Scribd
Upload
165 views

Saint Louis University: Hydroelectric Power Plants in The Philippines

This document provides information about hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines. It discusses what hydroelectric power is, how hydroelectric power plants work by harnessing the kinetic energy of moving water to turn turbines and generate electricity. It then gives a brief history of hydroelectric power development. The document concludes by listing major existing and planned hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines along with their capacities and locations.

Uploaded by

Naomi Aira Gole Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
165 views

Saint Louis University: Hydroelectric Power Plants in The Philippines

This document provides information about hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines. It discusses what hydroelectric power is, how hydroelectric power plants work by harnessing the kinetic energy of moving water to turn turbines and generate electricity. It then gives a brief history of hydroelectric power development. The document concludes by listing major existing and planned hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines along with their capacities and locations.

Uploaded by

Naomi Aira Gole Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Saint Louis University

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Hydroelectric Power Plants

in the Philippines

Boado, Airah Joy M.


Gole Cruz, Naomi Aira D
Lagasca, Venus Glenda S.
2:30 – 3:30 TThS

Engr. Vivian Compala


Saint Louis University
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

What is Hydroelectric Power?


Hydropower (from the Greek word hydor, meaning water) is energy that comes
from the force of moving water. The fall and movement of water is part of a continuous
natural cycle called the water cycle.
Energy from the sun evaporates water in the Earth’s oceans and rivers and
draws it upward as water vapor. When the water vapor reaches the cooler air in the
atmosphere, it condenses and forms clouds. The moisture eventually falls to the Earth
as rain or snow, replenishing the water in the oceans and rivers. Gravity drives the
moving water, transporting it from high ground to low ground. The force of moving water
can be extremely powerful. Hydropower is called a renewable energy source because
the water on Earth is continuously replenished by precipitation.
Hydropower plants harness water's energy and use simple mechanics to convert
that energy into electricity. Hydropower plants are actually based on a rather simple
concept -- water flowing through a dam turns a turbine, which turns a generator.

How Hydroelectric Power Plants Work


Hydroelectric power comes from water at work, water in motion. It can be seen
as a form of solar energy, as the sun powers the hydrologic cycle which gives the earth
its water. In the hydrologic cycle, atmospheric water reaches the earth=s surface as
precipitation. Some of this water evaporates, but much of it either percolates into the
soil or becomes surface runoff. Water from rain and melting snow eventually reaches
ponds, lakes, reservoirs, or oceans where evaporation is constantly occurring.
To generate electricity, water must be in motion. This is kinetic (moving) energy.
When flowing water turns blades in a turbine, the form is changed to mechanical
(machine) energy. The turbine turns the generator rotor which then converts this
mechanical energy into another energy form -- electricity. Since water is the initial
source of energy, we call this hydroelectric power or hydropower for short.
Saint Louis University
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

At facilities called hydroelectric power plants, hydropower is generated. Some


power plants are located on rivers, streams, and canals, but for a reliable water supply,
dams are needed. Dams store water for later release for such purposes as irrigation,
domestic and industrial use, and power generation. The reservoir acts much like a
battery, storing water to be released as needed to generate power.
The dam creates a “head” or height from which water flows. A pipe (penstock)
carries the water from the reservoir to the turbine. The fast-moving water pushes the
turbine blades, something like a pinwheel in the wind. The waters force on the turbine
blades turns the rotor, the moving part of the electric generator. When coils of wire on
the rotor sweep past the generator=s stationary coil (stator), electricity is produced.

History of Hydropower Plants


Humans have been harnessing water to perform work for thousands of years.
The Greeks used water wheels for grinding wheat into flour more than 2,000 years ago.
The evolution of the modern hydropower turbine began in the mid-1700s when a French
hydraulic and military engineer, Bernard Forest de Bélidor wrote Architecture
Hydraulique.
In 1880, a dynamo driven by a water turbine was used to provide arc lighting– a
technique where an electric spark in the air between two conductors produces a light –
to a theatre and storefront in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and in 1881, a dynamo
connected to a turbine in a flour mill provided street lighting at Niagara Falls, New York;
both of which used direct current technology. The breakthrough of alternating current,
the method used today, allowed power to be transmitted longer distances and ushered
Saint Louis University
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

in the first U.S. commercial installation of an alternating current hydropower plant at the
Redlands Power Plant in California in 1893. The Redlands Power Plant utilized Pelton
waterwheels driven by water taken from the nearby Mill Creek and a 3-phase generator
which ensured consistent power delivery.
*history of hydro power plant in PH

Types of Hydropower Plants

Sizes of Hydropower Plants

Advantage/disadvantage

Advantage

1. Hydropower is a fuelled by water, so it's a clean fuel source.


2. Hydropower doesn't pollute the air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as
coal or natural gas.
3. Hydropower relies on the water cycle, which is driven by the sun, thus it's a
renewable power source.
4. Hydropower is generally available as needed; Engineers can control the flow of
water through the turbines to produce electricity on demand.
5. Hydropower plants provide benefits in addition to clean electricity.
Disadvantage

1. Fish populations can be impacted if fish cannot migrate upstream past impoundment
dams to spawning grounds or if they cannot migrate downstream to the ocean.
Upstream fish passage can be aided using fish ladders or elevators, or by trapping
and hauling the fish upstream by truck. Downstream fish passage is aided by
diverting fish from turbine intakes using screens or racks or even underwater lights
and sounds, and by maintaining a minimum spill flow past the turbine.

2. Hydropower can impact water quality and flow. Hydropower plants can cause low
dissolved oxygen levels in the water, a problem that is harmful to riparian
(riverbank) habitats and is addressed using various aeration techniques, which
oxygenate the water. Maintaining minimum flows of water downstream of a
hydropower installation is also critical for the survival of riparian habitats.

3. Hydropower plants can be impacted by drought. When water is not available, the
hydropower plants can't produce electricity.
Saint Louis University
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

4. New hydropower facilities impact the local environment and may compete with other
uses for the land. Those alternative uses may be more highly valued than electricity
generation. Humans, flora, and fauna may lose their natural habitat. Local cultures and
historical sites may be impinged upon. Some older hydropower facilities may have
historic value, so renovations of these facilities must also be sensitive to such
preservation concerns and to impacts on plant and animal life.

Lists of Hydro in the Philippines


Station Capacity Operator Commissioned Location Status
(MW)

Agus 1 80.00 1994 Marawi Operational


City, Lanao
Hydroelectric del Sur
Power Plant

Agua-Grande 80.00 1983 Pagudpud, Operational


Hydroelectric Ilocos Norte
Power Plant

Agus 6 200.00 1953, 1977 Iligan City, Operational


Lanao del
Hydroelectric Norte
Power Plant

Agusan 2 1.60 First Gen 1957 Manolo Fort Operational


Corporation ich,
Hydroelectric Damilag,
Power Plant Bukidnon
Saint Louis University
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Ambuklao 105.00 2011 Bokod, Operational


Hydroelectric Benguet
Power Plant

Lon – oy 1.3.60 1993 Lon-oy, San Operational


Hydro Gabriel. La
Union

Talomo 0.30 2005 Brgy. Operational


Hydro 2B Mintal,
Davao City

Talomo 1.92 2005 Brgy. Operational


Hydro 3 Catalunan
Pequeno,
Davao City

Sabangan 14.00 2015 Sabangan, Under –


Hydro Mt. Construction
Province

Linao 3.00 2014 Oriental Operational


Cawayan Mindoro

You might also like