NUMBER AND ALGEBRA

TOPIC 6
Decimals

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6.1 Overview

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Numerous videos and interactiv-
ities are embedded just where you

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need them, at the point of learn-
ing, in your learnON title at www.

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jacplus.com.au. They will help you
to learn the concepts covered in this
topic.

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6.1.1 Why learn this?

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Decimals allow us to represent
fractions and percentages in a dif-
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ferent way. They are important in
calculations with parts of a whole.
Decimals are commonly used in
business, shopping, measuring and
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sport. When Cathy Freeman won a

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gold medal at the Sydney Olympics,

the winning margin was just 0.02 of
a second.
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6.1.2 What do you know?

1. THINK List what you know about decimals. Use a thinking tool such as a concept map to show your list.
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2. PAIR Share what you know with a partner and then with a small group.
3. SHARE As a class, create a thinking tool such as a large concept map that shows your class’s
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knowledge of decimals.
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LEARNING SEQUENCE
6.1 Overview
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6.2 Place value and comparing decimals

6.3 Converting decimals to fractions and fractions to decimals
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6.4 Rounding and repeating decimals

6.5 Adding and subtracting decimals
6.6 Multiplying decimals (including by multiples of 10)
6.7 Dividing decimals (including by multiples of 10)
6.8 Review

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 6.2 Place value and comparing decimals
6.2.1 Whole numbers
•• The position of a digit within a number indicates the value of the digit.
•• The further the digit is to the left of the number, the larger the place value.

Hundred thousands Ten thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Units

100 000 10 000 1000 100 10 1

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•• Each place to the left of another has a value which is 10 times larger.
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•• Each place to the right of another has a value which is 10 of the previous position.

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•• In the following numbers, look at the value of the 3.

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Number Value of 3 in number

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  132 3 tens or 30
3217 3 thousands or 3000
4103 3 units (ones) or 3

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6.2.2 Decimal parts

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•• Whole numbers have units as their smallest place value.

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•• To show values smaller than units, a decimal is placed after the units.
•• The value of the positions to the left and right of the decimal point are shown in the table below.

Ten
Thousands Hundreds Tens Units . Tenths Hundredths Thousandths t­ housandths
1 1 1 1
1000 100 10 1 . 10 100 1000 10 000

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 •• In the following numbers, look at the value of the 3.

Number Value of 3 in number

3
14.32 The 3 is 3 tenths or 10
3
106.013 The 3 is 3 thousandths or 1000

0.000 03 The 3 is 3 hundred thousandths or 1003000

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WORKED EXAMPLE 1

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Find the value of the 7 in each of the following
a 10.74 b 0.173 c 321.037

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THINK WRITE

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a The value of the first place to the right of the decimal point is tenths, so the a 10
7
digit is tenths.
b The second place after the decimal point is hundredths, so the digit is b 100
7

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hundredths.

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c The digit is in the thousandths place, so the digit is thousandths. 7
c 1000
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WORKED EXAMPLE 2

For the number 76.204 write the value of each digit in words and numbers
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THINK WRITE
1 7 is in the tens position. Seventy, 70
2 6 is in the units position. Six, 6
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2
3 2 is in the first position after the decimal point, so it is tenths. Two tenths, 10
0
4 0 is in the hundredths position. Zero hundredths, 100
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4
5 4 is in the thousandths position. Four thousandths, 1000
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•• The number 76.204 can be written in expanded notation as:

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( 10) ( 1000)
1 1
(7 × 10) + (6 × 1) + 2× + 4×
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WORKED EXAMPLE 3

Write 3.4501 in expanded notation.

THINK WRITE
1 Write the decimal. 3.4501

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 2 Find the place value of each digit. = 3 units + 4 tenths + 5 hundredths
3:3 units = 3, 4:4 tenths = 4
, + 0 thousandths + 1 ten thousandth
10 4 5 0 1
5 = 3 + 10 + 100 + 1000 + 10000
5:5 hundredths = 100
,
0
0:0 thousandths = 1000,
1
1:1 ten thousandth = 10 000
.
1 1
3 Write the number in expanded notation. = (3 × 1) + (4 × 10 ) + (5 × )

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100
1
+ (1 × 10 000)

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6.2.3 Comparing decimals
•• To compare the size of numbers that include decimal digits (‘decimal numbers’ or ‘decimals’), it is

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necessary to compare the size of the digits with the same place value.
•• First, compare the whole number part (digits to the left of the decimal point). If they are the same for
each number, move to the first digit after the decimal point, then the second, the third and so on until

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the digits are different. The larger digit will belong to the larger number.

WORKED EXAMPLE 4
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Find the largest number in each of the following.
a 0.126, 0.216, 0.122 b 2.384, 2.388, 2.138 c 0.506, 0.605, 0.612
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THINK WRITE
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a 1  As the units digit is 0 in each number, compare the a 0.216 is larger than 0.126 and 0.122.
tenths. The number 0.216 has 2 tenths, the others
have 1 tenth so 0.216 is the largest number.
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2 Answer the question. The largest number is 0.216.

b 1  As the units digits are the same, compare the tenths b 2.384 and 2.388 are both larger
and eliminate the smallest number. than 2.138.
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2 The hundredths are the same so compare the 2.388 is larger than 2.384 and 2.138.
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thousandths and decide which number is bigger.

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3 Answer the question. The largest number is 2.388.

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c 1  As the unit digit is 0 compare the tenths and c 0.605 and 0.612 are larger than 0.506.
eliminate the smallest number.
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2 Compare the hundredths and find the biggest 0.612 is larger than 0.605 and 0.506.
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number.
3 Answer the question. The largest number is 0.612.

•• Decimals can also be compared using the area model. For example, we could use the area model to
determine whether 0.67 or 0.7 is larger. From the following area model, it can be seen that 0.7 covers
a greater area than 0.67 and is therefore larger.

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 •• When comparing two numbers, it is easier to use symbols 0.67 0.7
instead of words, as shown in Topic 4 on fractions.
•• In Worked example 4, the result ‘0.216 is larger than 0.126’
could be written as 0.216 > 0.126. We could also say that
0.126 is less than 0.216, or write it as 0.126 < 0.216.

WORKED EXAMPLE 5

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Insert the appropriate < or > sign between the following pairs of numbers to make true
statements.

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a 0.312 0.318 b 0.0246 0.0168

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THINK WRITE
a Compare the numbers. Both numbers have the same number a 0.312 < 0.318

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of tenths and the same number of hundredths, so compare
thousandths and insert the correct sign.
b Compare the numbers. Both numbers have no tenths, so b 0.0246 > 0.0168

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compare hundredths and insert the correct sign.

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RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY

Watch this eLesson: Place value

Searchlight ID: eles-0004
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Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Writing decimals

Searchlight ID: doc-6458
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Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Comparing decimals

Searchlight ID: doc-6459
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Exercise 6.2 Place value and comparing decimals

Individual pathways
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UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER

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Questions: Questions: Questions:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 1b, c, f, g, j, k, 2b, c, f, g, j, k, 3c, d, 1a, e, l, 2b, f, j, 4d, h, i, 5d, h, l, 6,
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13, 14, 15, 18 f 4c, d, g, h, k, l, 5c, d, g, h, k, l, 6, 8b, k, 9c, l, 10g, l, 11g, l, 12–19
7, 8a, c, e, g, i, k, 9d, e, j, 10a, g, l,
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11a, g, l, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18

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    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4337 ONLINE ONLY

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To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.

Fluency
1. WE1 Find the value of the 2 in each of the following.
a. 5.2 b. 19.12 c. 0.02 d. 100.29
e. 0.982 047 f. 491.7521 g. 6.1342 h. 90.0002
i. 27.003 j. 12.14 k. 1.8902 l. 897.014 12

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 2. Find the value of the 9 in each of the following.
a. 0.9 b. 14.98 c. 6.1937 d. 18.89
e. 12.090 f. 0.009 14 g. 3.4629 h. 1.276 89
i. 39.214 j. 9 k. 900.76 l. 90.612
3. WE2 For the following numbers write the value of each digit in words and numbers.
a. 4.1 b. 1.85 c. 0.271 d. 9.020
e. 16.001 f. 3.402 07
4. For each of the following numbers write the value of each digit in numbers.

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a. 0.4 b. 2.7 c. 6.80 d. 5.23 e. 0.763
f. 2.108 g. 19.910 h. 0.1101 i. 7.2964 j. 0.330 24
k. 300.03 l. 12.276 403

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5. WE3 Write the following numbers in expanded notation.
a. 2.47 b. 3.69 c. 1.25 d. 56.01 e. 39.01

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f. 16.07 g. 7.123 h. 5.987 i. 13.482 j. 0.3062
k. 0.1305 l. 0.5002

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6. MC a.  Four tenths, 1 hundredth and 3 thousandths equals:
a. 4.13 b. 3.14 c. 0.413 d. 0.314 e. 314
b. Five hundredths, 2 thousandths and 7 ten thousandths equals:
a. 527 b. 52.7 c. 5.27 d. 0.0527 e. 0.527

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7. Copy and complete the table by putting only one digit in each box.

    Tens Units
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  Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
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Example 37.684 3 7 . 6 8 4
a 0.205     .      
b 1.06     .      
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c 74.108     .      
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d 0.108     .    
e 50.080     .      
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8. WE4 Find the largest number in each of the following.

a. 0.24, 0.32, 0.12 b. 0.76, 0.68, 0.91
c. 0.57, 0.51, 0.59 d. 0.92, 0.99, 0.93
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e. 0.192, 0.191, 0.901 f. 0.660, 0.666, 0.662

g. 0.1440, 0.1436, 0.1433 h. 0.0392, 0.039 90, 0.0039
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i. 2.506, 2.305, 2.599 j. 10.0023, 10.0231, 10.0233

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k. 0.110 43, 0.110 49, 0.110 40 l. 0.102 36, 0.100 23, 0.101 09
9. WE5 Insert the appropriate < or > sign between each of the following pairs of numbers to make true
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statements.
a. 3.2 2.9 b. 8.6 8.9 c. 1.27 1.28 d. 0.64 0.67
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e. 1.37 1.41 f. 0.29 0.39 g. 13.103 13.112 h. 0.427 0.424

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i. 0.580 0.508 j. 0.0101 0.0120 k. 0.048 01 0.4801 l. 1.3830 1.3824

10. Write the following in order from smallest to largest (ascending order).
a. 0.21, 0.39, 0.17, 0.45, 0.33 b. 0.16, 0.19, 0.27, 0.12, 0.22
c. 0.314, 0.413, 0.420, 0.391, 0.502 d. 0.613, 0.624, 0.690, 0.710, 0.677
e. 0.821, 0.803, 0.811, 0.807, 0.902 f. 0.1164, 0.1245, 0.1033, 0.1002, 0.1196
g. 0.9864, 0.9812, 0.9943, 0.9087, 0.9189 h. 0.4004, 0.4139, 0.4826, 0.4100, 0.4076
i. 4.6249, 4.5097, 4.802, 4.6031, 4.0292 j. 13.0294, 13.0291, 13.0229, 13.0299, 13.0929
k. 0.004 65, 0.005 02, 0.003, 0.0056, 0.009 l. 0.507, 0.61, 0.595, 0.5079, 0.617

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 11. Write the following in order from largest to smallest (descending order).
a. 0.36, 0.31, 0.39, 0.48, 0.19 b. 0.27, 0.38, 0.16, 0.02, 0.35
c. 0.91, 0.97, 0.90, 0.95, 0.99 d. 0.02, 0.29, 0.07, 0.13, 0.09
e. 1.264, 1.279, 1.273, 1.291, 1.288 f. 0.442, 0.437, 0.491, 0.406, 0.433
g. 0.372, 0.318, 0.390, 0.309, 0.317 h. 0.502, 0.556, 0.573, 0.602, 0.591
i. 0.8207, 0.8889, 0.8823, 0.8217, 0.8448 j. 0.7657, 0.6024, 0.0307, 0.1079, 0.7695
k. 1.349 54, 1.486 59, 1.702 96, 1.843 21, 1.486 13 l. 12.289 50, 12.208 64, 12.392, 12.002 36, 12.9092
12. MC The largest number in the following list; 0.4261, 0.4265, 0.4273, 0.4199, 0.3999 is:

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a. 0.4261 b. 0.4199 c. 0.4265 d. 0.3999 e. 0.4273
13. MC The smallest number in the following list; 0.4261, 0.4265, 0.4273, 0.4199, 0.3999 is:
a. 0.4261 b. 0.4199 c. 0.4265 d. 0.3999 e. 0.4273

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14. MC The following list; 0.4261, 0.4265, 0.4273, 0.4199, 0.3999 when arranged from smallest to
largest is:

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a. 0.4273, 0.4265, 0.4261, 0.4199, 0.3999
b. 0.4273, 0.4261, 0.4265, 0.4199, 0.3999

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c. 0.3999, 0.4199, 0.4265, 0.4261, 0.4273
d. 0.3999, 0.4199, 0.4261, 0.4273, 0.4265
e. 0.3999, 0.4199, 0.4261, 0.4265, 0.4273

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Understanding
15. For each of the following numbers:
i. state the place value of the zero.
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PA
ii. would the value of the number change if the zero wasn’t there? (Write yes or no.)
a. 6.02 b. 10.49 c. 7.360 d. 13.10 e. 4.0
f. 133.027 g. 0.65 h. 17.809 i. 20 j. 108.62
16. Write True (T) or False (F) for each of the following.
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a. 76.34 has 4 decimal places.

