S. S.

JAIN SUBODH LAW

COLLEGE

TOPIC - ANTIVIRUS
SUBJECT - COMPUTER

SUBMITTED BY - SUBMITTED TO -
PRASHANT YADAV Mr ANIL PAREEK
(FACULTY OF COMPUTER)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to my project guide Mr Anil Pareek, Assistant

Professor, Computer, for guiding me right from the inception till the successful
completion of the project.
I sincerely acknowledge her for extending her valuable support for literate critical
reviews on project and the report and above all, the moral he has provided to me
with all stages of this project.

PRASHANT YADAV
2nd SEMESTER
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that PRASHANT YADAV, student of B.A. LL.B., Semester of

S.S. JAIN SUBODH LAW COLLEGE, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR has completed
the COMPUTER project for the semester on “ANTIVIRUS” under the guidance of
Mr ANIL PAREEK, Faculty for Computer in S.S. Jain Subodh Law College.

Mr ANIL PAREEK
Assistant Professor
 DECLARATION

I do hereby declare that this research titled “ANTIVIRUS” is outcome of the

research conducted by me under the guidance of Mr ANIL PAREEK (Assistant
Professor of Computer) at S.S. Jain Subodh Law College in fulfilment for the
award of degree of B.A. LL.B. at the University of Rajasthan.
I also declare that this work is original except where assistance from other source
has been taken and necessary acknowledgement for the same has been made at
appropriate places. Further, declares that this work has not been submitted either in
whole or in part for any degree or equivalent in any other institution.

PRASHANT YADAV
 INDEX

TOPIC PAGE NUMBER

CONCLUSION

COMPUTER VIRUS
A computer virus is a malicious program that self-replicates by copying itself to another
program. In other words, the computer virus spreads by itself into other executable code or
documents. The purpose of creating a computer virus is to infect vulnerable systems, gain admin
control and steal user sensitive data. Hackers design computer viruses with malicious intent and
prey on online users by tricking them.
One of the ideal methods by which viruses spread is through emails – opening the attachment in
the email, visiting an infected website, clicking on an executable file, or viewing an infected
advertisement can cause the virus to spread to your system. Besides that, infections also spread
while connecting with already infected removable storage devices, such as USB drives.
It is quite easy and simple for the viruses to sneak into a computer by dodging the defense
systems. A successful breach can cause serious issues for the user such as infecting other
resources or system software, modifying or deleting key functions or applications and
copy/delete or encrypt data.1

HOW DOES VIRUS WORKS?

A computer virus operates in two ways. The first kind, as soon as it lands on a new computer,
begins to replicate. The second type plays dead until the trigger kick starts the malicious code. In
other words, the infected program needs to run to be executed. Therefore, it is highly significant
to stay shielded by installing a robust antivirus program.
Of late, the sophisticated computer virus comes with evasion capabilities that help in
bypassing antivirus software and other advanced levels of defenses. The primary purpose can
involve stealing passwords or data, logging keystrokes, corrupting files, and even taking control
of the machine.

Subsequently, the polymorphic malware development in recent times enables the viruses to
change its code as it spreads dynamically. This has made the virus detection and identification
very challenging.2
HISTORY OF COMPUTER VIRUS

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March, 2020.
 Robert Thomas, an engineer at BBN Technologies developed the first known computer virus in
the year 1971. The first virus was christened as the “Creeper” virus, and the experimental
program carried out by Thomas infected mainframes on ARPANET. The teletype message
displayed on the screens read, “I’m the creeper: Catch me if you can.”
But the original wild computer virus, probably the first one to be tracked down in the history of
computer viruses was “Elk Cloner.” The Elk Cloner infected Apple II operating systems through
floppy disks. The message displayed on infected Apple Computers was a humorous one. The
virus was developed by Richard Skrenta, a teenager in the year 1982. Even though the computer
viruses were designed as a prank, it also enlightened how a malicious program could be installed
in a computer’s memory and stop users from removing the program.
It was Fred Cohen, who coined the term “computer virus” and it was after a year in 1983. The
term came into being when he attempted to write an academic paper titled “Computer Viruses –
Theory and Experiments” detailing about the malicious programs in his work.3

TYPES OF COMPUTER VIRUS

A computer virus is one type of malware that inserts its virus code to multiply itself by altering
the programs and applications. The computer gets infected through the replication of malicious
code. Computer viruses come in different forms to infect the system in different ways. Some of
the most common viruses are
 Boot Sector Virus
 Direct Action Virus
 Resident Virus
 Multipartite Virus
 Polymorphic Virus
 Overwrite Virus
 Spacefiller Virus4

ANTIVIRUS

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March, 2020.
DEFINITION

Software that is created specifically to help detect, prevent and remove malware (malicious
software).

Antivirus is a kind of software used to prevent, scan, detect and delete viruses from a computer.
Once installed, most antivirus software runs automatically in the background to provide real-time
protection against virus attacks.5

Comprehensive virus protection programs help protect your files and hardware from malware
such as worms, Trojan horses and spyware, and may also offer additional protection such as
customizable firewalls and website blocking.6

HOW DOES ANTIVIRUS WORKS?

