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Distillation - Session 6

The document discusses different types of distillation processes. It describes batch distillation and continuous distillation, noting that continuous columns can handle higher throughputs without interruptions. It also summarizes flash or equilibrium distillation, multi-stage continuous distillation, and crude oil distillation processes. Material and enthalpy balances are shown for flash distillation. Crude oil distillation in refineries is briefly mentioned.

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atif irshad
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© © All Rights Reserved
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35 views

Distillation - Session 6

The document discusses different types of distillation processes. It describes batch distillation and continuous distillation, noting that continuous columns can handle higher throughputs without interruptions. It also summarizes flash or equilibrium distillation, multi-stage continuous distillation, and crude oil distillation processes. Material and enthalpy balances are shown for flash distillation. Crude oil distillation in refineries is briefly mentioned.

Uploaded by

atif irshad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mass Transfer Operation-1

Distillation- Session 6
Batch distillation

Amit K. Thakur
Department of Chemical Engineering
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun
Phone/ WhatsApp:+918979778821

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Continuous distillation

➢ Continuous columns process a continuous feed stream

➢ No interruptions occur unless there is a problem with the


column or surrounding process units

➢ They are capable of handling high throughputs

➢ Continuous column is the more common of the two types


✓ Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
(Single stage)
✓Multi-stage Continuous distillation
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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Flash drum

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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

HD
Vapor
Feed = 1 mol/s HF + Q

Q Liquid
HF

High pressure feed

HB
HF , HD and HB are the enthalpy of feed, distillate and the bottom product respectively (kJ/mol)
Q is the rate of heed supply in the heat exchanger (kJ/s)
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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
Define f as molal fraction of the feed that is vaporized
and withdrawn continuously as vapor. Therefore, for 1
mole of binary feed mixture, (1- f) is the molal fraction
of the feed that leaves continuously as liquid

Based on the definition for f, the greater the heating


is, the larger the value of f. If the feed is completely
vaporized, then f = 1.0 Thus, the value of f can varies
from 0 (no vaporization) to 1 (total vaporization).

The value of f can varies from 0 (pure liquid) to 1 (total


vaporization)

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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
Material balance for the more volatile component (A)

Rearranging to obtain the equation of operating line,

Slope

It will intersect the equilibrium line at the point (xB, yD). From this
value, the composition of the vapor and liquid leaving the
separator can be obtained
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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Enthalpy balance

1 mol/s of feed

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Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Intercept

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Multistage continuous distillation

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Multistage continuous distillation

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Crude oil distillation in
Refinery

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