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b. 10 + 100 + 10 4000 is the same as 0.6304.
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c. 4.03 has the same value as 4.3.

d. 29.60 has the same value as 29.6.
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3 8 4
e. 1.2804 could be written as 1 + 10 + 100
+ 1000
.
f. 1090.264 51 has 5 decimal places.
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Reasoning
17. Year 7 girls competing in their school swimming sports recorded the following times in the 50 -metre
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freestyle, backstroke and breaststroke events.

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  Time (seconds) recorded by contestants

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Event Carolyn Jessica Mara Jenika Robyn Shelley Kyah

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Freestyle 37.23 39.04 40.90 38.91 37.45 37.02 37.89

Backstroke 40.23 43.87 44.08 42.65 41.98 40.29 41.05
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Breaststroke 41.63 42.70 41.10 41.21 42.66 41.33 41.49

a. Who won the freestyle event? How much did she win it by?
b. Who won the backstroke event? How much did she win it by?
c. Who won the breaststroke event? How much did she win it by?

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 d. List the first 3 placings of the freestyle
event.
e. List the first 3 placings of the backstroke
event.
f. List the first 3 placings of the
breaststroke event.
g. Did any students obtain a placing in all
three events?

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Problem solving
18. What is my number?
My number contains four different even

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digits and has three decimal places. The
digit in the thousandths position is half the value of the digit in the units position. The sum of the

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digits in the units and tenths positions is the same as the sum of the digits in the hundredths and

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thousandths positions. The digit in the thousandths position is bigger than the digit in the tenths
position.
19. a. Calculate the decimal values of the following fractions.
1 2 3 4 5 6
, , , , ,

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7 7 7 7 7 7
Write as many decimals as possible.

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b. Is there a pattern? Explain.
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Reflection
What strategies will you use to find the smallest decimal?

6.3 Converting decimals to fractions and fractions

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to decimals
6.3.1 Converting decimals to fractions
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• Decimals can be written as single fractions by using place values.

Number Ones Tenths Hundredths

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0.3 0. 3 0
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1.25 1. 2 5
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3
• The decimal 0.3 can be written as 10 .
2 5 20 5 25
• The decimal 1.25 can be thought of as 1 + + =1+ + = 1 100 .
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10 100 100 100

• In practice, the digits after the decimal point become the numerator and the place value of the last
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digit gives the denominator.

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• Once decimals have been written as fractions or mixed numbers, they can be simplified by dividing
the denominator and numerator by the highest common factor.
• Sometimes the highest common factor may not be obvious, and extra steps may be required to
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obtain the simplest form. For example, when simplifying 1 100 the following steps could be used:
25 5
1 100 = 1 20 = 1 14.

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 WORKED EXAMPLE 6

Write the following decimals as fractions, then simplify where appropriate.

a 0.2 b 0.86 c 0.6021
THINK WRITE
a 1 Write the decimal. a 0.2
  2 The numerator is 2 and the last decimal place is tenths   = 2
10

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so the denominator is 10.
  3 Divide the numerator and the denominator by the   = 15
­highest ­common factor.

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  4 Simplify the fraction.    

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b 1 Write the decimal. b 0.86
  = 86

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  2 The numerator is 86. The last decimal place is
100
­hundredths so the denominator is 100.
  3 Repeat steps 3 and 4 of part a.   = 43
50

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c 1 Write the decimal. c 0.6021
  2 The numerator is 6021. The last place is tens of   = 6021

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10 000
­thousandths so the denominator is 10  000.
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WORKED EXAMPLE 7

Write each of the following as a mixed number in its simplest form.

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a 3.041 b 7.264
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THINK WRITE
a 1 Write the decimal. a 3.041
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  2 Write the whole number part and change the ­decimal   = 3 41

1000
part to a fraction. The numerator is 41. The last decimal
place is thousandths so the ­denominator is 1000.
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b 1 Write the decimal. b 7.264

  = 7 264
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  2 Write the whole number part and change the ­decimal 1000
part to a fraction. The numerator is 264 and the
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­denominator is 1000.
  264 ÷ 8
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  3 Divide the numerator and the denominator by = 7 1000 ÷ 8

the ­highest common factor.
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  4 Simplify the fraction.   33

= 7 125
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6.3.2 Converting fractions to decimals

•• To change any fraction into a decimal, divide the denominator into the numerator. For example, to
change 14 into a decimal, divide 4 into 1:
0.25
add a decimal point and as many zeros as required.
4⟌1.00

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 WORKED EXAMPLE 8

Change the following fractions into finite decimals.

2
a 5
b 18
THINK WRITE
a 1 Set out the question as for division of whole ­numbers, a 0.4
­adding a decimal point and the required number of 5⟌2.0

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2
zeros. Note: 5 = 2 ÷ 5.
  2 Divide, writing the answer with the decimal   2
= 0.4
5
point exactly in line with the decimal point in

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the question.

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b 1 Set out the question as for division of whole ­numbers, b 0.125
­adding a decimal point and the required number of 8⟌1.000

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zeros. Note: 18 = 1 ÷ 8.
  1
= 0.125
  2 Divide, writing the answer with the decimal 8
point exactly in line with the decimal point in

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the question.

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•• By knowing the decimal equivalent of any fraction, it is possible to determine the equivalent of any
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multiple of that fraction. The following worked example illustrates this.

WORKED EXAMPLE 9
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Use the results of Worked example 8 to find decimal equivalents for:

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a 3
8
b 4 58
THINK WRITE
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1
a 1 Write the decimal equivalent for the fraction a 8
= 0.125
with 1 as the numerator.
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1
  2 Multiply both sides of this equation by the   8
× 3 = 0.125 × 3
­appropriate multiple (3 in this case).
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3
  3 Write the answer.   8
= 0.375
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1
b 1 Consider only the fraction part of the mixed number. b 8
= 0.125
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Write the decimal equivalent of this fraction with

1 as the numerator.
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1
  2 Multiply both sides of this equation by the   8
× 5 = 0.125 × 5
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­appropriate multiple (5 in this case).

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  3 Simplify both sides.   8
= 0.625

  4 Combine with the whole number and write   4 58 = 4.625

the answer.

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 Exercise 6.3 Converting decimals to fractions
and fractions to decimals
Individual pathways

UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER

Questions: Questions: Questions:
1–6, 8 1–8 1–9

FS
    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4338 ONLINE ONLY

To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,

O
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.

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Fluency
1. WE6 Write the following decimals as fractions, then simplify where appropriate.

PR
a. 0.3 b. 0.5 c. 0.9 d. 0.21 e. 0.4
f. 0.8 g. 0.24 h. 0.44 i. 0.49 j. 0.63
k. 0.502 l. 0.617 m. 0.12 n. 0.30 o. 0.64
p. 0.28 q. 0.882 r. 0.9456 s. 0.9209 t. 0.4621

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u. 0.75 v. 0.120 w. 0.286 x. 0.468

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2. WE7 Write the following decimals as mixed numbers in simplest form.
a. 1.3 b. 1.6 c. 2.7 d. 9.4 e. 1.2
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f. 2.8 g. 4.2 h. 8.5 i. 2.13 j. 6.48
k. 5.27 l. 19.182 m. 12.42 n. 3.15 o. 6.25
p. 9.140 q. 12.843 r. 16.682 s. 2.4917 t. 4.3386
u. 37.205 v. 18.645 w. 24.345 x. 100.0048
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3. MC a.  0.13 as a fraction is:

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13 13 13 1.3 3
a. b. c. d. e. 1
10 100 1000 100 10

b. 0.207 as a fraction is:

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207 207 7 7
a. b. c. 2 d. 20 e. 207
1000 100 10 10

c. 0.52 as a fraction in simplest form is:

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52 26 13 26 13
a. b. c. d. e.
100 50 25 100 50
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d. 0.716 as a fraction in simplest form is:

716 368 716 179 358
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a. b. c. d. e.
10 000 500 1000 250 1000

e. 5.325 as a fraction in simplest form is:

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5325 325 325 65 13

a. b. c. 5 d. 5 e. 5
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1000 1000 1000 200 40

4. WE8, 9 Change the following fractions to decimals.
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a. 34 b. 12 c. 45 1
d. 20 3
e. 15
3
f. 12 g. 38 1
h. 50 8
i. 25

Understanding
5. Write 18 as a decimal. Using this value, find:
a. 38 as a decimal b. 78 as a decimal 1
c. 16 as a decimal.

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 Reasoning
6. Consider these fractions:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
, , , , , , ,
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Without performing any division, you can see that 12, 14, 15 and 18 will produce terminating decimals,
while 13, 16, 17 and 19 will produce repeating decimals.
Explain how this can be seen, and write a general statement to determine whether a fraction will produce
a terminating or repeating decimal.

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Problem solving

7. The decimal equivalents of 17, 27, 37 … 67 can be found in the sequence 142857142857142857…
. . . .

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If  17 = 0.142857 and 27 = 0.285714, without using a calculator, write 37, 47, 57 and 67 as decimals.
8. You are competing in a long jump contest. Your first jump was 3.78 m, your second jump was 3 89 m

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and your third jump is 3 45 m. You are congratulated on your third jump, as being your best. Do you

PR
agree? Explain.
9. In a survey, 24 people were asked: ‘What is the maximum distance you would walk to a train station?’
A person who says ‘800 m’ will walk up to 800 m, but no more. The survey responses are:
1 3
100 m 200 m 250 m 1 km km km

E
2 4
600 m 500 m 450 m 100 m 1.2 km 800 m

G
1.5 km 1.4 km 200 m 300 m 1.2 km 350 m
900 m 750 m 300 m 650 m 320 m 100 m.
What is the longest distance (as a multiple of 100 m) that at least 34 of the people would walk to the
PA
train station?
Reflection
If you need to choose between a fraction and a decimal, when is a fraction a better choice and when
D

is a decimal a better choice?

TE

6.4 Rounding and repeating decimals

EC

6.4.1 Rounding
•• Rounding means to give your answer correct to a certain number of decimal places.
•• When rounding decimals, look at the first digit after the number of decimal places required.
R

•• If this digit is less than 5, write the number without any change.
R

•• If this digit is 5 or more, add one to the digit in the last decimal place.
O

WORKED EXAMPLE 10
C

Round the following to 2 decimal places.

N

a 3.641 883 b 18.965 402 0

THINK WRITE
U

a 1 Write the number and underline the required decimal place. a 3.641 883
  2 Circle the next digit and round according to the rule.   = 3.64 1 883
Note: Since the circled digit is less than 5, we leave ≈ 3.64
the number as it is.

TOPIC 6 Decimals  215

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 b 1 Write the number and underline the required decimal place. b 18.965 402 0
  2 Circle the next digit and round according to the rule.   = 18.96 5 402 0
Note: Since the circled digit is greater than or equal to ≈ 18.97
5, add 1 to the last decimal place that is being kept.

•• If you need to add 1 to the last decimal place and the digit in this position is a 9, the result is 10.
The 0 is put in the last required place and the 1 is added to the digit in the next place to the left.

FS
•• 0.298 rounded to 2 decimal places is 0.30.

WORKED EXAMPLE 11

O
Round the following to the number of decimal places shown in the brackets.

O
a 27.462 973 (4) b 0.009 94 (3)
THINK WRITE

PR
a 1 Write the number and underline the required decimal place. a 27.462 973
  2 Circle the next digit and round according to the rule.   = 27.462 9 7 3
Note: Since the circled digit is greater than 5, add 1 to the last d­ ecimal ≈ 27.4630

E
place that is being kept. As 1 is being added to 9, write 0 in the last
place and add 1 to the previous digit.
b Repeat steps 1 and 2 of part a.
G b 0.009 94
PA
= 0.009 9 4
≈ 0.010
D

WORKED EXAMPLE 12
TE

Round 8.672 to the nearest unit.