Antivirus software begins operating by checking your computer programs and files against a
database of known types of malware. Since new viruses are constantly created and distributed by
hackers, it will also scan computers for the possibility of new or unknown type of malware
threats.7

Typically, most programs will use three different detection devices: specific detection, which
identifies known malware; generic detection, which looks for known parts or types of malware
or patterns that are related by a common codebase; and heuristic detection, which scans for
unknown viruses by identifying known suspicious file structures. When the program finds a file
that contains a virus, it will usually quarantine it and/or mark it for deletion, making it
inaccessible and removing the risk to your device.8

TYPES OF ANTIVIRUS

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Referred from https://www.verizon.com/info/definitions/antivirus/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
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1. AVG

AVG is one of the most popular antivirus programs that can be obtained for free, and it’s easy to

download directly from the internet. In addition to not taking up a significant amount of space on

a hard drive, it can also work with a number of different Windows operating systems. It

incorporates both antivirus and antispyware abilities and works by scanning all the files on the

computer at regular intervals. Additionally, it has the ability to quarantine virus files so that they

cannot do any harm before they can be checked and deleted.9

2. McAfee
McAfee VirusScan has been another very popular antivirus program on the market for years,

which has enabled the company to cement its position as a strong competitor to Symantec. It

provides spyware and virus protection within one program, rather than separately as many other

programs do. It is necessary to take out a subscription to use McAfee, but it will give you access

to continuously updating virus protection.10

3. Norton
There are a number of Norton antivirus programs available, all produced by Symantec. They

have quickly proven themselves to be a market leader when it comes to computer system

security, with their products available from a range of different electronics supply stores. Norton

programs are used by the majority of computer users on the market, who pay an annual fee for a

subscription service. Norton Anti-Virus and Norton Internet Security are software programs that

search the computer regularly and delete any viruses that they find.11

4. KASPERSKY

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Russian-developed Kaspersky is not the most popular of all the antivirus protection programs;

many people have probably never heard of them. However, they still provide a very effective

product for protection against viruses, spyware, and Trojans. Kaspersky Internet Security and

Kaspersky Antivirus prevent problems that computers will encounter in the event that they

become infected.12

5. Ad-Aware
This software by Lavasoft is another antivirus program that provides protection against a large

number of cybersecurity threats that arise from using the Internet. They offer different levels of
protection according to how much you want to spend in a one-off payment for the program. In

addition to finding and removing viruses and spyware that can detect keystrokes and passwords,

it will protect against Trojans. Advancements in anti-malware technology allow it to provide

effective protection while not putting excessive pressure on the system in the process.13

PROS AND CONS OF AN ANTIVIRUS

Pros of Anti-virus software
Installing the anti-virus software on your computer, you get protecting from different mal-
functioning that may happen in the device. There are many advantages after installing the device
in the computer. Some are discussed below:14

 Protection against the viruses

People tend to click suspicious link in different websites or the attachments in emails. Visiting
those links or untrustworthy websites bring viruses along them. Just a single virus can affect
12
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14
Referred from https://www.pros-cons.net/pros-and-cons-of-antivirus-software/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
many programs and can also destroy all of the valued data making the computer worthless. Thus,
with anti-virus software, it can decrease the chances of getting affected. The anti-virus software
downloaded, will prevent the computer from viruses, malware and spyware.15

 Protection while surfing

Anti-virus software will protect you computer from the hackers who may gain access to your
personal things such as credit card information or the bank account while you surf the Internet.16

 Firewall feature
With most anti-virus software, firewall feature is included in it which will block any
unauthorized incoming connections to your network. It further prevents the hackers from digging
from the personal computer.17

 Protects from spamming

Spam is quite annoying when you are bombarded with emails and ads during The workirng
hours and also you have no interest. The anti-virus software installed protects the computer from
spamming.18

 Protects from spyware

The antivirus software can also protect the computer from the spyware and identity theft. The
spyware is a kind of software designed to infect your computer, spy on you and steals all your
personal information stored inside your computer like the financial data, important personal files
and images.19

Cons of antivirus software

1. Slows down system

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16
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17
Referred from https://www.pros-cons.net/pros-and-cons-of-antivirus-software/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
18
Referred from https://www.pros-cons.net/pros-and-cons-of-antivirus-software/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
19
Referred from https://www.pros-cons.net/pros-and-cons-of-antivirus-software/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
Anti-virus software can slow down the PC or network as it can use a lot of computer memory &
hard disk space when installing and using it.20

2. Security holes
Some security holes in the operating system and networking software give the viruses another
entry point that bypasses the anti-virus software. The Anti-virus software use today highly
effective if it is kept updated.21

3. Not for firewall

The installed anti-virus software doesn't support for Firewall and it will not prevent you from
getting hacked. You need to install firewall software or a full internet security suite to protect
your computer fully.22

CONCLUSION

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21
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22
Referred from https://www.pros-cons.net/pros-and-cons-of-antivirus-software/ visited on 24th March, 2020.
BIBLIOGRAPHY