm ∅ 11- 20mm ∅ 16- 20mm ∅
Design of Vertical Stirrups
 V u= 292.65 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

V u > ∅ V c , stirrups arenecessary .

2. Calculate the shear

V u 292.65
V n= = =390.2 kN
strength, Vs to be provided ∅ 0.75

by the stirrup: V s =V n−V c =390.2−135.8152

V s =254.384766 kN

0.66 √ f 'C bd=0.66 ( √28 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

¿ 537.8283265 kN

V s < 0.66 √ f ' C bd , proceed ¿ calculation

of spacingof stirrups

3. Spacing of stirrups
A v f yt d
s=
Vs
 where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

A v f y d 157.08 ( 420 ) ( 440 )

s= =
Vs 254.384766

s=114.112mm say s=110mm

s>25 mm+ d t ,therefore spacing isOK .

4. Maximum spacing of 0.33 √ f ' C bd=0.33 ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

stirrups ¿ 268.9141633 kN

d
V s < 0.33 √ f 'C bd, use s max= ∨600 mm
2

d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s= 110 mm

Transverse: 2 to 3 along gridline F

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

From STAAD 355.88 kN-m 132.125 kN-m -55.81 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section M u 355.88

M n= = =395.42222 k N−m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

 A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 395.42222

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 355.88
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 5.836 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.01621]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.01621

A s=ρbd=( 0.01621 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

 A s=2496.957282 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 2496.957282
N= = =7.948 say 8 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−4 (20)

S= =56.7mm>25 mm
3

OK

At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 132.125

M n= = =146.80556 k N−m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 146.80556

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 132.125
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 2.167 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.00542

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00542

A s=ρbd=( 0.00542 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=834.2816041 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 834.2816041
N= = =2.656 say 3 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :3 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−3 (20)

S= = 95 mm > 25 mm
2
 OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the M u 55.810

M n= = =62.011111 k N −m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 62.011111

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 55.810
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
 ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 0.915 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.00222

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=513.3333333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.3333333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm> 25 mm
1

OK

350MM X 500MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 8- 20mm ∅ 3- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅
Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 186.17 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

V u > ∅ V c , stirrups arenecessary .

2. Calculate the shear

V u 186.17
V n= = =248.2266667 kN
strength, Vs to be provided ∅ 0.75

by the stirrup: V s =V n−V c =248.2266−135.8152

V s =112.4114327 kN

0.66 √ f 'C bd=0.66 ( √28 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

¿ 537.8283265 kN

V s < 0.66 √ f ' C bd , proceed ¿ calculation

of spacingof stirrups
3. Spacing of stirrups A v f yt d
s=
Vs

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

A v f y d 157.08 ( 420 ) ( 440 )

s= =
Vs 112.4114327

s=258.233mm say s=250 mm

s>25 mm+ d t ,therefore spacing isOK .

4. Maximum spacing of
0.33 √ f ' C bd=0.33 ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )
stirrups
¿ 268.9141633 kN

d
V s < 0.33 √ f 'C bd, use s max= ∨600 mm
2

d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s= 220 mm

Design of Beam

Command Center (Roof Deck)

From STAAD

Critical Beam

Longitudinal: E to I along gridline 4

Transverse: 4 to 5 along gridline G

Longitudinal: E to I along gridline 4

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

From STAAD 284.88 kN-m -164.91 kN-m 285.38 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section M u 284.88

M n= = =316.53333 kN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2
 1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 316.53333

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 284.88

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 4.671 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.01250 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.01250

A s=ρbd=( 0.01250 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

 A s=1925.203861 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1925.203861
N= = =6.128 say 7 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 4 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−4 (20)

S= =56.7 mm>25 mm
3

OK

At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 164.91

M n= = =183.23333 k N−m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 183.23333

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 164.91

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 2.704 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.00685 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00685

A s=ρbd=( 0.00685 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=1055.33427 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1055.33427
N= = =3.359 say 4 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 4 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

 350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−4 (20)
S= =56.7 mm>25 mm
3

OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the M u 285.380

M n= = =317.08889 k N−m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 317.08889

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 285.380
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2 0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 4.679 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.01253

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.01253

A s=ρbd=( 0.01253 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=1929.06215 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1929.06215
N= = =6.140 say 7 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 4 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−4 (20)

S= =56.7mm> 25 mm
3

OK

350MM X 500 MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 7- 20mm ∅ 4- 20mm ∅ 7- 20mm ∅
Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 136.07 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

V u > ∅ V c , stirrups arenecessary .

2. Calculate the shear

V u 136.07
V n= = =181.4266667 kN
strength, Vs to be provided ∅ 0.75

by the stirrup: V s =V n−V c =181.4266−135.8152

V s =45.61146667 kN

0.66 √ f 'C bd=0.66 ( √28 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

 ¿ 537.8283265 kN

V s < 0.66 √ f ' C bd , proceed ¿ calculation

of spacingof stirrups

3. Spacing of stirrups A v f yt d
s=
Vs

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

A v f y d 157.08 ( 420 ) ( 440 )

s= =
Vs 45.61146667

s=636.4273311 mm say s=630 mm

s>25 mm+ d t ,therefore spacing isOK .

4. Maximum spacing of
0.33 √ f ' C bd=0.33 ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )
stirrups
¿ 268.9141633 kN

d
V s < 0.33 √ f 'C bd, use s max= ∨600 mm
2

d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s= 220 mm

Transverse: 4 to 5 along gridline G

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

 From STAAD 0 72.411 kN-m 252.87 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section Mu 0

M n= = =0
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy (
600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659 KN >0

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 0

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
 ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 (0)
0.85 ( 28 )
=0 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=513.333333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.333333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm>25 mm
1

OK
At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 72.411

M n= = =80.456667 k N −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420
 A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 k N−m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 80.456667

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 72.411
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 1.187 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.0029]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.0004
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

 A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=513.33333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.33333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm>25 mm
1

OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the M u 252.780

M n= = =280.96667
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 280.96667

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 252.780

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 4.147 )
0.85 ( 28 )
= 0.01093 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.01093

A s=ρbd=( 0.01093 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=1682.593245 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1682.593245
N= = =5.356 say 6 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 6 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

 350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)
S= = 26 mm>25 mm
5

OK

350MM X 500 MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 2- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅ 6- 20mm ∅

Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 92.21 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )
 ∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

1
∅ V c= 50.930713 kN
2

1
V u < ∅ V c , but V u > ∅ V c ,
2

stirrupsare necessary .

2. Maximum spacing of d 440

smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2
stirrups

Av f y
3. Minimum area of stirrups: Smax 2= '
0.062 √ f C b

Av f y
Smax 3=
0.35 b

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

Av f y 157.08 ( 420 )
Smax 2= '
= ¿
0.062 √ f b C
0.062 ( √28 ) ( 350 )

Smax 2=574.553 mm say 570 mm

A v f y 157.08 ( 420 )
Smax 3= =
0.35 b 0.35 (350 )

smax 3=538.56 mm say 570 mm

Use theleast calculated S max

Therefore , use S=220 mm