THINK WRITE
1 Write the decimal and think of the number with the whole 8.672
EC

number part only.
2 Look at the first digit after the decimal point and, if it is greater ≈9
than or equal to 5, add 1 to the whole number.
R

•• When trying to answer Worked example 12, you can think of the question as: ‘Is 8.672 closer
R

to 8 or 9?’
O

WORKED EXAMPLE 13
C

Melinda had $51.67 in her bank account. She wanted to withdraw all her money so the bank
N

rounded the amount to the nearest 5 cents. How much money did the teller give to Melinda?
THINK WRITE
U

1 Write the actual amount she had in her account. $51.67

2 Determine whether the last digit is closer to 5 or closer to 10, ≈ $51.65
then rewrite the approximate value. Note: Alternatively it
can be seen that 67 cents is closer to 65 cents than 70 cents.
3 Write a sentence. Melinda will receive $51.65
from the bank.

216  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 6.4.2 Repeating decimals
•• When a decimal number ends (terminates) after any number of decimal places, it is said to be a finite
decimal. The decimal 0.124 is an example of a finite decimal.
•• Sometimes when we divide the denominator into the numerator, the answer keeps repeating and the
amount left over each time keeps repeating too. When this happens, the answer is called a recurring
decimal or a repeating decimal.

FS
WORKED EXAMPLE 14
1
Convert 11 to a decimal. Continue dividing until a pattern emerges, then round the answer to

O
2 decimal places.
THINK WRITE

O
1 Set out the question as for division of whole numbers, adding a 0. 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 ...
11⟌1.10100101001010010100

PR
decimal point and enough zeros to see a pattern emerging.
2 Divide, writing the answer with the decimal point exactly in  
line with the decimal point in the question. (The amount left
over each time is 10 then 1 then 10 then 1 again. The decimal

E
answer is also repeating.)

G
1
3 Write the approximate answer rounded to 2 decimal places. 11
≈ 0.09
PA
•• Recurring decimals can be written in one of the following shorter ways for an exact answer.
.
–– 4.6666 … could be written as 4.6 (with a dot above the repeating part of the decimal).
D

. .
–– 3.512 512 … could be written as 3.512 (with a dot above the first and last digits of the
TE

repeating part).
–– 6.121 212 … could be written as 6.12 (with a line above the repeating part of the decimal).
–– Like finite decimals, the decimal equivalent of a fraction can be used to determine the decimal
EC

equivalent of any multiple of that fraction.

R

WORKED EXAMPLE 15
R

6
Use the result from Worked example 14 to find the decimal equivalent for 11 .
O

THINK WRITE
1
= 0.090 909…
C

1 Write the decimal equivalent for the fraction with 1 as the 11

numerator. In this case it is an infinite recurring decimal
N

­therefore 0.090 909 … can be written as 0.09.

1
U

2 Multiply both sides of this equation by the appropriate 11

× 6 = 0.090 909 … × 6
­multiple (6 in this case). = 0.545 454 …
6
3 Simplify and write the answer. 11
= 0.54

TOPIC 6 Decimals  217

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 RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY

  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Rounding to the nearest whole number
Searchlight ID: doc-6460

Exercise 6.4 Rounding and repeating decimals

FS
Individual pathways

UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER

O
Questions: Questions: Questions:
1–14, 16, 20 1–10, 11, 12, 13 columns 1 and 1–3 column 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

O
2, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21 column 3, 8–22

PR
    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4339 ONLINE ONLY

To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.

E
Fluency
1. WE10 Round the following to 2 decimal places.
a. 0.3241 b. 0.863
G c. 1.246 10
PA
d. 13.049 92 e. 7.128 63 f. 100.813 82
g. 71.260 39 h. 0.0092 i. 0.185 00
j. 19.6979 k. 0.3957 l. 0.999
2. Round the following to 1 decimal place.
D

a. 0.410 b. 0.87 c. 9.27

d. 25.25 e. 300.06 f. 12.82
TE

g. 99.91 h. 8.88 i. 17.610 27

j. 0.8989 k. 93.994 l. 0.959 027
3. WE11 Round the following to the number of decimal places shown in the brackets.
EC

a. 2.386 214 (2) b. 14.034 59 (1) c. 0.027 135 (2)

d. 0.876 4903 (4) e. 64.295 18 (4) f. 0.382 04 (3)
g. 96.28 049 (1) h. 3.0409 (2) i. 8.902 (2)
R

j. 47.879 69 (3) k. 0.099 498 632 (2) l. 0.486 2590 (2)

R

4. MC a.  13.179 rounded to 2 decimal places is equal to:

a. 13.17 b. 13.20 c. 13.18 d. 13.27 e. 13.19
O

b. 0.2465 rounded to 1 decimal place is equal to:

C

a. 0.3 b. 0.25 c. 1.2 d. 0.2 e. 0.5

c. 1.7688 rounded to 3 decimal places is equal to:
N

a. 1.768 b. 1.770 c. 1.778 d. 1.769 e. 1.800

U

d. 2.998 rounded to 1 decimal place is equal to:

a. 3.0 b. 2.9 c. 2.8 d. 3.1 e. 3.9
5. WE12 Round the following to the nearest unit.
a. 10.7 b. 8.2 c. 3.6 d. 92.7
e. 112.1 f. 21.76 g. 42.0379 h. 2137.50
i. 0.12 j. 0.513 k. 0.99 l. 40.987

218  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 6. Write the following infinite recurring decimals using one of the short forms.
a. 2.555 … b. 0.666 … c. 12.888 88 …
d. 49.111 11 … e. 0.262 626 … f. 0.414 141 …
g. 0.913 913 … h. 8.641 864 18 … i. 0.040 121 21 …
j. 133.946 2462 … k. 1.833 333 … l. 0.127 7777 …
7. Convert each of the following to a decimal. Continue dividing until a pattern emerges, then round the
answer to the number of decimal places indicated in the brackets.
a. 16 (2) b. 13 (1) c. 19 (1)

FS
2 2
d. 15 (2) e. 11 (2) f. 49 (1)
5
g. 12 (3) h. 17 (6) 7
i. 15 (2)

O
3
8. MC a. 
5
as a decimal is:

O
a. 0.3 b. 0.6 c. 0.2 d. 0.9 e. 0.5
b. 1.8888 … written as an exact answer is:
.

PR
a. 1.8 b. 1.888 c. 1.88 d. 1.9 e. 1.889
c. 12.412 412 … written as an exact answer is:
. . .
a. 12.412 b. 12.412 c. 12.412 412 d. 12.412 e. 12.412

E
d. 37
as a decimal in exact form is:
. . .
a. 0.428571 b. 0.428 c. 0.4 d. 0.428 517 4 e. 2.3

G
9. Find decimal equivalents for the following fractions. Give your answer in exact form as either a finite
PA
decimal or an infinite recurring decimal.
a. 12 b. 13 c. 14 d. 15 e. 19
10. Using the answers from question 9, find decimal equivalents for the following fractions.
D

a. 72 b. 4 23 c. 34 d. 3 45 e. 79
TE

Understanding
11. Round the following to the nearest ten.
a. 13 b. 76 c. 47 d. 138
EC

e. 262 f. 175 g. 306.2 h. 1484

i. 10 024 j. 209 718.5 k. 18.6 l. 5.92
12. Round the following to the nearest hundred.
R

a. 320 b. 190 c. 894 d. 138

e. 125 f. 6751 g. 875.2 h. 9750.051
R

i. 1724 j. 1 462 836.5 k. 71 l. 47

13. Round the following to the nearest thousand.
O

a. 3426 b. 5890 c. 12 300 d. 18 640

C

e. 28 000 f. 9462 g. 1098 h. 496 830

i. 12 780 j. 862 k. 129 980 l. 49 899
N

14. WE13 In the supermarket Christine’s shopping bill came to $27.68. As there are no 1 - or 2 -cent
pieces, this amount must be rounded to the nearest 5 cents. How much will Christine pay for her
U

shopping?
15. Using a calculator, Greg worked out that the piece of timber required to finish making a support
for a gate should be 3.567 82 metres. Realistically, the timber can be measured only to the nearest
millimetre (nearest thousandth of a metre). What measurement should be used for the length of the
timber? Explain why 3.567 82 m is unreasonable as a measurement for timber.

TOPIC 6 Decimals  219

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 16. Rank the following decimals from smallest to largest:
. .. ...
0.295, 0.295, 02.95, 0.295
. .
17. Find a decimal that is greater than 0.54321 and less than
0.54322.
18. Barney rounds a decimal to 0.6 correct to 1 decimal place.
Fred then says that the number before being rounded off could
not have been bigger than 0.64. Is Fred correct? Explain your
answer.

FS
Reasoning
19. The maximum temperature was recorded as 24.7 °C. In the news broadcast, the presenter quoted this
to the nearest degree. What temperature was quoted?

O
20. a.  Round the decimal number 0.8375 to the nearest:
i. tenth ii. hundredth iii. thousandth.

O
b. Do the rules for rounding a decimal up or down depend on the number of decimal places?

PR
Problem solving
21. a.  Calculate the decimal values, correct to 6 decimal places, of the following fractions.
1 7 13 19 25
, , , ,
6 6 6 6 6

E
b. State any similarities between the five answers.
c. State any differences between the five answers.

G
31 37 43
d. Without using a calculator, state the decimal values of , , correct to 3 decimal places. Explain
6 6 6
PA
the reasoning for your answer.
22. Divide 100 by the first 10 prime numbers. Write the answers correct to 4 decimal places.

Reflection
.
D

Which number is bigger, 0.3 or 0.3? How do you know this?

TE

6.5 Adding and subtracting decimals

EC

6.5.1 Adding decimals

•• Decimals can be added using a method similar to that for whole numbers.
•• Set out the addition in vertical columns and line up the decimal points so that the digits with the same
R

place value are underneath each other.

•• If the question is not written in columns, it is necessary to rewrite it with the decimal points lined up.
R

•• Fill the empty places with zeros.

O

6.5.2 Checking by estimating

C

•• Answers to decimal addition and subtraction can be checked by estimating. Round each decimal to the
nearest whole number or to a similar number of decimal places and then add or subtract them.
N
U

WORKED EXAMPLE 16

Calculate:
a 1.3 b 12.84 c 1.25
+ 0.5 + 2.33 3.146
+ 7.0

220  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 THINK WRITE
a Copy the question exactly and add the digits as for whole numbers, a 1.3
working from right to left. Write the decimal point directly below the +0.5
decimal points in the question. 1.8
b Copy the question exactly and add the digits as for whole numbers, b 12.84
working from right to left. Write the decimal point directly below the + 2.33
decimal points in the question. 15.17
c 1 Write the question, replacing the spaces with zeros. c 1.250

FS
  2 Add the digits as for whole numbers, working from right to left.   3.146
Write the decimal point directly below the decimal points in the +7.000
11.396

O
question.

O
PR
WORKED EXAMPLE 17

Rewrite in columns, then add 0.26 + 1.8 + 12.214.

E
THINK WRITE
1 Write the question in columns with the decimal points directly 0.260

G
beneath each other with the zeros included. 1.800
2 Add the digits as for whole numbers. Write the decimal point +12.214
PA
directly below the decimal points in the question. 14.274
3 Check the answer by rounding to get an estimate and then adding
0.3 + 2 + 12 = 14.3, which is close to 14.274.
D
TE

6.5.3 Subtracting decimals

•• Decimals can be subtracted using a method similar to that for whole numbers.
EC

•• Set out the subtraction in vertical columns and line up the decimal points so that the digits with the
same place value are underneath each other.
•• If the question is not written in columns, it is necessary to rewrite it with the decimal points lined up.
R

•• Fill the empty places with zeros.

R

WORKED EXAMPLE 18
O

0.56
C

Calculate:
−0.14
N

THINK WRITE
1 Copy the question exactly and subtract the digits as for whole
U

0.56
numbers, working from right to left. Write the decimal point −0.14
directly below the decimal points in the question. 0.42
2 Check the answer by rounding to get an estimate;
0.6 − 0.1 = 0.5, which is close to 0.42. (This step can be done
in your head.)

TOPIC 6 Decimals  221

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 WORKED EXAMPLE 19

Rewrite the following in columns, then subtract.

a 1.82 − 0.57 b 2.641 − 0.85
THINK WRITE
a 1 Write in columns with the decimal points directly under each a 7
1
1.8 2
other. Subtract, and insert the decimal point directly below
−0.5 7
the other decimal points in the question.

