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Brick Bonds: by Engr. Shahzeb Adil

Brick bonds are the different arrangements used to stack bricks in masonry construction. There are several common types of brick bonds including header bond, stretcher bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. Header bond uses all headers, stretcher bond uses all stretchers, English bond alternates headers and stretchers with overlapping joints, and Flemish bond also alternates headers and stretchers but centers the headers over stretchers in the below course. Proper brick bonding techniques help distribute structural loads and provide attractive wall appearances.

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278 views

Brick Bonds: by Engr. Shahzeb Adil

Brick bonds are the different arrangements used to stack bricks in masonry construction. There are several common types of brick bonds including header bond, stretcher bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. Header bond uses all headers, stretcher bond uses all stretchers, English bond alternates headers and stretchers with overlapping joints, and Flemish bond also alternates headers and stretchers but centers the headers over stretchers in the below course. Proper brick bonding techniques help distribute structural loads and provide attractive wall appearances.

Uploaded by

shahzeb adil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Brick Bonds

BY ENGR. SHAHZEB ADIL


Introduction
•Brickwork is masonry produced by a layer using bricks and mortar
•Typically, row of bricks is called a course, are laid on top of one another to build up a structure such as
a brick wall.
•Brick is a popular medium for constructing buildings, and examples of brickwork are found through
history as far back as the bronze age.
•Parts of brickwork include bricks, beds and perpends.
•The bed is the mortar upon which a brick is laid.
•A perpend is a vertical joint between any two bricks and is usually filled with mortar.
•Brick has a dimension of 9”x4.5”x3”
•Mortar bed and perpends are of uniform 3/8” = 10mm
•There are many sizes of bricks used worldwide
Laid bricks
Bricks are usually laid such that two bricks laid side by side separated only by the width of a
perpend have a total width identical to the length of a single brick laid transversely on top of
them
Nomenclature in brick
Brick positions
Stretcher: A brick laid horizontally. Flat with the long side of the brick exposed on
the outer face of a wall.
Header: A brick laid flat with the short end of the brick exposed
Shiner or Bull Stretcher: A brick laid on the long narrow side with the broad side
exposed.
Rowlock or Bull Header: A brick laid on the long, narrow side with the small or
header side exposed.
Sailor: A brick laid vertically with the broad side exposed.
Soldier: A brick laid vertically with the narrow (stretcher) side exposed.
Cuts in a brick
Occasionally though a brick must be cut to fit a given space, or to be the right shape for
fulfilling some particular purpose such as generating an offset—called a lap—at the beginning
of a course.
• In some cases these special shapes or sizes are manufactured.
Frequently used cuts are as follows:
• Three-quarter bat – stretching: A brick cut to three-quarters of its length, and laid flat with its
long, narrow side exposed.
• Three-quarter bat – heading: A brick cut to three-quarters of its length, and laid flat with its
short side exposed.
• Half bat: A brick cut in half across its length, and laid flat.
• Queen closer: A brick cut in half down its width, and laid with its smallest face exposed and
standing vertically. A queen closer is often used for the purpose of creating a lap.

Less frequently used cuts are as follows:


• Quarter bat: A brick cut to a quarter of its length.
• Three-quarter queen closer: A queen closer cut to three-quarters of its length.
• King closer: A brick with one corner cut away, leaving one header face at half its standard
width.
Types of Brick Bonds
What is a bond?
In brick masonry, there are many techniques to stack bricks. These
different arrangements are known as bricks bonds. Each bond has its
own characteristics. Following are the commonly used bricks bonds.
Some of the different types of brick bonds are,

• Header Bond
• Stretcher Bond
• English Bond
• Flemish Bond
Header Bond
• In this type of bonding all the bricks are laid as headers on the faces.
• The overlap, which is usually-of half the width of the brick is obtained by introducing a three-
quarter bat in each alternate course at quoins.
• Wall thickness of minimum 9”
• This bond is chiefly used for footings in foundations for better transverse distribution of load
Stretcher Bond
•In this arrangement of bonding, all the bricks are laid as stretchers.
• The overlap, which is usually of half brick, is obtained by commencing each alternate course
with a half brick bat.
•Stretching bond is used for half brick wall only.
•This bond is also termed as running bond.
•Is commonly adopted in the construction of half brick thick leaves of cavity walls, partition
walls, etc. Since there are no headers, suitable reinforcement should be used for structural bond
English Bond
• Consists of alternate course of headers and stretches.
•In this English bond arrangement, vertical joints in the header courses come over each other
and the vertical joints in the stretcher course are also in the same line.
• For the breaking of vertical joints in the successive course it is essential to place queen closer,
after the first header in each heading course.
In English bond, a heading course should never start with a queen closer as it is liable to get
displaced in this position.
Flemish Bond
• Each course consists of alternate headers and stretchers.
• The alternate headers of each course are centered over the stretchers in the course below.
• Every alternate course starts with a header at the corner.
• For the breaking of vertical joints in the successive courses, closers are inserted in alternate
courses next to the quoin header.

• Flemish bond is further divided into two different types namely,


1. Single Flemish bond,
2. Double Flemish bond.
Single Flemish Bond
.
•This bond is a combination of English bond and Flemish bond.
•In this work the facing of the wall consists of Flemish bond and the backing consists of English
bond in each course.
•This type of bonding cannot be adopted in walls less than one and a half brick in thickness.
•This bond is adopted to present the attractive appearance of Flemish bond with an effort to
ensure full strength in the brick work
Double Flemish Bond
•In Double Flemish Bond, each course presents the same appearance both in the front and back
elevations.
• Every course consists of headers and stretchers laid alternately.
•It enables the one brick wall to have flush and uniform faces on both the sides.
•This type of bonding is comparatively weaker than English bond
Sheet 1: Brick Bonds
Student Sample:
The End

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