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Palawan State University: Puerto Princesa City

This document outlines an experiment to determine the density of a solid material using the principle of buoyancy. Key steps include: 1) Weighing the material in air and water to determine buoyant force. 2) Calculating the volume of water displaced using the buoyant force and density of water. 3) Using the mass of the material and calculated volume to determine the density. Precautions are noted to ensure accurate measurements by avoiding air bubbles and friction.

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Kent Aldwin Mangalino
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67 views3 pages

Palawan State University: Puerto Princesa City

This document outlines an experiment to determine the density of a solid material using the principle of buoyancy. Key steps include: 1) Weighing the material in air and water to determine buoyant force. 2) Calculating the volume of water displaced using the buoyant force and density of water. 3) Using the mass of the material and calculated volume to determine the density. Precautions are noted to ensure accurate measurements by avoiding air bubbles and friction.

Uploaded by

Kent Aldwin Mangalino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Puerto Princesa City

Civil Engineering Department


Hydraulics
Experiment No. 11
Name: Course & Year:
Group: Date:

I. Title:
II. Objectives: To determine the Density of a solid Material Using the Principle of
Buoyancy.
III. Apparatus:
1. Concrete Cylinder
2. Iron block
3. Bottle of soft drink
4. Stone or any solid object
5. Water container
6. Platform balance
7. Wire mesh
8. Digital balance
9. Water enough to let the solid to submerged

IV. Theory:
1. The Archimedes’ principle state that a body wholly or partially
submerged in a liquid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of
equal volume of the liquid displaced.
2. When the solid body is fully submerged in water, its volume will
occupy portion of the liquid and water will displace. The volume
displaced by the liquid is exactly equal to the volume of the solid body
that is submerged.
3. To find the volume of the irregular solid that is submerged in liquid
too determine the volume of the liquid displace by the body.
4. The weight of the solid body when it is submerged in water is less than
the original weight in air. This loss of weight is called the buoyant
force which is the force that tend to push the submerged body up and
let the weight to became smaller in water.
5. The buoyant force is also equal to the weight of the liquid displace.
Interpreting the above statements using the formula.
Loss of weight of solid Wa – Ww = Bouyant Force (BF)

Also, since the volume of solid = volume of liquid displaced then


BF = weight of water displaced
BF = unit weight of liquid x Volume = γ water Vol water = γ w Vol solid
or
BF W a−W w M a−M w
Vol = = =
γw γw ρw
In CGS Units,
Vol = M a−M w
Since the density of water is 1 gm/cc
The density of solid body then is

Mass Ma Wa
Density = Sp. Gr. = = =
Volume M a−M w W a−W w

In Metric Units,
Kg
Density = Sp. Gr. x ρ = Sp. gr. x 1000
M3
W solid Wa Wa γw
γ solid = = =
Vol solid ( W a−W w ) /γ w W a−W w

PROCEDURE:
The material being used here is
1. Weigh the material in air
2. Weigh the knot string used for tying
3. Weigh the material in water

OBSERVATION:
Weight material in air Wa =
Weight of material in water Ww =
Buoyant force ……….... BF = Wa – Ww =
Volume submerged = BF/unit weight of water
= = Vs =
mass∈Kg Ma
Density of material = = =¿
volume displaced Vs

CONCLUSION

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Air bubbles must not cling to the sides of the submerged body. These will
create additional volume, additional buoyant force and decrease the weight
of body in water.
2. The submerged body must not touch the walls of vessel; this will create
friction force.
3. The knot string must have a small diameter as much as possible to
minimize increase in displaced volume.

REMARKS:

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