FS
1.2 5
  2 Check the answer by rounding to get an estimate; 2 − 1 = 1,    
which is close to 1.25.

O
b 1 Write in columns with the decimal points directly under each b 5
1
other, adding zeros as appropriate. Subtract as for whole 2.6 41
−0.8 50

O
numbers and insert the decimal point directly below the other
1.7 91
decimal points.

PR
  2 Check the answer by rounding to get an estimate; 3 − 1 = 2,    
which is close to 1.791.

E
G
RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY
PA
  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Adding decimals (same number of decimal places)
Searchlight ID: doc-6461
  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Adding decimals (different number of decimal places)
Searchlight ID: doc-6462
D

  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Subtracting decimals (same number of decimal places)
Searchlight ID: doc-6463
TE

  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Subtracting decimals (different number of decimal places)
Searchlight ID: doc-6464
  Try out this interactivity: Decimal target shoot plus worksheet
EC

Searchlight ID: int-0003

  Complete this digital doc: Worksheet 6.1
Searchlight ID: doc-1769
R
R

Exercise 6.5 Adding and subtracting decimals

O

Individual pathways
C

UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER

N

Questions: Questions: Questions:

1–8, 10, 17, 20, 21 2c, d, 3b, c, e, f, h, i, 4b, d, f, h, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 7c, f, i, l, o, 8–19, 21–23
U

7, 8, 9, 12, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23

    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4340 ONLINE ONLY

To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.

222  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

c06Decimals.indd  Page 222 31/05/17 1:57 AM

 Fluency
1. WE16a, b Calculate the following.

a. 1.2 b. 1.67 c. 8.062 d. 10.0364

+2.3 +1.02 +5.177 +92.1494

2. WE16c Calculate the following, after filling the blank spaces.

48.12906

FS
a. 6.27 b. 3.26 c. 4.2 d.
+0.5 +18.6460 62.013 9

+1946.12 +204.32

O
3. WE17 Rewrite the following in columns, then add. Check your answer by rounding to get an estimate.

O
a. 1.4 + 3.2 b. 6.5 + 0.4 c. 0.22 + 1.37
d. 3.261 + 0.21 e. 15.987 + 1.293 f. 8.027 + 0.9415

PR
g. 10.8271 + 6.5 h. 1.8 + 18.6329 i. 26.29 + 1030.4963
4. Rewrite the following sums, then add. Check your answer by rounding to get an estimate.
a. 0.24 + 3.16 + 8.29 b. 14.23 + 1.06 + 86.29 + 3.64

E
c. 40.271 + 0.36 + 1.4 d. 5.27 + 1.381 + 12.3
e. 100 + 4.3 + 0.298 + 1.36 f. 82.3 + 100.6 + 0.9949 + 9
g. 3.026 + 5.9938 + 8.7718 + 3.2

G h. 126 + 372.8 + 100.0264 + 2020.13

PA
5. MC a.  1.6 + 4.8 equals:
a. 5.4 b. 6.4 c. 0.54 d. 0.64 e. 64
b. 3.26 + 0.458 equals:
a. 3.718 b. 0.784 c. 0.037 18 d. 3.484 e. 7.84
D

c. 1.84 + 0.61 + 4.07 equals:

a. 6.52 b. 6.42 c. 5.42 d. 5.52 e. 0.652
TE

d. 216 + 1.38 + 0.002 64 equals:

a. 217.4064 b. 0.618 c. 217.644 d. 217.382 64 e. 21.7644
6. WE18 Calculate the following, filling the spaces with zeros as required. Check your answer by
EC

rounding to get an estimate.

a. 6.87 b. 12.231 c. 0.6301 d. 3.0091
−6.27 − 8.026 −0.5495 −1.6723
R
R

e. 31.02 f. 98.26 g. 146 h. 3.2

O

−26 −9.07 − 58.91 −0.467

C

7. WE19 Rewrite the following in columns, then subtract. Check your answer by rounding to get an
estimate.
N

a. 5.64 − 2.3 b. 12.07 − 6.14 c. 13.869 − 10.02

U

d. 0.687 − 0.36 e. 15.226 − 11.08 f. 42.83 − 15

g. 6.734 − 4.8 h. 12.2 − 8.911 i. 13.9009 − 12.65
j. 100.562 − 86.0294 k. 38 − 21.234 l. 47 − 8.762
m. 5 − 0.8864 n. 0.2 − 0.0049 o. 3.279 − 2.506 84

TOPIC 6 Decimals  223

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 8. MC a. 0.39 − 0.15 equals:
a. 0.0024 b. 0.024 c. 0.24 d. 2.4 e. 24
b. 1.4 − 0.147 would be rewritten as:
1.4 −1.400 1.40 1.004 1.040
a. −0.417 b. −0.147 c. −1.47 d. −0.147 e. −0.147

c. 0.3 − 0.024 equals:

a. 0.06 b. 0.276 c. 0.7 d. 0.76 e. 76

FS
d. 150.278 − 0.99 equals:
a. 150.728 b. 149.288 c. 1.492 88 d. 159.388 e. 1.593 88
Understanding

O
9. Josh deposited $27.60 into his bank account. If his balance before the deposit was $139.40, what is

O
Josh’s new bank balance?
10. Jessica bought the following items at the school canteen: 1 can of Coke for $1.60, 1 sausage roll for

PR
$1.20, 1 packet of chips for $1.50 and 2 Redskins for $0.40 (Redskins cost 20 cents each). How much
did Jessica spend?
11. A triathlon consists of a 0.5 -kilometre swim, a 15.35 -kilometre ride and a 4.2 -kilometre run. How far
do the competitors have to travel altogether?

E
G
PA
D
TE
EC
R

12. Amy walked 3.6 kilometres to school, 0.8 kilometres from school to the shops, 1.2 kilometres from
R

the shops to a friend’s house and finally 2.5 kilometres from her friend’s house to her home. How far
O

did Amy walk?

13. For lunch Paula ordered 1 potato cake, 1 dim sim, the minimum of chips and a milkshake from the
C

menu shown below. How much did Paula spend on her lunch?
N

MENU
U

Flake $3.50 Coffee $2.20

Whiting $3.50 Tea $2.20
Dim sims $0.60 Soft drinks $1.80
Potato cakes $0.50 Milkshakes $3.00
Minimum chips $2.50 Water $1.80

224  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 14. Ryan works in a newsagency.
A customer buys $9.65 worth of
goods and gives Ryan a $20 note.
How much change should Ryan
give the customer?
15. A jockey has a mass of
52.3 kilograms. After exercising
and training for 2 days and

FS
spending time in a sauna, the
jockey has lost 1.82 kilograms.
What is the jockey’s mass now?

O
16. If 1.27 metres is cut from a piece
of material that is 13 metres long,

O
how much material is left?

PR
Reasoning
17. Cathy Freeman won a particular
400 metre race in 51.35 seconds.
In her next race, her time was

E
2.97 seconds faster than this. What

G
was Cathy’s time for this race?
18. Gary and Liz are replacing the
PA
skirting boards in their lounge
room. They know the perimeter of
the room is 34.28 metres. If there
is a door 0.82 metres wide and a
D

fireplace 2.18 metres wide that do

TE

not require skirting boards, how

much wood will they need to buy
for their lounge room?
EC

19. The following table shows the times recorded for each swimmer in the under-13, 50 -metre freestyle
relay for 6 teams.
R

  Times for each swimmer (seconds)

Team Swimmer 1 Swimmer 2 Swimmer 3 Swimmer 4
R

1 36.7 41.3 39.2 35.8

O

2 38.1 46.5 38.8 35.9

C

3 34.6 39.2 39.9 35.2

4 41.6 40.8 43.7 40.5
N

5 37.9 40.2 38.6 39.2

U

6 38.3 39.1 40.8 37.6

a. Find the total time for each team. Put your results in a table.
b. Which team won the relay?
c. What was the difference in time between the first and second placed teams?

TOPIC 6 Decimals  225

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 Problem solving
20. Australian coins, which are minted by the Royal Australian
Mint, have the following masses:
5c 2.83 g 10c 5.65 g 20c 11.3 g
50c 15.55 g $1 9.0 g $2 6.6 g
I have 6 coins in my pocket, with a total value of $2.45.
What could the total mass of these coins be?

FS
21. Jo and Anton made a certain number of telephone calls over
a 2-month period. There is a charge of 25 cents for each
call, and the monthly rental of the phone line is $13.60. The

O
bill for the 2 months comes to $39.45. How many calls did
they make in the 2-month period?

O
22. You purchased some shares over a 4 -month period. The price fell by $4.23 in the first month, rose by
$6.67 in the second month, rose by $1.35 in the third month and fell by $3.28 in the fourth month.

PR
Did the shares increase or decrease in value over the four months, and by how much?
23. Without using a calculator, find the average of the numbers 0.1, 0.11 and 0.111.
Reflection

E
How is rounding used in estimation?

CHALLENGE 6.1
G
PA
Arrange the digits 1 to 9 into the boxes on the right to
make a true decimal addition.
D
TE
EC

6.6 Multiplying decimals (including by

R

multiples of 10)
R

6.6.1 Multiplying decimals

O

•• The calculation at right shows the multiplication 1.7 × 2.3. The diagram below at right is a visual
C

­representation of each step in the calculation. There are 1.7 rows of 2.3, or 1.7 groups of 2.3.
N
U

1.7
× 2.3
51 ⟵ 0.3 × 1.7 = 0.51
3 40 ⟵ 2.0 × 1.7 = 3.40
3.91 ⟵ Total

226  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

c06Decimals.indd  Page 226 31/05/17 1:57 AM

 •• The smallest place value in the answer is determined by multiplying
the smallest place values from each of the decimal numbers. The
3 7 21 2
first multiplication is 10 × 10 = 100 , so the smallest place value in the
answer will be hundredths.
•• A quicker method of determining the number of decimal places in
the answer is to count the total number of decimal places in the 1
question.

FS
1 2

O
WORKED EXAMPLE 20

O
Calculate the following:

PR
a 12.6 × 7 b 3.26 c 0.4629
×0.4 ×2.6

E
THINK WRITE

G
a 1 Rewrite and multiply digits as for whole numbers, a 12.6
­ignoring the decimal point. Count the number of decimal ×7
PA
places ­altogether (1) and put in the decimal point. 88.2
  2 Check the answer by rounding; 10 × 7 = 70, which is    
close to 88.2.
D

b 1 Multiply, ignoring the decimal places. b 326

× 4
TE

1304
  2 Count the number of digits after the point in both the   3.26 × 0.4 = 1.304
­decimals being multiplied and insert the decimal point
EC

in the answer. There are 2 decimal places in 3.26 and 1

in 0.4 so there will be 3 decimal places in the answer.
R

  3 Check the answer by rounding;    

3 × 0.4 = 1.2, which is close to 1.304.
R

c 1 Multiply, ignoring the decimal places. c 4629

O

× 26
27 774
C

92 580
120 354
N

  2 Count the number of digits after the point in both the   0.4629 × 2.6 = 1.203 54
­decimals being multiplied. Insert the decimal point in
U

that position in the answer.There are 4 decimal places

in 0.4629 and 1 decimal place in 2.6, so there will be
5 ­decimal places in the answer.

TOPIC 6 Decimals  227

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 6.6.2 Squaring decimals
•• To square a decimal, multiple the number by itself. The number of decimal places in the square is
twice the number of decimal places in the original number.
•• The diagrams below shows how squaring decimal numbers can be represented visually.

Area = 2.25
1.5 Area = 1.44
1.2 Area = 0.56

0.75 Area = 0.25

FS
0.5

1.5 1.2 0.75 0.5

2 2 2 2
1.5 = 2.25

O
1.2 = 1.44 0.75 = 0.5625 0.5 = 0.25

O
WORKED EXAMPLE 21

PR
Calculate the following.
2 2
a 0.5 b 1.2

THINK WRITE

E
a 1 Multiply the number by itself, ignoring the decimal places. a 5 × 5 = 25

G
  2 Count the number of digits after the point in both the decimals   0.5 × 0.5 = 0.25
being multiplied and insert the decimal point in the answer.
PA
There will be 2 decimal places in the answer.
2
  3 Write the answer.   0.5 = 0.25

b 12 × 12 = 144
D

b 1 Multiply the number by itself, ignoring the decimal places.

  2 Count the number of digits after the point in both the decimals   1.2 × 1.2 = 1.44
TE

being multiplied and insert the decimal point in the answer.

There will be 2 decimal places in the answer.
EC

2
  3 Write the answer.   1.2 = 1.44

6.6.3 Finding square roots of decimals

R

•• To find the square root of a decimal, ignore the decimal and find the square root of the number. The
R

number of decimal places in the answer will be half the number of decimal places in the number
whose square root you are trying to find.
O
C

WORKED EXAMPLE 22
N

Calculate the following.

U

a √0.81 b √0.0121

THINK WRITE
a 1 Take the number under the square root symbol, ignoring the a √81 = 9
­decimal places. Find the square root of this number.

228  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

c06Decimals.indd  Page 228 31/05/17 1:57 AM

   2 Count the number of decimal places in the original ­number   √0.81 = 0.9
(2 in this case). The number which needs to be squared to
form this decimal will have half the number of ­decimal
places. So, the final answer will have 1 decimal place.
Write the answer.
  3 Check the result using a calculator or by squaring the answer.    
2
(0.9 = 0.81)

FS
b 1 Take the number under the square root symbol, ignoring the b √121 = 11
­decimal places. Find the square root of this number.
  2 Count the number of decimal places in the original ­number   √0.0121 = 0.11

O
(4 in this case). The number, which needs to be squared to

O
form this decimal, will have half this number of ­decimal
places. So, the final answer will have 2 decimal places.

PR
Write the answer.
  3 Check the result using a calculator or by squaring the answer.    
2
(0.11 = 0.0121)

E
G
6.6.4 Multiplying by multiples of 10
PA
•• The multiples of 10 are 10, 20, 30, 40, … 120, … 1000, …
•• When you are multiplying a number by a multiple of 10, factorise the multiple to give a power of 10
and the other factor. Multiply the number by the other factor first, and then by the power of 10. For
example, if you are multiplying a number by 1200, first write 1200 = 12 × 100, multiply by 12 then
D

by 100.
TE

WORKED EXAMPLE 23

Calculate:
EC

a 5.1 × 600 b 0.0364 × 24 000.

THINK WRITE
R

a 1 Multiplying by 600 is the same as first a 5.1

multiplying by 6 then multiplying by 100. Calculate 5.1 × 6. × 6
R

30.6
O

  2 Multiply the result by 100. Move the position of the ­decimal   30.6 × 100 = 3060
point 2 places to the right.
C

  3 Write the final answer.   5.6 × 600 = 3060

N

b 1 Multiplying by 24 000 is the same as first multiplying by 24 b 0.0364

× 24
U

then multiplying by 1000. Calculate 0.0364 × 24.

1456
7280
0.8736
  2 Multiply the result by 1000. Move the position of the decimal   0.8736 × 1000 = 873.6
point 3 places to the right.
  3 Write the answer.   0.0364 × 24 000 = 873.6

TOPIC 6 Decimals  229

c06Decimals.indd  Page 229 31/05/17 1:57 AM

  RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY

  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Multiplying decimals by a single-digit number

Searchlight ID: doc-6465
  Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Multiplying decimals by 10, 100, 1000
Searchlight ID: doc-6466

FS
Exercise 6.6 Multiplying decimals (including by
multiples of 10)

O
Individual pathways

O
UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER
Questions: Questions: Questions:

PR
1–8, 9, 11, 15, 17 1, 2, 3, 4 (columns 2 and 3), 5, 6, 7 1–4 (column 3), 5, 6, 7b, d, h, i, l,
column 2, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17 8–18

    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4341 ONLINE ONLY

E
To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,

G
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.
Fluency
PA
1. Calculate the following.
a. 3.5 × 4 b. 15.7 × 8 c. 16.3 × 9
d. 10.2 × 6 e. 22.34 × 5 f. 47.63 × 9
D

g. 27.18 × 7 h. 64.87 × 8 i. 3.724 × 7

j. 1.064 × 6 k. 0.264 81 × 3 l. 14.192 683 × 8
TE

2. WE20a Calculate the following.

a. 1.4 × 0.6 b. 4.2 × 0.7 c. 0.8 × 0.4
d. 9.7 × 0.8 e. 0.35 × 0.4 f. 0.64 × 0.3
EC

g. 0.77 × 0.5 h. 0.49 × 0.9 i. 1.63 × 0.2

j. 5.38 × 0.8 k. 0.347 × 0.6 l. 0.498 × 0.7
m. 4.832 × 0.6 n. 12.2641 × 0.4 o. 20.032 79 × 0.5
R

3. Calculate the following.

a. 0.002 × 0.05 b. 0.003 × 0.004 c. 0.7 × 0.09
R

d. 0.037 × 0.006 e. 0.000 061 × 0.04 f. 0.004 × 0.09

O

g. 0.56 × 0.7 h. 0.030 31 × 0.02 i. 0.0006 × 0.007

4. WE20b Calculate the following. (You may use a calculator for parts g to o.)
C

a. 0.25 × 1.2 b. 0.37 × 2.3 c. 0.47 × 5.4

d. 0.79 × 8.3 e. 4.68 × 3.6 f. 8.04 × 7.5
N

g. 11.64 × 4.8 h. 15.08 × 1.9 i. 35.17 × 0.35

U

j. 67.73 × 0.28 k. 90.65 × 0.88 l. 46.96 × 0.76

m. 13.56 × 0.31 n. 3.694 × 0.46 o. 12.41 × 1.2
5. MC a.  When calculating 8.32 × 0.64, the number of decimal places in the answer is:
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4
b. 0.2 × 0.2 equals:
a. 0.004 b. 0.04 c. 0.4 d. 4 e. 40

230  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 c. 1.4 × 0.8 equals:
a. 1.12 b. 8.2 c. 82 d. 11.2 e. 112
d. 0.0321 × 0.51 equals:
a. 0.001 5912 b. 0.015 912 c. 0.156 312 d. 0.159 12 e. 1.5912
6. WE21, 22 Calculate the following.
2 2 2
a. 0.02 b. 1.3 c. 2.05
d. √0.09 e. √0.16 f. √0.0049
7. Calculate the following by moving the position of the decimal point.
a. 6.48 × 10 b. 13.896 × 100

FS
c. 589.0643 × 100 d. 0.2708 × 1000
e. 217.148 96 × 1000 f. 8.426 19 × 100 000

O
g. 0.820 496 783 × 100 000 h. 32.689 043 267 × 100 000
i. 0.984 326 641 × 1 000 000 j. 59.027 683 017 × 1 000 000

O
k. 0.000 278 498 32 × 1 000 000 l. 0.46 × 1000
m. 529 × 10 000 n. 39.486 × 1 000 000

PR
8. WE23 Calculate the following.
a. 3.64 × 300 b. 7.58 × 600 c. 26.9 × 500 d. 42.6 × 900
e. 0.127 × 8000 f. 0.543 × 11 000 g. 4.6 × 32 000 h. 8.1 × 54 000

E
Understanding
9. Change the following amounts of money to cents.

G
(Hint: There are 100 cents in one dollar.)
a. $35 b. $127 c. $11
PA
d. $25.35 e. $58.20 f. $110.15
10. One thousand Year 7 students contributed 75 cents each to the bushfire appeal. How many dollars did
they contribute altogether?
D

11. Benjamin and Robyn were providing ice-cream for 600 children. How much ice-cream would be
needed if each child was expected to eat 0.18 litres?
TE
EC
R
R
O

10.97 m
C

12. Find the area of the tennis court shown given that
area = length × width.
N

23.77 m
U

Reasoning
13. Michael bought 0.65 kilograms of cubed steak at a butcher’s shop. This meat costs $8.50 a kilogram.
How much did Michael pay for the steak?
Note: Round to the nearest 5c.
14. Judy bought 34.5 litres of petrol at 92.9 cents per litre. How much did she pay for her petrol:
a. in cents
b. in dollars?

TOPIC 6 Decimals  231

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 15. James is using the recipe for chocolate chip muffins
to make 1.5 times the given amount. If the recipe lists
0.25 litres of milk in the ingredients, how much milk should
James use for his muffins?
16. A ball is dropped from a height of 1 metre. If it reaches
0.7 times the height of the previous bounce at each bounce,
work out how many times the ball bounces until the height
is less than 1 centimetre.

FS
Problem solving
17. Sophie, Hamish and Thomas shared a pizza and paid according to what they ate. Sophie ate 4 slices,
Hamish ate 3 slices and Thomas ate 5 slices. If Thomas’s share of the bill was $4.50, calculate the

O
amount Sophie and Hamish had to pay.
18. A sheet of paper is 0.012 cm thick. Would you notice the difference in the height between a stack of

O
500 sheets and a stack of 550 sheets?

PR
Reflection
What strategy could you use to demonstrate that 0.5 × 0.5 = 0.25?

6.7 Dividing decimals (including by multiples of 10)

E
G
6.7.1 Dividing a decimal by a whole number
•• The method for dividing a decimal number by a whole number is the same as the method used for
PA
dividing whole numbers.
•• A visual representation of 2.4896 ÷ 4 is shown below.
D

2.4896

4
TE

2.4896 ÷ 4 can be interpreted as ‘how many times does 4 divide into 2.4896?’ As shown, 4 divides
EC

into 2.4896 less than once.

WORKED EXAMPLE 24
R

Find the value of 2.4896 ÷ 4.

R

THINK WRITE
O

1 Set out the question as you would for whole numbers. 4⟌2.4896
2 Divide 4 into the first digit of 2.4896 (2 ÷ 4 = 0 remainder 2). 0
C

Write the 0 above the 2, and write the remainder beside the next 4⟌2.24896
digit, as shown in black.
N

3 The second digit in the number being divided is to the right 0.

U

of the ­decimal point, so write the decimal point in the answer ⟌

4 2.24896
directly above the decimal point in the question, as shown in red.
4 Divide 4 into the second digit, which includes the carried 2 0. 6
(24 ÷ 4 = 6 remainder 0). Write the 6 above the 4, as shown ⟌
4 2.24896
in green.
5 Divide 4 into the third digit (8 ÷ 4 = 2). Write the 2 above 0. 62
the 8, as shown in pink. 4⟌2.24896

232  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 6 Divide 4 into the fourth digit (9 ÷ 4 = 2 remainder 1). 0. 622
Write the 2 above the 9, and write the remainder beside 4⟌2.248916
the next digit, as shown in purple.
7 Divide 4 into the fifth digit, which includes the carried 0. 622 4
1 (16 ÷ 4 = 4). Write the 4 above the 6, as shown in orange. 4⟌2.248916
8 Write the answer. 2.4896 ÷ 4 = 0.6224

FS
•• Sometimes, when you are dividing numbers, you will find that there is a remainder.
For example 15.3 ÷ 4:
3.8
remainder 1
4⟌15.3

O
Instead of leaving a remainder, you can sometimes add zeros to the end of the decimal and keep

O
­dividing until there is no remainder.
3.825

PR
4⟌15.300

WORKED EXAMPLE 25

E
Calculate 21.76 ÷ 5. Add zeros and keep dividing until there is no remainder.

G
THINK WRITE
1 Set up the division. Write the decimal point in the answer 4. 3 5 2
PA
directly above the decimal point in the question and divide as 5⟌21.172610
for short division adding zeros as required.
2 Check the answer by rounding; 20 ÷ 5 = 4 which is close  
D

to 4.352.
TE

6.7.2 Dividing a decimal number by a multiple of 10

•• When dividing by a multiple of 10, factorise the multiple to give a power of 10 and its other factor.
EC

Divide by the other factor first, and then by the power of 10.

WORKED EXAMPLE 26
R

Calculate:
R

a 4.8 ÷ 40 b 19.2 ÷ 6000.

O

THINK WRITE
a 1 Dividing by 40 is the same as first dividing by 4 then a 1.2
C

dividing by 10. 4⟌4.8

N

  2 To divide by 10, move the position of the decimal point   1.2 ÷ 10 = 0.12
1 place to the left.
U

  3 Write your final answer.   4.8 ÷ 40 = 0.12

b 1 Dividing by 6000 is the same as dividing by 6 then b 3.2
dividing by 1000. 6⟌19.2
  2 To divide by 1000, move the position of the decimal   3.2 ÷ 1000 = 0.0032
point 3 places to the left.
  3 Write your final answer.   19.2 ÷ 6000 = 0.0032

TOPIC 6 Decimals  233

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 6.7.3 Dividing a decimal number by another decimal number
•• A visual representation of 2.724 ÷ 0.4 is shown below.

2.724

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

FS
2.724 ÷ 0.4 can be interpreted as ‘how many
times does 0.4 divide into 2.724?’
2.724 ÷ 0.4 = 6.81 First multiply this number by 10

O
•• When dividing one decimal by another, mul- to make a whole number.
tiply the decimal you are dividing by (divisor)

O
2.724 ÷ 0.4
by a power of 10 to make it a whole number.
Then multiply this
Multiply the other decimal by the same power of

PR
number by 10 also.
10, as shown at right. This is the same as writing
an equivalent fraction with a whole number as
the denominator:

E
2.724 10 27.24
× = .
0.4 10 4

G
PA
WORKED EXAMPLE 27

Calculate:
a 26.724 ÷ 0.4 b 3.0276 ÷ 0.12.
D

THINK WRITE
26.724
TE

a 1 Rewrite the question as a fraction. a 26.724 ÷ 0.4 =

0.4
  26.724 10
  2 Multiply both the numerator and the denominator = ×
EC

by the appropriate multiple of 10. 0.4 10

267.24
=
4
R

  3 Divide the decimal by the whole number.   6 6. 81

⟌
4 2627.324
R

  4 Write the answer.   26.724 ÷ 0.4 = 66.81

O

3.0276
b 1 Rewrite the question as a fraction. b 3.0276 ÷ 0.12 =
C

0.12
  2 Multiply both the numerator and the   3.0276 100
= ×
N

denominator by the appropriate multiple of 10. 0.12 100

302.76
U

=
12
  3 Divide the decimal by the whole number.   2 5. 2 3
12⟌3062.2736
  4 Write the answer.   3.0276 ÷ 0.12 = 25.23

234  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 WORKED EXAMPLE 28

How many litres of petrol could be purchased for $50.88 if 1 litre costs $1.06?
THINK WRITE
1 Write the problem. 50.88 ÷ 1.06
2 Rewrite the problem as a fraction. 50.88
=
1.06
3 Multiply the numerator and denominator by 50.88 100

FS
= ×
the ­appropriate multiple of 10, in this case 100. 1.06 100
Alternatively, the ­decimal point could be moved twice 5088
=
106

O
to the right in both numbers so that the divisor is a
whole number (that is, 50.88 ÷ 1.06 = 5088 ÷ 106).

O
4 8
4 Divide the decimal by the whole number. Alternatively, 106⟌508848

PR
use a calculator. 50.88 ÷ 1.06 = 48
5 Answer the question. Forty-eight litres of petrol could be
purchased for $50.88.

E
RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY

G
PA
Complete this digital doc: WorkSHEET 6.2
Searchlight ID: doc-1770
Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Dividing decimals by a single digit decimal number
Searchlight ID: doc-6467
D

Complete this digital doc: SkillSHEET: Dividing decimals by 10, 100, 1000
Searchlight ID: doc-6468
TE
EC

Exercise 6.7 Dividing decimals

(including bymultiples of 10)
Individual pathways
R
R

UU PRACTISE UU CONSOLIDATE UU MASTER

Questions: Questions: Questions:
O

1–8, 11, 18 1–6 (columns 2 and 3), 1–6 (column 3), 7–19
7–13, 17, 18
C

    Individual pathway interactivity: int-4342  ONLINE ONLY

N

To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,
U

go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.
Fluency
1. WE24 Calculate:
a. 3.6 ÷ 6 b. 21.7 ÷ 7 c. 17.4 ÷ 6 d. 4.86 ÷ 9 e. 8.05 ÷ 5
f. 14.13 ÷ 3 g. 9.68 ÷ 4 h. 1.576 ÷ 2 i. 17.847 ÷ 9 j. 8.029 ÷ 7
k. 32.5608 ÷ 8 l. 41.8645 ÷ 5 m. 20.5782 ÷ 3 n. 126.4704 ÷ 4 o. 37.56 ÷ 12
p. 46.80 ÷ 15 q. 24.541 ÷ 11 r. 17.108 ÷ 14 s. 77.052 ÷ 12 t. 121.3421 ÷ 11

TOPIC 6 Decimals  235

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 2. WE25 Calculate the following. In each case, add zeros and keep dividing until there is no remainder.
a. 3.7 ÷ 2 b. 9.5 ÷ 2 c. 7.3 ÷ 5
d. 9.8 ÷ 4 e. 7.5 ÷ 6 f. 55.6 ÷ 8
3. Calculate the following by changing the position of the decimal point.
a. 14.07 ÷ 10 b. 968.13 ÷ 100 c. 985.06 ÷ 100
d. 620.8 ÷ 1000 e. 3592.87 ÷ 1000 f. 2349.78 ÷ 100 000
g. 5332.0667 ÷ 100 000 h. 9.0769 ÷ 100 000 i. 103 454.97 ÷ 1000 000
j. 802 405.6 ÷ 1000 000 k. 152.70 ÷ 1000 000 l. 0.583 ÷ 1000
m. 0.7205 ÷ 10 000 n. 0.0032 ÷ 1000 000 o. 0.0487 ÷ 1000 000

FS
4. WE26 Calculate the following.
a. 15.9 ÷ 60 b. 23.7 ÷ 30 c. 164.5 ÷ 700

O
d. 238 ÷ 400 e. 8.79 ÷ 6000 f. 5.22 ÷ 3000
5. WE27a Calculate each of the following.

O
a. 2.5 ÷ 0.5 b. 4.2 ÷ 0.6 c. 6.4 ÷ 0.8 d. 8.1 ÷ 0.9
e. 2.8 ÷ 0.7 f. 6.66 ÷ 0.6 g. 0.248 ÷ 0.8 h. 3.57 ÷ 0.7

PR
i. 1.32 ÷ 0.6 j. 39.6 ÷ 0.6 k. 57.68 ÷ 0.8 l. 4.924 ÷ 0.4
m. 0.2556 ÷ 0.3 n. 0.067 354 ÷ 0.2 o. 0.5468 ÷ 0.4
6. WE27b Calculate:
a. 172.0488 ÷ 0.11 b. 0.510 48 ÷ 0.12 c. 6.4032 ÷ 0.32

E
d. 2.5473 ÷ 0.21 e. 21.470 10 ÷ 0.15 f. 142.888 ÷ 0.08

G
g. 0.028 692 ÷ 0.06 h. 473.159 61 ÷ 0.03 i. 32.619 ÷ 0.02
7. MC a.  To calculate 9.84 ÷ 0.8, rewrite it as:
PA
a. 9.84 ÷ 8 b. 0.984 ÷ 0.8 c. 98.4 ÷ 0.8 d. 98.4 ÷ 8 e. 984 ÷ 8
b. To calculate 151.368 ÷ 1.32, rewrite it as:
a. 151.368 ÷ 132 b. 151.368 ÷ 13.2 c. 1513.68 ÷ 132
d. 15 136.8 ÷ 132 e. 151 368 ÷ 132
D

c. 0.294 ÷ 0.7 equals:

TE

a. 0.042 b. 0.42 c. 4.2 d. 42 e. 420

d. 21.195 ÷ 0.15 equals:
a. 0.1413 b. 1.413 c. 14.13 d. 141.3 e. 1413
EC

Understanding
8. Change the following to dollars ($) by dividing by 100.
a. 365 cents b. 170 cents c. 5685 cents
R

d. 75 cents e. 90 cents f. 6350 cents

4
9. 100 987.5412 ÷ 10 = ?
R

Round the answer to the nearest hundredth.

O

Reasoning
10. Stephanie spent $6.95 on these chocolates. What was the
C

cost of each chocolate? Give your answer to the nearest

N

5 cents.
11. If you have $22.50 for bus fares to school for the week,
U

how much would you spend on each of the 5 days?

12. Emily wants to make 10 cushions from 6.75 metres of
material that she found on a table of remnants at a fabric
shop. How much material would she have for each cushion?
13. WE28 How many 1.25 -litre bottles of water could be
poured into a 25 -litre drink dispenser?

236  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 14. The area of an office floor is 85.8 square metres. How many people could she fit in the office if each
person takes up 1.2 square metres?

FS
O
O
PR
15. How many compact discs can be stacked on a shelf that is 28.6 centimetres high if each compact disc
case is 1.1 centimetres high?
16. How many burgers could be bought for $562.80 if each burger costs $2.80?
Problem solving

E
17. Anna has a wooden rod that is 2.4 metres long. She needs to cut 3 lengths, each of 0.4 metres, and

G
2 lengths, each of 0.2 metres. What fraction of the original rod will be left over after she has cut the
required lengths?
PA
18. The carat is a unit of measure used to weight precious stones. A 2.9 − carat diamond weighs
8.9494 grains. How many grains is 1 carat equal to?
19. A jug is 15 full of water. Jack added more water to the jug until was 34 full. At that stage there was 1.5 L
of water in the jug. How much water was originally in the jug?
D

Reflection
TE

1
Compare the processes involved when dividing by 0.1 and dividing by 10
.
EC

CHALLENGE 6.2
What is my number?
.............................................................................................
My number contains four different even digits with 3 decimal places. The last digit on the right is half the value
R

of the first digit on the left. The sum of the middle two places is the same as the first digit. Finally, the sum of the
first two digits is the same as the sum of the last two digits.
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6.8 Review
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6.8.1 Review questions

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Fluency
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1. Give the value of the 7 in each of the following.

a. 1.719 b. 3.0726 c. 4.7218 d. 0.2078 e. 23.1487
f. 0.00257 g. 17.592 h. 50.007
2. Write the following numbers in expanded notation.
a. 2.64 b. 0.369 c. 18.406 d. 96.3428
3. Add 2 tenths to the following.
a. 6.2 b. 0.743 c. 12.06 d. 3.91

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 4. Add 3 thousandths to the following.
a. 0.456 b. 12.803 c. 1.6 d. 2.79
5. Put < or > between the following.
a. 8.72 _________ 8.27 b. 0.35 _________ 0.37
c. 1.06 _________ 1.27 d. 10.214 _________ 10.219
e. 0.021 _________ 0.018 f. 13.0496 _________ 13.149
g. 0.804 06 _________ 0.804 17 h. 0.000 879 _________ 0.000 876
6. Write the following decimals in order from smallest to largest.

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a. 0.13, 0.86, 0.34, 0.71, 0.22 b. 0.247, 0.274, 0.124, 0.258, 0.285
c. 0.834, 0.826, 0.859, 0.888, 0.891 d. 0.356, 0.358, 0.365, 0.385, 0.217
7. Write the following decimals as fractions in simplest form.

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a. 0.8 b. 0.17 c. 0.36 d. 0.187 e. 0.125 f. 0.568 g. 0.205 h. 0.950
8. Write the following decimals as mixed numerals in simplest form.

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a. 1.5 b. 4.60 c. 3.48 d. 5.25 e. 2.75 f. 2.625 g. 1.56 h. 8.32
9. Round the following to the number of decimal places shown in the brackets.

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a. 1.29 (1) b. 2.047 (2) c. 13.8649 (2)
d. 0.0482 (3) e. 1.925 96 (1) f. 17.898 193 (1)
10. Round the following to the nearest unit.
a. 13.6 b. 29.02 c. 86.99 d. 100.09

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11. Calculate the following.

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a. 1.8 + 7.3 b. 4.21 + 5.88 c. 6.75 + 0.243
d. 12.047 + 3.6 e. 194 + 18.62 + 3.1 f. 34.1 + 7.629 + 0.00845
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12. Calculate the following.
a. 9.6 − 4.3 b. 18.25 − 9.18 c. 3.92 − 1.88
d. 100 − 9.341 e. 4.876 − 3.927 f. 1.6 − 0.025
13. Calculate the following.
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a. 6.2 × 3 b. 4.67 × 9 c. 13.2036 × 5 d. 0.7642 × 7

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14. Calculate the following.

a. 0.23 × 11 b. 16.28 × 41 c. 182.94 × 28 d. 0.02894 × 32
15. Calculate.
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a. 0.26 × 10 b. 1.345 × 10 c. 0.0645 × 100 d. 1.8294 × 100

e. 146.6281 × 100 f. 0.048 0643 × 1000 g. 0.839204 × 1000 h. 0.368 × 1000
16. Calculate.
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a. 3.2 × 0.41 b. 1.72 × 0.3 c. 0.87 × 0.9 d. 0.03 × 0.006

e. 0.58 × 1.5 f. 2.83 × 0.96 g. 11.468 × 1.3 h. 1.248 × 0.82
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17. Calculate each of the following.

2 2
a. 2.5 b. 0.03 c. √0.64 d. √0.0025
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18. Calculate each of the following.

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a. 2.4 ÷ 8 b. 1.64 ÷ 4 c. 12.48 ÷ 6 d. 147.24 ÷ 2 e. 1.76 ÷ 11 f. 264.88 ÷ 8

19. Calculate each of the following.
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a. 14.623 ÷ 10 b. 102.36 ÷ 10 c. 9612.347 ÷ 1000

d. 20.032 ÷ 100 e. 264983.0026 ÷ 1000 f. 3462.94 ÷ 100
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20. Write as a finite decimal or as an infinite recurring decimal.

1
a. 20 b. 58 5
c. 16 2
d. 16
21. Write these infinite recurring decimals using a short form.
a. 4.555 ... b. 0.8282 ... c. 19.27812781 ... d. 83.01626262 ...
22. Calculate.
a. 4.8 ÷ 0.6 b. 35.7 ÷ 0.7 c. 12.1 ÷ 1.1 d. 13.72 ÷ 0.4
e. 17.8964 ÷ 0.02 f. 372.04572 ÷ 0.06 g. 0.28956 ÷ 0.12 h. 3214.0170 ÷ 0.15

238  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 Problem solving
23. Jim saved the following amounts of pocket money to take away on holidays: $12.50, $15.00, $9.30,
$5.70, $10.80. How much money did Jim have to spend on holidays?
24. Mandie poured 0.375 litres from a 1.5-litre bottle of juice. How much juice was left in the bottle?
25. Tara bought 0.350 kilogram of shaved ham at $10.50 per kilogram. How much did Tara pay for the ham?
3
26. The decimal equivalent of 13 is 0.230769
1 5
a. What is the decimal equivalent of 13 ? b. Find the decimal equivalent of 13 .
27. If a bottle and its cork cost $1.10 and the bottle costs $1.00 more than the cork, how much does the

FS
cork cost? (Hint: The answer is not 10 cents.)
28. What decimal gives the same result when multiplied by 5 as it does when 5 is added to it?
29. Identify the pattern in this sequence of numbers:

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0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.6, 1.1, 2.0.
What are the next three numbers in the sequence?

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30. Michael added the following on his calculator: 22.5, 0.678, 138.4 and 23.1.
a. He estimated the answer to be about 184 but the calculator display showed 60.118. If his error was

PR
putting a decimal point in the wrong place, which number did he enter incorrectly?
b. Michael also performs the following calculation: 5.24 + 23.87 − 2.092
He compares his answer to the answers of three of his friends and they are all different. The answers
are: 5.535, 26.19, 27.018 and 74.178. Determine the correct answer and discuss the key-stroke errors

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made in the other calculations.

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31. Leesa has 3 m of ribbon. It takes 0.15 m of ribbon to make a bow. How many bows can she make
with the ribbon?
PA
32. Steven lives 34 km from school. He can walk at 6.25 km/h. How long does it take to walk to school?

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Language
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It is important to learn and be able to use correct mathematical language in order to communicate effec-
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tively. Create a summary of the topic using the key terms below. You can present your summary in writing
or using a concept map, a poster or technology.
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decimal digits finite decimal repeating decimal

decimal place place value rounding
N

decimal point recurring decimal terminating decimal

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Link to assessON for questions to test your

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TOPIC 6 Decimals 239

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 Investigation | Rich task
Eating out

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O
O
PR
E
G
PA
D
TE
EC
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When we eat out or buy takeaway food, a number of

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­factors are taken into consideration before we make our

pur- chases. What types of foods are available? What is
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the size of each serving? What is the cost of the

meal? These are examples of things we consider
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when we try to decide what and where we eat.

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In a group of four, you and your friends have

decided to eat at a local restaurant. Your par-
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ents have given each of you $30.00 to spend

on your meal.

240  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 1. Using the menu provided, work out how much each of the following meals would cost. On a
separate piece of paper, set out each order as it would appear on the final bill. An example is
shown at right.

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Item Cost

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Tossed green salad $5.50

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Homemade fruit pies $3.75

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E
G Total $9.25
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a. Tossed green salad and Homemade fruit pies
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b. Chicken Caesar salad, Jumbo hot dog and Vanilla-flavoured yoghurt

c. Garlic bread, Potato skins, House special and Jumbo banana split
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d. Vegetable burger with cheddar, Basket of fries and Brownie

Your group has decided to order a three-course meal. The first course consists of items from
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the Salads and Starters sections and the third course is from the Desserts section. The second
course is ordered from the remaining sections.
The group also decides to buy a large jug of orange juice to drink, and plans to share its cost
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of $4.60 evenly.
2. What is your share of the cost of the drinks?
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3. How much does this leave you to spend on your food order?
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4. Select your three-course meal, keeping in mind the amount of money you have to spend. Write
down your order, and set it out as you did for question 1.
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Obtain the orders from three of your classmates. This will represent your group of four.
5. Write down each group member’s order on a separate sheet of paper. Present the information as
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you would like it to appear on your final bill. Include the total cost of each person’s order.
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6. How much change did each group member receive from their $30?
Imagine that the restaurant’s final bill for your group showed only the total amount owing;
that is, there was no information on the breakdown of charges.

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 7. Comment on how you would feel about this and how you think bills should be presented for
group bookings.

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O
O
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RESOURCES — ONLINE ONLY

E
Complete this digital doc: Code puzzle: I came to Australia in the 1860s. Who am I?
Searchlight ID: doc-14321

G
PA
D
TE
EC
R
R
O
C
N
U

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 Answers
Topic 6 Decimals
Exercise 6.2  Place value and comparing decimals
2 2 2 2 2 2
1. a. 10 b. 100 c. 100 d. 10 e. 1000 f. 1000
g. 10 2000 h. 10 2000 i. 20 j. 2 k. 10 2000 l. 1002000
9 9 9 9 9 9
2. a. 10 b. 10 c. 100 d. 100 e. 100 f. 1000

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g. 10 9000 h. 1009000 i. 9 j. 9 k. 900 l. 90
1 1
3. a. Four units, 4; one tenth, 10 ; 4 + 10
8 5 8 5
b. One unit, 1; eight tenths, 10 ; five hundredths, 100 ; 1 + 10 + 100

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2 7 1 2 7 1
c. Two tenths, 10 ; seven hundredths, 100 ; one thousandth, 1000 ; 10 + 100 + 1000

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2 2
d. Nine units, 9; two hundredths, 100 ; 9 + 100
1 1
e. One ten, 10; six units, 6; one thousandth, 1000 ; 16 + 1000

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4 2
f. Three units, 3; four tenths, 10 ; two thousandths, 1000 ; seven hundred thousandths, 1007000; 3 + 10
4 2
+ 1000 + 1007000
4 7 8 2 3
4. a. 10 b. 2 + 10 c. 6 + 10 d. 5 + 10 + 100
7 6 3 1 8 9 1 1 1
e. 10 + 100 + 1000 f. 2 + 10 + 1000 g. 10 + 9 + 10 + 100 h. 10 + 100 + 10 1000

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2 9 6
i. 7 + 10 + 100 + 1000 + 10 4000 3
j. 10 3
+ 100 + 10 2000 + 1004000

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3 2 7 6
k. 300 + 100 l. 10 + 2 + 10 + 100 + 1000 + 10 4000 + 10 003 000
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1 1 1 1
5. a. (2 × 1) + (4 × 10
) + (7 ×
100
) b. (3 × 1) + (6 × 10
) + (9 ×100
)
1 1 1
c. (1 × 1) + (2 × 10
) + (5 × 100) d. (5 × 10) + (6 × 1) + (1 × 100)
1 1
e. (3 × 10) + (9 × 1) + (1 × 100 ) f. (1 × 10) + (6 × 1) + (7 × 100 )
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1 1 1 1 1 1
g. (7 × 1) + (1 × 10) + (2 × 100) + (3 × 1000
) h. (5 × 1) + (9 × 10) + (8 × 100) + (7 × 1000
)
1 1 1 1 1
i. (1 × 10) + (3 × 1) + (4 × 10 ) + (8 × )+ (2 × j. (3 × ) + (6 × 1000 ) + (2 × 10 1000)
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100 1000
) 10
1
k. (1 × 10
) + (3 × 100) + (5 × 10 1000)
1
l. (5 × 1
10
1
) + (2 × 10000 )
6. a. C b. D
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7.
    Tens Units   Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
a 0.205 0 0 · 2 0 5
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b 1.06 0 1 · 0 6 0
c 74.108 7 4 · 1 0 8
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d 0.108 0 0 · 1 0 8
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e 50.080 5 0 · 0 8 0

8. a. 0.32 b. 0.91 c. 0.59 d. 0.99 e. 0.901 f. 0.666

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g. 0.1440 h. 0.039 90 i. 2.559 j. 10.0233 k. 0.110 49 l. 0.102 36

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9. a. > b. < c. < d. < e. < f. <

g. < h. > i. > j. < k. < l. >
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10. a. 0.17, 0.21, 0.33, 0.39, 0.45 b. 0.12, 0.16, 0.19, 0.22, 0.27
c. 0.314, 0.391, 0.413, 0.420, 0.502 d. 0.613, 0.624, 0.677, 0.690, 0.710
e. 0.803, 0.807, 0.811, 0.821, 0.902 f. 0.1002, 0.1033, 0.1164, 0.1196, 0.1245
g. 0.9087, 0.9189, 0.9812, 0.9864, 0.9943 h. 0.4004, 0.4076, 0.4100, 0.4139, 0.4826
i. 4.0292, 4.5097, 4.6031, 4.6249, 4.802 j. 13.0229, 13.0291, 13.0294, 13.0299, 13.0929
k. 0.003, 0.004 65, 0.005 02, 0.0056, 0.009 l. 0.507, 0.5079, 0.595, 0.61, 0.617

TOPIC 6 Decimals  243

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 11. a. 0.48, 0.39, 0.36, 0.31, 0.19 b. 0.38, 0.35, 0.27, 0.16, 0.02
c. 0.99, 0.97, 0.95, 0.91, 0.90 d. 0.29, 0.13, 0.09, 0.07, 0.02
e. 1.291, 1.288, 1.279, 1.273, 1.264 f. 0.491, 0.442, 0.437, 0.433, 0.406
g. 0.390, 0.372, 0.318, 0.317, 0.309 h. 0.602, 0.591, 0.573, 0.556, 0.502
i. 0.8889, 0.8823, 0.8448, 0.8217, 0.8207 j. 0.7695, 0.7657, 0.6024, 0.1079, 0.0307
k. 1.843 21, 1.702 96, 1.486 59, 1.486 13, 1.349 54 l. 12.9092, 12.392, 12.289 50, 12.208 64, 12.002 36
12. E 13. D 14. E
15. a. i.  Tenths ii. Yes b. i.  Units ii. Yes

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c. i.  Thousandths ii. No d. i.  Hundredths ii. No
e. i.  Tenths ii. No f. i.  Tenths ii. Yes
g. i.  Units ii. No h. i.  Hundredths ii. Yes

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i. i.  Units ii. Yes j. i.  Tens ii. Yes
16. a. F b. T c. F d. T e. F f. T

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17. a. Shelley, 0.21 seconds b. Carolyn, 0.06 seconds c. Mara, 0.11 seconds
d. Shelley, Carolyn, Robyn e. Carolyn, Shelley, Kyah f. Mara, Jenika, Shelley

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g. Yes, Shelley
18. 8.264
19. a. 0.1428571429
0.2857142857
0.42857142857

0.5714285714
0.7142857143
0.8571428571

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b.
Each number has a repeated group of decimals in the same sequence: 142857.

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Exercise 6.3  Converting decimals to fractions and fractions to d
­ ecimals
3
1. a. 10 b. 12 9
c. 10 21
d. 100 e. 25 f. 45
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6
g. 25 h. 11
25
49
i. 100 63
j. 100 k. 251
500
617
l. 1000
3 3
m. 25 n. 10 o. 16
25
7
p. 25 q. 441
500
r. 591
625

s. 109209 t. 104621 u. 34 3
v. 25 w. 143 x. 117
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000 000 500 250

3
2. a. 1 10 b. 1 35 7
c. 2 10 d. 9 25 e. 1 15 f. 2 45
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g. 4 15 h. 8 12 13
i. 2 100 j. 6 12
25
27
k. 5 100 91
l. 19 500

m. 12 21
50
3
n. 3 20 o. 6 14 7
p. 9 50 843
q. 12 1000 r. 16 341
500
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s. 2 104917
000
t. 4 1693
5000
41
u. 37 200 v. 18 129
200
69
w. 24 200 3
x. 100 625
3. a. B b. A c. C d. D e. E
4. a. 0.75 b. 0.5 c. 0.8 d. 0.05 e. 0.2
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f. 0.25 g. 0.375 h. 0.02 i. 0.32

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5. a. 0.375 b. 0.875 c. 0.0625

6. If the denominator only contains factors of 2 or 5, the decimal will terminate.
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3 . . 4 . . 5 . . 6 . .
7. = 0.428571, = 0.571428, = 0.714285, = 0.857142
7 7 7 7
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8. No, the second jump was best.

9. 300 m
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Exercise 6.4  Rounding and repeating decimals

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1. a. 0.32 b. 0.86 c. 1.25 d. 13.05 e. 7.13 f. 100.81

g. 71.26 h. 0.01 i. 0.19 j. 19.70 k. 0.40 l. 1.00
2. a. 0.4 b. 0.9 c. 9.3 d. 25.3 e. 300.1 f. 12.8
g. 99.9 h. 8.9 i. 17.6 j. 0.9 k. 94.0 l. 1.0
3. a. 2.39 b. 14.0 c. 0.03 d. 0.8765 e. 64.2952 f. 0.382
g. 96.3 h. 3.04 i. 8.90 j. 47.880 k. 0.10 l. 0.49
4. a. C b. D c. D d. A

244  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 5. a. 11 b. 8 c. 4 d. 93 e. 112 f. 22
g. 42 h. 2138 i. 0 j. 1 k. 1 l. 41
. . . .. ..
6. a. 2.5 b. 0.6 c. 12.8 d. 49.1 e. 0.26 f. 0.41
... . . . .
g. 0.913 h. 8.6418 i. 0.04012 j. 133.9462 k. 1.83 l. 0.127
7. a. 0.17 b. 0.3 c. 0.1 d. 0.13 e. 0.18
f. 0.4 g. 0.417 h. 0.142 857 i. 0.47
8. a. B b. A c. D d. A
.
9. a. 0.5 b. 0.3 c. 0.25 d. 0.2 e. 0.1
. .

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10. a. 3.5 b. 4.6 c. 0.75 d. 3.8 e. 0.7
11. a. 10 b. 80 c. 50 d. 140 e. 260 f. 180
g. 310 h. 1480 i. 10 020 j. 209 720 k. 20 l. 10

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12. a. 300 b. 200 c. 900 d. 100 e. 100 f. 6800
g. 900 h. 9800 i. 1700 j. 1 462 800 k. 100 l. 0

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13. a. 3000 b. 6000 c. 12 000 d. 19 000 e. 28 000 f. 9000
g. 1000 h. 497 000 i. 13 000 j. 1000 k. 130 000 l. 50 000

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14. $27.70
15. A more reasonable measurement would be 3.568 m. With the instruments we have available, it would not be possible to cut
the timber more accurately.
. . . ..
16. 0.295, 0.295, 0.295, 0.295

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17. Answers will vary. An example is 0.543216.

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18. Check with your teacher.
19. 25°C
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20. a. i.  0.8 ii. 0.84 iii. 0.838
b. The rules are the same regardless of the number of decimals.
21. a. 0.166667 1.166667 2.166667 3.166667 4.166667
b. The decimal places are identical.
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c. The units are different.

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d. 5.167
6.167
7.167
31 1
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=5
6 6
= 5 + 0.167
= 5.167
22. 50.0000 33.3333 20.0000 14.2857 9.0909
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7.6923 5.8824 5.2632 4.3478 3.4483

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Exercise 6.5  Adding and subtracting decimals

1. a. 3.5 b. 2.69 c. 13.239 d. 102.1858
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2. a. 6.77 b. 21.906 c. 2012.333 d. 261.449 06

3. a. 4.6 b. 6.9 c. 1.59 d. 3.471 e. 17.280
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f. 8.9685 g. 17.3271 h. 20.4329 i. 1056.7863

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4. a. 11.69 b. 105.22 c. 42.031 d. 18.951

e. 105.958 f. 192.8949 g. 20.9916 h. 2618.9564
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5. a. B b. A c. A d. D
6. a. 0.60 b. 4.205 c. 0.0806 d. 1.3368
e. 5.02 f. 89.19 g. 87.09 h. 2.733
7. a. 3.34 b. 5.93 c. 3.849 d. 0.327 e. 4.146
f. 27.83 g. 1.934 h. 3.289 i. 1.2509 j. 14.5326
k. 16.766 l. 38.238 m. 4.1136 n. 0.1951 o. 0.772 16
8. a. C b. B c. B d. B

TOPIC 6 Decimals  245

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 9. $167.00 10. $4.70 11. 20.05 kilometres 12. 8.1 kilometres
13. $6.60 14. $10.35 15. 50.48 kilograms
16. 11.73 metres 17. 48.38 seconds 18. 31.28 metres
19. a.
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (seconds) 153 159.3 148.9 166.6 155.9 155.8
b. Team 3 c. 4.1 seconds
20. 65.53 g, 43.43 g, 32.03 g or 32.04 g 21. 49 calls
22. Increase 51 c 23. 0.107

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Challenge 6.1
One possible solution is 5.83 + 1.46 = 7.29.

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Exercise 6.6  Multiplying decimals (including by multiples of 10)
1. a. 14.0 b. 125.6 c. 146.7 d. 61.2 e. 111.70 f. 428.67

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g. 190.26 h. 518.96 i. 26.068 j. 6.384 k. 0.794 43 l. 113.541 464
2. a. 0.84 b. 2.94 c. 0.32 d. 7.76 e. 0.140

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f. 0.192 g. 0.385 h. 0.441 i. 0.326 j. 4.304
k. 0.2082 l. 0.3486 m. 2.8992 n. 4.905 64 o. 10.016 395
3. a. 0.0001 b. 0.000 012 c. 0.063 d. 0.000 222 e. 0.000 002 44
f. 0.000 36 g. 0.392 h. 0.000 6062 i. 0.000 0042

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4. a. 0.3 b. 0.851 c. 2.538 d. 6.557 e. 16.848

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f. 60.300 g. 55.872 h. 28.652 i. 12.3095 j. 18.9644
k. 79.7720 l. 35.6896 m. 4.2036 n. 1.699 24 o. 14.892
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5. a. E b. B c. A d. B
6. a. 0.0004 b. 1.69 c. 4.2025 d. 0.3 e. 0.4 f. 0.07
7. a. 64.8 b. 1389.6 c. 58 906.43 d. 270.8 e. 217 148.96
f. 842 619 g. 82 049.6783 h. 3 268 904.3267 i. 984 326.641 j. 59 027 683.017
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k. 278.498 32 l. 460 m. 5 290 000 n. 39 486 000

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8. a. 1092 b. 4548 c. 13 450 d. 38 340

e. 1016 f. 5973 g. 147 200 h. 437 400
9. a. 3500 b. 12 700 c. 1100 d. 2535 e. 5820 f. 11 015
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10. $750 11. 108 L 12. 260.7569 m2 13. $5.55

14. a. 3205c b. $32.05 15. 0.375 L 16. 13
17. Together they pay $6.30: Sophie pays $3.60 and Hamish pays $2.70.
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18. The 50 extra sheets are 6 mm thick. You probably wouldn’t notice the difference.

Exercise 6.7  Dividing decimals (including by multiples of 10)

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1. a. 0.6 b. 3.1 c. 2.9 d. 0.54 e. 1.61

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f. 4.71 g. 2.42 h. 0.788 i. 1.983 j. 1.147

k. 4.0701 l. 8.3729 m. 6.8594 n. 31.6176 o. 3.13
C

p. 3.12 q. 2.231 r. 1.222 s. 6.421 t. 11.0311

2. a. 1.85 b. 4.75 c. 1.46 d. 2.45 e. 1.25 f. 6.95
N

3. a. 1.407 b. 9.6813 c. 9.8506 d. 0.6208 e. 3.592 87

U

f. 0.023 4978 g. 0.053 320 667 h. 0.000 090 769 i. 0.103 454 97 j. 0.802 4056
k. 0.0001527 l. 0.000 583 m. 0.000 072 05 n. 0.000 000 0032 o. 0.000 000 048 7
4. a. 0.265 b. 0.79 c. 0.235 d. 0.595 e. 0.001 465 f. 0.001 74
5. a. 5 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9 e. 4
f. 11.1 g. 0.31 h. 5.1 i. 2.2 j. 66
k. 72.1 l. 12.31 m. 0.852 n. 0.336 77 o. 1.367

246  Jacaranda Maths Quest 7 Victorian Curriculum

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 6. a. 1564.08 b. 4.254 c. 20.01 d. 12.13 e. 143.134
f. 1786.1 g. 0.4782 h. 15 771.987 i. 1630.95
7. a. D b. D c. B d. D
8. a. $3.65 b. $1.70 c. $56.85 d. $0.75 e. $0.90 f. $63.50
9. 10.10 10. $0.60 11. $4.50 12. 0.675 m
13. 20 14. 71 15. 26 16. 201
1
17. 18. 3.086 grains 19. 0.4 L
3

FS
Challenge 6.2
8.264

Exercise 6.8  Review

O
1. a. 7 tenths b. 7 hundredths c. 7 tenths d. 7 thousandths

O
e. 7 ten thousandths f. 7 hundred thousandths g. 7 units h. 7 thousandths
1 1
2. a. (2 × 1) + (6 × 10 ) + (4 × 100 )

PR
1 1 1
b. (3 × 10
) + (6 × 100) + (9 × 1000 )
1 1
c. (1 × 10) + (8 × 1) + (4 × 10) + (6 × 1000 )
1 1 1 1
d. (9 × 10) + (6 × 1) + (3 × 10 )+ (4 × 100 ) + (2 × 1000 ) + (8 × 10000 )

E
3. a. 6.4 b. 0.943 c. 12.26 d. 4.11
4. a. 0.459 b. 12.806 c. 1.603 d. 2.793

G
5. a. > b. < c. < d. <
e. > f. < g. < h. >
PA
6. a. 0.13, 0.22, 0.34, 0.71, 0.86 b. 0.124, 0.247, 0.258, 0.274, 0.285
c. 0.826, 0.834, 0.859, 0.888, 0.891 d. 0.217, 0.356, 0.358, 0.365, 0.385
7. a. 45 17
b. 100 9
c. 25 187
d. 1000
D

e. 18 71
f. 125 41
g. 200 h. 19
20
8. a. 1 12 b. 4 35 c. 3 12 d. 5 14
TE

25
e. 2 34 f. 2 38 g. 1 14
25
8
h. 8 25
9. a. 1.3 b. 2.05 c. 13.86 d. 0.048 e. 1.9260 f. 17.90
10. a. 14 b. 29 c. 87 d. 100
EC

11. a. 9.1 b. 10.09 c. 6.993 d. 15.647 e. 215.72 f. 41.737 45

12. a. 5.3 b. 9.07 c. 2.04 d. 90.659 e. 0.949 f. 1.575
13. a. 18.6 b. 42.03 c. 66.0180 d. 5.3494
R

14. a. 2.53 b. 667.48 c. 5122.32 d. 0.926 08

R

15. a. 2.6 b. 13.45 c. 6.45 d. 182.94

e. 14 662.81 f. 48.0643 g. 839.204 h. 368
O

16. a. 1.312 b. 0.516 c. 0.783 d. 0.000 18

e. 0.87 f. 2.7168 g. 14.9084 h. 1.023 36
C

17. a. 6.25 b. 0.0009 c. 0.8 d. 0.05

N

18. a. 0.3 b. 0.41 c. 2.08 d. 73.62 e. 0.16 f. 33.11

19. a. 1.4623 b. 10.236 c. 9.612 347 d. 0.200 32 e. 264.983 0026 f. 34.6294
U

20. a. 0.05 b. 0.625 c. 0.3125 d. 0.125

21. a. 4.5 b. 0.82 c. 19.2781 d. 83.0162
22. a. 8 b. 51 c. 11 d. 34.3
e. 894.73 f. 6200.762 g. 2.413 h. 21 426.78
23. $53.30
24. 1.125 L
25. $3.70 (Rounded to nearest 5c) or $3.68

TOPIC 6 Decimals  247

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 26. a. 0.0.76923 b. 0.384615
27. 5c
28. 1.25
29. 3.7, 6.8, 12.5
30. a. 13.84 b. 17.018
31. 20
32. 7 min 12 s
Investigation — Rich task

FS
1. a. $9.25 b. $17.40 c. $33.45 d. $13.45
2. $1.15
3. $28.85

O
4. Teacher to check.
5. Teacher to check.

O
6. Teacher to check.
7. Teacher to check.

PR
E
G
PA
D
TE
EC
R
R
O
C
N
U

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